A New Suffruticose Taxon of Dianthus (Caryophyllaceae) from Bingöl, Turkey

Dianthus hymenolepis Boiss. subsp. bingolensis,, collected from Bingöl (Turkey), was defined as new subspecies for the scientific world. D. hymenolepis subsp. bingolensis grows rocky slopes in Quercus petrae openings. The description, photographs and general ecological preferences of the newly defined subspecies were given. Research Article Article History Received : 04.04.2020 Accepted : 18.05.2020


INTRODUCTION
The name "Dianthus" was first used by Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778) as a genus name in the work called Species Plantarum. The genus is described in this work with a total of 15 species.
Of these species; Dianthus barbatus L., D. carthusianorum L. and D. armeria L. already grow in Turkey. Linnaeus did not describe the genus in his work, did not divide it into groups or sections. A small number of species; It is distinguished by using quite basic characters such as clustered or single flowers, herbaceous or bushy, calyx and petal shape (Linnaeus, 1753). Some taxa of the genus were transferred to the genus Petrorhagia (Ser.) Link described later (Link, 1831). If this transfer was not counted, no taxonomic changes have were on genus since its publication. Dianthus L. (Turkish Karanfil) is the second largest genus of Caryophyllaceae family after Silene L. The gene centre of the genus, which contains about 300 species, was considered the Mediterranean phytogeographic region (Dequan and Turland, 2001).

MATERIAL and METHODS
Specimens belonging to the species defined were collected in Bingöl Province in Turkey. Use was made of the related literature and the specimens in the GAZI, ANK, ISTO and E herbaria in the identification and evaluation of the specimens (Reeve, 1967;Rechinger, 1988). The Canon EOS60D digital camera was used for taking the photographs. A ruler with a sensitivity of 0.5 mm was used in the writing of the sizes of the morphological characters given in the depiction.
Ecological preferences: Dianthus hymenolepis subsp. bingolensis is a local endemic taxon restricted to between the two villages (Alıncık and Aşağıköy) in the west of Bingöl, eastern Turkey. It prefers rocky slopes in forest clearings and usually grows at altitude of 1400-1580 m. The bloom period of the subspecies is June through July. barbatus L., D. pseudarmeria M.Bieb. and D. persicus Hausskn.) by a suffruticose habit and rounded, obtuse, mucronate calyx teeth apex (Reeve, 1967;Rechinger, 1988). These and many more morphological characters are also similar to D. hymenolepis subsp. bingolensis. Although there are many similarities, there are also some important morphological differences between D. hymenolepis subsp. hymenolepis and D. hymenolepis subsp. bingolensis, the most important of which are inflorescence, epicalyx scales and calyx indumentum, petal limb features, seed shape and width (Table 1)

Author's Contributions
The contribution of the authors is equal.