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Farklı Sulama Programlarının Santa Rosa Erik Ağaçlarında Verim ve Kalite Üzerine Etkileri

Year 2008, Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 223 - 230, 01.12.2008

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Santa Rosa (Prunus salicina Lindl.) çeşidi erik ağaçlarına, damla sulama yöntemi ile dört farklı sulama programı uygulanmıştır. Sulamalara genellikle topraktaki mevcut nemin %30-40’ı tüketildiğinde sulamaya başlanmaktadır. Damla yöntemiyle sulanan ve Japon grubu içerisine giren Santa Rosa çeşidi erik ağaçlarında, 120 cm toprak derinliğindeki kullanılabilir su tutma kapasitesinin %20(I0.20), %30(I0.30), %40(I0.40), %50(I0.50)’si tüketildiğinde sulamaya başlanmış ve bu sulama programlarının ağaç gelişmesi, meyve verimi, meyve kalitesi üzerine etkileri araştırılmaya çalışılmıştır. I0.20 sulama konusunda ortalama 569 mm, I0.30 konusun’da 616 mm, Ikonusun’da 537 mm, I0.50 konusun’da 560 mm sulama suyu uygulanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın sonucunda, dört faklı sulama uygulamasının ağaç verimi ve meyve kalite parametreleri üzerine istatistiki olarak önemli bir fark yaratmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Ancak, bu sulama uygulamalarında en düşük sulama suyu miktarı I0.40 konusunda 537 mm olarak bulunmuştur. Bu sonuç, Santa Rosa erik ağaçlarında bu miktarın üzerinde uygulanacak sulama suyunun, aşırı miktarda uygulanacak sulama suyu miktarını ifade etmektedir, çünkü bu miktarın üzerinde uygulanan sulama suyu konusunda elde edilen verim ve kalite parametreleri arasında önemli bir fark görülmemiştir. Ayrıca, kısa aralıklarla yapılan sulamalarda buharlaşmayla oluşacak kayıplar da artış gösterecektir. Sonuç olarak, en az sulama suyu I0.40 sulama konusunda elde edildiğinden su tutma kapasitesinin % 40’ı tüketildiğinde sulamaya başlanması daha uygun olacaktır

References

  • Burt,C.M. and Styles, S.W. 1994. Drip and Microirrigation for Trees and Vines and Row Crops. ITRC. Deparment of Agricultural Engineering. California Polytecnic State University, San Luis, Obispo, California 93407.
  • Drake. S.R., E.L. Proebsting, Jr., M.O. Mahan, and J.B. Thompson. 1981. Influence of trickle and sprinkle irrigation on “Golden Delicious” apple quality. J.Amer.Soc. Hort.Sci. 106(3):255-258.
  • Doorenbos,J., A.H.Kassam, 1979. Yield Response to Water. FAO, irrigation and drainage paper no.33, Rome, 193.
  • Fereres, E. and Puech, I. 1981. Irrigation Management Program Univ. Calif. Coop. Ext. Serv. and Calif. Dept. Water Resource, Sacremento, CA.
  • Guelfat. R. S., R. Assaf, B.A. Bravdo, and I. Levin, 1974. The keeping quality of apples in storage as affected by different irrigation regimes. J. Hort.Sci. 49: 217-225.
  • Goldhamer, D. A. and Syneder, R. S., 1989. Irrigation Scheduling Univ. Calif. Berkeley Leafl. 21454.
  • Kuden. A., Kaska.N., Ozguven.A.I., Keden.A.B., 1994. Selection of the some plum cultivars in the GAP area for yield and quality. Acta Horticulture 359, p.110-117.
  • Lord, W.J., L.F., Michelson, and D. L. Field. 1963. response to irrigation and soil moisture use by McIntosh apple trees in Masachusetts. Mass. Expt.Sta.Pub. 537.
  • Landsberg, J.J. and H.G., Jones, 1981. Apple Orchards. P.419-469. In Water deficits and plant growth. T.T. Kozlowski (ed). Vol. VI. Academic Press. New York.
  • Morris, J.R., A.A. Kattan and E.H. Arrington, 1962. Response of Elberta peaches to the interactive effects of irrigation, pruning and thinning. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 80.177-189.
  • Miller, N.W., 1981. Fruit Maturation in Prunes When to Harvest Prune Orchard
  • Management. University of California, Agricultural Sciences, Publications. Berkeley, CA 94720. 143-146
  • The Effects of Different Irrigation Programs on The Yield and Fruit Quality of Santa Rosa Plum Tree
  • McGuire. R.G, 1992. Reporting of objective color measurements. U.S. Department of Agriculture- Agricultural Research Service, Subtropical Horticulture Research Station, 13601 Old Cutler Road, Miami, FL 33158. Hort.Science, vol, 27(12) December 1992
  • Proebsting, E. L., Drake, S. R., and Evans, R. G., 1984. Irrigation management, fruit quality and storage life of apple. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 109(2): 229-232.
  • Ryall, A. I., and W. W. Aldrich, 1937. The effects of water supply to the tree upon water content, pressure test and quality of Barlett pears Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Scie. 35:283-288.
  • Renquist, R. 1987. Evapotranspiration calculations for young peach trees and growth responses to irrigation amount and frequency Hort. Science 22: 221-223.
  • Smith, R. L., and Fereres, E. 1988. Irrigation Programing. FAO. Irrig. Drain. Pap. FAO. Rome.
  • Uriu, K. And Magnes, J.R. 1967. Deciduous tree fruit and nuts. Irrigation of Agricultural Lands. Agronomy 11:686-703.
  • Westwood, M., 1978. Temperate Zone Pomology. W.H. Freeman and Company, New York. 428.
  • Yildirim, O. 1996. Sulama Sistemleri II. Ankara Universitesi Ziraat Fakultesi, Yayin No:1449, Ders Kitabı 429. Ankara.

The Effects of Different Irrigation Programs on The Yield and Fruit Quality of Santa Rosa Plum Tree

Year 2008, Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 223 - 230, 01.12.2008

Abstract

Four different irrigation programs using the drip irrigation system were applied to the Plum Tree, Santa Rosa ( Prunus salicina Lindl.). Irrigations for trees, generally, commence as 30 or 40% of available water from the field capacity are depleted. Therefore, in this study, Irrigations were initialized as 20% (I0.20), 30%(I0.30), 40%(I0.40), and 50%(I0.50) of the available soil moisture through the effective root depth depleted in order to evaluate how 20% and 50% depletion affect the growth, yield and fruit quality rather than other treatments. Recorded amounts of irrigation water were 569 mm for I0.20 ,616 mm for I0.30, 537 mm for I0.40 and 560 mm for I0.50 treatment, the subscript referring to the depletion of soil moisture throughout the effective root depth.
Results of this study summarily demonstrate that there is no adverse effect on tree performance by the application of four different irrigation programs. However, within all treatments the lowest water amount was in I0.40 treatment, 537 mm. It indicates that more than this amount will be excess water application because higher than this amount has no valuable effect on the yield and quality parameters of Santa Rosa plum trees. That the gap between the Irrigation intervals in I0.40 treatment are high caused the evaporation to be less than the others. Consequently, as a strategy for water management in Santa Rosa plum orchards grown in clay soil irrigation should be initiated as 40% of available moisture is depleted through the effective root depth for saving irrigation water in semi-arid regions.

References

  • Burt,C.M. and Styles, S.W. 1994. Drip and Microirrigation for Trees and Vines and Row Crops. ITRC. Deparment of Agricultural Engineering. California Polytecnic State University, San Luis, Obispo, California 93407.
  • Drake. S.R., E.L. Proebsting, Jr., M.O. Mahan, and J.B. Thompson. 1981. Influence of trickle and sprinkle irrigation on “Golden Delicious” apple quality. J.Amer.Soc. Hort.Sci. 106(3):255-258.
  • Doorenbos,J., A.H.Kassam, 1979. Yield Response to Water. FAO, irrigation and drainage paper no.33, Rome, 193.
  • Fereres, E. and Puech, I. 1981. Irrigation Management Program Univ. Calif. Coop. Ext. Serv. and Calif. Dept. Water Resource, Sacremento, CA.
  • Guelfat. R. S., R. Assaf, B.A. Bravdo, and I. Levin, 1974. The keeping quality of apples in storage as affected by different irrigation regimes. J. Hort.Sci. 49: 217-225.
  • Goldhamer, D. A. and Syneder, R. S., 1989. Irrigation Scheduling Univ. Calif. Berkeley Leafl. 21454.
  • Kuden. A., Kaska.N., Ozguven.A.I., Keden.A.B., 1994. Selection of the some plum cultivars in the GAP area for yield and quality. Acta Horticulture 359, p.110-117.
  • Lord, W.J., L.F., Michelson, and D. L. Field. 1963. response to irrigation and soil moisture use by McIntosh apple trees in Masachusetts. Mass. Expt.Sta.Pub. 537.
  • Landsberg, J.J. and H.G., Jones, 1981. Apple Orchards. P.419-469. In Water deficits and plant growth. T.T. Kozlowski (ed). Vol. VI. Academic Press. New York.
  • Morris, J.R., A.A. Kattan and E.H. Arrington, 1962. Response of Elberta peaches to the interactive effects of irrigation, pruning and thinning. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 80.177-189.
  • Miller, N.W., 1981. Fruit Maturation in Prunes When to Harvest Prune Orchard
  • Management. University of California, Agricultural Sciences, Publications. Berkeley, CA 94720. 143-146
  • The Effects of Different Irrigation Programs on The Yield and Fruit Quality of Santa Rosa Plum Tree
  • McGuire. R.G, 1992. Reporting of objective color measurements. U.S. Department of Agriculture- Agricultural Research Service, Subtropical Horticulture Research Station, 13601 Old Cutler Road, Miami, FL 33158. Hort.Science, vol, 27(12) December 1992
  • Proebsting, E. L., Drake, S. R., and Evans, R. G., 1984. Irrigation management, fruit quality and storage life of apple. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 109(2): 229-232.
  • Ryall, A. I., and W. W. Aldrich, 1937. The effects of water supply to the tree upon water content, pressure test and quality of Barlett pears Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Scie. 35:283-288.
  • Renquist, R. 1987. Evapotranspiration calculations for young peach trees and growth responses to irrigation amount and frequency Hort. Science 22: 221-223.
  • Smith, R. L., and Fereres, E. 1988. Irrigation Programing. FAO. Irrig. Drain. Pap. FAO. Rome.
  • Uriu, K. And Magnes, J.R. 1967. Deciduous tree fruit and nuts. Irrigation of Agricultural Lands. Agronomy 11:686-703.
  • Westwood, M., 1978. Temperate Zone Pomology. W.H. Freeman and Company, New York. 428.
  • Yildirim, O. 1996. Sulama Sistemleri II. Ankara Universitesi Ziraat Fakultesi, Yayin No:1449, Ders Kitabı 429. Ankara.
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

M. Yıldırım

O. Yıldırım This is me

Publication Date December 1, 2008
Published in Issue Year 2008 Volume: 21 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Yıldırım, M., & Yıldırım, O. (2008). Farklı Sulama Programlarının Santa Rosa Erik Ağaçlarında Verim ve Kalite Üzerine Etkileri. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, 21(2), 223-230.
AMA Yıldırım M, Yıldırım O. Farklı Sulama Programlarının Santa Rosa Erik Ağaçlarında Verim ve Kalite Üzerine Etkileri. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture. December 2008;21(2):223-230.
Chicago Yıldırım, M., and O. Yıldırım. “Farklı Sulama Programlarının Santa Rosa Erik Ağaçlarında Verim Ve Kalite Üzerine Etkileri”. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture 21, no. 2 (December 2008): 223-30.
EndNote Yıldırım M, Yıldırım O (December 1, 2008) Farklı Sulama Programlarının Santa Rosa Erik Ağaçlarında Verim ve Kalite Üzerine Etkileri. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture 21 2 223–230.
IEEE M. Yıldırım and O. Yıldırım, “Farklı Sulama Programlarının Santa Rosa Erik Ağaçlarında Verim ve Kalite Üzerine Etkileri”, Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 223–230, 2008.
ISNAD Yıldırım, M. - Yıldırım, O. “Farklı Sulama Programlarının Santa Rosa Erik Ağaçlarında Verim Ve Kalite Üzerine Etkileri”. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture 21/2 (December 2008), 223-230.
JAMA Yıldırım M, Yıldırım O. Farklı Sulama Programlarının Santa Rosa Erik Ağaçlarında Verim ve Kalite Üzerine Etkileri. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture. 2008;21:223–230.
MLA Yıldırım, M. and O. Yıldırım. “Farklı Sulama Programlarının Santa Rosa Erik Ağaçlarında Verim Ve Kalite Üzerine Etkileri”. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, vol. 21, no. 2, 2008, pp. 223-30.
Vancouver Yıldırım M, Yıldırım O. Farklı Sulama Programlarının Santa Rosa Erik Ağaçlarında Verim ve Kalite Üzerine Etkileri. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture. 2008;21(2):223-30.