Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Effects of Row Spacing and Sowing Rate on Quality Performance of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Under Tokat Ecological Conditions

Year 2022, Volume: 28 Issue: 4, 732 - 739, 17.10.2022

Mahir Özkurt Yaşar Karadağ

https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.937717

Abstract

This research was conducted to determine the effects of row spacing and sowing rate on the hay quality characteristics of alfalfa under Tokat-Kazova ecological conditions during the years of 2014-2016. Alfalfa cultivar Bilensoy-80 was sown at four different row spacings (15, 30, 45 and 60 cm) and six different sowing rates (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 kg ha-1). The experimental design was randomized complete block design in split plots with four replications. Row spacings were main plots and sowing rates were sub-plots. The highest crude protein content (% 20.8) and relative feed value (147.8) were obtained from 5 kg ha-1 sowing rate and 15 cm row spacing. It was concluded based on present findings that Belinsoy-80 alfalfa cultivar should be sown at 15 cm row spacing and 25 kg ha-1sowing rate for high hay quality under Tokat-Kazova ecological conditions.

Keywords

Lucerne sowing rate crude protein rate ADF RFV Anatolia

Supporting Institution

Tokat Gazisomanpasa University

Project Number

2014/101

Thanks

This study was supported by the Scientific Research Project Coordination of Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University Turkey (Project No: BAP 2014/101) and produced from PhD thesis of first author.

References

  • Abdel-Rahman E, Suwar A (2012). Effect of seeding rate on growth and yield of two alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars. International Journal of Sudan Research. 2(2): 141–154.
  • Acikbas S, Albayrak S & Türk M (2017). Determination of forage yield and quality of some alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) genotypes collected from natural vegetation. Turk Journal of Agricultural Research. 4(2): 155–162.
  • Acikgöz E (2001). Forage Crops. VIPAS Edit No:58, 584p. Bursa
  • Albayrak S & Türk M (2013). Changes in the forage yield and quality of legume-grass mixtures throughout a vegetation period. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 37(2): 139–147.
  • Anonymous (2014). Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University Agriculture Faculty. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department. Soil Analysis Laboratory. Tokat.
  • Anonymous, 2018. Turkish Statistical Institute.
  • Avci M, Cinar S, Kizil S, Aktas A, Yücel C, Hatipoglu R, Yücel H, Kilicalp N, İnal İ & Gültekin R (2009). Research on the hay yields and hay qualities of some alfalfa cultivars under Cukurova conditions. Turkey VIII. Field Crop Congress, Oct 19-22, Volume I. Hatay, pp: 666- 670.
  • Avcioglu R, Geren H, Tamkoc A & Karadag Y (2009). Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). In: Forage Crops, Legume Forage Crops, Volume II, Ed. Avcioglu, R., Hatipoglu, R. & Karadag, Y, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Publication (in Turkish), pp:290-336
  • Bayram G, Budaklı E, Türk M & Çelik N (2007). Determination of annual changes of biomass and chemical traits in some perennial legume and grass forages, Turkey. VII. Field Crops Congress, July 25-27, Erzurum, pp:70-74.
  • Budak F & Budak F (2014). Quality on forage plants and factors effecting forage quality. Turkish Journal of Scientific Reviews. (7)1:1-6.
  • Caddel J, Huhnke R, Stritzke J, Johnson G (2017). Alfalfa stand establishment. http://pods.dasnr.okstate.edu/docushare/dsweb/Get/Rendition-3517/unknown.
  • Chocarro C & Lloveras J (2015). The effect of row spacing on alfalfa seed and forage production under irrigated Mediterranean agricultural conditions. Grass Forage Science. 70(4): 651–660.
  • Cinar S (2012). Performances of Pure Growings and Mixture of Some Warm Season Perennial Grasses and Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Under Lowland Conditions of Cukurova. PhD Thesis, Cukurova University, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Field Crops, Adana Turkey.
  • Demiroglu G, Geren H & Avcioglu R (2015). Adaptation of different alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) genotypes under Aegean Region conditions. Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Ege University, 45(1): 1-10.
  • Engin B (2016). Determination of hay yield and some quality traits of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars in Yozgat Ecologycal conditions. Master of Science Thesis, Yozgat Bozok University. Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Field Crops, Yozgat, Turkey.
  • Erdel B, 2017. Determination of Forage Yield and Quality Characteristics of Some Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Cultivars Under Bursa Ecological Conditions. Master of Science Thesis, Uludag University. Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Field Crops, Bursa, Turkey.
  • Gökalp S, Yazici L, Cankaya N & İspirli K (2017). Determination of forage yield and quality performance of some alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars in Tokat-Kazova Ecological Conditions Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University, 34(3): 114–127.
  • Gündel F D, Karadag Y & Cınar S (2014). A research on yield, quality and adaptation of some warm season perennial legumes under Çukurova ecological conditions. Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University, 31(3): 10–19.
  • Güney M, Bingöl N & Aksu T (2016). Relative Feed Value (RFV) and Relative Forage Quality (RFQ) used in the classification of forage quality. Atatürk University Journal of Veterinary Sciences.11(2): 254-258.
  • Hansen L H & Krueger C R (1973). Effect of establishment method, variety, and seeding rate on the production and quality of alfalfa under dryland and irrigation. Agron. J. 65(5), 755–759.
  • Hatipoglu R, Anlarsal A, Tükel T & Efe A (1989). Effects of sowing rate on some important characters of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) on up-land of Cukurova (in Turkish with English abstract). Cukurova University. Journal of Faculty of Agriculture, volume 4, pp.129-134.
  • İnal N (2015). Determination of yield and quality characteristics of some alfalfa varieties under Kirsehir conditions. Master of Science Thesis, Kırsehir Ahi Evran University. Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Field Crops, Kırşehir, Turkey.
  • Kavut Y T, Esen K A, Gülcan C, Topcu D & Kir B (2014). An investigation on yield characteristics of different alfalfa genotypes grown in different location. Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Ege University. 51 (1): 23-29.
  • Kutlu H R (2008). Feed Evaluation and Analysis Methods. Cukurova University Department of Animal Husbandery, Course Note, Adana.
  • Mattera J, Romero L A, Cuatrín A L, Cornaglia P S & Grimoldi A A (2013). Yield components, light interception and radiation use efficiency of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) in response to row spacing. Eur. J. Agron. 45(1): 87–95. Mermer A (2000). Effects of Row Spacing and Seeding Rate on Hay and Seed Yields of Two Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Varieties (Bilensoy and Ladak). PhD Thesis, Atatürk University. Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Field Crops, Erzurum, Turkey.
  • Min D H, King J R, Kim D A & Lee H W (2000). Stand density effects on herbage yield and forage quality of alfalfa. Asian-Aus. J. Anim. Sci. 13(7): 929–934.
  • Rashidi M, Zand B & Gholami M (2010). Effect of different seeding rates on seed yield and some seed yield components of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). International Journal of Agriculture and Biology. 11(6): 779-78.
  • Sarraj W M (1989). Effect of variety and seeding rate on establishment and productivity of alfalfa sown in autumn. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 159(1): 34-40.
  • Saruhan V & Kusvuran A (2011). Determination of yield performances of some lucerne cultivars and genotypes under the Güneydogu Anadolu Region conditions. Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Ege University. 48 (2), 131-138.
  • Scholtz G D J, Merwe H J V D & Tylutki T P (2009). The nutritive value of South African Medicago sativa L . hay. South African Journal Animal Science. 39(1): 179–182.
  • Stout D G (1998). Effect of high lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) sowing rates on establishment year yield, stand persistence and forage quality. J. Agron. Crop Sci. 180(1): 39–43.
  • Tekce E & Gül M (2014). The importance of NDF and ADF in ruminant nutrition. Atatürk University Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 9(1): 63-73.
  • Tosun F (1974). Legume and Grass Forage Crops Culture. Atatürk University Publications. Erzurum.
  • Turan N (2010). A research on the yield and yield characteristics of some alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars grown in different sowing times. PhD Thesis, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Field Crops, Van, Turkey.
  • Volenec J J, Cherney J H & Johnson K D (1987). Yield components, plant morphology, and forage quality of alfalfa as influenced by plant population. Crop Sci. 27(2): 321-326.
  • Yavuz M (2005). Detergent Fiber System. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University, 22(1): 93-96.
  • Yavuz T (2011). Karadeniz determination of artificial pasture mixtures for dryland conditions of transitional climate zone of black sea region. PhD Thesis, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Field Crops, Tokat, Turkey.
  • Yesil M & Şengül S (2009). A study on determining some of the morphological characteristics of alfalfa ecotypes collected from various regions of Turkey. Alinteri Journal of Agricultural Sciences 16(1): 1-6.
  • Yilmaz M F, İnal İ, Kara R, Dalkılıc A Y & Avci M (2015). Different sowing frequencies on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) of effects on herb and seed yield in Kahramanmaras conditions. XI. Turkey Field Crops Congress, 07-10. Sept, Çanakkale, pp.391-392.
  • Yilmaz M & Albayrak S (2016). Determination of forage yield and quality of some alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars under Isparta Ecological conditions. Journal of Central Research Institute For Field Crops. 25(1): 42–47.
  • Yurtsever N (2011). Experimental statistical methods ministry of agriculture and forestry. Soil Fertilizer and Water Resources Central Research Institute Publications, No.121/56. Volume 2, Ankara.264-271 pp.
  • Yücel H, Avci M, Cinar S, Aktaş & Kökasık F D (2011). Determining hay yield and hay quality characteristics of different alfalfa cultivars. IX. Turkey Field Crops Congress, 12-15 Sept, Bursa, pp.1883-1886.

Year 2022, Volume: 28 Issue: 4, 732 - 739, 17.10.2022

Mahir Özkurt Yaşar Karadağ

https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.937717

Abstract

Project Number

2014/101

References

  • Abdel-Rahman E, Suwar A (2012). Effect of seeding rate on growth and yield of two alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars. International Journal of Sudan Research. 2(2): 141–154.
  • Acikbas S, Albayrak S & Türk M (2017). Determination of forage yield and quality of some alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) genotypes collected from natural vegetation. Turk Journal of Agricultural Research. 4(2): 155–162.
  • Acikgöz E (2001). Forage Crops. VIPAS Edit No:58, 584p. Bursa
  • Albayrak S & Türk M (2013). Changes in the forage yield and quality of legume-grass mixtures throughout a vegetation period. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 37(2): 139–147.
  • Anonymous (2014). Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University Agriculture Faculty. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department. Soil Analysis Laboratory. Tokat.
  • Anonymous, 2018. Turkish Statistical Institute.
  • Avci M, Cinar S, Kizil S, Aktas A, Yücel C, Hatipoglu R, Yücel H, Kilicalp N, İnal İ & Gültekin R (2009). Research on the hay yields and hay qualities of some alfalfa cultivars under Cukurova conditions. Turkey VIII. Field Crop Congress, Oct 19-22, Volume I. Hatay, pp: 666- 670.
  • Avcioglu R, Geren H, Tamkoc A & Karadag Y (2009). Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). In: Forage Crops, Legume Forage Crops, Volume II, Ed. Avcioglu, R., Hatipoglu, R. & Karadag, Y, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Publication (in Turkish), pp:290-336
  • Bayram G, Budaklı E, Türk M & Çelik N (2007). Determination of annual changes of biomass and chemical traits in some perennial legume and grass forages, Turkey. VII. Field Crops Congress, July 25-27, Erzurum, pp:70-74.
  • Budak F & Budak F (2014). Quality on forage plants and factors effecting forage quality. Turkish Journal of Scientific Reviews. (7)1:1-6.
  • Caddel J, Huhnke R, Stritzke J, Johnson G (2017). Alfalfa stand establishment. http://pods.dasnr.okstate.edu/docushare/dsweb/Get/Rendition-3517/unknown.
  • Chocarro C & Lloveras J (2015). The effect of row spacing on alfalfa seed and forage production under irrigated Mediterranean agricultural conditions. Grass Forage Science. 70(4): 651–660.
  • Cinar S (2012). Performances of Pure Growings and Mixture of Some Warm Season Perennial Grasses and Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Under Lowland Conditions of Cukurova. PhD Thesis, Cukurova University, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Field Crops, Adana Turkey.
  • Demiroglu G, Geren H & Avcioglu R (2015). Adaptation of different alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) genotypes under Aegean Region conditions. Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Ege University, 45(1): 1-10.
  • Engin B (2016). Determination of hay yield and some quality traits of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars in Yozgat Ecologycal conditions. Master of Science Thesis, Yozgat Bozok University. Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Field Crops, Yozgat, Turkey.
  • Erdel B, 2017. Determination of Forage Yield and Quality Characteristics of Some Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Cultivars Under Bursa Ecological Conditions. Master of Science Thesis, Uludag University. Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Field Crops, Bursa, Turkey.
  • Gökalp S, Yazici L, Cankaya N & İspirli K (2017). Determination of forage yield and quality performance of some alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars in Tokat-Kazova Ecological Conditions Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University, 34(3): 114–127.
  • Gündel F D, Karadag Y & Cınar S (2014). A research on yield, quality and adaptation of some warm season perennial legumes under Çukurova ecological conditions. Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University, 31(3): 10–19.
  • Güney M, Bingöl N & Aksu T (2016). Relative Feed Value (RFV) and Relative Forage Quality (RFQ) used in the classification of forage quality. Atatürk University Journal of Veterinary Sciences.11(2): 254-258.
  • Hansen L H & Krueger C R (1973). Effect of establishment method, variety, and seeding rate on the production and quality of alfalfa under dryland and irrigation. Agron. J. 65(5), 755–759.
  • Hatipoglu R, Anlarsal A, Tükel T & Efe A (1989). Effects of sowing rate on some important characters of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) on up-land of Cukurova (in Turkish with English abstract). Cukurova University. Journal of Faculty of Agriculture, volume 4, pp.129-134.
  • İnal N (2015). Determination of yield and quality characteristics of some alfalfa varieties under Kirsehir conditions. Master of Science Thesis, Kırsehir Ahi Evran University. Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Field Crops, Kırşehir, Turkey.
  • Kavut Y T, Esen K A, Gülcan C, Topcu D & Kir B (2014). An investigation on yield characteristics of different alfalfa genotypes grown in different location. Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Ege University. 51 (1): 23-29.
  • Kutlu H R (2008). Feed Evaluation and Analysis Methods. Cukurova University Department of Animal Husbandery, Course Note, Adana.
  • Mattera J, Romero L A, Cuatrín A L, Cornaglia P S & Grimoldi A A (2013). Yield components, light interception and radiation use efficiency of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) in response to row spacing. Eur. J. Agron. 45(1): 87–95. Mermer A (2000). Effects of Row Spacing and Seeding Rate on Hay and Seed Yields of Two Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Varieties (Bilensoy and Ladak). PhD Thesis, Atatürk University. Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Field Crops, Erzurum, Turkey.
  • Min D H, King J R, Kim D A & Lee H W (2000). Stand density effects on herbage yield and forage quality of alfalfa. Asian-Aus. J. Anim. Sci. 13(7): 929–934.
  • Rashidi M, Zand B & Gholami M (2010). Effect of different seeding rates on seed yield and some seed yield components of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). International Journal of Agriculture and Biology. 11(6): 779-78.
  • Sarraj W M (1989). Effect of variety and seeding rate on establishment and productivity of alfalfa sown in autumn. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 159(1): 34-40.
  • Saruhan V & Kusvuran A (2011). Determination of yield performances of some lucerne cultivars and genotypes under the Güneydogu Anadolu Region conditions. Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Ege University. 48 (2), 131-138.
  • Scholtz G D J, Merwe H J V D & Tylutki T P (2009). The nutritive value of South African Medicago sativa L . hay. South African Journal Animal Science. 39(1): 179–182.
  • Stout D G (1998). Effect of high lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) sowing rates on establishment year yield, stand persistence and forage quality. J. Agron. Crop Sci. 180(1): 39–43.
  • Tekce E & Gül M (2014). The importance of NDF and ADF in ruminant nutrition. Atatürk University Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 9(1): 63-73.
  • Tosun F (1974). Legume and Grass Forage Crops Culture. Atatürk University Publications. Erzurum.
  • Turan N (2010). A research on the yield and yield characteristics of some alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars grown in different sowing times. PhD Thesis, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Field Crops, Van, Turkey.
  • Volenec J J, Cherney J H & Johnson K D (1987). Yield components, plant morphology, and forage quality of alfalfa as influenced by plant population. Crop Sci. 27(2): 321-326.
  • Yavuz M (2005). Detergent Fiber System. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University, 22(1): 93-96.
  • Yavuz T (2011). Karadeniz determination of artificial pasture mixtures for dryland conditions of transitional climate zone of black sea region. PhD Thesis, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Field Crops, Tokat, Turkey.
  • Yesil M & Şengül S (2009). A study on determining some of the morphological characteristics of alfalfa ecotypes collected from various regions of Turkey. Alinteri Journal of Agricultural Sciences 16(1): 1-6.
  • Yilmaz M F, İnal İ, Kara R, Dalkılıc A Y & Avci M (2015). Different sowing frequencies on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) of effects on herb and seed yield in Kahramanmaras conditions. XI. Turkey Field Crops Congress, 07-10. Sept, Çanakkale, pp.391-392.
  • Yilmaz M & Albayrak S (2016). Determination of forage yield and quality of some alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars under Isparta Ecological conditions. Journal of Central Research Institute For Field Crops. 25(1): 42–47.
  • Yurtsever N (2011). Experimental statistical methods ministry of agriculture and forestry. Soil Fertilizer and Water Resources Central Research Institute Publications, No.121/56. Volume 2, Ankara.264-271 pp.
  • Yücel H, Avci M, Cinar S, Aktaş & Kökasık F D (2011). Determining hay yield and hay quality characteristics of different alfalfa cultivars. IX. Turkey Field Crops Congress, 12-15 Sept, Bursa, pp.1883-1886.
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Mahir Özkurt 0000-0003-0058-3026

Yaşar Karadağ 0000-0002-0523-9470

Project Number 2014/101
Publication Date October 17, 2022
Submission Date May 15, 2021
Acceptance Date December 18, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 28 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Özkurt, M., & Karadağ, Y. (2022). Effects of Row Spacing and Sowing Rate on Quality Performance of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Under Tokat Ecological Conditions. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 28(4), 732-739. https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.937717
 Download Cover Image

Journal of Agricultural Sciences is published open access journal. All articles are published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).