Research Article
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Effects of Different Lactic Acid Bacteria Inoculants on Alfalfa Silage Fermentation and Quality

Year 2023, Volume: 29 Issue: 2, 555 - 560, 31.03.2023

Tuğba Günaydın Fatma Akbay Seda Arıkan Mustafa Kızılsımsek

https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.1136844
Cited By: 2

Abstract

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a crucial perennial forage plant with high protein and mineral content and may be mowed several times through the vegetation period. Along with having a large cultivation area in Türkiye, it constitutes approximately 61% of the total green forage produced. Silage is the most effective method for preserving herbage and using it as a source of roughage throughout the year. However, ensiling alfalfa, especially with low dry matter (DM) content, is difficult due to its low water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) and buffering capacity. This study was carried out to improve the alfalfa plant’s silage fermentation process by inoculating new lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains. When the alfalfa plant reached 50% flowering, six different LAB strains were inoculated and compared with the uninoculated alfalfa silage. According to the results obtained, it was determined that LAB inoculants improved the fermentation properties of alfalfa silage in general. All inoculated strains caused a significant decrease in the pH of the resulting silage. The strain Lactobacillus buchneri (LS-31-1-4) was superior in terms of DM recovery (96.82%) and protein recovery (94.00%). At the same time, Lactobacillus brevis (LS-55-2-2) and Leuconostoc citerum (LS-70-6-1) were the most restrictive strains of yeast and enterobacteria growth in silage, respectively.

Keywords

LAB isolates Microorganisms Silage quality Enterobacteria

Supporting Institution

THE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF TURKEY

Project Number

10O694

References

  • Agarussi, M. C. N., Pereira, O. G., da Silva, V. P., Leandro, E. S., Ribeiro, K. G., & Santos, S. A. (2019). Fermentative profile and lactic acid bacterial dynamics in non-wilted and wilted alfalfa silage in tropical conditions. Molecular Biology Reports, 46(1), 451-460.
  • AOAC. (1990). Official methods of analysis (15 ed., Vol. 222). Association of Official Analytical Chemists Washington, DC.
  • Blajman, J., Vinderola, G., Paez, R. B., & Signorini, M. (2020). The role of homofermentative and heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria for alfalfa silage: a meta-analysis. The Journal of Agricultural Science, 158(1-2), 107-118.
  • Ding, Z., Bai, J., Xu, D., Li, F., Zhang, Y., & Guo, X. (2020). Microbial community dynamics and natural fermentation profiles of ensiled alpine grass Elymus nutans prepared from different regions of the qinghai-tibetan plateau. Frontiers in microbiology, 11, 855.
  • Driehuis, F., Elferink, S. O., & Spoelstra, S. (1999). Anaerobic lactic acid degradation during ensilage of whole crop maize inoculated with Lactobacillus buchneri inhibits yeast growth and improves aerobic stability. Journal of applied Microbiology, 87(4), 583-594.
  • Ergin, S., & Gumus, H. (2020). Silage quality, fermentation dynamics and chemical composition of alfalfa silage prepared with salt and lactic acid bacteria inoculants. Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, 20(3), 367-380.
  • Ertekin, İ., Çeliktaş, N., Can, E., & Kızılşimşek, M. (2017). Yonca silaj ve besleme kalitesinin FT-NIRS teknolojisi ile saptanması. KSÜ Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 20, 88-92.
  • Ertekin, İ., & Kızılşimşek, M. (2020). Effects of lactic acid bacteria inoculation in pre-harvesting period on fermentation and feed quality properties of alfalfa silage. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 33(2), 245.
  • Filya, I. (2004). Nutritive value and aerobic stability of whole crop maize silage harvested at four stages of maturity. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 116(1-2), 141-150.
  • Filya, I., Muck, R., & Contreras-Govea, F. (2007). Inoculant effects on alfalfa silage: fermentation products and nutritive value. Journal of Dairy Science, 90(11), 5108-5114.
  • Huo, W., Wang, X., Wei, Z., Zhang, H., Liu, Q., Zhang, S., Wang, C., Chen, L., Xu, Q., & Guo, G. (2021). Effect of lactic acid bacteria on the ensiling characteristics and in vitro ruminal fermentation parameters of alfalfa silage. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 20(1), 623-631.
  • Jung, J. S., Ravindran, B., Soundharrajan, I., Awasthi, M. K., & Choi, K. C. (2022). Improved performance and microbial community dynamics in anaerobic fermentation of triticale silages at different stages. Bioresource Technology, 345, 126485. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126485
  • Kızılşimşek, M., Erol, A., Dönmez, R., & Katrancı, B. (2016). Silaj mikro florasının birbirleri ile ilişkileri, silaj fermentasyonu ve kalitesi üzerine etkileri. KSÜ Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 19(2), 136-140.
  • Kızılşimşek, M., Keklik, K., & Günaydın, T. (2020). Yeni Laktik Asit Bakteri izolatlarının farklı kuru madde içeriğine sahip yonca (Medicago sativa L.) silajında mikrobiyel inokulant olarak kullanılma olanakları. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 23(5), 1331-1339.
  • Kuppusamy, P., Kim, D., Soundharrajan, I., Park, H. S., Jung, J. S., Yang, S. H., & Choi, K. C. (2020). Low-carbohydrate tolerant LAB strains identified from rumen fluid: Investigation of probiotic activity and legume silage fermentation. Microorganisms, 8(7), 1044.
  • Laslo, E., Mathe, L., Lányi, S., Ábrahám, B., Salamon, R. V., & Tókos, K. (2019). Effects of lactic acid bacteria inoculation on mountain grass and alfalfa silage fermentation characteristics. Environmental Engineering & Management Journal (EEMJ), 18(3).
  • Lee, I.-S., Lee, S.-Y., Choi, M.-K., Kang, C.-H., & Kim, J.-M. (2018). Evaluation of the fermentation ability of lactic acid bacteria to manufacture highest quality rice straw silage. Korean Journal of Crop Science, 63(2), 106-111.
  • Li, F., Ding, Z., Adesogan, A. T., Ke, W., Jiang, Y., Bai, J., Mudassar, S., Zhang, Y., Huang, W., & Guo, X. (2020). Effects of class IIa bacteriocin-producing Lactobacillus species on fermentation quality and aerobic stability of alfalfa silage. Animals, 10(9), 1575.
  • McDonald, P., Henderson, A., & Heron, S. J. E. (1991). The biochemistry of silage (2nd ed.). Chalcombe publications.
  • Muck, R. E., Nadeau, E. M. G., McAllister, T. A., Contreras-Govea, F. E., Santos, M. C., & Kung, L. (2018). Silage review: Recent advances and future uses of silage additives. Journal of Dairy Science, 101(5), 3980-4000. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-13839
  • Pahlow, G., Muck, R. E., Driehuis, F., Elferink, S. J. O., & Spoelstra, S. F. (2003). Microbiology of ensiling. Silage science and technology, 42, 31-93.
  • Queiroz, O., Arriola, K., Daniel, J., & Adesogan, A. (2013). Effects of 8 chemical and bacterial additives on the quality of corn silage. Journal of Dairy Science, 96(9), 5836-5843.
  • Silva, V., Pereira, O., Leandro, E., Da Silva, T., Ribeiro, K., Mantovani, H., & Santos, S. (2016). Effects of lactic acid bacteria with bacteriocinogenic potential on the fermentation profile and chemical composition of alfalfa silage in tropical conditions. Journal of Dairy Science, 99(3), 1895-1902.
  • Silva, V. P., Pereira, O. G., Leandro, E. S., Paula, R. A., Agarussi, M. C., & Ribeiro, K. G. (2020). Selection of lactic acid bacteria from alfalfa silage and its effects as inoculant on silage fermentation. Agriculture, 10(11), 518.
  • TÜİK. (2022). Türkiye İststistik Kurumu. Tarım: Bitkisel üretim istaistikleri; İstatistiksel Tablolar;Tahıllar ve diğer bitkisel ürünler;Yem bitkileri https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Kategori/GetKategori?p=Tarim-111&dil=1
  • Uher, D., Konjačić, M., Jareš, D., & Maćešić, D. (2019). The effect of bacterial inoculant on chemical composition and fermentation of alfalfa silage. Journal of Central European Agriculture, 20(2), 657-664.
  • Yakışır, B. Ö., & Aksu, T. (2019). The Effect of Different Levels of Molasses’s Dried Sugar Beet Pulp on the Quality of Alfalfa Silage. Van Veterinary Journal, 30(2).
  • Zielińska, K., Fabiszewska, A., & Stefańska, I. (2015). Different aspects of Lactobacillus inoculants on the improvement of quality and safety of alfalfa silage. Chilean journal of agricultural research, 75(3), 298-306.

Year 2023, Volume: 29 Issue: 2, 555 - 560, 31.03.2023

Tuğba Günaydın Fatma Akbay Seda Arıkan Mustafa Kızılsımsek

https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.1136844
Cited By: 2

Abstract

Project Number

10O694

References

  • Agarussi, M. C. N., Pereira, O. G., da Silva, V. P., Leandro, E. S., Ribeiro, K. G., & Santos, S. A. (2019). Fermentative profile and lactic acid bacterial dynamics in non-wilted and wilted alfalfa silage in tropical conditions. Molecular Biology Reports, 46(1), 451-460.
  • AOAC. (1990). Official methods of analysis (15 ed., Vol. 222). Association of Official Analytical Chemists Washington, DC.
  • Blajman, J., Vinderola, G., Paez, R. B., & Signorini, M. (2020). The role of homofermentative and heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria for alfalfa silage: a meta-analysis. The Journal of Agricultural Science, 158(1-2), 107-118.
  • Ding, Z., Bai, J., Xu, D., Li, F., Zhang, Y., & Guo, X. (2020). Microbial community dynamics and natural fermentation profiles of ensiled alpine grass Elymus nutans prepared from different regions of the qinghai-tibetan plateau. Frontiers in microbiology, 11, 855.
  • Driehuis, F., Elferink, S. O., & Spoelstra, S. (1999). Anaerobic lactic acid degradation during ensilage of whole crop maize inoculated with Lactobacillus buchneri inhibits yeast growth and improves aerobic stability. Journal of applied Microbiology, 87(4), 583-594.
  • Ergin, S., & Gumus, H. (2020). Silage quality, fermentation dynamics and chemical composition of alfalfa silage prepared with salt and lactic acid bacteria inoculants. Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, 20(3), 367-380.
  • Ertekin, İ., Çeliktaş, N., Can, E., & Kızılşimşek, M. (2017). Yonca silaj ve besleme kalitesinin FT-NIRS teknolojisi ile saptanması. KSÜ Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 20, 88-92.
  • Ertekin, İ., & Kızılşimşek, M. (2020). Effects of lactic acid bacteria inoculation in pre-harvesting period on fermentation and feed quality properties of alfalfa silage. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 33(2), 245.
  • Filya, I. (2004). Nutritive value and aerobic stability of whole crop maize silage harvested at four stages of maturity. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 116(1-2), 141-150.
  • Filya, I., Muck, R., & Contreras-Govea, F. (2007). Inoculant effects on alfalfa silage: fermentation products and nutritive value. Journal of Dairy Science, 90(11), 5108-5114.
  • Huo, W., Wang, X., Wei, Z., Zhang, H., Liu, Q., Zhang, S., Wang, C., Chen, L., Xu, Q., & Guo, G. (2021). Effect of lactic acid bacteria on the ensiling characteristics and in vitro ruminal fermentation parameters of alfalfa silage. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 20(1), 623-631.
  • Jung, J. S., Ravindran, B., Soundharrajan, I., Awasthi, M. K., & Choi, K. C. (2022). Improved performance and microbial community dynamics in anaerobic fermentation of triticale silages at different stages. Bioresource Technology, 345, 126485. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126485
  • Kızılşimşek, M., Erol, A., Dönmez, R., & Katrancı, B. (2016). Silaj mikro florasının birbirleri ile ilişkileri, silaj fermentasyonu ve kalitesi üzerine etkileri. KSÜ Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 19(2), 136-140.
  • Kızılşimşek, M., Keklik, K., & Günaydın, T. (2020). Yeni Laktik Asit Bakteri izolatlarının farklı kuru madde içeriğine sahip yonca (Medicago sativa L.) silajında mikrobiyel inokulant olarak kullanılma olanakları. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 23(5), 1331-1339.
  • Kuppusamy, P., Kim, D., Soundharrajan, I., Park, H. S., Jung, J. S., Yang, S. H., & Choi, K. C. (2020). Low-carbohydrate tolerant LAB strains identified from rumen fluid: Investigation of probiotic activity and legume silage fermentation. Microorganisms, 8(7), 1044.
  • Laslo, E., Mathe, L., Lányi, S., Ábrahám, B., Salamon, R. V., & Tókos, K. (2019). Effects of lactic acid bacteria inoculation on mountain grass and alfalfa silage fermentation characteristics. Environmental Engineering & Management Journal (EEMJ), 18(3).
  • Lee, I.-S., Lee, S.-Y., Choi, M.-K., Kang, C.-H., & Kim, J.-M. (2018). Evaluation of the fermentation ability of lactic acid bacteria to manufacture highest quality rice straw silage. Korean Journal of Crop Science, 63(2), 106-111.
  • Li, F., Ding, Z., Adesogan, A. T., Ke, W., Jiang, Y., Bai, J., Mudassar, S., Zhang, Y., Huang, W., & Guo, X. (2020). Effects of class IIa bacteriocin-producing Lactobacillus species on fermentation quality and aerobic stability of alfalfa silage. Animals, 10(9), 1575.
  • McDonald, P., Henderson, A., & Heron, S. J. E. (1991). The biochemistry of silage (2nd ed.). Chalcombe publications.
  • Muck, R. E., Nadeau, E. M. G., McAllister, T. A., Contreras-Govea, F. E., Santos, M. C., & Kung, L. (2018). Silage review: Recent advances and future uses of silage additives. Journal of Dairy Science, 101(5), 3980-4000. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-13839
  • Pahlow, G., Muck, R. E., Driehuis, F., Elferink, S. J. O., & Spoelstra, S. F. (2003). Microbiology of ensiling. Silage science and technology, 42, 31-93.
  • Queiroz, O., Arriola, K., Daniel, J., & Adesogan, A. (2013). Effects of 8 chemical and bacterial additives on the quality of corn silage. Journal of Dairy Science, 96(9), 5836-5843.
  • Silva, V., Pereira, O., Leandro, E., Da Silva, T., Ribeiro, K., Mantovani, H., & Santos, S. (2016). Effects of lactic acid bacteria with bacteriocinogenic potential on the fermentation profile and chemical composition of alfalfa silage in tropical conditions. Journal of Dairy Science, 99(3), 1895-1902.
  • Silva, V. P., Pereira, O. G., Leandro, E. S., Paula, R. A., Agarussi, M. C., & Ribeiro, K. G. (2020). Selection of lactic acid bacteria from alfalfa silage and its effects as inoculant on silage fermentation. Agriculture, 10(11), 518.
  • TÜİK. (2022). Türkiye İststistik Kurumu. Tarım: Bitkisel üretim istaistikleri; İstatistiksel Tablolar;Tahıllar ve diğer bitkisel ürünler;Yem bitkileri https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Kategori/GetKategori?p=Tarim-111&dil=1
  • Uher, D., Konjačić, M., Jareš, D., & Maćešić, D. (2019). The effect of bacterial inoculant on chemical composition and fermentation of alfalfa silage. Journal of Central European Agriculture, 20(2), 657-664.
  • Yakışır, B. Ö., & Aksu, T. (2019). The Effect of Different Levels of Molasses’s Dried Sugar Beet Pulp on the Quality of Alfalfa Silage. Van Veterinary Journal, 30(2).
  • Zielińska, K., Fabiszewska, A., & Stefańska, I. (2015). Different aspects of Lactobacillus inoculants on the improvement of quality and safety of alfalfa silage. Chilean journal of agricultural research, 75(3), 298-306.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Tuğba Günaydın 0000-0002-4458-1287

Fatma Akbay 0000-0002-0156-9974

Seda Arıkan This is me 0000-0002-7545-8660

Mustafa Kızılsımsek 0000-0002-0295-0603

Project Number 10O694
Publication Date March 31, 2023
Submission Date June 28, 2022
Acceptance Date October 24, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 29 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Günaydın, T., Akbay, F., Arıkan, S., Kızılsımsek, M. (2023). Effects of Different Lactic Acid Bacteria Inoculants on Alfalfa Silage Fermentation and Quality. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 29(2), 555-560. https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.1136844

Cited By

Performance of New Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains as Inoculants on the Microorganism Composition during Fermentation of Alfalfa Silage Containing Different Dry Matter Content
Black Sea Journal of Agriculture
https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1303220
Laktik Asit Bakteri İnokulasyonu Uygulanan Kuşkonmaz Bitkisinden Silo Yemi Olarak Yararlanma Olanakları
Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1225806
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