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Bitkilerin Düşük Sıcaklıklara Dayanımında Hücresel ve Moleküler Mekanizmalar

Year 2010, Volume: 41 Issue: 2, 157 - 167, 20.02.2013

Rafet Aslantaş Halil Karakurt Yaşar Karakurt

Abstract

Sıcaklık, yeryüzünde doğal bitki topluluklarının normal dağılışında etkili olan önemli bir belirleyici faktördür. Pek çok
bitki tür ve çeşidi, çoğu zaman genetik özellikleri çerçevesinde canlı kalabildikleri en düşük sınır derecelerindeki sıcaklıklarla karşı
karşıya kalmaktadır. Soğuğa dayanım sürecinde, bitkiler üşüme ve don stresi sonucu oluşabilecek zararlanmalardan veya
ölümlerden korunmak veya tolerans sağlamak için farklı mekanizmalar geliştirmektedirler. Bunlar; bitkilerde hücre içi ve hücreler
arası don oluşum sürecinin ekzotermik etkileri, don zararı sürecinde hücre membranlarında fiziksel değişimler, dona dayanım ve
soğuk aklimasyonu, soğuk aklimasyonu süresince biyokimyasal değişimler (bitki öz suyunda bulunan bazı çözülebilir
maddelerdeki, hücre membranlarının lipit bileşimindeki, protein miktarındaki, enzim aktivitesindeki, antioksidant sistemdeki, bitki
besin elementlerindeki değişimler gibi) olarak kategorize edilmektedir. Günümüzde soğuğa dayanım sürecinin genetik olarak da
açıklanabilmesi için moleküler düzeyde önemli çalışmalar yürütülmektedir. Bu orijinal derleme makalesinde, dünya üzerinde bitki
tür ve çeşitlerinin yetişmesinde en büyük sınırlayıcı faktör olan üşüme ve donma stresine karşı bitkilerin geliştirdiği savunma
mekanizmaları, bu süreçteki biyofiziksel ve biyokimyasal değişimler ile moleküler düzeydeki gelişmeler mevcut literatür dahilinde
açıklanmıştır.

Keywords

Bitki Üşüme ve Donma Soğuğa Dayanım Biyofiziksel ve Biyokimyasal Değişim

References

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  • Aslantaş, R., 1999. Erzincan Şartlarında yetiştirilen bazı badem (Amygdalus communis L.) çeşit/klon ve tiplerinin vejetatif ve generatif gelişme ile çiçek tomurcuklarının dona dayanım derecelerinin belirlenmesi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, 92s.
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  • Bates, L.S.,1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant Soil 39: 205-207.
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  • Crespi, M.D., Zabaleta, E.J., Pontis, H.G., Salerno, G.L., 1991. Sucrose synthase expression during cold acclimation in wheat. Plant Physiol., 96: 887-891.
  • Dalmannsdottır, S., Helgadottır, A., Gudleıfsson, B.E., 2001. Fatty acid and sugar content in white clower, in relation to frost tolerance and ice-encasement tolerance. Annals of Botany, 88: 753-759.
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Year 2010, Volume: 41 Issue: 2, 157 - 167, 20.02.2013

Rafet Aslantaş Halil Karakurt Yaşar Karakurt

Abstract

References

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  • Arora, R., Palta, J.P., 1991. A loss in plasma membrane ATPase activity and its recovery coincides with incipient freeze-thaw injury and post-thaw recovery in onion bulb scale tissue. Plant Physiol., 95:845-852.
  • Asada, K., 1992. Ascorbate peroxidase - a hydrogen peroxide- scavenging enzyme in plants. Physiol. Plant. 85: 235-241.
  • Aslantaş, R., 1999. Erzincan Şartlarında yetiştirilen bazı badem (Amygdalus communis L.) çeşit/klon ve tiplerinin vejetatif ve generatif gelişme ile çiçek tomurcuklarının dona dayanım derecelerinin belirlenmesi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, 92s.
  • Aslantaş, R., 2008. Bahçe Bitkilerinin dona dayanıklılık fizyolojisi. Atatürk Üniv. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Ders Notu, Erzurum.
  • Baek, S.H., Kwon, I.S., Park, T., Yun, S.J., Kim, J.K., Choi, K.G., 2000. Activities and isozyme profiles of antioxidant enzymes in intercellular compartment of overwintering barley leaves. J. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 33 (5): 385-390.
  • Baek, K.H., Skinner, D.Z., 2006. Differential expression of manganese superoxide dismutase sequence variants in near isogenic lines of wheat during cold acclimation. Plant Cell Rep., 25: 223-230.
  • Bates, L.S.,1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant Soil 39: 205-207.
  • Beck, E.H., Heim, R., Hansen, J., 2004. Plant resistance to cold stres: Mechanism and environmental signals triggering frost hardening and dehardening. J. Biosci., 29 (4): 449-459.
  • Bertrve, A., Pobitaille, G., Castonguay, Y., Nadaeau, P., Boutin, R., 1997. Changes in ABA and gene expression in cold- acclimated sugar maple. Tree Physiol., 17: 31-37.
  • Bolat, İ., 1995. The relationship between frost resistance and seasonal changes in carbohydrate contents in flower buds in apricot (Prunus armeniaca L. cvs Şalak and Tebereze). Acta Hort., 384: 183:187.
  • Burak, 1989. Marmara Bölgesi’nde yetiştirilen önemli bazı şeftali çeşitlerinin dona dayanımları üzerinde araştırmalar. Atatürk Bahçe Kültürleri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü (Doktora Tez Projesi), Yalova.
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  • Chen, H.H., Li, P.H., Brenner, M.L., 1983. Involvement of absisic acid in potato cold acclimation. Plant Physiol., 71: 362-365.
  • Crane, F.L., Sun, L.L., Barr, R., Low, H., 1991. Electron and proton transport across the plasma membrane. J. Bioenerg Biomembr 23: 773-803.
  • Crespi, M.D., Zabaleta, E.J., Pontis, H.G., Salerno, G.L., 1991. Sucrose synthase expression during cold acclimation in wheat. Plant Physiol., 96: 887-891.
  • Dalmannsdottır, S., Helgadottır, A., Gudleıfsson, B.E., 2001. Fatty acid and sugar content in white clower, in relation to frost tolerance and ice-encasement tolerance. Annals of Botany, 88: 753-759.
  • Del Rio, L.A., Palma, L.M., Sveolio, F.J., Corpas, G.M., Pastori, P., 1996. Peroxisomes as a source of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide and in stressed plants. Biochem. Soc. Trans., 24: 434-438.
  • Demirel, H., 1997. Erzincan Ovası’nda seçilen ve yetiştirilen bazı kayısı çeşitleri ve zerdali tiplerinin dona dayanımları üzerine bir araştırma. Atatürk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Doktora Tezi, Erzurum.
  • Dimler, R.J., Shaeter, N.C., Crist, J., 1952. Quantitive paper cromotography of D-Glucose and its Oligosuccharites. Anal. Chem., 24:1411-1414.
  • Ercişli, S., 2003. Relationship of seasonal changes in carbohydrates and cold hardiness in buds of two rose hip genotypes. Europ. J. Hort. Sci., 68 (2): 63-66.
  • Ertürk, Y., Güleryüz, M., 2007. Erzincan koşullarında bazı yerli ve yabancı kayısı çeşitlerinin düşük sıcaklıklara dayanım derecelerinin belirlenmesi. Tarım Bilimleri Derg., 13(2): 128-136.
  • Flurkey, W.H., 1986. Polyphenoloxidase in higher plants: immunological detection and analysis of in vitro translation products. Plant Physiol., 81(2):614–618.
  • Foyer, C.H., 1993. Ascorbic acid. LN Antioxidants in Higher Plants. RG. Alscher and J.L.Hess, eds. (Boca Raton, Ann Arbor, London, Tokyo: CRC Press), pp. 31-58.
  • Grene, R., 2002. Oxidative stres and acclimation mechanism in plants. American Society of Plant Biologists, The Arabidopsis Book, doi: 10.1119/tab.0036.1.
  • Guy, C.L., 1990. Cold acclimation and freezing stress tolerance: role of protein metabolism. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol., 41: 187-223.
  • Guy, C.L., Huber, J.L.A., Huber, S.C., 1992. Sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose accumulation at low temperature. Plant Physiol., 100:502-508.
  • Hausladen, A., Alscher, R.G., 1994a. Purification and characterization of glutathione reductase isozymes specific for the state of cold hardiness of Red Spruce. Plant Physiol., 105: 205-213.
  • Hausladen, A., Alscher, R.G., 1994b. Cold hardiness-specific glutathione reductase isozymnes in Red Spruce. Plant Physiol., 105: 215-223.
  • Havir, E.A., McHale, N.A., 1987. Regulation of Catalase Activity in Leaves of Nicotiana sylvestris by High CO2.Plant Physiol., 89(3): 952–957.
  • Howarth, C.J., Ougham, H.J., 1993. Gene expression under tempemture stress. New Phytol., 125: 1-26.
  • Iswari, S., Palta, J.P., 1989. Plasma membrane ATPase as a site of functional alteration during cold acclimation and freezing injury. IN Low Temperature Stress Physiology in Crops. PH. Li, ed. (Boca Raton: CRC press), pp. 123- 137.
  • Jia, Z., Deluca, C.L., Chao, H., Davies, P.L., 1996. Structural basis for binding of a globular antitifreeze protein to ice. Nature, 384: 285-288.
  • Kacar, B., 1972. Bitki ve Toprağın Kimyasal Analizleri II. Bitki Analizleri, Ankara Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Yayınları: 453, Ankara, s596.
  • Kendall, E.J., McKersie, B.D., 1989. Free radical and freezing injury to cell membranes of winter wheat. Physiol. Plant., 76:86-94.
  • Kocaçalışkan, İ., 2002. Bitki Fizyolojisi, DPU Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, 2. Baskı, Kütahya.
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There are 84 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language tr;en
Journal Section DERLEMELER
Authors

Rafet Aslantaş

Halil Karakurt This is me

Yaşar Karakurt This is me

Publication Date February 20, 2013
Published in Issue Year 2010 Volume: 41 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Aslantaş, R., Karakurt, H., & Karakurt, Y. (2013). Bitkilerin Düşük Sıcaklıklara Dayanımında Hücresel ve Moleküler Mekanizmalar. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 41(2), 157-167.
AMA Aslantaş R, Karakurt H, Karakurt Y. Bitkilerin Düşük Sıcaklıklara Dayanımında Hücresel ve Moleküler Mekanizmalar. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. February 2013;41(2):157-167.
Chicago Aslantaş, Rafet, Halil Karakurt, and Yaşar Karakurt. “Bitkilerin Düşük Sıcaklıklara Dayanımında Hücresel Ve Moleküler Mekanizmalar”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 41, no. 2 (February 2013): 157-67.
EndNote Aslantaş R, Karakurt H, Karakurt Y (February 1, 2013) Bitkilerin Düşük Sıcaklıklara Dayanımında Hücresel ve Moleküler Mekanizmalar. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 41 2 157–167.
IEEE R. Aslantaş, H. Karakurt, and Y. Karakurt, “Bitkilerin Düşük Sıcaklıklara Dayanımında Hücresel ve Moleküler Mekanizmalar”, Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 157–167, 2013.
ISNAD Aslantaş, Rafet et al. “Bitkilerin Düşük Sıcaklıklara Dayanımında Hücresel Ve Moleküler Mekanizmalar”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 41/2 (February 2013), 157-167.
JAMA Aslantaş R, Karakurt H, Karakurt Y. Bitkilerin Düşük Sıcaklıklara Dayanımında Hücresel ve Moleküler Mekanizmalar. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. 2013;41:157–167.
MLA Aslantaş, Rafet et al. “Bitkilerin Düşük Sıcaklıklara Dayanımında Hücresel Ve Moleküler Mekanizmalar”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 41, no. 2, 2013, pp. 157-6.
Vancouver Aslantaş R, Karakurt H, Karakurt Y. Bitkilerin Düşük Sıcaklıklara Dayanımında Hücresel ve Moleküler Mekanizmalar. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. 2013;41(2):157-6.

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