Determining The Effect Of Different Planting Densities On Yield And Quality In Summer Savory (Satureja hortensis L.)
Abstract
To determine the effect of different inter-row and intra-row spacings on the yield, yield components and quality characteristics of sater (Satureja hortensis L.), the field experiments were conducted in ESOGU, Agricultural Faculty using Randomized Complete Block design with split plot arrangement in 2014 and 2015. The experiments were replicated 3 times. The treatments included three inter row spacings (20, 40 and 60 cm) were randomized in the main plots and three intra-row spacings (10, 20 and 30 cm) randomized in the sub-plots. The effect of different inter-row and intra-row spacings on plant height, habitus diameter, fresh herb yield per plant, fresh leaf yield per plant, dry leaf yield per plant, dry leaf yield per hectare, essential oil content, essential oil yield and essential oil composition of summer savory was determined in these studies. Increasing plant density reduced both the yield components and yield of individual plants while increasing dry leaf and essential oil yield per unit area. İncreasing inter row and intra row sapacings resulted in significantly higher habitus diameter, fresh herb yield per plant, fresh leaf yield per plant, dry leaf yield per plant. The highest dry leaf yield per hectare (3.24 t ha-1) and essential oil yield per hectare (84.8 l ha-1) were obtained from plant density of 20 × 10 cm. The main components of essential oil samples were determined as carvacrol and γ-terpinene. These two main compounds constituted 80.92-85.49% of the total essential oil.
Keywords
essential oil content and composition planting densities quality summer savory Satureja hortensis L. yield.
References
- Mohammadpour, M., Ghasemnajad, A., Lebaschy, M.H., Abbaszadeh, B. & Azadbakht, M. (2013). Effects of sowing date and plant density on morphological characteristics and yield of summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Fall. 29(3), 621-634.
- Sifola, M.I. & Barbieri, G. (2006). Growth, yield and essential oil content of three cultivars of basil grown under different levels of nitrogen in the field. Scientia Horticulturae, 108(4), 408-413.
- Pourjavadian, A., Mehraban A., Ganjali, H.R. (2015). Influence of water stress and potassium fertilizer on some characteristics of Satureja hortensis. Biological Forum-An International Journal, 7(2), 619-621.
- El-Gohary, A., E El Gendy, A.G., Hendawy, S.F., El-Sherbeny, S.E., Hussein, M.S. & Geneva, M. (2015). Herbage yield, essential oil content and composition of summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.) as affected by sowing date and foliar nutrition. Genetics and Plant Physiology, 5(2), 170–178.
- Sefidkon, F., Abbasi, K. & Khaniki, G.B. (2006). Influence of drying and extraction methods on yield and chemical composition of the essential oil of Satureja hortensis. Food Chemistry, 99, 19-23.
- Mumivand, H., Babalar, M., Hadian, J. & Fakhr-Tabatabaei, M. (2011). Plant growth and essential oil content and composition of Satureja hortensis L. cv. Saturn in response to calcium carbonate and nitrogen application rates. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 5(10), 1859-1866.
- Khalid, A.K. & Aisha, M.A.A. (2017). Response of summer savory essential oil to the ascorbic acid under arid lands. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 20(6), 1502-1510.
- Zebib, B. & Merah, O. (2017). Satureja myrtifolia (Boiss. & Hohen.) Lebanese wild plant, as a resource of natural antioxidants. Trends in Phytochemical Research, 1(2), 103-108.
- Ozer, H. (2003). The effect of plant population densities on growth, yield and yield components of two spring rapeseed cultivars. Plant, Soil and Environment, 49(9), 422–426.
- Biesiada, A., Letowska, A.S. & Kucharska, A. (2008). The effect of nitrogen fertilization on yielding and antioxidant activity of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.). Acta Scientiarum Polonorum, Hortorum Cultus, 7(2), 33-40.
- Baloch, M.S., Shah, I.T.H., Nadim, M.A., Khan, M.I. & Khakwani, A.A. (2010). Effect of seeding density and planting time on growth and yield attributes of wheat. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 20(4), 239-240.
- Moosavi, G., Seghatoleslami, M., Ebrahimi, A., Fazeli, M. & Jouyban, Z. (2013). The Effect of nitrogen rate and plant density on morphological traits and essential oil yield of coriander. Journal of Ornamental and Horticultural Plants, 3(2), 95-103.
- Moosavi, S.G. (2014). Fennel morphological traits and yield as affected by sowing date and plant density. Advance in Agriculture and Biology, 2(1), 45-49.
- Reza Mohammadi, G., Eghbal Ghobadi, M. & Sheikheh-Poor, S. (2012). Phosphate biofertilizer, row spacing and plant density effects on corn (Zea mays L.) yield and weed growth. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 3, 425-429.
- Moniruzzaman, M., Rahman, M.M., Hossain, M.M., Sirajul Karim, A.J.M. & Khaliq, Q.A. (2015). Effect of sowıng dates and genotypes on the yield of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research, 40(1), 109-119.
- Katar, N. & Katar, D. (2020). Effect of different row spaces on yield and quality of Anise (Pimpinella anisum) under Eskişehir ecological conditions. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 13(3), 314-321. DOI: 10.46309/biodicon.2020.769561.
- Koocheki, A., Nassiri Mahallati, M. & Azizi, G. (2006). The effect of different irrigation intervals and plant densities on yield and yield components of two fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) landraces. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Researches, 4(1), 131-140.
- Ghobadi, M. & Ghobadi, M. (2012). Effects of late sowing on quality of coriander (Coriandrum sativum). World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 6, 340-348.
- Khazaei, H.R., Koocheki, A. & Hasanzadeh, F. (2009). Effect of summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.) density on essential oil yield to Persian clover (Trifolium resupinatum L.) intercropping. Planta Medica, 75(9), PJ179, DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1234984.
- Katar, N. (2015). Effects of different nitrogen doses on yield and quality characteristics of summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.) MS Thesis, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
- Katar, D., Arslan, Y., Subasi, İ. & Bulbul, A. (2011). Determination of Ontogenetic Variability of Essential Oil Content and Components in Summer Savory (Satureja hortensis L) in Ankara Ecological Conditions. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 8(2), 29-36.
- Inan, M., Kirici, S., Giray, E.S., Turk, M. & Taghikhani, H. (2014). Determination of suitable coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) cultivars for eastern mediterranean region. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 19(1), 1-6.
- Duzgunes, O., Kesici, T., Kavuncu, O. & Gurbuz, F. (1987). Research and Experiment Methods (statistical methods). Ankara University Faculty of Agriculture Publishing House, Ankara, Turkey.
Determining The Effect Of Different Planting Densities On Yield And Quality In Summer Savory (Satureja hortensis L.)
Abstract
The aim of the experiment was to detect divergent inter- and intra-row spacings on the yield, yield atttributing characteristics and quality characteristics of sater (Satureja hortensis L.). The experiments were conducted in experimental field of ESOGU, Agricultural Faculty using Randomized Complete Block design with split plot arrangement in 2014 and 2015. The experiments were replicated 3 times. The treatments included three inter row distances (20, 40 and 60 cm) were randomized in the main plots and three intra row distances (10, 20 and 30 cm) randomized in the sub-plots. The influence of various inter and intra row spacings on plant height, habitus diameter, fresh herb yield per plant, fresh leaf yield per plant, dry leaf yield per plant, dry leaf yield per hectare, volatile oil ratio, volatile oil yield and volatile oil composition of summer savory was determined in these experiments. Increasing plant density reduced both the yield components and yield of individual plants while increasing dry leaf and volatile oil yield per unit area. İncreasing inter row and intra row sapacings resulted in significantly higher habitus diameter, fresh herb yield per plant, fresh leaf yield per plant, dry leaf yield per plant. The highest dry leaf yield per hectare (3.24 t per hectare) and volatile oil yield per hectare (84,8 l per hectare) were obtained from plant density of 20 × 10 cm. The main compounds of volatile oil samples were carvacrol and γ-terpinene. These two main compounds constituted 80.92-85.49% of the total essential oil.
Keywords
essential oil content and composition planting densities quality summer savory Satureja hortensis L. yield.
References
- Mohammadpour, M., Ghasemnajad, A., Lebaschy, M.H., Abbaszadeh, B. & Azadbakht, M. (2013). Effects of sowing date and plant density on morphological characteristics and yield of summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Fall. 29(3), 621-634.
- Sifola, M.I. & Barbieri, G. (2006). Growth, yield and essential oil content of three cultivars of basil grown under different levels of nitrogen in the field. Scientia Horticulturae, 108(4), 408-413.
- Pourjavadian, A., Mehraban A., Ganjali, H.R. (2015). Influence of water stress and potassium fertilizer on some characteristics of Satureja hortensis. Biological Forum-An International Journal, 7(2), 619-621.
- El-Gohary, A., E El Gendy, A.G., Hendawy, S.F., El-Sherbeny, S.E., Hussein, M.S. & Geneva, M. (2015). Herbage yield, essential oil content and composition of summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.) as affected by sowing date and foliar nutrition. Genetics and Plant Physiology, 5(2), 170–178.
- Sefidkon, F., Abbasi, K. & Khaniki, G.B. (2006). Influence of drying and extraction methods on yield and chemical composition of the essential oil of Satureja hortensis. Food Chemistry, 99, 19-23.
- Mumivand, H., Babalar, M., Hadian, J. & Fakhr-Tabatabaei, M. (2011). Plant growth and essential oil content and composition of Satureja hortensis L. cv. Saturn in response to calcium carbonate and nitrogen application rates. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 5(10), 1859-1866.
- Khalid, A.K. & Aisha, M.A.A. (2017). Response of summer savory essential oil to the ascorbic acid under arid lands. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 20(6), 1502-1510.
- Zebib, B. & Merah, O. (2017). Satureja myrtifolia (Boiss. & Hohen.) Lebanese wild plant, as a resource of natural antioxidants. Trends in Phytochemical Research, 1(2), 103-108.
- Ozer, H. (2003). The effect of plant population densities on growth, yield and yield components of two spring rapeseed cultivars. Plant, Soil and Environment, 49(9), 422–426.
- Biesiada, A., Letowska, A.S. & Kucharska, A. (2008). The effect of nitrogen fertilization on yielding and antioxidant activity of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.). Acta Scientiarum Polonorum, Hortorum Cultus, 7(2), 33-40.
- Baloch, M.S., Shah, I.T.H., Nadim, M.A., Khan, M.I. & Khakwani, A.A. (2010). Effect of seeding density and planting time on growth and yield attributes of wheat. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 20(4), 239-240.
- Moosavi, G., Seghatoleslami, M., Ebrahimi, A., Fazeli, M. & Jouyban, Z. (2013). The Effect of nitrogen rate and plant density on morphological traits and essential oil yield of coriander. Journal of Ornamental and Horticultural Plants, 3(2), 95-103.
- Moosavi, S.G. (2014). Fennel morphological traits and yield as affected by sowing date and plant density. Advance in Agriculture and Biology, 2(1), 45-49.
- Reza Mohammadi, G., Eghbal Ghobadi, M. & Sheikheh-Poor, S. (2012). Phosphate biofertilizer, row spacing and plant density effects on corn (Zea mays L.) yield and weed growth. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 3, 425-429.
- Moniruzzaman, M., Rahman, M.M., Hossain, M.M., Sirajul Karim, A.J.M. & Khaliq, Q.A. (2015). Effect of sowıng dates and genotypes on the yield of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research, 40(1), 109-119.
- Katar, N. & Katar, D. (2020). Effect of different row spaces on yield and quality of Anise (Pimpinella anisum) under Eskişehir ecological conditions. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 13(3), 314-321. DOI: 10.46309/biodicon.2020.769561.
- Koocheki, A., Nassiri Mahallati, M. & Azizi, G. (2006). The effect of different irrigation intervals and plant densities on yield and yield components of two fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) landraces. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Researches, 4(1), 131-140.
- Ghobadi, M. & Ghobadi, M. (2012). Effects of late sowing on quality of coriander (Coriandrum sativum). World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 6, 340-348.
- Khazaei, H.R., Koocheki, A. & Hasanzadeh, F. (2009). Effect of summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.) density on essential oil yield to Persian clover (Trifolium resupinatum L.) intercropping. Planta Medica, 75(9), PJ179, DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1234984.
- Katar, N. (2015). Effects of different nitrogen doses on yield and quality characteristics of summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.) MS Thesis, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
- Katar, D., Arslan, Y., Subasi, İ. & Bulbul, A. (2011). Determination of Ontogenetic Variability of Essential Oil Content and Components in Summer Savory (Satureja hortensis L) in Ankara Ecological Conditions. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 8(2), 29-36.
- Inan, M., Kirici, S., Giray, E.S., Turk, M. & Taghikhani, H. (2014). Determination of suitable coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) cultivars for eastern mediterranean region. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 19(1), 1-6.
- Duzgunes, O., Kesici, T., Kavuncu, O. & Gurbuz, F. (1987). Research and Experiment Methods (statistical methods). Ankara University Faculty of Agriculture Publishing House, Ankara, Turkey.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Agricultural Engineering |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | April 14, 2022 |
| Publication Date | April 15, 2022 |
| Submission Date | October 20, 2021 |
| Acceptance Date | March 26, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022 Volume: 15 Issue: 1 |
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