Research Article
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Determination of Nutrient Values in Drying Citrus Pulp with Alternative Drying Methods

Year 2018, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 11 - 14, 01.01.2018

Abstract

The
present study was conducted to develop a drying technology for citrus (orange,
lemon and grapefruit) pulps by using scrubber heat source and determination of
nutrient values in dried citrus pulps. Scrubber heat source of a calcite
production plant was equipped for a drying system which by provided a dried
pulp production. Firstly, water content of pulps was reduced to approximately
12% by mechanical press centrifugation. The pulps were then transferred to the
vibrio-fluidizer fluid bed. After than pre-dried pulps transferred to rotary
drum dryer for three hours and total water content of the pulps was reduced to
approximately 8%. Chemical values of powder dried orange, lemon and grapefruit
pulps such as DM in the air (926.70, 885.30 and 774.00 g/kg), CP (31.50, 65.70
and 77.00 g/kg), CF (28.50, 12.30 and 14.60 g/kg), EE (204.40, 60.40 and 65.90
g/kg), ME Mcal/kg DM (1.584, 2.492 and 2.356), pH (6.94, 6.96 and 6.93) and
percentage of digestibility (61.32, 47.85 and 61.44%) were determined. In
conclude, citrus pulps could be used as re-cycled industrial feed in animal
nutrition by drying with scrubber heat source dryer. 

References

  • AOAC, 1998. Official Methods of Analysis. 16th Edition, AOAC International, Gaithersburg, MD.
  • Bampidis, V.A., Robinson, P.H. 2006. Citrus by-products as ruminant feeds: A review. Anim. Feed Sci. and Tech., 128:175-217.
  • Bhattacharya, A.N., Harb, M., 1973. Dried citrus pulp as a grain replacement for Awasi lambs. J. Anim. Sci. 36, 1175–1180.
  • Bueno, M.S., Ferrari Jr., E., Bianchini, D., Leinz, F.F., Rodrigues, C.F.C., 2002. Effect of replacing corn with dehydrated citrus pulp in diets of growing kids. Small Ruminant Res. 46, 179–185.
  • Hadjipanayiotou, M., Louka, A., 1976. A note on the value of dried citrus pulp and grape marc as barley replacements in calf fattening diets. Anim. Prod. 23, 129–132.
  • Henrique, W., Leme, P.R., Lanna, D.P.D., Coutinho-Filho, J.L.V., Peres, R.M., Justo, C.L., De Siqueira, P.A., Alleoni, G.F., 1998. Replacement of starch for pectin in diet with different concentrate levels. 1. Animal performance and carcass characteristics. Rev. Bras. Zootec. 27, 1206–1211.
  • Lanza, A., 1984. Dried citrus pulp in animal feeding. In: Holl´o, J. (Ed.), Proceedings of the International Symposium on Food Industries and the Environment. Budapest, Hungary. Elsevier Publishers, New York, NY, USA, pp. 189–198.
  • Leiva, E., Hall, M.B., Van Horn, H.H., 2000. Performance of dairy cattle fed citrus pulp or corn products as sources of neutral detergent-soluble carbohydrates. J. Dairy Sci. 83, 2866–2875.
  • MAFF, 1984. Energy Allowances and Feeding system for Ruminants. Ministry of Agriculturel, Fisheries and Food. Technical Bulletin 33. MEYED, 2008. Fruit Water Production and Consumption Statistics in Turkey from 2000 to 2007 (2000’den 2007’ye Türkiye’de Meyve Suyu Üretimi ve Tüketimi İstatistikleri). 4 Mevsim Meyve Suyu Dergisi, 2: 19-23.
  • NRC, (National Research Council). 2001. The Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle, 7th Revised Edition. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C.
  • SAS, 1996. User’s Guide: Statistics. Institute, Inc. Cary, NC, USA.
  • Schalch, F.J., Schalch, E., Zanetti, M.A., Brisola, M.L., 2001. Substitution of the corn grain ground by citric pulp in the early weaning of dairy calves. Rev. Bras. Zootec. 30, 280–285.
  • Van Soest, P.J., Robertson, J.B., Lewis, B.A., 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74, 3583–3597.
  • Vijchulata, P., Henry, P.R., Ammerman, C.B., Potter, S.G., Palmer, A.Z., Becker, H.N., 1980. Effect of dried citrus pulp and cage layer manure in combination with monensin on performance and tissue mineral composition in finishing steers. J. Anim. Sci. 50, 1022–1030.
Year 2018, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 11 - 14, 01.01.2018

Abstract

References

  • AOAC, 1998. Official Methods of Analysis. 16th Edition, AOAC International, Gaithersburg, MD.
  • Bampidis, V.A., Robinson, P.H. 2006. Citrus by-products as ruminant feeds: A review. Anim. Feed Sci. and Tech., 128:175-217.
  • Bhattacharya, A.N., Harb, M., 1973. Dried citrus pulp as a grain replacement for Awasi lambs. J. Anim. Sci. 36, 1175–1180.
  • Bueno, M.S., Ferrari Jr., E., Bianchini, D., Leinz, F.F., Rodrigues, C.F.C., 2002. Effect of replacing corn with dehydrated citrus pulp in diets of growing kids. Small Ruminant Res. 46, 179–185.
  • Hadjipanayiotou, M., Louka, A., 1976. A note on the value of dried citrus pulp and grape marc as barley replacements in calf fattening diets. Anim. Prod. 23, 129–132.
  • Henrique, W., Leme, P.R., Lanna, D.P.D., Coutinho-Filho, J.L.V., Peres, R.M., Justo, C.L., De Siqueira, P.A., Alleoni, G.F., 1998. Replacement of starch for pectin in diet with different concentrate levels. 1. Animal performance and carcass characteristics. Rev. Bras. Zootec. 27, 1206–1211.
  • Lanza, A., 1984. Dried citrus pulp in animal feeding. In: Holl´o, J. (Ed.), Proceedings of the International Symposium on Food Industries and the Environment. Budapest, Hungary. Elsevier Publishers, New York, NY, USA, pp. 189–198.
  • Leiva, E., Hall, M.B., Van Horn, H.H., 2000. Performance of dairy cattle fed citrus pulp or corn products as sources of neutral detergent-soluble carbohydrates. J. Dairy Sci. 83, 2866–2875.
  • MAFF, 1984. Energy Allowances and Feeding system for Ruminants. Ministry of Agriculturel, Fisheries and Food. Technical Bulletin 33. MEYED, 2008. Fruit Water Production and Consumption Statistics in Turkey from 2000 to 2007 (2000’den 2007’ye Türkiye’de Meyve Suyu Üretimi ve Tüketimi İstatistikleri). 4 Mevsim Meyve Suyu Dergisi, 2: 19-23.
  • NRC, (National Research Council). 2001. The Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle, 7th Revised Edition. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C.
  • SAS, 1996. User’s Guide: Statistics. Institute, Inc. Cary, NC, USA.
  • Schalch, F.J., Schalch, E., Zanetti, M.A., Brisola, M.L., 2001. Substitution of the corn grain ground by citric pulp in the early weaning of dairy calves. Rev. Bras. Zootec. 30, 280–285.
  • Van Soest, P.J., Robertson, J.B., Lewis, B.A., 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74, 3583–3597.
  • Vijchulata, P., Henry, P.R., Ammerman, C.B., Potter, S.G., Palmer, A.Z., Becker, H.N., 1980. Effect of dried citrus pulp and cage layer manure in combination with monensin on performance and tissue mineral composition in finishing steers. J. Anim. Sci. 50, 1022–1030.
There are 14 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Gökhan Filik

Hasan Rüştü Kutlu This is me

Publication Date January 1, 2018
Submission Date November 8, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 1 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Filik, G., & Kutlu, H. R. (2018). Determination of Nutrient Values in Drying Citrus Pulp with Alternative Drying Methods. Black Sea Journal of Agriculture, 1(1), 11-14.

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