Research Article
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Effect of the Timing of Fungicide Application on Yield and Quality Parameters of Wheat Infected with Fusarium Crown Rot Disease

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 113 - 120, 15.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1398334

Abstract

Crown rot caused by Fusarium culmorum (FCR) is a common and important pathogen affecting the cereal industry through grain yield and quality losses. In this study, the effects of epoxiconazole plus prochloraz application and several other applications on disease severity and grain quality parameters including thousand-grain weight (TGW), grain yield (GY), protein (GP), Zeleny sedimentation (ZS), wet gluten (WG) and Grain index (GI), were assessed. The efficacy of epoxiconazole plus prochloraz, were determined in the T1 (ZGS25), T2 (ZGS34), and T3 (ZGS45) growth stages of winter wheat with seven alternative spray programs. These programs were based on (i) the application (SF) of seed fungicide to infected seeds (ii) control without fungicide (non-SF) and (iii) three different growth stages of wheat. The interaction between seed fungicide applied and fungicide application time was significant (P≤0.01) for DS, ZS, and WG. The effectiveness regarding the disease severity, TGW, and GY of epoxiconazole plus prochloraz in relation to FCR wheat showed significant (P≤0.01) changes depending on the application time. The disease severity resulted in lower T1-T2 (9.66%) and T1-T2-T3 (9.91%) stages than the other stages. The highest yields were obtained when the fungicide was applied twice at the T1-T2 stages. DS/TGW and DS/GY were negatively correlated and TGW/GY was positively correlated in SF.

Ethical Statement

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Supporting Institution

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Project Number

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Thanks

The authors would like to thank Prof. Dr. Oğuz Bilgin and Assoc. Prof. Alpay Balkan from the Field Crop Department of the Agricultural Faculty of Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University for their contributions to the field experiment, as well as Emin Sukut (deceased wheat grower) and Hasan Sukut (wheat grower) for their contributions to fungicide application tests in both the seed and wheat growth stages.

References

  • AACC 2000. Approved methods of the american association of cereal chemists. Methods 38-12 and 46-13, tenth ed. American Association of Cereal Chemists, St. Paul, MN, Newyork, USA, pp: 423.
  • Abdallah-Nekache N, Laraba I, Ducos C, Barreau C, Bouznad Z, Boureghda H. 2019. Occurrence of Fusarium head blight and Fusarium crown rot in Algerian wheat: identification of associated species and assessment of aggressiveness. European J Plant Pathol, 154: 499-512.
  • Akgül DS, Erkılıç A. 2016. Effect of wheat cultivars, fertilizers, and fungicides on Fusarium foot rot disease of wheat. Turkish J Agriculture and Forestry, 40(1): 101-108.
  • Arslan U, Baykal N. 2002. Reactions of some wheat cultivars against root and crown rot fungal pathogens and efficacy of seed protectant fungicides to Fusarium culmorum (WG Sm) Sacc. J Faculty Agricul Uludag University, 16: 69-76.
  • Backhouse D, Abubakar AA, Burgess LW, Dennis JI, Hollaway GJ, Wildermuth GB, Wallwork J, Henry FJ. 2004. Survey of Fusarium species associated with crown rot of wheat and barley in eastern Australia. Australas. Plant Pathol, 33: 255-261.
  • Balmas V, Scherm B, Marcello A, Beyer M, Hoffmann L, Migheli Q, Pasquali M. 2015. Fusarium species and chemotypes associated with Fusarium head blight and Fusarium root rot on wheat in Sardinia. Plant Pathol, 64(4): 972–979.
  • Balmas VG, Delogu S, Sposito D. Rau D, Migheli Q. 2006. Use of complexation of tebuconazole with β-cyclodextrin for controlling foot and crown rot of durum wheat incited by Fusarium culmorum. J Agri Food Chemist, 54(2): 480-484.
  • Beccari G, Covarelli L, Nicholson P. 2011. Infection processes and soft wheat response to root rot and crown rot caused by Fusarium culmorum. Plant Pathol, 60(4), 671-684.
  • Blandino M, Pilati A, Reyneri A. 2009. Effect of foliar treatments to durum wheat on flag leaf senescence, grain yield, quality and deoxynivalenol contamination in North Italy. Field Crops Res. 114(2): 214-222.
  • Burgess LW, Backhouse DBA, Summerell BA, Swan LJ. 2001. Crown rot in wheat-chapter 20. BA. Summerell JF, Leslie D, Backhouse WL. Bryden LW, Burgess (Eds.), 2001. Fusarium – Paul E Nelson Memorial Symposium, APS Press, the American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN.
  • Cook RJ. 2010. Fusarium root, crown, and foot rots and associated seedling diseases. Compendium of wheat diseases and pests, 3: 37-39.
  • Cook, R.J 1992. Wheat root health management and environmental concern. Can. J Plant Pathol, 14(1): 76-85.
  • Correia L, Pereira L, Matera T, Pereira R, Suzukawa A, Santos R, Braccini A. 2020. Accessing the relevance of tests for estimating the physiological quality of wheat grains. Plant, Soil, and Environ. 66(9), 477-482.
  • Dawson WAJM, Bateman GL. 2000. Sensitivity of fungi from cereal roots to fluquinconazole and their suppressiveness towards take‐all on plants with or without fluquinconazole seed treatment in a controlled environment. Plant Pathol, 49(4): 477-486.
  • Demirci F, Dane E. 2003. Identification and pathogenicity of fusarium spp. from stem bases of winter wheat in Erzurum, Turkey. Phytoparasitica. 31(2): 170-173.
  • Demirci F, Maden S. 2006. Effects of triazole fungicides on germination and emergence of wheat seeds. J Agricul Scien, 12(2): 144-150.
  • Dimmock JPRE, Gooding MJ. 2002. The effects of fungicides on Hagberg falling number and blackpoint in winter wheat. Crop Protec, 21(6): 475-487.
  • El Jarroudi M, Kouadio L, Junk J, Beyer M, Pasquali M, Bock M, Delfosse CH. 2015. Do single, double or triple fungicide sprays differentially affect the grain quality in winter wheat? Field Crops Res. 183: 257-266.
  • Evans ML, Hollaway GJ, Dennis JI, Corell R, Wallwork H. 2010. Crop sequence as a tool for managing populations of Fusarium pseudograminearum and F. culmorum in south-eastern Australia. Australas. Plant Pathol, 39: 376-382.
  • Finlay GJ, Bullock PR, Sapirstein HD, Naeem HA, Hussain A, Angadi SV, Depauw RM. 2007. Genotypic and environmental variation in grain, flour, dough, and bread-making characteristics of western Canadian spring wheat. Can J Plant Scien, 87: 679–690.
  • Gebremariam SE, D. Sharma-Poudyal D, Paulitz TC, Erginbas-Orakci G, Karakaya A, Dababat AA. 2018. Identity and pathogenicity of Fusarium species associated with crown rot on wheat (Triticum spp.) in Turkey. Eur J Plant Pathol, 150(2): 87-399.
  • Gooding MJ, Dimmock JPRE, France J, Jones SA. 2000. Green leaf area decline of wheat flag leaves: the influence of fungicides and relationships with mean grain weight and grain yield. Annals App Biol, 136(1): 77-84.
  • Grausgruber H, Oberforster MM, Werteker P, Ruckenbauer J, Vollmann J. 2000. Stability of quality in Austrian-grown winter wheats. Field Crops Res, 66: 257–267.
  • Hekimhan H, Boyraz N. 2011. Identification of pathogens of fungal diseases caused root and crown rot on wheat fields in Trakya region. Selcuk J Agricul Food Scien, 25(3): 25-34.
  • Hudec K. 2007. Pathogenicity of fungi associated with wheat and barley seedling emergence and fungicide efficacy of seed treatment. Biologia, 62: 287-291.
  • ICC 1972. ICC Standart Method 166/1: Determination of the sedimentation value (according to Zeleny) as an approximate measure of baking quality. URL: https: //icc.or.at/store/116-1-determination-of-sedimentation-value-according-to-zeleny-as-an-approximate-measure-of-baking-quality-pdf (accessed date: 17 April, 2023).
  • ICC 1994. ICC Standard No 155: Determination of wet gluten quantity and quality (gluten index according to Perten) of whole wheat meal and wheat flour. URL: https: //icc.or.at/publications/icc-standards/standards-overview/155-standard-method (accessed date: 17 April, 2023).
  • ICC 1995. ICC Standard No 159: Determination of protein by near infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy. URL: https: //icc.or.at/publications/icc-standards/standards-overview/159-standard-method#: ~: text=159%20Determination%20of%20Protein%20by%20Near%20Infrared%20Reflectance%20(NIR)%20Spectroscopy,-Print&text=Scope%3A%20This%20method%20is%20applicable,the%20laboratory%20and%20on%2Dline. (accessed date: 17 April, 2023).
  • Klix MB, Beyer M, Verreet JA. 2008. Effects of cultivar, agronomic practices, geographic location, and meteorological conditions on the composition of selected Fusarium species on wheat heads. Can J Plant Pathol, 30(1): 46-57.
  • Köycü N. 2021. The Effect of Fusarium head blight on wheat quality parameters: change after fungicide applicates in ınfected-spikes. J Institute Scien Tech, 11(Special Issue): 3455-3464.
  • Köycü ND, Özer N. 2019. Determination of resistance in some wheat cultivars against Fusarium spp. isolates in Trakya Region. KSU. J Agricul Nature, 22(4): 498-505.
  • Köycü ND. 2018. Effect on Fusarium culmorum of fungicides used in wheat seed. International Congres on Engineering and Life Science. 26-29 April Kastamonu/Turkey, Book full manuscript. 593-601.
  • Köycü ND. 2022. Effect of fungicides on spike characteristics in winter wheat inoculated with Fusarium culmorum. Food Addit Contam Part A, 39(5): 1001-1008.
  • Köycü, ND, Sukut F. 2018. Effect of unregistered fungicides to Fusarium culmorum on wheat. J Tekirdag Agricul Faculty, 15(2): 26-35.
  • Martin RA. 2005. Efficacy of fungicide seed treatments on control of Septoria leaf blotch and Fusarium head blight, and on yield of spring wheat. Pest Management Research Report; Guelph, (Canada): Agriculture and Agri-Food, Ottava, Canada, pp: 296–297.
  • May WE, Fernandez MR, Lafond GP. 2010. Effect of fungicide seed treatments on the emergence, development, and grain yield of Fusarium graminearum-infected wheat and barley seed under field conditions. Can J Plant Scien. 90: 893–904.
  • Montanari A, Innocenti G, Toderi G. 2006. Effects of cultural management on the foot and root disease complex of durum wheat. J. Plant Pathol, 88: 149-156.
  • Özdemir F. 2022. Host Susceptibility of CIMMYT’s International spring wheat lines to crown and root rot caused by Fusarium culmorum and F. pseudograminearum. Agronomy, 12(12): 3038.
  • Pariyar SR., Dababat AA, Nicol JM, Erginbas-Orakci G, Goll MB, Watrin C, Sikora R. 2014. Fungicide seed treatment and host resistance for the management of wheat crown rot caused by Fusarium culmorum. Basic Res J Agricul Science Rev, 3(9): 116-121.
  • Rodrigo S, Cuello-Hormigo B, Gomes C, Santamaria O, Costa R, Poblaciones MJ. 2015. Influence of fungicide treatments on disease severity caused by Zymoseptoria tritici, and on grain yield and quality parameters of bread-making wheat under Mediterranean conditions. Eur J Plant Pathol, 141(1): 99-109.
  • Samar PV, Pathak VN, Verma OP. 2019. Interrelationship between yield and its contributing traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Int J Current Microbiol Applied Scien, 8: 3209–3215.
  • Schaafsma AW, Tamburic-Ilincic L. 2005. Effect of seeding rate and seed treatment fungicides on agronomic performance, Fusarium head blight symptoms, and DON accumulation in two winter wheat. Plant Dis, 89: 1109–1113
  • Scherm B, Balmas V, Spanu F, Pani G, Delogu G, Pasquali M, Migheli Q. 2013. Fusarium culmorum: Causal agent of foot and root rot and head blight on wheat. Mol Plant Pathol, 14(4): 323-341.
  • Schmidt M, Zannini E, Arendt EK. 2017. Impact of post-harvest degradation of wheat gluten proteins by Fusarium culmorum on the resulting bread quality. Eur Food Res Tech 243: 1609-1618.
  • Smiley RW, Gourlie JA, Easley SA, Patterson LM, Wittaker LG. 2005. Crop damage estimates for crown rot of wheat and barley in the Pacific Northwest. Plant Dis. 89: 595–604.
  • Spanic V, Cosic J, Zdunic Z, Drezner G. 2021. Characterization of agronomical and quality traits of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) for Fusarium head blight pressure in different environments. Agronomy, 11(2): 213.
  • Sukut F, Köycü ND. 2019. Effects of triazole and strobilurin-based fungicides on Fusarium culmorum on wheat. J. Agricul Scien, 11(5): 16-22.
  • Tok FM, Arslan M. 2016. Distribution and genetic chemotyping of Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium culmorum populations in wheat fields in the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. Biotech Equip, 30(2): 254-260.
  • Townsend GK, Heuberger JW. 1943. Methods for Estimating Losses Caused by Diseases in Fungicide Experiments. Plant Dis Report, 27: 340-343.
  • Tunalı B, Nicol JM, Hadson D, Uçkun Z, Büyük O, Erdurmuş D, Hekimhan H, Aktaş H, Akbudak MA, Bağcı SA. 2008. Root and crown rot fungi associated with spring, facultative and winter wheat in Turkey. Plant Dis, 92: 1299-1306.
  • Tunali B., Nicol JM, Yelda-Erol F, Altıparmak G. 2006. Pathogenicity of Turkish crown and head scab isolates on stem bases on winter wheat under greenhouse conditions. Plant Pathol, 5: 143–149.
  • Wang J, WieserH, Pawelzik E, Weiner J, Keutgen AJ, Wolf A. 2005. Impact of the fungal protease produced by Fusarium culmorum on the protein quality and breadmaking properties of winter wheat. Eur Food Res Technol, 220: 552–559.
  • Wildermuth GB, McNamara RB. 1994. Testing wheat seedlings for resistance to crown rot caused by Fusarium graminearum Group 1. Plant Dis. 78: 949-953.
  • Zadoks JC, Chang TT, Konzak CF. 1974. A decimal code for the growth stages of cereals. Weed Res, 14: 415–421.
Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 113 - 120, 15.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1398334

Abstract

Project Number

no

References

  • AACC 2000. Approved methods of the american association of cereal chemists. Methods 38-12 and 46-13, tenth ed. American Association of Cereal Chemists, St. Paul, MN, Newyork, USA, pp: 423.
  • Abdallah-Nekache N, Laraba I, Ducos C, Barreau C, Bouznad Z, Boureghda H. 2019. Occurrence of Fusarium head blight and Fusarium crown rot in Algerian wheat: identification of associated species and assessment of aggressiveness. European J Plant Pathol, 154: 499-512.
  • Akgül DS, Erkılıç A. 2016. Effect of wheat cultivars, fertilizers, and fungicides on Fusarium foot rot disease of wheat. Turkish J Agriculture and Forestry, 40(1): 101-108.
  • Arslan U, Baykal N. 2002. Reactions of some wheat cultivars against root and crown rot fungal pathogens and efficacy of seed protectant fungicides to Fusarium culmorum (WG Sm) Sacc. J Faculty Agricul Uludag University, 16: 69-76.
  • Backhouse D, Abubakar AA, Burgess LW, Dennis JI, Hollaway GJ, Wildermuth GB, Wallwork J, Henry FJ. 2004. Survey of Fusarium species associated with crown rot of wheat and barley in eastern Australia. Australas. Plant Pathol, 33: 255-261.
  • Balmas V, Scherm B, Marcello A, Beyer M, Hoffmann L, Migheli Q, Pasquali M. 2015. Fusarium species and chemotypes associated with Fusarium head blight and Fusarium root rot on wheat in Sardinia. Plant Pathol, 64(4): 972–979.
  • Balmas VG, Delogu S, Sposito D. Rau D, Migheli Q. 2006. Use of complexation of tebuconazole with β-cyclodextrin for controlling foot and crown rot of durum wheat incited by Fusarium culmorum. J Agri Food Chemist, 54(2): 480-484.
  • Beccari G, Covarelli L, Nicholson P. 2011. Infection processes and soft wheat response to root rot and crown rot caused by Fusarium culmorum. Plant Pathol, 60(4), 671-684.
  • Blandino M, Pilati A, Reyneri A. 2009. Effect of foliar treatments to durum wheat on flag leaf senescence, grain yield, quality and deoxynivalenol contamination in North Italy. Field Crops Res. 114(2): 214-222.
  • Burgess LW, Backhouse DBA, Summerell BA, Swan LJ. 2001. Crown rot in wheat-chapter 20. BA. Summerell JF, Leslie D, Backhouse WL. Bryden LW, Burgess (Eds.), 2001. Fusarium – Paul E Nelson Memorial Symposium, APS Press, the American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN.
  • Cook RJ. 2010. Fusarium root, crown, and foot rots and associated seedling diseases. Compendium of wheat diseases and pests, 3: 37-39.
  • Cook, R.J 1992. Wheat root health management and environmental concern. Can. J Plant Pathol, 14(1): 76-85.
  • Correia L, Pereira L, Matera T, Pereira R, Suzukawa A, Santos R, Braccini A. 2020. Accessing the relevance of tests for estimating the physiological quality of wheat grains. Plant, Soil, and Environ. 66(9), 477-482.
  • Dawson WAJM, Bateman GL. 2000. Sensitivity of fungi from cereal roots to fluquinconazole and their suppressiveness towards take‐all on plants with or without fluquinconazole seed treatment in a controlled environment. Plant Pathol, 49(4): 477-486.
  • Demirci F, Dane E. 2003. Identification and pathogenicity of fusarium spp. from stem bases of winter wheat in Erzurum, Turkey. Phytoparasitica. 31(2): 170-173.
  • Demirci F, Maden S. 2006. Effects of triazole fungicides on germination and emergence of wheat seeds. J Agricul Scien, 12(2): 144-150.
  • Dimmock JPRE, Gooding MJ. 2002. The effects of fungicides on Hagberg falling number and blackpoint in winter wheat. Crop Protec, 21(6): 475-487.
  • El Jarroudi M, Kouadio L, Junk J, Beyer M, Pasquali M, Bock M, Delfosse CH. 2015. Do single, double or triple fungicide sprays differentially affect the grain quality in winter wheat? Field Crops Res. 183: 257-266.
  • Evans ML, Hollaway GJ, Dennis JI, Corell R, Wallwork H. 2010. Crop sequence as a tool for managing populations of Fusarium pseudograminearum and F. culmorum in south-eastern Australia. Australas. Plant Pathol, 39: 376-382.
  • Finlay GJ, Bullock PR, Sapirstein HD, Naeem HA, Hussain A, Angadi SV, Depauw RM. 2007. Genotypic and environmental variation in grain, flour, dough, and bread-making characteristics of western Canadian spring wheat. Can J Plant Scien, 87: 679–690.
  • Gebremariam SE, D. Sharma-Poudyal D, Paulitz TC, Erginbas-Orakci G, Karakaya A, Dababat AA. 2018. Identity and pathogenicity of Fusarium species associated with crown rot on wheat (Triticum spp.) in Turkey. Eur J Plant Pathol, 150(2): 87-399.
  • Gooding MJ, Dimmock JPRE, France J, Jones SA. 2000. Green leaf area decline of wheat flag leaves: the influence of fungicides and relationships with mean grain weight and grain yield. Annals App Biol, 136(1): 77-84.
  • Grausgruber H, Oberforster MM, Werteker P, Ruckenbauer J, Vollmann J. 2000. Stability of quality in Austrian-grown winter wheats. Field Crops Res, 66: 257–267.
  • Hekimhan H, Boyraz N. 2011. Identification of pathogens of fungal diseases caused root and crown rot on wheat fields in Trakya region. Selcuk J Agricul Food Scien, 25(3): 25-34.
  • Hudec K. 2007. Pathogenicity of fungi associated with wheat and barley seedling emergence and fungicide efficacy of seed treatment. Biologia, 62: 287-291.
  • ICC 1972. ICC Standart Method 166/1: Determination of the sedimentation value (according to Zeleny) as an approximate measure of baking quality. URL: https: //icc.or.at/store/116-1-determination-of-sedimentation-value-according-to-zeleny-as-an-approximate-measure-of-baking-quality-pdf (accessed date: 17 April, 2023).
  • ICC 1994. ICC Standard No 155: Determination of wet gluten quantity and quality (gluten index according to Perten) of whole wheat meal and wheat flour. URL: https: //icc.or.at/publications/icc-standards/standards-overview/155-standard-method (accessed date: 17 April, 2023).
  • ICC 1995. ICC Standard No 159: Determination of protein by near infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy. URL: https: //icc.or.at/publications/icc-standards/standards-overview/159-standard-method#: ~: text=159%20Determination%20of%20Protein%20by%20Near%20Infrared%20Reflectance%20(NIR)%20Spectroscopy,-Print&text=Scope%3A%20This%20method%20is%20applicable,the%20laboratory%20and%20on%2Dline. (accessed date: 17 April, 2023).
  • Klix MB, Beyer M, Verreet JA. 2008. Effects of cultivar, agronomic practices, geographic location, and meteorological conditions on the composition of selected Fusarium species on wheat heads. Can J Plant Pathol, 30(1): 46-57.
  • Köycü N. 2021. The Effect of Fusarium head blight on wheat quality parameters: change after fungicide applicates in ınfected-spikes. J Institute Scien Tech, 11(Special Issue): 3455-3464.
  • Köycü ND, Özer N. 2019. Determination of resistance in some wheat cultivars against Fusarium spp. isolates in Trakya Region. KSU. J Agricul Nature, 22(4): 498-505.
  • Köycü ND. 2018. Effect on Fusarium culmorum of fungicides used in wheat seed. International Congres on Engineering and Life Science. 26-29 April Kastamonu/Turkey, Book full manuscript. 593-601.
  • Köycü ND. 2022. Effect of fungicides on spike characteristics in winter wheat inoculated with Fusarium culmorum. Food Addit Contam Part A, 39(5): 1001-1008.
  • Köycü, ND, Sukut F. 2018. Effect of unregistered fungicides to Fusarium culmorum on wheat. J Tekirdag Agricul Faculty, 15(2): 26-35.
  • Martin RA. 2005. Efficacy of fungicide seed treatments on control of Septoria leaf blotch and Fusarium head blight, and on yield of spring wheat. Pest Management Research Report; Guelph, (Canada): Agriculture and Agri-Food, Ottava, Canada, pp: 296–297.
  • May WE, Fernandez MR, Lafond GP. 2010. Effect of fungicide seed treatments on the emergence, development, and grain yield of Fusarium graminearum-infected wheat and barley seed under field conditions. Can J Plant Scien. 90: 893–904.
  • Montanari A, Innocenti G, Toderi G. 2006. Effects of cultural management on the foot and root disease complex of durum wheat. J. Plant Pathol, 88: 149-156.
  • Özdemir F. 2022. Host Susceptibility of CIMMYT’s International spring wheat lines to crown and root rot caused by Fusarium culmorum and F. pseudograminearum. Agronomy, 12(12): 3038.
  • Pariyar SR., Dababat AA, Nicol JM, Erginbas-Orakci G, Goll MB, Watrin C, Sikora R. 2014. Fungicide seed treatment and host resistance for the management of wheat crown rot caused by Fusarium culmorum. Basic Res J Agricul Science Rev, 3(9): 116-121.
  • Rodrigo S, Cuello-Hormigo B, Gomes C, Santamaria O, Costa R, Poblaciones MJ. 2015. Influence of fungicide treatments on disease severity caused by Zymoseptoria tritici, and on grain yield and quality parameters of bread-making wheat under Mediterranean conditions. Eur J Plant Pathol, 141(1): 99-109.
  • Samar PV, Pathak VN, Verma OP. 2019. Interrelationship between yield and its contributing traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Int J Current Microbiol Applied Scien, 8: 3209–3215.
  • Schaafsma AW, Tamburic-Ilincic L. 2005. Effect of seeding rate and seed treatment fungicides on agronomic performance, Fusarium head blight symptoms, and DON accumulation in two winter wheat. Plant Dis, 89: 1109–1113
  • Scherm B, Balmas V, Spanu F, Pani G, Delogu G, Pasquali M, Migheli Q. 2013. Fusarium culmorum: Causal agent of foot and root rot and head blight on wheat. Mol Plant Pathol, 14(4): 323-341.
  • Schmidt M, Zannini E, Arendt EK. 2017. Impact of post-harvest degradation of wheat gluten proteins by Fusarium culmorum on the resulting bread quality. Eur Food Res Tech 243: 1609-1618.
  • Smiley RW, Gourlie JA, Easley SA, Patterson LM, Wittaker LG. 2005. Crop damage estimates for crown rot of wheat and barley in the Pacific Northwest. Plant Dis. 89: 595–604.
  • Spanic V, Cosic J, Zdunic Z, Drezner G. 2021. Characterization of agronomical and quality traits of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) for Fusarium head blight pressure in different environments. Agronomy, 11(2): 213.
  • Sukut F, Köycü ND. 2019. Effects of triazole and strobilurin-based fungicides on Fusarium culmorum on wheat. J. Agricul Scien, 11(5): 16-22.
  • Tok FM, Arslan M. 2016. Distribution and genetic chemotyping of Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium culmorum populations in wheat fields in the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. Biotech Equip, 30(2): 254-260.
  • Townsend GK, Heuberger JW. 1943. Methods for Estimating Losses Caused by Diseases in Fungicide Experiments. Plant Dis Report, 27: 340-343.
  • Tunalı B, Nicol JM, Hadson D, Uçkun Z, Büyük O, Erdurmuş D, Hekimhan H, Aktaş H, Akbudak MA, Bağcı SA. 2008. Root and crown rot fungi associated with spring, facultative and winter wheat in Turkey. Plant Dis, 92: 1299-1306.
  • Tunali B., Nicol JM, Yelda-Erol F, Altıparmak G. 2006. Pathogenicity of Turkish crown and head scab isolates on stem bases on winter wheat under greenhouse conditions. Plant Pathol, 5: 143–149.
  • Wang J, WieserH, Pawelzik E, Weiner J, Keutgen AJ, Wolf A. 2005. Impact of the fungal protease produced by Fusarium culmorum on the protein quality and breadmaking properties of winter wheat. Eur Food Res Technol, 220: 552–559.
  • Wildermuth GB, McNamara RB. 1994. Testing wheat seedlings for resistance to crown rot caused by Fusarium graminearum Group 1. Plant Dis. 78: 949-953.
  • Zadoks JC, Chang TT, Konzak CF. 1974. A decimal code for the growth stages of cereals. Weed Res, 14: 415–421.
There are 54 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Agricultural Engineering (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Nagehan Desen Köycü 0000-0003-2511-6096

Füsun Sukut 0009-0004-1488-0085

Project Number no
Early Pub Date January 29, 2024
Publication Date March 15, 2024
Submission Date December 6, 2023
Acceptance Date January 4, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 7 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Köycü, N. D., & Sukut, F. (2024). Effect of the Timing of Fungicide Application on Yield and Quality Parameters of Wheat Infected with Fusarium Crown Rot Disease. Black Sea Journal of Agriculture, 7(2), 113-120. https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1398334

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