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Doğal yaşamdaki kaplumbağa ve kirpilerin kenelerinde zoonotik Borrelia burgdorferi sl. ve Rickettsia spp. varlığı

Year 2011, Volume: 1 Issue: 3, 166 - 170, 31.01.2014

Abstract

Amaç: Keneler tarafından bulaştırılan Riketsioz ve Borelyoz önemli zoonotik hastalıklardır. Çalışmada bu hastalıkların etkenleri Trakya yöresinde doğal alanlarda saptanan kaplumbağa ve kirpilerden toplanan kenelerde araştırılmıştır.
Yöntem: Toplam 438 kene larva, nimf ve erişkini nested-PCR yöntemi ile etkenler yönünden taranmıştır. 
Bulgular: Oluşturulan 28 örnek grubundan 8 tanesi sadece Rickettsia spp., 2 tanesi de Rickettsia spp. ve Borrelia burgdorferi sl. ile enfekte bulunmuştur. Kirpilerden toplanan kenelerde sadece Rickettsia spp. pozitifliği saptanmıştır. 
Sonuç: Çalışmanın sonuçları, doğal yaşamdaki kaplumbağa ve kirpilerin zoonotic hastalıklar açısından dikkate alınması ve izlenmesi gereğini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler : Borrelia burgdorferi sl., Rickettsia spp., kaplumbağa, kirpi, Türkiye, Zoonoz

References

  • Jongejan F, Uilenberg G. The global importance of ticks. Parasitol. 2004;129:3-14.
  • Fournier PE, Raoult D. Current knowledge on phylogeny and taxonomy of Rickettsia spp. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2009;1166:1-11.
  • Gillespie JJ, Williams K, Shukla M, Snyder EE, Nordberg EK, Ceraul SM et al. Rickettsia phylogenomics: unwinding the intricacies of obligate intracellular life. PLoS One. 2008; 3(4): 2018.
  • Socolovschi C, Mediannikov O, Raoult D, Parola P. The relationship between spotted fever group Rickettsiae and Ixodid ticks. Vet Res. 2009; 40:34-50.
  • Piesman J, Gern L. Lyme borreliosis in Europe and North America. Parasitol. 2004; 129:191-220.
  • Rizzoli A, Hauffe HC, Carpi G, Vourc’h GI, Neteler M, Rosà R. Lyme borreliosis in Europe. Euro Surveill. 2011; 16(27):1-8.
  • Nefedova VV, Korenberg EI, Gorelova NB, Kovalevskii YV. Studies on the transovarial transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in the taiga tick Ixodes persulcatus. Folia Parasitol (Praha). 2004; 51(1):67-71.
  • Apanaskevich DA. To diagnostics of Hyalomma aegyptium (Acari: Ixodidae). Parazitologiya. 2003; 37:47-59.
  • Walker AR, Bouattour A, Camicas JL, Estrada-Peña A, Horak IG, Latif AA et al. Ticks of domestic animals in Africa. A guide to identification of species. Bioscience Reports, Scotland, UK. 2003
  • Sparagano O, Allsopp MTEP, Mank RA, Rijpkema SGT, Figuerova JV, Jongejan F. Molecular detection of pathogen DNA in ticks (Acari:Ixodidae). Exp Appl Acarol. 1999; 23:929-960.
  • Blanco JR, Oteo JA. Rickettsiosis in Europe. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2006; 1078:26-33.
  • Paddock CD. The science and fiction of emerging rickettsioses. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2009; 1166:133-143.
  • Tekin A, Gözalan A, Çöplü N, Yılmaz G, Köksal İ, Esen B, Ertek M. The seropositivity and risk factors for rickettsial infections in selected areas from Black Sea Region of Turkey. Dicle Med J. 2010 37(3):204- 210.
  • Vural T, Ergin Ç, Kurşun AE. Antalya yöresinde Rickettsia conorii antikorlarının araştırılması. Mikrobiyol Bült. 1995; 29:370–374.
  • Kuloglu F, Rolain JM, Aydoslu B, Akata F, Tugrul M, Raoult D. Prospective evaluation of rickettsioses in the Trakya (European) region of Turkey and atypic presentations of Rickettsia conorii. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006; 1078:173-175.
  • Aydın L. Güney Marmara Bölgesinde görülen kene türleri ve yayılışları. T Parazitol Derg. 2000; 24(1):194-200.
  • Aydın L, Yıldırımhan HS, Uğurtaş İH. Marmara Bölgesi’ndeki bazı kertenkele ve kaplumbağa türlerinde kenelerin (Ixodidae) yaygınlığı. T Parazitol Derg. 2002; 26:84-86.
  • Aysul N, Kar S, Yılmazer N, Alp HG, Gargılı A. Trakya Yöresi’ndeki kaplumbağalarda (Testudo graeca) Hyalomma aegyptium (Lineaus, 1758)’un yaygınlığı. Pendik Vet Mikrobiol Derg. 2010; 37(1):53-56.
  • Siroky P, Petrzekova KJ, Kamler M, Mihalca AD, Modry D. Hyalomma aegyptium as dominant tick in tortoises of the genus Testudo in Balkan countries, with notes on its host preference. Exp Appl Acarol. 2006; 40:279-290.
  • Apanaskevich DA. Host–parasite relationships of the genus Hyalomma Koch (Acari, Ixodidae) and their connection with microevolutionary processes (in Russian). Parazitologiya. 2004; 38:515-523.
  • Gargılı A, Kar S, Yılmazer N, Cerit Ç, Sönmez G, Şahin F, Alp H, Vatansever Z. Evaluation of ticks biting humans in Thrace Province, Turkey. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2010; 16(Suppl-A):141-146.
  • Gargılı A, Kar S, Yılmazer N, Ergönül Ö, Vatansever Z. Different abundances of human-biting ticks in two neighboring provinces in Turkey. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2011; 17(Suppl A):93-97.
  • Bitam I, Kernif T, Harrat Z, Parola P, Raoult D. First detection of Rickettsia aeschlimannii in Hyalomma aegyptium from Algeria. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2009; 15(2):253-254.
  • Široký P, Kubelová M, Modrý D, Erhart J, Literák I, Špitalská E, Kocianová E. Tortoise tick Hyalomma aegyptium as long term carrier of Q fever agent Coxiella burnetii-evidence from experimental infection. Parasitol Res. 2010; 107:1515-1520.
  • Brianti E, Dantas-Torres F, Giannetto S, Risitano A, Brucato G, Gaglio G, Otranto D. Risk for the introduction of exotic ticks and pathogens into Italy through the illegal importation of tortoises, Testudo graeca. Med Vet Entomol. 2010; 24:336-339.
  • Gern L, Rouvinez E, Toutoungi LN, Godfroid E. Transmission cycles of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato involving Ixodes ricinus and/or I. hexagonus ticks and the European hedgehog, Erinaceus europaeus, in suburban and urban areas in Switzerland. Folia Parasitol (Praha). 1997; 44:309-314.
  • Labuda M, Randolph SE. Survival strategy of tick-borne encephalitis virus: cellular basis and environmental determinants. Zentralbl Bakteriol. 1999; 289:513-524.
  • Skuballa J, Petney T, Pfaeffle M, Taraschewski H. Molecular detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in the European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) and its ticks. Vector Borne Zoonot Dis. 2010; 10(10):1055-1057.
  • Skuballa J, Oehme R, Hartelt K, Petney T, Bücher T, Kimmig P, Taraschewski H. European hedgehogs as hosts for Borrelia spp., Germany. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007; 13(6):952-953.
  • Şen E. Lyme hastalığının epidemiyolojisi. Türk Mikrobiol Cem Derg. 2006; 36(1):55-66.
  • Bayındır Y: Boreliyoz. Zoonozlar: Hayvandan İnsanlara Bulaşan Enfeksiyonlar. M. Doğanay, N. Altıntaş (eds). İzmir. Bilimsel Tıp Yayınevi. 2009; 71-83.
  • Guner ES, Hashimoto N, Takada N, Kaneda K, Imai Y, Masuzawa T. First isolation and characterization of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains from Ixodes ricinus ticks in Turkey. J Med Microbiol. 2003; 52:807-813.
  • Gargılı A, Midilli K, Ergin S, Şengöz G, Derviş E, Estrada Pena A. First record of Borrelia spielmani in Turkey. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2009; 16 (Suppl-A):167-169.
  • Guner ES, Watanabe M, Kadosaka T, Polat E, Gargılı A, Gülanber A. Seroepidemiology of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in wild mice captured in northern Turkey. Epidemiol Infect. 2005; 133:331-336.

Presence of the zoonotic borrelia Burgdorferi sl. and Rickettsia spp. in the ticks from wild tortoises and hedgehogs

Year 2011, Volume: 1 Issue: 3, 166 - 170, 31.01.2014

Abstract

Objective: Rickettsiosis and borreliosis are two important tick- borne diseases. The presence of causative agents of these diseases was investigated in ticks collected from wild tortoises and hedgehogs in Thrace region of Turkey.
Method: A total of 438 ticks of all life stages were screened for Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. and Rickettsia spp., by employing nested PCR. 
Results: Of 28 pools of tortoise ticks, eigth pools gave positive results for only Rickettsia spp., while two pools for both Rickettsia spp. and B. burgodferi s.l. No pathogen was detected in four pools of hedgehog ticks, but one pool including I. ricinus nymphs was positive for Rickettsia spp. 
Conclusion: The study revealed once again that tortoises and hedgehogs should be taken into account in terms of zoonotic diseases.

Key words: Borrelia burgdorferi sl., Rickettsia spp., tortoise, hedgehog, Turkey, Zoonosis

References

  • Jongejan F, Uilenberg G. The global importance of ticks. Parasitol. 2004;129:3-14.
  • Fournier PE, Raoult D. Current knowledge on phylogeny and taxonomy of Rickettsia spp. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2009;1166:1-11.
  • Gillespie JJ, Williams K, Shukla M, Snyder EE, Nordberg EK, Ceraul SM et al. Rickettsia phylogenomics: unwinding the intricacies of obligate intracellular life. PLoS One. 2008; 3(4): 2018.
  • Socolovschi C, Mediannikov O, Raoult D, Parola P. The relationship between spotted fever group Rickettsiae and Ixodid ticks. Vet Res. 2009; 40:34-50.
  • Piesman J, Gern L. Lyme borreliosis in Europe and North America. Parasitol. 2004; 129:191-220.
  • Rizzoli A, Hauffe HC, Carpi G, Vourc’h GI, Neteler M, Rosà R. Lyme borreliosis in Europe. Euro Surveill. 2011; 16(27):1-8.
  • Nefedova VV, Korenberg EI, Gorelova NB, Kovalevskii YV. Studies on the transovarial transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in the taiga tick Ixodes persulcatus. Folia Parasitol (Praha). 2004; 51(1):67-71.
  • Apanaskevich DA. To diagnostics of Hyalomma aegyptium (Acari: Ixodidae). Parazitologiya. 2003; 37:47-59.
  • Walker AR, Bouattour A, Camicas JL, Estrada-Peña A, Horak IG, Latif AA et al. Ticks of domestic animals in Africa. A guide to identification of species. Bioscience Reports, Scotland, UK. 2003
  • Sparagano O, Allsopp MTEP, Mank RA, Rijpkema SGT, Figuerova JV, Jongejan F. Molecular detection of pathogen DNA in ticks (Acari:Ixodidae). Exp Appl Acarol. 1999; 23:929-960.
  • Blanco JR, Oteo JA. Rickettsiosis in Europe. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2006; 1078:26-33.
  • Paddock CD. The science and fiction of emerging rickettsioses. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2009; 1166:133-143.
  • Tekin A, Gözalan A, Çöplü N, Yılmaz G, Köksal İ, Esen B, Ertek M. The seropositivity and risk factors for rickettsial infections in selected areas from Black Sea Region of Turkey. Dicle Med J. 2010 37(3):204- 210.
  • Vural T, Ergin Ç, Kurşun AE. Antalya yöresinde Rickettsia conorii antikorlarının araştırılması. Mikrobiyol Bült. 1995; 29:370–374.
  • Kuloglu F, Rolain JM, Aydoslu B, Akata F, Tugrul M, Raoult D. Prospective evaluation of rickettsioses in the Trakya (European) region of Turkey and atypic presentations of Rickettsia conorii. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006; 1078:173-175.
  • Aydın L. Güney Marmara Bölgesinde görülen kene türleri ve yayılışları. T Parazitol Derg. 2000; 24(1):194-200.
  • Aydın L, Yıldırımhan HS, Uğurtaş İH. Marmara Bölgesi’ndeki bazı kertenkele ve kaplumbağa türlerinde kenelerin (Ixodidae) yaygınlığı. T Parazitol Derg. 2002; 26:84-86.
  • Aysul N, Kar S, Yılmazer N, Alp HG, Gargılı A. Trakya Yöresi’ndeki kaplumbağalarda (Testudo graeca) Hyalomma aegyptium (Lineaus, 1758)’un yaygınlığı. Pendik Vet Mikrobiol Derg. 2010; 37(1):53-56.
  • Siroky P, Petrzekova KJ, Kamler M, Mihalca AD, Modry D. Hyalomma aegyptium as dominant tick in tortoises of the genus Testudo in Balkan countries, with notes on its host preference. Exp Appl Acarol. 2006; 40:279-290.
  • Apanaskevich DA. Host–parasite relationships of the genus Hyalomma Koch (Acari, Ixodidae) and their connection with microevolutionary processes (in Russian). Parazitologiya. 2004; 38:515-523.
  • Gargılı A, Kar S, Yılmazer N, Cerit Ç, Sönmez G, Şahin F, Alp H, Vatansever Z. Evaluation of ticks biting humans in Thrace Province, Turkey. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2010; 16(Suppl-A):141-146.
  • Gargılı A, Kar S, Yılmazer N, Ergönül Ö, Vatansever Z. Different abundances of human-biting ticks in two neighboring provinces in Turkey. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2011; 17(Suppl A):93-97.
  • Bitam I, Kernif T, Harrat Z, Parola P, Raoult D. First detection of Rickettsia aeschlimannii in Hyalomma aegyptium from Algeria. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2009; 15(2):253-254.
  • Široký P, Kubelová M, Modrý D, Erhart J, Literák I, Špitalská E, Kocianová E. Tortoise tick Hyalomma aegyptium as long term carrier of Q fever agent Coxiella burnetii-evidence from experimental infection. Parasitol Res. 2010; 107:1515-1520.
  • Brianti E, Dantas-Torres F, Giannetto S, Risitano A, Brucato G, Gaglio G, Otranto D. Risk for the introduction of exotic ticks and pathogens into Italy through the illegal importation of tortoises, Testudo graeca. Med Vet Entomol. 2010; 24:336-339.
  • Gern L, Rouvinez E, Toutoungi LN, Godfroid E. Transmission cycles of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato involving Ixodes ricinus and/or I. hexagonus ticks and the European hedgehog, Erinaceus europaeus, in suburban and urban areas in Switzerland. Folia Parasitol (Praha). 1997; 44:309-314.
  • Labuda M, Randolph SE. Survival strategy of tick-borne encephalitis virus: cellular basis and environmental determinants. Zentralbl Bakteriol. 1999; 289:513-524.
  • Skuballa J, Petney T, Pfaeffle M, Taraschewski H. Molecular detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in the European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) and its ticks. Vector Borne Zoonot Dis. 2010; 10(10):1055-1057.
  • Skuballa J, Oehme R, Hartelt K, Petney T, Bücher T, Kimmig P, Taraschewski H. European hedgehogs as hosts for Borrelia spp., Germany. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007; 13(6):952-953.
  • Şen E. Lyme hastalığının epidemiyolojisi. Türk Mikrobiol Cem Derg. 2006; 36(1):55-66.
  • Bayındır Y: Boreliyoz. Zoonozlar: Hayvandan İnsanlara Bulaşan Enfeksiyonlar. M. Doğanay, N. Altıntaş (eds). İzmir. Bilimsel Tıp Yayınevi. 2009; 71-83.
  • Guner ES, Hashimoto N, Takada N, Kaneda K, Imai Y, Masuzawa T. First isolation and characterization of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains from Ixodes ricinus ticks in Turkey. J Med Microbiol. 2003; 52:807-813.
  • Gargılı A, Midilli K, Ergin S, Şengöz G, Derviş E, Estrada Pena A. First record of Borrelia spielmani in Turkey. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2009; 16 (Suppl-A):167-169.
  • Guner ES, Watanabe M, Kadosaka T, Polat E, Gargılı A, Gülanber A. Seroepidemiology of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in wild mice captured in northern Turkey. Epidemiol Infect. 2005; 133:331-336.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Sırrı Kar

Nadim Yılmazer This is me

Kenan Midilli This is me

Sevgi Ergin This is me

Hatice Alp This is me

Ayşen Gargılı This is me

Publication Date January 31, 2014
Submission Date November 3, 2013
Published in Issue Year 2011 Volume: 1 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Kar, S., Yılmazer, N., Midilli, K., Ergin, S., et al. (2014). Doğal yaşamdaki kaplumbağa ve kirpilerin kenelerinde zoonotik Borrelia burgdorferi sl. ve Rickettsia spp. varlığı. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 1(3), 166-170.
AMA Kar S, Yılmazer N, Midilli K, Ergin S, Alp H, Gargılı A. Doğal yaşamdaki kaplumbağa ve kirpilerin kenelerinde zoonotik Borrelia burgdorferi sl. ve Rickettsia spp. varlığı. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. January 2014;1(3):166-170.
Chicago Kar, Sırrı, Nadim Yılmazer, Kenan Midilli, Sevgi Ergin, Hatice Alp, and Ayşen Gargılı. “Doğal yaşamdaki kaplumbağa Ve Kirpilerin Kenelerinde Zoonotik Borrelia Burgdorferi Sl. Ve Rickettsia Spp. Varlığı”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 1, no. 3 (January 2014): 166-70.
EndNote Kar S, Yılmazer N, Midilli K, Ergin S, Alp H, Gargılı A (January 1, 2014) Doğal yaşamdaki kaplumbağa ve kirpilerin kenelerinde zoonotik Borrelia burgdorferi sl. ve Rickettsia spp. varlığı. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 1 3 166–170.
IEEE S. Kar, N. Yılmazer, K. Midilli, S. Ergin, H. Alp, and A. Gargılı, “Doğal yaşamdaki kaplumbağa ve kirpilerin kenelerinde zoonotik Borrelia burgdorferi sl. ve Rickettsia spp. varlığı”, Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 166–170, 2014.
ISNAD Kar, Sırrı et al. “Doğal yaşamdaki kaplumbağa Ve Kirpilerin Kenelerinde Zoonotik Borrelia Burgdorferi Sl. Ve Rickettsia Spp. Varlığı”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 1/3 (January 2014), 166-170.
JAMA Kar S, Yılmazer N, Midilli K, Ergin S, Alp H, Gargılı A. Doğal yaşamdaki kaplumbağa ve kirpilerin kenelerinde zoonotik Borrelia burgdorferi sl. ve Rickettsia spp. varlığı. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2014;1:166–170.
MLA Kar, Sırrı et al. “Doğal yaşamdaki kaplumbağa Ve Kirpilerin Kenelerinde Zoonotik Borrelia Burgdorferi Sl. Ve Rickettsia Spp. Varlığı”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, vol. 1, no. 3, 2014, pp. 166-70.
Vancouver Kar S, Yılmazer N, Midilli K, Ergin S, Alp H, Gargılı A. Doğal yaşamdaki kaplumbağa ve kirpilerin kenelerinde zoonotik Borrelia burgdorferi sl. ve Rickettsia spp. varlığı. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2014;1(3):166-70.

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