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Changes in penetration resistance of a clay field with organic waste applications

Year 2012, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 16 - 21, 01.03.2012

Abstract

Effects of manure (M), hazelnut husk (HH), tobacco (TW) and tea (TEW) wastes on penetration resistance (PR) values in a clay field were determined after 8 months of organic wastes were incorporated into soil at four different rates (0, 2, 4 and 6 %) in a randomized plot design with three replicates. While bulk density (BD), relative saturation (RS) and PR values decreased, mean weight diameter (MWD), total porosity (F), gravimetric water (W) and organic matter (OM) contents of the clay soil increased with increasing the application rates of organic wastes. While the lowest PR (0.72 MPa) was determined in the highest application rate of HH which had the highest C:N ratio, the highest PR (1.72 MPa) was in the control. According to the control treatment, decreases in mean values of PR by the organic waste applications were in the following order; HH (52.10%) > TEW (42.07%) > TOW (30.73%) > M (25.17 %). PR values gave significant negative correlations with F (-0.551**), W (-0.439**) and MWD (-0.509**), and significant positive correlations with BD (0.550**) and RS (0.374*). Total porosity showed the highest direct effect (62.39%) on PR. The higher indirect effects of the other properties on PR were also obtained via F. Applications of the same doses of different organic wastes had different effects on the PR values with changing the structure of clay soil due to their C:N ratios.

References

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  • Arshad, M.A., Lowery, B., Grossman, B., 1996. Physical tests for monitoring soil quality. In: Doran, J.W., Jones, A.J. (Eds.), Methods for Assessing Soil Quality, SSSA Special Publication, vol. 49. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, USA, pp. 123–141.
  • Barzegar, A.R., Oades, J.M., Rengasamy, P., 1996. Soil structure degradation and mellowing of compacted soils by saline-sodic solutions. Soil Science Society America Journal 60, 583-588.
  • Baumgart, Th., Horn, R., 1991. Effect of aggregate stability on soil compaction. Soil and Tillage Research 19, 203-213.
  • Bradford, J.M. 1986. Penetrability. Pages 463-478 in A. Klute, ed. Methods of Soil Analysis, 2nd ed. Part I. ASA, Madison, WI.
  • Busscher, W.J., Bauer, P.J., 2003. Soil strength, cotton root growth and lint yield in a southeastern USA coastal loamy sand. Soil and Tillage Research 74, 151–159,
  • Canarache, A., 1990. Penetr: a generalized semi-empirical model estimating soil resistance to penetration. Soil and Tillage Research 16, 51–70.
  • Candemir, F., Gülser, C. 2011. Effects of different agricultural wastes on some soil quality indexes at clay and loamy sand fields. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 42(1), 13-28.
  • Castrignanö, A., M. Maiorana, F. Fornaro, Lopez, N., 2002. 3D spatial variability of soil strength and its change over time in a drum wheat field in southern Italy. Soil and Tillage Research 65, 95-108.
  • Demiralay, I., 1993. Soil physical analysis. Ataturk Univ. Agric. Fac. Pub. No:143, Erzurum.
  • Dexter, A.R. 2004. Soil physical quality Part I. Theory, effects of soil texture, density, and organic matter, and effects on root growth. Geoderma 120, 201-214.
  • Gülser, C., 2004. A Comparision of Some Physical and Chemical Soil Quality Indicators Influenced by Different Crop Species. Pakistan Journal of Biological Science 7(6), 905-911.
  • Gülser, C. 2006. Effect of forage cropping treatments on soil structure and relationships with fractal dimensions. Geoderma 131, 33-44.
  • Gülser, C., Ekberli, I, Candemir, F., Demir, Z., 2011. İşlenmiş bir toprakta Penetrasyon direncinin Konumsal Değişimi. Prof.Dr. Nuri Munsuz, Ulusal Toprak ve Su Sempozyumu, 25-27 Mayıs, Ankara, p:244-250.
  • Gupta, S.C., Dowdy, R.H. and Larson, W.E., 1977. Hydraulic and Thermal Properties of a Sandy Soil as Influenced by Incorporation of Sewage Sludge. Soil Science Society America Journal 41, 601-605.
  • Hakansson, I., Voorhees, W.B., Riley, H., 1988. Vehicle and Wheel factors influencing soil compaction and crop response in different traffic regimes. Soil and Tillage Research 11, 239–282.
  • Hamza, M.A., Anderson, W.K., 2005. Soil compaction in cropping systems A review of the nature, causes and possible solutions. Soil and Tillage Research 82, 121-145.
  • İç, S., Gülser, C.,2008. Tütün Atığının Farklı Bünyeli Toprakların Bazı Kimyasal ve Fiziksel Özelliklerine Etkisi. OMÜ Ziraat Fak. Dergisi, 23(2), 104-109.
  • Kacar, B., 1994. Chemical analysis of plant and soil analysis. Ankara Univ. Faculty of Agriculture Publication No. 3 Ankara.
  • Kemper, W.D., Rosenau, R.C., 1986. Aggregate stability and size distribution. Pages 425-442 in A. Klute, ed. Methods of Soil Analysis, 2nd ed. Part I. ASA, Madison, WI.
  • Marinari, S., Masciandar, G., Ceccanti, B. and Grego, S., 2000. Influence of Organic and Mineral Fertilizers on Soil Biological and Physical Properties. Bioresource Technology 72, 9-17.
  • O’Sullivan, M.F., Diskon, J.W., Campell, D.J., 1987. Interpretaion and presentaiton of cone resistance data in tillage and traffic studies. Journal of Soil Science 38, 137-148.
  • Soane, B.D., 1990. The role of organic matter in soil compactibility: a review of some practical aspects. Soil and Tillage Research 16, 179-201.
  • Soil Survey Staff, 1993. Soil Survey Manuel. USDA Handbook No:18 Washington.
  • Usowics, B., Lipiec, J., 2009. Spatial distribution of soil penetration resistance as affected by soil compaction: The fractal approach. Ecological Complexity 6, 263-271.
  • Veronese-Junior, V., Carvalho, M.P., Dafonte, J., Freddi, O.S., Vidal V´azquez, E., and Ingaramo, O.E., 2006. Spatial variability of soil water content and mechanical resistance of Brazilian ferralsol, Soil and Tillage Research 85, 166–177.
  • Yurtsever, N., 1984. Experimental statistical methods. T.C. Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Pub. No: 121.
Year 2012, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 16 - 21, 01.03.2012

Abstract

References

  • Anikwe, M.A.N., 2000. Amelioration of a Heavy Clay Loam Soil with Rice Husk Dust and its Effect on Soil Physical Properties and Maize Yield. Bioresource Technology 74, 169-173.
  • Arshad, M.A., Lowery, B., Grossman, B., 1996. Physical tests for monitoring soil quality. In: Doran, J.W., Jones, A.J. (Eds.), Methods for Assessing Soil Quality, SSSA Special Publication, vol. 49. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, USA, pp. 123–141.
  • Barzegar, A.R., Oades, J.M., Rengasamy, P., 1996. Soil structure degradation and mellowing of compacted soils by saline-sodic solutions. Soil Science Society America Journal 60, 583-588.
  • Baumgart, Th., Horn, R., 1991. Effect of aggregate stability on soil compaction. Soil and Tillage Research 19, 203-213.
  • Bradford, J.M. 1986. Penetrability. Pages 463-478 in A. Klute, ed. Methods of Soil Analysis, 2nd ed. Part I. ASA, Madison, WI.
  • Busscher, W.J., Bauer, P.J., 2003. Soil strength, cotton root growth and lint yield in a southeastern USA coastal loamy sand. Soil and Tillage Research 74, 151–159,
  • Canarache, A., 1990. Penetr: a generalized semi-empirical model estimating soil resistance to penetration. Soil and Tillage Research 16, 51–70.
  • Candemir, F., Gülser, C. 2011. Effects of different agricultural wastes on some soil quality indexes at clay and loamy sand fields. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 42(1), 13-28.
  • Castrignanö, A., M. Maiorana, F. Fornaro, Lopez, N., 2002. 3D spatial variability of soil strength and its change over time in a drum wheat field in southern Italy. Soil and Tillage Research 65, 95-108.
  • Demiralay, I., 1993. Soil physical analysis. Ataturk Univ. Agric. Fac. Pub. No:143, Erzurum.
  • Dexter, A.R. 2004. Soil physical quality Part I. Theory, effects of soil texture, density, and organic matter, and effects on root growth. Geoderma 120, 201-214.
  • Gülser, C., 2004. A Comparision of Some Physical and Chemical Soil Quality Indicators Influenced by Different Crop Species. Pakistan Journal of Biological Science 7(6), 905-911.
  • Gülser, C. 2006. Effect of forage cropping treatments on soil structure and relationships with fractal dimensions. Geoderma 131, 33-44.
  • Gülser, C., Ekberli, I, Candemir, F., Demir, Z., 2011. İşlenmiş bir toprakta Penetrasyon direncinin Konumsal Değişimi. Prof.Dr. Nuri Munsuz, Ulusal Toprak ve Su Sempozyumu, 25-27 Mayıs, Ankara, p:244-250.
  • Gupta, S.C., Dowdy, R.H. and Larson, W.E., 1977. Hydraulic and Thermal Properties of a Sandy Soil as Influenced by Incorporation of Sewage Sludge. Soil Science Society America Journal 41, 601-605.
  • Hakansson, I., Voorhees, W.B., Riley, H., 1988. Vehicle and Wheel factors influencing soil compaction and crop response in different traffic regimes. Soil and Tillage Research 11, 239–282.
  • Hamza, M.A., Anderson, W.K., 2005. Soil compaction in cropping systems A review of the nature, causes and possible solutions. Soil and Tillage Research 82, 121-145.
  • İç, S., Gülser, C.,2008. Tütün Atığının Farklı Bünyeli Toprakların Bazı Kimyasal ve Fiziksel Özelliklerine Etkisi. OMÜ Ziraat Fak. Dergisi, 23(2), 104-109.
  • Kacar, B., 1994. Chemical analysis of plant and soil analysis. Ankara Univ. Faculty of Agriculture Publication No. 3 Ankara.
  • Kemper, W.D., Rosenau, R.C., 1986. Aggregate stability and size distribution. Pages 425-442 in A. Klute, ed. Methods of Soil Analysis, 2nd ed. Part I. ASA, Madison, WI.
  • Marinari, S., Masciandar, G., Ceccanti, B. and Grego, S., 2000. Influence of Organic and Mineral Fertilizers on Soil Biological and Physical Properties. Bioresource Technology 72, 9-17.
  • O’Sullivan, M.F., Diskon, J.W., Campell, D.J., 1987. Interpretaion and presentaiton of cone resistance data in tillage and traffic studies. Journal of Soil Science 38, 137-148.
  • Soane, B.D., 1990. The role of organic matter in soil compactibility: a review of some practical aspects. Soil and Tillage Research 16, 179-201.
  • Soil Survey Staff, 1993. Soil Survey Manuel. USDA Handbook No:18 Washington.
  • Usowics, B., Lipiec, J., 2009. Spatial distribution of soil penetration resistance as affected by soil compaction: The fractal approach. Ecological Complexity 6, 263-271.
  • Veronese-Junior, V., Carvalho, M.P., Dafonte, J., Freddi, O.S., Vidal V´azquez, E., and Ingaramo, O.E., 2006. Spatial variability of soil water content and mechanical resistance of Brazilian ferralsol, Soil and Tillage Research 85, 166–177.
  • Yurtsever, N., 1984. Experimental statistical methods. T.C. Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Pub. No: 121.
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Coşkun Gülser

Feride Candemir This is me

Publication Date March 1, 2012
Published in Issue Year 2012 Volume: 1 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Gülser, C., & Candemir, F. (2012). Changes in penetration resistance of a clay field with organic waste applications. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, 1(1), 16-21.