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Bazı Terellia serratulae (L., 1758) grup (Diptera: Tephritidae) türlerinde geometrik morfometrik analiz temelli kanat şekil analizi

Year 2021, Volume: 45 Issue: 3, 295 - 304, 01.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.852947

Abstract

Tephritidae (meyve sinekleri) 200’den fazla zararlı türü içeren en önemli sinek familyalarından bir tanesidir. Bu familyadaki bazı türler yüksek seviyede benzerlik içerir ve morfolojik olarak ayrımları zordur. Bu çalışmada, Terellia fuscicornis (Loew, 1844), Terellia nigripalpis Hendel, 1927 ve Terellia serratulae (L., 1758) türlerini ayırt etmek için, kanat resimleri kullanılarak landmark tabanlı geometrik morfometrik analizi, Terellia (sensu stricto) serratulae grubunun üç üyesi üzerine uygulandı. Çalışmada kullanılan T. fuscicornis, T. nigripalpis ve T. serratulae bireyleri Türkiye’nin üç ilinden (İzmir, Kahramanmaraş ve Adıyaman) 2016 ve 2018 yılları arasında toplanmıştır. On beş landmark kullanılarak uygulanan geometrik morfometrik analiz, her bir türün kanat şekillerinde önemli farklılıklar olduğunu göstermiş ve türleri başarılı bir şekilde farklı gruplara ayırmıştır. Kanat şekillerine dayalı CVA (kanonikal varyete analizi) sonuçları, taksonomik olarak üç farklı türün varlığını güçlü bir şekilde desteklemektedir. Kanat şekli, Terelllia’nın üç türünü 87% üzerinde doğrulukla ayırt etmiş ve tekrar teşhislerin doğrulamaları yüksek bulunmuştur. Son olarak, landmark temelli geometrik morfometrik analizin Terellia türlerini tanımlamak için güçlü bir araç olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

References

  • Bookstein, F. L., 1991. Morphometric Tools for Landmark Data: Geometry and Biology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 435 pp.
  • Cann, J. V., M. Virgilio, K. Jordaens & M. De Meyer, 2015. Wing morphometrics as a possible tool for the diagnosis of the Ceratitis fasciventris, C. anonae, C. rosa complex (Diptera, Tephritidae). ZooKeys, 540: 489-506.
  • Dryden, I. L. & K. V. Mardia, 1998. Statistical Shape Analysis. John Wiley and Sons, UK, 496 pp.
  • Freidberg, A. & J. Kugler, 1989. Fauna Palaestina Insecta IV. Diptera: Tephritidae. Israel at Keterpress Enterprises, Jerusalem, 212 pp.
  • Görmez, V., 2011. Kahramanmaraş Ili Meyve Sinekleri (Diptera:Tephritidae) Faunası ve Sistematiği Üzerine Araştırmalar. Gaziantep Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, (Unpublished) MSc Tezi, Gaziantep, Türkiye, 211 s (in Turkish with abstract in English).
  • Haddad, S. G., C. A. Smith, M. S. Al-Zein & K. M. Knio, 2017. Genetic and morphometric variations in the Lebanese populations of the flower-head-infesting fruit fly, Terellia serratulae (Diptera: Tephritidae). The Canadian Entomologist, 149 (1): 73-88.
  • Headrick, D. H. & R. D. Goeden, 1998. The biology of nonfrugivorous tephritid fruit flies. Annual Review of Entomology, 43 (1): 217-241.
  • Hendel, F., 1927. “Trypetidae, Vol. 5 (1). Part 49, 1-221”. In: Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region (Ed. E. Lindner). Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, Germany, 538 pp.
  • Johansson, F., M. Sö Derquist & F. Bokma, 2009. Insect wing shape evolution: independent effects of migratory and mate guarding flight on dragonfly wings: dragonfly wing shape evolution. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 97 (2): 362-372.
  • Kitthawee, S. & N. Rungsri, 2011. Differentiation in wing shape in the Bactrocera tau (Walker) complex on a single fruit species of Thailand. Science Asia, 37 (4): 308-313.
  • Klingenberg, C. P., 2011. MorphoJ: an integrated software package for geometric morphometrics. Molecular Ecology Resources, 11 (2): 353-357.
  • Knio, K. M., S. H. Kalash & I. M. White, 2002. Flower head-infesting fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) on thistles (Asteraceae) in Lebanon. Journal of Natural History, 10 (5): 617-629.
  • Korneyev, V. A., 1985. Fruit flies of the tribe Terellini Hendel, 1927 (Diptera, Tephritidae) of the fauna of the USSR. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 64 (3): 624-644.
  • Korneyev, V. A., 1999. “Phylogeny of The Subfamily Tephritinae: Relationships of The Tribes and Subtribes, 549-580”. In: Fruit Flies (Tephritidae): Phylogeny and Evolution of Behavior (Eds. M. Aluja, & A. Norrbom). 1st Ed. Boca Raton, FL, ABD: CRC Press, 944 pp.
  • Korneyev, V. A., 2003. New and little-known Tephritidae (Diptera, Cyclorrhapha) from Europe. Vestnik Zoologii, 37 (3): 3-12.
  • Korneyev, V. A., 2006. A revision of the quadratula group of the genus Terellia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Tephritidae). Israel Journal of Entomology, 35-36 (6): 341-366.
  • Korneyev, V. A., D. A. Evstigneev, Y. Karimpour, M. Kütük, S. M. Namin, M. Ö. Koyuncu & M. Yaran, 2013. Revision of the Terellia virens group (Diptera, Tephritidae) with description of three new species. Vestnik Zoologii, 47 (1): 3-25.
  • Korneyev, V. A. & B. Merz, 1996. A new species of the genus Terellia (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Central Asia. Journal of the Ukrainian Entomological Society, 2 (2): 57-60.
  • Kütük, M., 2009. A new species of Terellia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 33 (3): 297-300.
  • Kütük, M., N. Bayrak & R. Hayat, 2011. A new species of Terellia (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Turkey with a key to Turkish species of the subgenus cerajocera. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 35 (2): 207-213.
  • Kütük, M. & M. Yaran, 2011. The fauna and systematic of the genus Terellia R-D., 1830 (Diptera: Tephritidae) with a key to the species of Terellia in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 35 (4): 509-517.
  • Marcus, L. F., E. Hingst-Zaher & H. Zaher, 2000. Application of landmark morphometrics to skulls representing the orders of living mammals. Hystrix, 11 (1): 27-48.
  • Merz, B. & V. A. Korneyev, 2004. “Fauna Europaea: Tephritidae”. In: Fauna Europaea: Diptera, Brachycera. Fauna Europaea version 2017.06 (Ed. T. Pape). (Web page: https://fauna-eu.org) (Date accessed: August, 2020).
  • Namin, S. A. & V. A. Korneyev, 2018. An annotated checklist of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) of Iran. Zootaxa, 4369 (3): 377-405.
  • Norrbom, A. L., L. E. Carroll, F. C. Thompson, I. M. White & A. Freidberg, 1999. “Systematic Database of Names, 62-251”. In: Fruit Fly Expert Identification System and Systematic Information Database (Ed. F. C. Thompson). Myia, 9, Diptera Data Dissemination Disk (CD-ROM) 1. [1998], 532 pp.
  • Pape, T., V. Blagoderov & M. B. Mostovski, 2011. “Order Diptera L., 1758”. In: Animal Biodiversity: An Outline of Higher-Level Classification and Survey of Taxonomic Richness (Ed. Z-Q Zhang). Zootaxa, 3148: 222-229.
  • Perre, P., L. R. Jorge, T. M. Lewinsohn & R. A. Zucchi, 2014. Morphometric differentiation of fruit fly pest species of the Anastrepha fraterculus group (Diptera: Tephritidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 107 (2): 490-495.
  • Pieterse, W., H. A. Benítez & P. Addison, 2017. The use of geometric morphometric analysis to illustrate the shape change induced by different fruit hosts on the wing shape of Bactrocera dorsalis and Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 269: 110-116.
  • Prezotto, L. F., A. L. P. Perondini, V. Hernández-Ortiz, D. Frías & D. Selivon, 2019. What can integrated analysis of morphological and genetic data still reveal about the Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) cryptic species complex? Insects, 10 (11): 408/ 1-23.
  • Rohlf, F. J., 1999. Shape statistics: Procrustes superimpositions and tangent spaces. Journal of Classification, 16 (2): 197-223.
  • Rohlf, F. J., 2004. NTSYS-PC, Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System, Version 2.2. State University of New York, Exeter Software, Stony Brook, USA, 49 pp.
  • Rohlf, F. J., 2007. tpsRelw, version 1.46. Department of Ecology and Evolution, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York, (Web page: http://www.sbmorphometrics.org) (Date accessed: April, 2020).
  • Rohlf, F. J., 2008. tpsDig, version 2.12. Department of Ecology and Evolution, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York, (Web page: http://www.sbmorphometrics.org) (Date accessed: April, 2020).
  • Rohlf, F. J. & D. Slice, 1990. Extensions of the Procrustes method for the optimal superimposition of landmarks. Systematic Biology, 39 (1): 40-59.
  • Schutze, M. K., A. Jessup & A. R. Clarke, 2012. Wing shape as a potential discriminator of morphologically similar pest taxa within the Bactrocera dorsalis species complex (Diptera: Tephritidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 102 (1): 103-111.
  • Slice, D., 2002. Morpheus, for Morphometric Research Software. Department of Biomedical Engineering Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston, Salem, 164 pp.
  • StatSoft, 2007. Statistica (Data Analysis Software System), Version 8.0. (Web page: https://statistica.software.informer.com/8.0/) (Date accessed: October, 2020).
  • White, I. M., 1989. A new species of Terellia Robineau-Desvoidy associated with Centaurea solstitialis L. and a revision of the Terellia virens (Loew) species group (Diptera: Tephritidae). Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, 125: 53-61.
  • White, I. M. & M. M. Elson-Harris, 1992. Fruit Flies of Economic Significance: Their Identification and Bionomics. CAB International, London, 601 pp.
  • Wu, J. J., F. Liang & G. Q. Liang, 2009. Atlas of Economic Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae). Guangdong Science and Technology Press, China, 226 pp.
  • Yaran, M., M. Kütük, V. Görmez & M. Ö. Koyuncu, 2018. A new species and additional record of Terellia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Turkey with a key for the cerajocera group. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 42 (6): 661-665.
  • Yee, W. L., P. S. Chapman, H. D. Sheets & T. R. Unruh, 2009. Analysis of body measurements and wing shape to discriminate Rhagoletis pomonella and Rhagoletis zephyria (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Washington State. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 102 (6): 1013-1028.
  • Zamani, M. & S. Khaghaninia, 2016. Study of the fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) as biocontrol agents of asteraceus plants in Saqez region (Kurdestan province). Entomofauna Zeitschrift Für Entomologie, 23: 389-400.
  • Zarghani, E., S. Khaghanini, M. S. Namin & V. A. Korneyev, 2017. Revision of Terellia amberboae group of species (Diptera: Tephritidae). Zootaxa, 4221: 142-150.

Wing shape analysis on some species of Terellia serratulae (L., 1758) group (Diptera: Tephritidae) based on geometric morphometric analysis

Year 2021, Volume: 45 Issue: 3, 295 - 304, 01.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.852947

Abstract

Tephritidae (fruit flies) is one of the most important Diptera families and includes more than 200 pest species. Some species in this family have a high level of similarity and are difficult to distinguish morphologically. In this study, landmark-based geometric morphometric analysis using wing images was performed on three members of the Terellia (sensu stricto) serratulae group in order to distinguish Terellia fuscicornis (Loew, 1844), Terellia nigripalpis Hendel, 1927, and Terellia serratulae (L., 1758). Specimens of the T. fuscicornis, T. nigripalpis and T. serratulae used in the study were collected from three provinces (İzmir, Kahramanmaraş and Adıyaman) of Turkey between 2016 and 2018. The geometric morphometric analysis of the wings, using fifteen landmarks, indicated significant differences in the wing shapes of each species, separating them successfully into distinct groups. CVA (canonical variate analysis) results based on the wing shapes strongly support the existence of taxonomically three different species. The reidentification accuracies were high, and wing shape discriminated three species of Terellia with over 87% accuracy. Finally, we concluded that landmark-based geometric morphometric analysis could be a powerful tool to identify Terellia spp.

References

  • Bookstein, F. L., 1991. Morphometric Tools for Landmark Data: Geometry and Biology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 435 pp.
  • Cann, J. V., M. Virgilio, K. Jordaens & M. De Meyer, 2015. Wing morphometrics as a possible tool for the diagnosis of the Ceratitis fasciventris, C. anonae, C. rosa complex (Diptera, Tephritidae). ZooKeys, 540: 489-506.
  • Dryden, I. L. & K. V. Mardia, 1998. Statistical Shape Analysis. John Wiley and Sons, UK, 496 pp.
  • Freidberg, A. & J. Kugler, 1989. Fauna Palaestina Insecta IV. Diptera: Tephritidae. Israel at Keterpress Enterprises, Jerusalem, 212 pp.
  • Görmez, V., 2011. Kahramanmaraş Ili Meyve Sinekleri (Diptera:Tephritidae) Faunası ve Sistematiği Üzerine Araştırmalar. Gaziantep Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, (Unpublished) MSc Tezi, Gaziantep, Türkiye, 211 s (in Turkish with abstract in English).
  • Haddad, S. G., C. A. Smith, M. S. Al-Zein & K. M. Knio, 2017. Genetic and morphometric variations in the Lebanese populations of the flower-head-infesting fruit fly, Terellia serratulae (Diptera: Tephritidae). The Canadian Entomologist, 149 (1): 73-88.
  • Headrick, D. H. & R. D. Goeden, 1998. The biology of nonfrugivorous tephritid fruit flies. Annual Review of Entomology, 43 (1): 217-241.
  • Hendel, F., 1927. “Trypetidae, Vol. 5 (1). Part 49, 1-221”. In: Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region (Ed. E. Lindner). Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, Germany, 538 pp.
  • Johansson, F., M. Sö Derquist & F. Bokma, 2009. Insect wing shape evolution: independent effects of migratory and mate guarding flight on dragonfly wings: dragonfly wing shape evolution. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 97 (2): 362-372.
  • Kitthawee, S. & N. Rungsri, 2011. Differentiation in wing shape in the Bactrocera tau (Walker) complex on a single fruit species of Thailand. Science Asia, 37 (4): 308-313.
  • Klingenberg, C. P., 2011. MorphoJ: an integrated software package for geometric morphometrics. Molecular Ecology Resources, 11 (2): 353-357.
  • Knio, K. M., S. H. Kalash & I. M. White, 2002. Flower head-infesting fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) on thistles (Asteraceae) in Lebanon. Journal of Natural History, 10 (5): 617-629.
  • Korneyev, V. A., 1985. Fruit flies of the tribe Terellini Hendel, 1927 (Diptera, Tephritidae) of the fauna of the USSR. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 64 (3): 624-644.
  • Korneyev, V. A., 1999. “Phylogeny of The Subfamily Tephritinae: Relationships of The Tribes and Subtribes, 549-580”. In: Fruit Flies (Tephritidae): Phylogeny and Evolution of Behavior (Eds. M. Aluja, & A. Norrbom). 1st Ed. Boca Raton, FL, ABD: CRC Press, 944 pp.
  • Korneyev, V. A., 2003. New and little-known Tephritidae (Diptera, Cyclorrhapha) from Europe. Vestnik Zoologii, 37 (3): 3-12.
  • Korneyev, V. A., 2006. A revision of the quadratula group of the genus Terellia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Tephritidae). Israel Journal of Entomology, 35-36 (6): 341-366.
  • Korneyev, V. A., D. A. Evstigneev, Y. Karimpour, M. Kütük, S. M. Namin, M. Ö. Koyuncu & M. Yaran, 2013. Revision of the Terellia virens group (Diptera, Tephritidae) with description of three new species. Vestnik Zoologii, 47 (1): 3-25.
  • Korneyev, V. A. & B. Merz, 1996. A new species of the genus Terellia (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Central Asia. Journal of the Ukrainian Entomological Society, 2 (2): 57-60.
  • Kütük, M., 2009. A new species of Terellia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 33 (3): 297-300.
  • Kütük, M., N. Bayrak & R. Hayat, 2011. A new species of Terellia (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Turkey with a key to Turkish species of the subgenus cerajocera. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 35 (2): 207-213.
  • Kütük, M. & M. Yaran, 2011. The fauna and systematic of the genus Terellia R-D., 1830 (Diptera: Tephritidae) with a key to the species of Terellia in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 35 (4): 509-517.
  • Marcus, L. F., E. Hingst-Zaher & H. Zaher, 2000. Application of landmark morphometrics to skulls representing the orders of living mammals. Hystrix, 11 (1): 27-48.
  • Merz, B. & V. A. Korneyev, 2004. “Fauna Europaea: Tephritidae”. In: Fauna Europaea: Diptera, Brachycera. Fauna Europaea version 2017.06 (Ed. T. Pape). (Web page: https://fauna-eu.org) (Date accessed: August, 2020).
  • Namin, S. A. & V. A. Korneyev, 2018. An annotated checklist of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) of Iran. Zootaxa, 4369 (3): 377-405.
  • Norrbom, A. L., L. E. Carroll, F. C. Thompson, I. M. White & A. Freidberg, 1999. “Systematic Database of Names, 62-251”. In: Fruit Fly Expert Identification System and Systematic Information Database (Ed. F. C. Thompson). Myia, 9, Diptera Data Dissemination Disk (CD-ROM) 1. [1998], 532 pp.
  • Pape, T., V. Blagoderov & M. B. Mostovski, 2011. “Order Diptera L., 1758”. In: Animal Biodiversity: An Outline of Higher-Level Classification and Survey of Taxonomic Richness (Ed. Z-Q Zhang). Zootaxa, 3148: 222-229.
  • Perre, P., L. R. Jorge, T. M. Lewinsohn & R. A. Zucchi, 2014. Morphometric differentiation of fruit fly pest species of the Anastrepha fraterculus group (Diptera: Tephritidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 107 (2): 490-495.
  • Pieterse, W., H. A. Benítez & P. Addison, 2017. The use of geometric morphometric analysis to illustrate the shape change induced by different fruit hosts on the wing shape of Bactrocera dorsalis and Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 269: 110-116.
  • Prezotto, L. F., A. L. P. Perondini, V. Hernández-Ortiz, D. Frías & D. Selivon, 2019. What can integrated analysis of morphological and genetic data still reveal about the Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) cryptic species complex? Insects, 10 (11): 408/ 1-23.
  • Rohlf, F. J., 1999. Shape statistics: Procrustes superimpositions and tangent spaces. Journal of Classification, 16 (2): 197-223.
  • Rohlf, F. J., 2004. NTSYS-PC, Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System, Version 2.2. State University of New York, Exeter Software, Stony Brook, USA, 49 pp.
  • Rohlf, F. J., 2007. tpsRelw, version 1.46. Department of Ecology and Evolution, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York, (Web page: http://www.sbmorphometrics.org) (Date accessed: April, 2020).
  • Rohlf, F. J., 2008. tpsDig, version 2.12. Department of Ecology and Evolution, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York, (Web page: http://www.sbmorphometrics.org) (Date accessed: April, 2020).
  • Rohlf, F. J. & D. Slice, 1990. Extensions of the Procrustes method for the optimal superimposition of landmarks. Systematic Biology, 39 (1): 40-59.
  • Schutze, M. K., A. Jessup & A. R. Clarke, 2012. Wing shape as a potential discriminator of morphologically similar pest taxa within the Bactrocera dorsalis species complex (Diptera: Tephritidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 102 (1): 103-111.
  • Slice, D., 2002. Morpheus, for Morphometric Research Software. Department of Biomedical Engineering Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston, Salem, 164 pp.
  • StatSoft, 2007. Statistica (Data Analysis Software System), Version 8.0. (Web page: https://statistica.software.informer.com/8.0/) (Date accessed: October, 2020).
  • White, I. M., 1989. A new species of Terellia Robineau-Desvoidy associated with Centaurea solstitialis L. and a revision of the Terellia virens (Loew) species group (Diptera: Tephritidae). Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, 125: 53-61.
  • White, I. M. & M. M. Elson-Harris, 1992. Fruit Flies of Economic Significance: Their Identification and Bionomics. CAB International, London, 601 pp.
  • Wu, J. J., F. Liang & G. Q. Liang, 2009. Atlas of Economic Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae). Guangdong Science and Technology Press, China, 226 pp.
  • Yaran, M., M. Kütük, V. Görmez & M. Ö. Koyuncu, 2018. A new species and additional record of Terellia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Turkey with a key for the cerajocera group. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 42 (6): 661-665.
  • Yee, W. L., P. S. Chapman, H. D. Sheets & T. R. Unruh, 2009. Analysis of body measurements and wing shape to discriminate Rhagoletis pomonella and Rhagoletis zephyria (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Washington State. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 102 (6): 1013-1028.
  • Zamani, M. & S. Khaghaninia, 2016. Study of the fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) as biocontrol agents of asteraceus plants in Saqez region (Kurdestan province). Entomofauna Zeitschrift Für Entomologie, 23: 389-400.
  • Zarghani, E., S. Khaghanini, M. S. Namin & V. A. Korneyev, 2017. Revision of Terellia amberboae group of species (Diptera: Tephritidae). Zootaxa, 4221: 142-150.
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mehmet Yaran 0000-0002-2151-5471

Ayça Özkan Koca 0000-0001-6172-203X

Murat Kütük 0000-0003-1567-1002

Publication Date September 1, 2021
Submission Date January 5, 2021
Acceptance Date July 17, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 45 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Yaran, M., Özkan Koca, A., & Kütük, M. (2021). Wing shape analysis on some species of Terellia serratulae (L., 1758) group (Diptera: Tephritidae) based on geometric morphometric analysis. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 45(3), 295-304. https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.852947
AMA Yaran M, Özkan Koca A, Kütük M. Wing shape analysis on some species of Terellia serratulae (L., 1758) group (Diptera: Tephritidae) based on geometric morphometric analysis. TED. September 2021;45(3):295-304. doi:10.16970/entoted.852947
Chicago Yaran, Mehmet, Ayça Özkan Koca, and Murat Kütük. “Wing Shape Analysis on Some Species of Terellia Serratulae (L., 1758) Group (Diptera: Tephritidae) Based on Geometric Morphometric Analysis”. Turkish Journal of Entomology 45, no. 3 (September 2021): 295-304. https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.852947.
EndNote Yaran M, Özkan Koca A, Kütük M (September 1, 2021) Wing shape analysis on some species of Terellia serratulae (L., 1758) group (Diptera: Tephritidae) based on geometric morphometric analysis. Turkish Journal of Entomology 45 3 295–304.
IEEE M. Yaran, A. Özkan Koca, and M. Kütük, “Wing shape analysis on some species of Terellia serratulae (L., 1758) group (Diptera: Tephritidae) based on geometric morphometric analysis”, TED, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 295–304, 2021, doi: 10.16970/entoted.852947.
ISNAD Yaran, Mehmet et al. “Wing Shape Analysis on Some Species of Terellia Serratulae (L., 1758) Group (Diptera: Tephritidae) Based on Geometric Morphometric Analysis”. Turkish Journal of Entomology 45/3 (September 2021), 295-304. https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.852947.
JAMA Yaran M, Özkan Koca A, Kütük M. Wing shape analysis on some species of Terellia serratulae (L., 1758) group (Diptera: Tephritidae) based on geometric morphometric analysis. TED. 2021;45:295–304.
MLA Yaran, Mehmet et al. “Wing Shape Analysis on Some Species of Terellia Serratulae (L., 1758) Group (Diptera: Tephritidae) Based on Geometric Morphometric Analysis”. Turkish Journal of Entomology, vol. 45, no. 3, 2021, pp. 295-04, doi:10.16970/entoted.852947.
Vancouver Yaran M, Özkan Koca A, Kütük M. Wing shape analysis on some species of Terellia serratulae (L., 1758) group (Diptera: Tephritidae) based on geometric morphometric analysis. TED. 2021;45(3):295-304.