Research Article
Toxicity Induced by Ridomil in Allium cepa: Physiological, Cytogenetic, Biochemical and Anatomical Approach
Abstract
In this study, the toxic effects of 125, 250 and 500 mg/L Ridomil fungicide were investigated in Allium cepa L. Toxic effects has been investigated in terms of physiological, cytogenetic, anatomical and biochemical aspects. The changes in germination percentage, weight gain and root length was investigated as physiological parameters; micronucleus (MN), mitotic index (MI) and chromosomal abnormality (CAs) frequency were as cytogenetic parameters. Oxidative stress indicators such as malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were analyzed for biochemical changes and also damages in root tip meristem cells were evaluated as anatomical parameters. As a result, a decrease in all selected physiological parameters and MI, and an increase in MN and CAs frequency were determined with a dosedependent manner. Additionally, Ridomil caused fluctuations in SOD and CAT enzyme activities and a significant increase in MDA levels and these results indicated a oxidative stress formation. It has also been observed that Ridomil causes different types of anatomic damages in the root tip meristem cells. As a result, it was found that Ridomil can cause toxic effects in non-target organisms and A. cepa test material is a reliable biological indicator in observing these effects.
References
- Atik, M., Karaguzel, O., Ersoy, S., 2007. Effect of Temperature on Germination Characteristics of Dalbergia sissoo Seeds. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences, 20, 203-210.
- Baker, A.J.M., 1981. Accumulators and Excluders-Strategies in the Response of Plants to Heavy Metals. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 3, 643-654.
- Beauchamp, C., Fridovich, I., 1971. Superoxide Dismutase: Improved Assays and an Assay Applicable to Acrylamide Gels. Analytical Biochemistry, 44, 276-287.
- Beers, R.F., Sizer, I.W., 1952. Colorimetric Method for Estimation of Catalase. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 195, 133-139.
- Bicakci, U., Cavusoglu, K., Yapar, K., Acar, A., Yalcin, E., 2017. The Investigation of Diazinon Toxicity in Root Tip Cells of Allium cepa (Onion) L. Iğdır University Journal of the Institue of Science and Technology, 7, 49-56.
- Calviello, G., Piccioni, E., Boninsegna, A., Tedesco, B., Maggiano, N., Serini, S., Wolf F.I., Palozza, P., 2006. DNA Damage and Apoptosis İnduction by the Pesticide Mancozeb in Rat Cells: İnvolvement of the Oxidative Mechanism. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology , 211, 87-96.
- Cavusoglu, K., Gur, B., Yalcin, E., Demirtas, G., Cicek, F., 2014. The Effect of Lambda-Cyhalothrin on Root Tip Cytology, Pigment Contents and Antioxidant Defense System of Allium cepa. Cytologia, 79, 95-101.
- Cavusoglu, K., Yapar, K., Oruc, E., Yalcin, E., 2011. Protective Effect of Ginkgo biloba L. Leaf Extract Against Glyphosate Toxicity in Swiss Albino Mice. Journal of Medicinal Food, 14, 1263-1272.
- Cooke, M.S., Evans, M.D., Dizdaroglu, M., Lunec, J., 2003. Oxidative DNA Damage: Mechanisms, Mutation and Disease. The FASEB Journal, 17, 1195-1214.
- Demirtas, G., Cavusoglu, K., Yalcin, E., 2015. Anatomic, Physiologic and Cytogenetic Changes in Allium cepa L. Induced by Diniconazole. Cytologia, 80, 51-57.
- Dias, M.C., Figueiredo, P., Duarte, I.F., Gil, A.M., Santos, C., 2014. Different Responses of Young and Expanded Lettuce Leaves to Fungicide Mancozeb: Chlorophyll Fluorescence, Lipid Peroxidation, Pigments and Proline Content. Photosynthetica, 52, 148-151.
- Fenech, M., Chang, W.P., Kirsch-Volders, M., Holland, N., Bonassi, S., Zeiger, E., 2003. Human Micronucleus Project. HUMN Project: Detailed Description of the Scoring Criteria for the Cytokinesis-Block Micronucleus Assay Using Isolated Human Lymphocyte Cultures. Mutation Research, 534, 65-75.
- Gullino, M.L., Tinivella, F., Garibaldi, A., Kemmitt, G.M., Bacci, L., Sheppard, B., 2010. Mancozeb: Past, Present and Future. Plant Disease, 94, 1076-1087.
- Karaismailoglu, M.C., 2016. The Evaluation of The Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Effects of Pyriproxyfen İnsecticide on Allium Cepa Somatic Chromosomes with Mitotic Activity, Chromosome Abnormality and Micronucleus Frequency. Turkish Journal of Life Sciences, 1, 65-69.
- Kuchy, A.H., Wani, A.A., Kamili, A.N., 2016. Cytogenetic Effects of Three Commercially Formulated Pesticides on Somatic and Germ Cells of Allium cepa. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 23, 6895-6906.
- Liman, R., Cigerci, I.H., Ozturk, N.S., 2015. Determination of Genotoxic Effects of Imazethapyr Herbicide in Allium cepa Root Cells by Mitotic Activity, Chromosome Aberration, and Comet Assay. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 118, 38-42.
- Liu, H.Y., Liao, B., Lu, S.Q., 2004. Toxicity of Surfactant, Acid Rain and Cd2+ Combined Pollution to the Nucleus of Vicia faba Root Tip Cells. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 15, 493-496.
- Osweiler, G.D., Carlson, T.L., Buck, W.B., Von Gelder, G.A., 1985. Organic Synthetic Fungicides. In Clinical and Diagnostic Veterinary Toxicology, Kendal/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque 231-242.
- Ozkara, A., Akyil, D., Eren, Y., Erdogmuş, S.F., Konuk, M., Saglam. E., 2015. Assessment of Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Potential of Pyracarbolid by Allium test and Micronucleus Assay. Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 38, 337-341.
- Ozturk, I., Tort, N., Tosun, N., 2006. The Effect of Metalaxyl Application on Anatomical Structure of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). The Journal of Agricultural Science, 12, 14-22.
- Pandey, R.K., Shukla, R., Datta, S.K., 1994. Chromotoxic Effect of One Fungucide (Dithane M-45) and Two Insecticide (Aldrex-30 and Metacid-50). Cytologia, 59, 419-422.
- Preston, R.J., Hoffmann, G.R., 2015. Genetic Toxicology. In Klaassen, C.D., Watkins, J.B., III. eds, Casarett and Doull's Essentials of Toxicology, Third Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York 135-147.
- Soykan, H., Koca, S., 2014. Effects of Dichlorvos (DDVP) on Mitosis and Chromosomes in Allium cepa L. Root Tip Meristem Cells. Cumhuriyet Science Journal, 35, 36-45.
- Srivastava, A.K., Ali, W., Singh, R., Bhui, K., Tyagi, S., Al-Khedhairy, A.A., Srivastava, P.K., Musarrat, J., Shukla, Y., 2012. Mancozeb-Induced Genotoxicity and Apoptosis in Cultured Human Lymphocytes. Life Sciences, 90, 815-824.
- Staykova, T.A., Ivanova, E.N., Velcheva, I.G., 2005. Cytogenetic Effect of Heavy Metal and Cyanide In Contamined Waters from the Region of Southwest Bulgaria. Journal of Cell and Molecular Research, 4, 41-46.
- Tesserra, M., Giorgis, G.W., 2007. Impact of Farmers’ Selected IDM Options on Potato Late Blight Control and Yield. African Crop Science Society, 8, 2091-2094.
- Thind, T.S., Hollomon, D.W., 2018. Thiocarbamate Fungicides: Reliable Tools in Resistance Management and Future Outlook. Pest Management Science, 74, 1547-1551.
- Tort, N., Turkyilmaz, B., Dereboylu, A.E., Tosun, N., 2004. Morphological and Physiological Effects of a Fungicide with a Diniconazole agent on Some Barley Culture Forms. Ege Journal of Agricultural Research, 41, 169-179.
- Unyayar, S., Celik, A., Cekic, F.O., Gozel, A., 2006. Cadmium-Induced Genotoxicity, Cytotoxicity and Lipid Peroxidation in Allium sativum and Vicia faba. Mutagenesis 21, 77-81.
- Zou, J., Yue, J., Jiang, W., Liu, D., 2012. Effects of Cadmium Stress on Root Tip Cells and Some Physiological Indexes in Allium cepa var. agrogarum L. Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica, 54, 129-141.
Toxicity Induced by Ridomil in Allium cepa: Physiological, Cytogenetic, Biochemical and Anatomical Approach
Abstract
In this study, the toxic effects of 125, 250 and 500 mg/L Ridomil
fungicide were investigated in Allium cepa L. Toxic effects has been
investigated in terms of physiological, cytogenetic, anatomical and biochemical
aspects. The changes in germination percentage, weight gain and root length was
investigated as physiological parameters; micronucleus (MN), mitotic index (MI)
and chromosomal abnormality (CAs) frequency were as cytogenetic parameters.
Oxidative stress indicators such as malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase
(SOD) and catalase (CAT) were analyzed for biochemical changes and also damages
in root tip meristem cells were evaluated as anatomical parameters. As a
result, a decrease in all selected physiological parameters and MI, and an
increase in MN and CAs frequency were determined with a dose-dependent manner.
Additionally, Ridomil caused fluctuations in SOD and CAT enzyme activities and
a significant increase in MDA levels and these results indicated a oxidative
stress formation. It has also been observed that Ridomil causes different types
of anatomic damages in the root tip meristem cells. As a result, it was found
that Ridomil can cause toxic effects in non-target organisms and A. cepa test
material is a reliable biological indicator in observing these effects.
References
- Atik, M., Karaguzel, O., Ersoy, S., 2007. Effect of Temperature on Germination Characteristics of Dalbergia sissoo Seeds. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences, 20, 203-210.
- Baker, A.J.M., 1981. Accumulators and Excluders-Strategies in the Response of Plants to Heavy Metals. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 3, 643-654.
- Beauchamp, C., Fridovich, I., 1971. Superoxide Dismutase: Improved Assays and an Assay Applicable to Acrylamide Gels. Analytical Biochemistry, 44, 276-287.
- Beers, R.F., Sizer, I.W., 1952. Colorimetric Method for Estimation of Catalase. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 195, 133-139.
- Bicakci, U., Cavusoglu, K., Yapar, K., Acar, A., Yalcin, E., 2017. The Investigation of Diazinon Toxicity in Root Tip Cells of Allium cepa (Onion) L. Iğdır University Journal of the Institue of Science and Technology, 7, 49-56.
- Calviello, G., Piccioni, E., Boninsegna, A., Tedesco, B., Maggiano, N., Serini, S., Wolf F.I., Palozza, P., 2006. DNA Damage and Apoptosis İnduction by the Pesticide Mancozeb in Rat Cells: İnvolvement of the Oxidative Mechanism. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology , 211, 87-96.
- Cavusoglu, K., Gur, B., Yalcin, E., Demirtas, G., Cicek, F., 2014. The Effect of Lambda-Cyhalothrin on Root Tip Cytology, Pigment Contents and Antioxidant Defense System of Allium cepa. Cytologia, 79, 95-101.
- Cavusoglu, K., Yapar, K., Oruc, E., Yalcin, E., 2011. Protective Effect of Ginkgo biloba L. Leaf Extract Against Glyphosate Toxicity in Swiss Albino Mice. Journal of Medicinal Food, 14, 1263-1272.
- Cooke, M.S., Evans, M.D., Dizdaroglu, M., Lunec, J., 2003. Oxidative DNA Damage: Mechanisms, Mutation and Disease. The FASEB Journal, 17, 1195-1214.
- Demirtas, G., Cavusoglu, K., Yalcin, E., 2015. Anatomic, Physiologic and Cytogenetic Changes in Allium cepa L. Induced by Diniconazole. Cytologia, 80, 51-57.
- Dias, M.C., Figueiredo, P., Duarte, I.F., Gil, A.M., Santos, C., 2014. Different Responses of Young and Expanded Lettuce Leaves to Fungicide Mancozeb: Chlorophyll Fluorescence, Lipid Peroxidation, Pigments and Proline Content. Photosynthetica, 52, 148-151.
- Fenech, M., Chang, W.P., Kirsch-Volders, M., Holland, N., Bonassi, S., Zeiger, E., 2003. Human Micronucleus Project. HUMN Project: Detailed Description of the Scoring Criteria for the Cytokinesis-Block Micronucleus Assay Using Isolated Human Lymphocyte Cultures. Mutation Research, 534, 65-75.
- Gullino, M.L., Tinivella, F., Garibaldi, A., Kemmitt, G.M., Bacci, L., Sheppard, B., 2010. Mancozeb: Past, Present and Future. Plant Disease, 94, 1076-1087.
- Karaismailoglu, M.C., 2016. The Evaluation of The Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Effects of Pyriproxyfen İnsecticide on Allium Cepa Somatic Chromosomes with Mitotic Activity, Chromosome Abnormality and Micronucleus Frequency. Turkish Journal of Life Sciences, 1, 65-69.
- Kuchy, A.H., Wani, A.A., Kamili, A.N., 2016. Cytogenetic Effects of Three Commercially Formulated Pesticides on Somatic and Germ Cells of Allium cepa. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 23, 6895-6906.
- Liman, R., Cigerci, I.H., Ozturk, N.S., 2015. Determination of Genotoxic Effects of Imazethapyr Herbicide in Allium cepa Root Cells by Mitotic Activity, Chromosome Aberration, and Comet Assay. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 118, 38-42.
- Liu, H.Y., Liao, B., Lu, S.Q., 2004. Toxicity of Surfactant, Acid Rain and Cd2+ Combined Pollution to the Nucleus of Vicia faba Root Tip Cells. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 15, 493-496.
- Osweiler, G.D., Carlson, T.L., Buck, W.B., Von Gelder, G.A., 1985. Organic Synthetic Fungicides. In Clinical and Diagnostic Veterinary Toxicology, Kendal/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque 231-242.
- Ozkara, A., Akyil, D., Eren, Y., Erdogmuş, S.F., Konuk, M., Saglam. E., 2015. Assessment of Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Potential of Pyracarbolid by Allium test and Micronucleus Assay. Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 38, 337-341.
- Ozturk, I., Tort, N., Tosun, N., 2006. The Effect of Metalaxyl Application on Anatomical Structure of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). The Journal of Agricultural Science, 12, 14-22.
- Pandey, R.K., Shukla, R., Datta, S.K., 1994. Chromotoxic Effect of One Fungucide (Dithane M-45) and Two Insecticide (Aldrex-30 and Metacid-50). Cytologia, 59, 419-422.
- Preston, R.J., Hoffmann, G.R., 2015. Genetic Toxicology. In Klaassen, C.D., Watkins, J.B., III. eds, Casarett and Doull's Essentials of Toxicology, Third Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York 135-147.
- Soykan, H., Koca, S., 2014. Effects of Dichlorvos (DDVP) on Mitosis and Chromosomes in Allium cepa L. Root Tip Meristem Cells. Cumhuriyet Science Journal, 35, 36-45.
- Srivastava, A.K., Ali, W., Singh, R., Bhui, K., Tyagi, S., Al-Khedhairy, A.A., Srivastava, P.K., Musarrat, J., Shukla, Y., 2012. Mancozeb-Induced Genotoxicity and Apoptosis in Cultured Human Lymphocytes. Life Sciences, 90, 815-824.
- Staykova, T.A., Ivanova, E.N., Velcheva, I.G., 2005. Cytogenetic Effect of Heavy Metal and Cyanide In Contamined Waters from the Region of Southwest Bulgaria. Journal of Cell and Molecular Research, 4, 41-46.
- Tesserra, M., Giorgis, G.W., 2007. Impact of Farmers’ Selected IDM Options on Potato Late Blight Control and Yield. African Crop Science Society, 8, 2091-2094.
- Thind, T.S., Hollomon, D.W., 2018. Thiocarbamate Fungicides: Reliable Tools in Resistance Management and Future Outlook. Pest Management Science, 74, 1547-1551.
- Tort, N., Turkyilmaz, B., Dereboylu, A.E., Tosun, N., 2004. Morphological and Physiological Effects of a Fungicide with a Diniconazole agent on Some Barley Culture Forms. Ege Journal of Agricultural Research, 41, 169-179.
- Unyayar, S., Celik, A., Cekic, F.O., Gozel, A., 2006. Cadmium-Induced Genotoxicity, Cytotoxicity and Lipid Peroxidation in Allium sativum and Vicia faba. Mutagenesis 21, 77-81.
- Zou, J., Yue, J., Jiang, W., Liu, D., 2012. Effects of Cadmium Stress on Root Tip Cells and Some Physiological Indexes in Allium cepa var. agrogarum L. Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica, 54, 129-141.
There are 30 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | October 31, 2019 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019 Volume: 8 Issue: 2 |
