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KURŞUNUN LENS CULINARIS MEDİK. TOHUMLARININ ÇİMLENMESİ, KÖK GELİŞİMİ VE KÖK UCU HÜCRELERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ MİTOTİK ETKİLERİ

Year 2005, Volume: 18 Issue: 1, 17 - 25, 17.08.2010

Yaşar Kıran Ahmet Şahin

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, önemli çevre kirleticilerinden biri olan kurşun (PbCl2)’un mercimek (Lens culinaris Medik) tohumlarının çimlenmesi, kök büyümesi ve kök ucu hücrelerinin mitoz bölünmeleri üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Denemelerde Pb+2’un farklı konsantrasyonları (0.125, 0.250, 0.500 ve 1.000 mM) kullanılmıştır. Düşük Pb++ konsantrasyonları ile muamele edilen tohumların çimlenmesinde kontrole göre belirgin bir farkın olmadığı, ancak yüksek konsantrasyonlarda çimlenmenin azaldığı gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca uygulanan tüm konsantrasyonlarda, kök büyümesi kontrole göre engellenmiştir. Kurşunun konsantrasyon artışına paralel olarak, hücre bölünmesinin azaldığı, c-mitoz, kalgın kromozom, multipolar anafaz ve köprü gibi çeşitli mitotik anormalliklerin arttığı tespit edilmiştir

Keywords

Kurşun Lens culinaris çimlenme mitoz ağır metal

References

  • Nriagu, J. O., “Toxic metal pollution in Africa”, Sci. Total Environ., 121:1-37 (1992).
  • Kabata-Pendias, A. and Pendias, H., Trace Elements in Soils and Plants, CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, FL. (1984)
  • Ward, N., Brooks, R. R. and Roberts, E., “Heavy metal pollution from automotive emissions and its effects on roadside
  • soil and pasture species in New Zealand”, Environmental Secience and Technology, 11: 917-921 (1977).
  • Yassoglou, N., Kosmas, C., Asimakopoulos, J. and Kalliaoun, C., “Heavy metal contamination of roadside soils in the Greater Athens area”, Environmental Pollution, 47:293-304 (1987).
  • Ho, Y. B. and Tai, K. M., “Elevated levels of lead and other metals in roaside soil and grass and their use to monitor aerical metal depositions in Hong Kong”, Environmental Pollution, 49: 37-51 (1988).
  • Lepp, N. W., “Effect of Heavy Metal on plants”, Applied Secience, Vol. 2, London (1981).
  • Zakrzweski, S., Principles of Environmental Toxicology, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC (1991).
  • Nwosu, J. U., Harding, A. K. and Linder, G., “Cadmium and Lead uptake by edible crops grown in a silt loam soil”, Bulletin of Environmental Contmination and Toxicolgy, 54: 570-578 (1995).
  • Sawidis, T., Marnasidis, A., Zachariadis, G., Stratis, J., “A study of air pollution with heavy metals in Thessaloniki city (Greece) using trees as biological indicators”, Arch Environ Contam Toxicol, 28:118-124 (1995).
  • Xiong, Z. T., “Heavy metal contamination of urban soils and plants in relation to traffic in Wuhan city, China”, Toxicol Environ Chem, 61 (1997 b).
  • Balsberg, A. M., “Toxicity of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb) to vascular plants”, Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 47: 287-319 (1989).
  • Alloway, B.J.; Davis, B.E., “Heavy metal content of plants on soils contaminated by lead mining”, J. Agric. Sci., 76: S.321 (1971).
  • Fargasova A., “Effect of Pb, Cd, Hg, As and Cr on germination and root growth of Sinapis alba seeds”, Bull Environ Contam Toxicol., 52:452-456 (1994).
  • Liu, D. H., Jiang, W. S., Wang, W., Zhao, F. M., Lu, C., “Effects of lead on root growth cell division and nucleolus of Allium cepa”, Environ. Pollut., 86: 1-4 (1994).
  • Lane, S. D., Martin, E. S., “Further observations on the distribution of lead in juvenile roots of Raphanus sativus”, Z. Pllanzenphysiol., 97: 145-152 (1980).
  • Hampp, R. and Lendzian, K., “Effects of lead ions on chlorophyll synthesis”, Naturwissenschaften, 61: 218-219 (1974).
  • Jana, S., Dalal, T. and Barua, B., “Effects and relative toxicity of heavy metals on Cuscuta reflexa”, Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 33: 23-27 (1987).
  • Sinha, S. K., Srivastava, H. S. and Tripathi, R. D., “Influence of some growth regulators and cations on the inhibition of chlorophyll biosynthesis by lead in maize”, Bulletin of Environmental Contmination and Toxicolgy, 51: 241-246 (1993).
  • Miranda, M. G. and Ilangıovan, K, “Uptake of lead by Lemna gibba L.influence on specifice growth rate and basic biochemical changes”, Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 56: 1000-1007 (1996).
  • Johnson, M. S., McNeilly, T., Putwain, P. O., “Revegetation of metalliferous mine spoil contaminated by lead and zinc”, Environ. Pollut., 12: 261-277 (1977).
  • Johnson, W. R., Proctor, J., “A comparative study of metal levels in plants from two contrasting lead mine sites”, Plant Soil, 46: 251-257 (1977).
  • Bazzaz, F. A., Rolfe, G. L., Windle, P., “Differing sensitivity of corn and soybean photosynthesis and transpiration to lead contamination”, J. Environ. Qual., 3:156-158 (1974).
  • Van Assche, F. and Cliisters, H., “Effects of metals on enzyme activity in plants”, Plant, Cell and Environment, 13:195-206 (1990).
  • Hampp, R. and Lendzian, K., “Effects of lead ions on chlorophyll synthesis”, Naturwissenschaften, 61:218-219 (1974).
  • Ramel, C., “The effect of metal compounds on chromosome segregation”, Mut. Res., 21:45-46 (1973).
  • Wierzbicka, M., “Disturbances in cytokinesis caused by inorganic lead”, Environ. Exp. Bot., 29:123-133 (1989).
  • Wierzbicka, M., “Resumption of mitotic activity in Allium cepa L root tips during treatment with lead salts”, Environ. Exp. Bot., 34:173-180 (1994).
  • Balsberg, A. M., “Toxicity of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb) to vascular plants”, Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 47:287-319 (1989).
  • Kumar G., Singh R. P., “Sushila Nitrate assimilation and biomass production in Sesamum indicum L seedlings in a lead enriched environment”, Water Air Soil Pollut, 66:163-171 (1991).
  • Xiong Z. T., “Bioaccumulation and physiological effects of excess lead in a roadside pioneer species Sonchus oleraceus L.”, Environ Pollut, 97 (1997 c).
  • Lamersdorf, N. P., Godbold, D. L. and Knoche, D. “Risk assessment of some heavy metals for growth of Norway spruce”, Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 57/58:535-543 (1991).
  • Fargasova, A., “Effect of Pb, Cd, Hg, As and Cr on germination and root growth of Sinapis alba seeds”, Bull Environ Contam Toxicol, 52:452-456 (1994).
  • Nwosu, J. U., Harding, A. K. and Linder, G., “Cadmium and Lead uptake by edible crops grown in a silt loam soil”, Bulletin of Environmental Contmination and Toxicolgy, 54:570-578 (1995).
  • Sharma, A. K. and Sharma, A., “Chromosome Techniques-Theory and Practice, second ed”, University Park Press, Baltimore, MD, p.575 (1982).
  • Jiang, W., Liu, D., “Effects of Pb2+ on root Growth, Cell Division, and Nucleolus of Zea mays L.” , Bull.Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 65:786-793 (2000).
  • Wozny, A. Zatorska, B., Mlodzianowski, F., “Influence of the lead on the development of lupin seedlings and ultrastructral localization of this metal in the roots”, Acta Soc. Bot. Pol., 51:345-351 (1982).
  • Mukherji, R. and Maitra, P., “Growth and metabolism of germination rice (Oryza sativa L.) seeds as influenced by toxic concentrations of lead”, Z. Pflanzenphysiol, 81:26-33 (1977).
  • Ayaz, F. A. and Kadıoğlu, A., “Ağır Metallerin (Zn, Cd, Cu, Hg) Çimlenen Lens esculenta L. Tohumlarındaki Çözünür Protein Bantları Üzerine Etkileri”, Tr. J. of Bot., 21 (2):85-88 (1997).
  • Wierzbicka, M. Obidzinska, J., “The effects of lead on seed imbibitions and germination in different plant species”, Plant Science, 137:155-171 (1998).
  • Holub, Z. and Ostrolucka, G., “The effects cadmium and lead on pollen germination and pollen tube growth in Quercus cerris, Pinus nigra and Picea abies”, Biologia (Bratisal.)., 38:393-400 (1984).
  • Jackson, J. F. and Linskens, H. F., “Metal ion induced unscheduled DNA synthesis in metabolism by cadmium and lead”, Plant Physiol., 54:122-124 (1982).
  • Dou, Z. X., “The pollution in soil and its effects on plants”, Agro-Environ., Prot, 7(3):38-39 (1988).
  • Jiang, W. S. and Liu, D. H., “Effects of Pb2+ on root growth, cell division and nucleolus of Bressica juncea L.”, Israel J. Plant Sci., 47:153-156 (1999).
  • Godbold, D. L. and Kettner, C., “Lead infuluences root growth and mineral nutrition of Picea abies seedlings”, J. Plant Physiol., 139:95-99 (1991).
  • Xiong, Z.-T., “Lead Uptake and Effects on Seed Germination and Plant Growth in a Pb Hyperaccumulator Brassica pekinensis Rupr.”, Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 60:285-291 (1998).
  • Munzuroğlu, O. and Geçkil, H., “Effects of Metals on seed Germination, Root Elangation, and Coleoptile and Hypocotyl Growth in Triticum aestivum and Cucumis sativus”, Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 43:203-213 (2002).
  • Lerda, D., “The Effect of Lead on Allıum cepa L.”, Mutation Research, 281 (2): 89-92 Feb (1992).
  • Lane, S. D., Martin, E. S., Garrod, J. F., “Lead toxicity effects on indole-3-acetic-induced cell clongation”, Plant, 144:79-84 (1978).
  • Levan, A., “Cytological reaction iduced by inorganic salt solutions”, Nature, 156:751 (1945).
  • Wierzbicka, M., “Mitotic disturbances induced by low doses of inorganic lead”, Caryologia, 41:143-160 (1988).
  • Jiang, W., Liu, D., Hou, W., “Hyperaccumulation of lead by roots, hypocotyls, and shoots of Brassica juncea”, Biologia Plantarum, 43 (4): 603-606 (2000).

THE EFFECTS OF THE LEAD ON THE SEED GERMINATION, ROOT GROWTH, AND ROOT TIP CELL MITOTIC DIVISONS OF LENS CULINARIS MEDIK

Year 2005, Volume: 18 Issue: 1, 17 - 25, 17.08.2010

Yaşar Kıran Ahmet Şahin

Abstract

In this study, the effects of lead (PbCl2) one of the significant environmental pollutant, on seed germination, root growth and mitotic divisions of the root tip cells of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) were investigated. Different concentrations (0.125, 0.250, 0.500 and 1.000 mM Pb+2) of lead were applied. It was observed that there are no significant differences in the germination of seeds that exposed to low lead concentrations. On the other hand, at higher concentrations of lead inhibited germination. In addition, root growth was inhibited according to the control group at all concentrations. In parallel to the increase of the lead concentrations cell division was decreased, several mitotic anomalies such as cmitosis, lagging chromosomes, multipolar anaphases and Chromosome bridges were increased.

Keywords

Lens culinaris germination mitosis heavy metals Lead

References

  • Nriagu, J. O., “Toxic metal pollution in Africa”, Sci. Total Environ., 121:1-37 (1992).
  • Kabata-Pendias, A. and Pendias, H., Trace Elements in Soils and Plants, CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, FL. (1984)
  • Ward, N., Brooks, R. R. and Roberts, E., “Heavy metal pollution from automotive emissions and its effects on roadside
  • soil and pasture species in New Zealand”, Environmental Secience and Technology, 11: 917-921 (1977).
  • Yassoglou, N., Kosmas, C., Asimakopoulos, J. and Kalliaoun, C., “Heavy metal contamination of roadside soils in the Greater Athens area”, Environmental Pollution, 47:293-304 (1987).
  • Ho, Y. B. and Tai, K. M., “Elevated levels of lead and other metals in roaside soil and grass and their use to monitor aerical metal depositions in Hong Kong”, Environmental Pollution, 49: 37-51 (1988).
  • Lepp, N. W., “Effect of Heavy Metal on plants”, Applied Secience, Vol. 2, London (1981).
  • Zakrzweski, S., Principles of Environmental Toxicology, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC (1991).
  • Nwosu, J. U., Harding, A. K. and Linder, G., “Cadmium and Lead uptake by edible crops grown in a silt loam soil”, Bulletin of Environmental Contmination and Toxicolgy, 54: 570-578 (1995).
  • Sawidis, T., Marnasidis, A., Zachariadis, G., Stratis, J., “A study of air pollution with heavy metals in Thessaloniki city (Greece) using trees as biological indicators”, Arch Environ Contam Toxicol, 28:118-124 (1995).
  • Xiong, Z. T., “Heavy metal contamination of urban soils and plants in relation to traffic in Wuhan city, China”, Toxicol Environ Chem, 61 (1997 b).
  • Balsberg, A. M., “Toxicity of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb) to vascular plants”, Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 47: 287-319 (1989).
  • Alloway, B.J.; Davis, B.E., “Heavy metal content of plants on soils contaminated by lead mining”, J. Agric. Sci., 76: S.321 (1971).
  • Fargasova A., “Effect of Pb, Cd, Hg, As and Cr on germination and root growth of Sinapis alba seeds”, Bull Environ Contam Toxicol., 52:452-456 (1994).
  • Liu, D. H., Jiang, W. S., Wang, W., Zhao, F. M., Lu, C., “Effects of lead on root growth cell division and nucleolus of Allium cepa”, Environ. Pollut., 86: 1-4 (1994).
  • Lane, S. D., Martin, E. S., “Further observations on the distribution of lead in juvenile roots of Raphanus sativus”, Z. Pllanzenphysiol., 97: 145-152 (1980).
  • Hampp, R. and Lendzian, K., “Effects of lead ions on chlorophyll synthesis”, Naturwissenschaften, 61: 218-219 (1974).
  • Jana, S., Dalal, T. and Barua, B., “Effects and relative toxicity of heavy metals on Cuscuta reflexa”, Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 33: 23-27 (1987).
  • Sinha, S. K., Srivastava, H. S. and Tripathi, R. D., “Influence of some growth regulators and cations on the inhibition of chlorophyll biosynthesis by lead in maize”, Bulletin of Environmental Contmination and Toxicolgy, 51: 241-246 (1993).
  • Miranda, M. G. and Ilangıovan, K, “Uptake of lead by Lemna gibba L.influence on specifice growth rate and basic biochemical changes”, Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 56: 1000-1007 (1996).
  • Johnson, M. S., McNeilly, T., Putwain, P. O., “Revegetation of metalliferous mine spoil contaminated by lead and zinc”, Environ. Pollut., 12: 261-277 (1977).
  • Johnson, W. R., Proctor, J., “A comparative study of metal levels in plants from two contrasting lead mine sites”, Plant Soil, 46: 251-257 (1977).
  • Bazzaz, F. A., Rolfe, G. L., Windle, P., “Differing sensitivity of corn and soybean photosynthesis and transpiration to lead contamination”, J. Environ. Qual., 3:156-158 (1974).
  • Van Assche, F. and Cliisters, H., “Effects of metals on enzyme activity in plants”, Plant, Cell and Environment, 13:195-206 (1990).
  • Hampp, R. and Lendzian, K., “Effects of lead ions on chlorophyll synthesis”, Naturwissenschaften, 61:218-219 (1974).
  • Ramel, C., “The effect of metal compounds on chromosome segregation”, Mut. Res., 21:45-46 (1973).
  • Wierzbicka, M., “Disturbances in cytokinesis caused by inorganic lead”, Environ. Exp. Bot., 29:123-133 (1989).
  • Wierzbicka, M., “Resumption of mitotic activity in Allium cepa L root tips during treatment with lead salts”, Environ. Exp. Bot., 34:173-180 (1994).
  • Balsberg, A. M., “Toxicity of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb) to vascular plants”, Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 47:287-319 (1989).
  • Kumar G., Singh R. P., “Sushila Nitrate assimilation and biomass production in Sesamum indicum L seedlings in a lead enriched environment”, Water Air Soil Pollut, 66:163-171 (1991).
  • Xiong Z. T., “Bioaccumulation and physiological effects of excess lead in a roadside pioneer species Sonchus oleraceus L.”, Environ Pollut, 97 (1997 c).
  • Lamersdorf, N. P., Godbold, D. L. and Knoche, D. “Risk assessment of some heavy metals for growth of Norway spruce”, Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 57/58:535-543 (1991).
  • Fargasova, A., “Effect of Pb, Cd, Hg, As and Cr on germination and root growth of Sinapis alba seeds”, Bull Environ Contam Toxicol, 52:452-456 (1994).
  • Nwosu, J. U., Harding, A. K. and Linder, G., “Cadmium and Lead uptake by edible crops grown in a silt loam soil”, Bulletin of Environmental Contmination and Toxicolgy, 54:570-578 (1995).
  • Sharma, A. K. and Sharma, A., “Chromosome Techniques-Theory and Practice, second ed”, University Park Press, Baltimore, MD, p.575 (1982).
  • Jiang, W., Liu, D., “Effects of Pb2+ on root Growth, Cell Division, and Nucleolus of Zea mays L.” , Bull.Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 65:786-793 (2000).
  • Wozny, A. Zatorska, B., Mlodzianowski, F., “Influence of the lead on the development of lupin seedlings and ultrastructral localization of this metal in the roots”, Acta Soc. Bot. Pol., 51:345-351 (1982).
  • Mukherji, R. and Maitra, P., “Growth and metabolism of germination rice (Oryza sativa L.) seeds as influenced by toxic concentrations of lead”, Z. Pflanzenphysiol, 81:26-33 (1977).
  • Ayaz, F. A. and Kadıoğlu, A., “Ağır Metallerin (Zn, Cd, Cu, Hg) Çimlenen Lens esculenta L. Tohumlarındaki Çözünür Protein Bantları Üzerine Etkileri”, Tr. J. of Bot., 21 (2):85-88 (1997).
  • Wierzbicka, M. Obidzinska, J., “The effects of lead on seed imbibitions and germination in different plant species”, Plant Science, 137:155-171 (1998).
  • Holub, Z. and Ostrolucka, G., “The effects cadmium and lead on pollen germination and pollen tube growth in Quercus cerris, Pinus nigra and Picea abies”, Biologia (Bratisal.)., 38:393-400 (1984).
  • Jackson, J. F. and Linskens, H. F., “Metal ion induced unscheduled DNA synthesis in metabolism by cadmium and lead”, Plant Physiol., 54:122-124 (1982).
  • Dou, Z. X., “The pollution in soil and its effects on plants”, Agro-Environ., Prot, 7(3):38-39 (1988).
  • Jiang, W. S. and Liu, D. H., “Effects of Pb2+ on root growth, cell division and nucleolus of Bressica juncea L.”, Israel J. Plant Sci., 47:153-156 (1999).
  • Godbold, D. L. and Kettner, C., “Lead infuluences root growth and mineral nutrition of Picea abies seedlings”, J. Plant Physiol., 139:95-99 (1991).
  • Xiong, Z.-T., “Lead Uptake and Effects on Seed Germination and Plant Growth in a Pb Hyperaccumulator Brassica pekinensis Rupr.”, Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 60:285-291 (1998).
  • Munzuroğlu, O. and Geçkil, H., “Effects of Metals on seed Germination, Root Elangation, and Coleoptile and Hypocotyl Growth in Triticum aestivum and Cucumis sativus”, Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 43:203-213 (2002).
  • Lerda, D., “The Effect of Lead on Allıum cepa L.”, Mutation Research, 281 (2): 89-92 Feb (1992).
  • Lane, S. D., Martin, E. S., Garrod, J. F., “Lead toxicity effects on indole-3-acetic-induced cell clongation”, Plant, 144:79-84 (1978).
  • Levan, A., “Cytological reaction iduced by inorganic salt solutions”, Nature, 156:751 (1945).
  • Wierzbicka, M., “Mitotic disturbances induced by low doses of inorganic lead”, Caryologia, 41:143-160 (1988).
  • Jiang, W., Liu, D., Hou, W., “Hyperaccumulation of lead by roots, hypocotyls, and shoots of Brassica juncea”, Biologia Plantarum, 43 (4): 603-606 (2000).
There are 52 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Biology
Authors

Yaşar Kıran

Ahmet Şahin This is me

Publication Date August 17, 2010
Published in Issue Year 2005 Volume: 18 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Kıran, Y., & Şahin, A. (2010). KURŞUNUN LENS CULINARIS MEDİK. TOHUMLARININ ÇİMLENMESİ, KÖK GELİŞİMİ VE KÖK UCU HÜCRELERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ MİTOTİK ETKİLERİ. Gazi University Journal of Science, 18(1), 17-25.
AMA Kıran Y, Şahin A. KURŞUNUN LENS CULINARIS MEDİK. TOHUMLARININ ÇİMLENMESİ, KÖK GELİŞİMİ VE KÖK UCU HÜCRELERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ MİTOTİK ETKİLERİ. Gazi University Journal of Science. August 2010;18(1):17-25.
Chicago Kıran, Yaşar, and Ahmet Şahin. “KURŞUNUN LENS CULINARIS MEDİK. TOHUMLARININ ÇİMLENMESİ, KÖK GELİŞİMİ VE KÖK UCU HÜCRELERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ MİTOTİK ETKİLERİ”. Gazi University Journal of Science 18, no. 1 (August 2010): 17-25.
EndNote Kıran Y, Şahin A (August 1, 2010) KURŞUNUN LENS CULINARIS MEDİK. TOHUMLARININ ÇİMLENMESİ, KÖK GELİŞİMİ VE KÖK UCU HÜCRELERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ MİTOTİK ETKİLERİ. Gazi University Journal of Science 18 1 17–25.
IEEE Y. Kıran and A. Şahin, “KURŞUNUN LENS CULINARIS MEDİK. TOHUMLARININ ÇİMLENMESİ, KÖK GELİŞİMİ VE KÖK UCU HÜCRELERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ MİTOTİK ETKİLERİ”, Gazi University Journal of Science, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 17–25, 2010.
ISNAD Kıran, Yaşar - Şahin, Ahmet. “KURŞUNUN LENS CULINARIS MEDİK. TOHUMLARININ ÇİMLENMESİ, KÖK GELİŞİMİ VE KÖK UCU HÜCRELERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ MİTOTİK ETKİLERİ”. Gazi University Journal of Science 18/1 (August 2010), 17-25.
JAMA Kıran Y, Şahin A. KURŞUNUN LENS CULINARIS MEDİK. TOHUMLARININ ÇİMLENMESİ, KÖK GELİŞİMİ VE KÖK UCU HÜCRELERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ MİTOTİK ETKİLERİ. Gazi University Journal of Science. 2010;18:17–25.
MLA Kıran, Yaşar and Ahmet Şahin. “KURŞUNUN LENS CULINARIS MEDİK. TOHUMLARININ ÇİMLENMESİ, KÖK GELİŞİMİ VE KÖK UCU HÜCRELERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ MİTOTİK ETKİLERİ”. Gazi University Journal of Science, vol. 18, no. 1, 2010, pp. 17-25.
Vancouver Kıran Y, Şahin A. KURŞUNUN LENS CULINARIS MEDİK. TOHUMLARININ ÇİMLENMESİ, KÖK GELİŞİMİ VE KÖK UCU HÜCRELERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ MİTOTİK ETKİLERİ. Gazi University Journal of Science. 2010;18(1):17-25.