In Vitro Koşullarda Halofit Bitkilerden Salsola soda ve Portulaca oleracea’nın NaCl Stresine Karşı Çimlenme ve Gelişim Durumları
Abstract
Tohumların çimlenmesinde tuz stresi önemli bir etkiye sahiptir. Yüksek tuz stresinde tohumların çimlenebilmesi, türün tolerans kabiliyetine bağlıdır. Tuza tolerans gösteren bitkilerin yaşam döngüleri içinde tuza duyarlı oldukları en kritik dönem çimlenme ve fide dönemleridir. Bu çalışmada tuz stresine toleranslı halofit bitkilerden Salsola soda ve Portulaca oleracea’nın çimlenme aşamasında artan NaCl dozlarına (0-, 50-, 100-, 150-, 200-, 250-, 300-, 350-, 400-, 450-, 500-, 550 ve 600 mM) karşı toleransı belirlenmiştir. Petri kaplarında çimlenen tohumların ikinci hafta sonunda çimlenme yüzdesi, radikul ve hipokotil uzunluğu, yaş ağırlık, çimlenme ve vigor indeksleri artan tuz stresi ile negatif bir ilişki göstermiştir (P<0.01). Tuz stresi altındaki tohumların potansiyel çimlenme gücü probit analiz yöntemi ile belirlenmiş, tohum populasyonunun %50’sini engelleyen tuz konsantrasyonu (IC50); Salsola soda’da 454- Portulaca oleracea’da 377 mM NaCl olarak bulunmuştur. Her iki bitkide 200 mM NaCl düzeyine kadar, prolin sentezi ve antioksidant enzim (CAT ve POX) aktiviteleri artmıştır. Ancak 250 mM NaCl seviyesinde bu metabolitlerin seviyesinde düşüşler görülmüştür (P<0.01). Çimlenmenin engellendiği en üst seviye, Portulaca oleracea için 450 mM, Salsola soda için ise 500 mM NaCl olarak belirlenmiştir. Stres metabolitlerinin sentezlenebildiği en üst sınırlar ise aynı türler için 400 ve 450 mM olarak bulunmuştur. Bu bitkilerin tuza karşı fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal tepkileri ortaya konmuştur.
Keywords
References
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Year 2015,
Volume: 19 Issue: 2, 66 - 74, 09.12.2015
Abstract
References
- Aebi, H.,1984. Catalase in Vitro. Method enzym 105: 121-126.
- Aranson, J.A., 1989. Haloph: A database of salt tolerants plants of the world. offce of arid land studies, university of Arizona.
- Bates, L.S., Waldren, R.P., Teare, I.D., 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and Soil 39: 205-207.
- Cvikrová, M., Hrubcova, M., Vagner, M., Machackova, I., Eder, J., 1994. Phenolic acids and peroxidase activity in Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa) embryogenic cultures after ethephon treatment. Physiol. Plant. 91, 226-233.
- Dikilitaş, M and Karakaş, S., 2010. Salt as Potential Environmental Pollutants, Their Types, Effects on Plants, and Approaches for Their Phytoremediation. Plant Adaptation and Phytoremediation (Edited by M. Ashraf, M. Ozturk, M.S.A. Ahmad). Springer Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London, New York, 357-383.
- Hardegree, S.P., Emmerich, W.E. 1990. partitioning of water potential and specific salt effects on seed germination of four grasses. Ann. Bot. 66: 587-595.
- Integrated Taxonomic Information Service 2007. Salsola soda L. report for taxonomic serial number 504989.
- Kacar, B. 1996. Bitki Fizyolojisi. Ankara üniv., ziraat fak. yayınları, toprak bölümü, no. 1447.
- Karakaş, S. 2013. Farklı tuz seviyelerindeki topraklarda yetiştirilen domatesin gelişimi ve bazı fizyolojik özellikleri ile toprak iyileştirilmesi üzerine arkadaş bitkilerin ekileri. Harran üniversitesi fen bilimleri enstitüsü toprak bilimi ve bitki besleme ana bilim dalı, doktora tezi.
- Keiffer, C.W., Ungar I.A. 1995. Germination responses of halophyte seeds exposed to prolonged hyper-saline conditions. In: Khan, M.A and Ungar I.A. (eds.) Biology of salt tolerant plants: 43-50. Dep. Bot. Univ. Karachi, Pakistan.
- Khan, M.A., Rizvi, Y., 1994.Effect of salinity, temperature and growth regulators on the germination and early seedling growth of Atriplex griffthii. Can. J. Bot., 72: 475-479.
- Khan, M.A., Seith, K.H. 1996. Effecth of different levels of salinity on seed germination and growth of Capsicum annum. Biologia 22: 15-16.
- Khan, M.A., Ungar, I.A.1997. Effect of termoperiod on recovery of seed germination of halopytes from saline condotions. Am. J. Bot. 84: 279-283.
- Khan, M.A. 2002. Halophyte seed germination: success and pitfalls. In : Hegazi, A.M. (ed.), International symposium on optimum resorce utilazition in salt effected ecosystem in arid and semi arid regions: 346-358.
- Khan, M.H., Panda, S.K., 2008. Alterations in root lipid peroxidation and antioxidative responses in two rice cultivars under NaCl-salinity stress. Acta Physiol Plant 30: 81–89.
- Kingel J., Galili G., 1995. Seed development and germination, Marcel Dekker, New York.
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- Subbaraoa, G.V., Itoa, O., Berryb, W.L., Wheele, R.M. 2003. Sodium a functional plant nutrient. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 22: 391-416.
- Sharma, P., Jha, A.B., Dubey, R.S., Pessarakli, M. 2012. Reactive oxygen species, oxidative damage, and antioxidative defense mechanism in plants under stressful conditions,” Journal of Botany, vol. 2012,Article ID 217037, 26 p.
- Toole E.H., Hendricks S.B., 1996. Physiology of seed germination, Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 7: 299-324.
- Turan S., Tripathy, B.C. 2013. Salt and genotype impact on antioxidative enzymes and lipid peroxidation in two rice cultivars during de-etiolation,” Protoplasma, vol. 250, no. 1, pp. 209–222.
- Ungar, I.A. 1996. Effect of salinity on seed germination, growth and ion accumulation of Atripleks partula (Chenopodiaceae). Am. J. Bot. 83: 604-607.
- Zivkovic, S., Devic, M., Fılıpovıć, B., Gıba, Z., Grubısıc, D. 2007. Effect of NaCl on seed germination in some Centaurium Hill. species (Gentianaceae). Arch. Biol. Sci. 59 (3): 227-231.
- Zhou, Y.X., Xin, H.L., Rahman, K., Wang,S.J., Peng, C., Zhan, H., 2015. Portulaca oleracea L.: A Review of Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Effects. BioMed Research International, Article ID 925631, 11p.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/925631.
There are 24 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 9, 2015 |
| Submission Date | December 9, 2015 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2015 Volume: 19 Issue: 2 |
Indexing and Abstracting