Abstract
The increase in population worldwide causes an increase in anthropogenic effects such as agriculture and industry, and as a result, the habitat of many naturally living species is changing. Because of this change, it is known that the species that adapt to the environment live, and the ones that do not adapt either migrate or their generation is endangered. Birds are species-rich and unique in their adaptation to a wide variety of habitats. In Şanlıurfa, both the construction of dams and the increase in agricultural activities affect bird diversity significantly. Therefore, it is important to take precautions by investigating their phylogenetic origins and migration routes. The aim of the present study is to perform phylogenetic analysis using mtDNA COI marker for some wild bird species in Şanlıurfa. Muscle tissue was taken from nine wild bird species, DNA isolation was performed using a commercial kit, and the target gene region was amplified by using PCR method. The genetic structure of the species was determined by sequence analysis of the obtained target PCR products and a phylogenetic tree was drawn. The results were evaluated at haplotype level by comparing with the sequences in the gene bank. It was determined that the haplotypes determined for Tyto alba, Ciconia ciconia, and Elanus caeruleus species were new and not found in other countries.
Keywords
References
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- 12. Parmaksız, A., Population Genetic Diversity of Yellow Barbell (Carasobarbus luteus) from Kueik, Euphrates and Tigris Rivers Based on Mitochondrial DNA D-loop Sequences Turk. J. Fish.& Aquat. Sci., 2020. 20(1): p. 79-86.
- 13. Parmaksız, A., Determination of genetic variations by using mitochondrial DNA cyt b sequences in populations of Carasobarbus luteus (Cyprinidae). Aquatic Research, 2021. 4(4): p. 313-320.
- 14. Frankham, R., D.A. Briscoe, and J.D. Ballou, Introduction to Conservation Genetics. Cambridge University Press 2002.
- 15. Spielman, D., B. W. Brook, and R. Frankham, Most species are not driven to extinction before genetic factors impact them. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2004. 101(42): p. 15261-15264.
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Abstract
Dünya genelinde nüfusun artması, tarım ve sanayii gibi antropojenik kökenli etkilerin artmasına neden olmakta ve bunun sonucunda doğal olarak yaşayan birçok canlı türünün habitatı değişmektedir. Bu değişiklikten dolayı ortama adapte olan türler yaşamakta adapte olmayanlar ise ya göç etmekte ya da nesillerinin tehlike altına girdiği bilinmektedir. Kuşlar, tür açısından zengin olup çok çeşitli habitatlara adaptasyonlarında benzersizdir. Şanlıurfa’da hem barajların yapılması hem de tarımsal faaliyetlerin artması kuş çeşitliliğini önemli derecede etkilemektedir. Bu yüzden filogenetik kökenlerini ve göç yollarını araştırarak önlemlerin alınması önem arz etmektedir. Mevcut çalışmanın amacı, Şanlıurfa ilinde bulunan bazı yabani kanatlı kuş türleri için mtDNA COI markörü kullanılarak filogenetik analizinin yapılmasıdır. Dokuz yaban kuş türünden kas dokusu alınıp, ticari kit kullanılarak DNA izolasyonu gerçekleştirilmiş ve PCR yöntemi kullanılarak hedef gen bölgesi çoğaltılmıştır. Elde edilen hedef PCR ürünleri dizi analizi yapılarak türlerin genetik yapısı belirlenmiş ve filogenetik ağaç çizilmiştir. Gen bankasındaki sekanslar ile karşılaştırılarak sonuçlar haplotip düzeyinde değerlendirilmiştir. Tyto alba, Ciconia ciconia, ve Elanus caeruleus türleri için tespit edilen haplotiplerin yeni olduğu ve diğer ülkelerde olmayan haplotipler olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Keywords
References
- 1. Stiller, J. and G. Zhang, Comparative phylogenomics, a stepping stone for bird biodiversity studies. Diversity, 2019. 11(7): p. 115.
- 2. Whelan, C.J., D.G. Wenny and R.J. Marquis, Ecosystem Services Provided by Birds. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2008. 1134(1): p. 25–60.
- 3. Pereira, H. and H.D. Cooper, Towards the global monitoring of biodiversity change. Trends Ecol. Evol, 2006. 21(3): p. 123–129.
- 4. Scharlemann, J., et al., Global biodiversity: Indicators of recent declines. Science, 2010. 328 (5982): p. 1164–1168.
- 5. Parmaksiz, A., Genetic diversity and population structure analysis of Capoeta trutta (Heckel, 1843) in Turkey and Iraq based on mitochondrial d loop gene. Gene Reports, 2023. 31: p. 101761.
- 6. Brusatte S.L., J.K. O’Connor, and E.D. Jarvis, The origin and diversification of birds. Current Biology, 2015. 25(19): p. R888–98.
- 7. Ursing, B.M., and U. Arnason, The complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the pig (Sus scrofa). Journal of Molecular Evolution, 1998. 47(3): p. 302-306.
- 8. Gupta, A., et al., Mitochondrial DNA-a tool for phylogenetic and biodiversity search in equines. J Biodivers Endanger Species, 2015. 1: p.006.
- 9. Folmer, O., et al., DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates. Molecular Marine Biology and Biotechnology, 1994. 3(5): p. 294–299.
- 10. Kumar, S., et al., MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across computing platforms. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 2018. 35: p. 1547-1549.
- 11. Toprak, H. H. C., Gaziantep ili kuş (Classis: Aves) türlerinin sistematiği ve ekonomisi (Doctoral dissertation, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Gaziantep Üniversitesi, Gaziantep, 2004. p. 119.
- 12. Parmaksız, A., Population Genetic Diversity of Yellow Barbell (Carasobarbus luteus) from Kueik, Euphrates and Tigris Rivers Based on Mitochondrial DNA D-loop Sequences Turk. J. Fish.& Aquat. Sci., 2020. 20(1): p. 79-86.
- 13. Parmaksız, A., Determination of genetic variations by using mitochondrial DNA cyt b sequences in populations of Carasobarbus luteus (Cyprinidae). Aquatic Research, 2021. 4(4): p. 313-320.
- 14. Frankham, R., D.A. Briscoe, and J.D. Ballou, Introduction to Conservation Genetics. Cambridge University Press 2002.
- 15. Spielman, D., B. W. Brook, and R. Frankham, Most species are not driven to extinction before genetic factors impact them. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2004. 101(42): p. 15261-15264.
- 16. Manel, S. et al., Global determinants of freshwater and marine fish genetic diversity. Nature Communications, 2020. 11(1): p. 692.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Structural Biology |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | July 30, 2023 |
| Publication Date | August 15, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 6 Issue: 2 |
