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Acaricidal Effect of Orange Essential Oil on Two Spotted Spidermite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) under Laboratory Conditions

Year 2023, Volume: 20 Issue: 2, 410 - 417, 22.05.2023

İpek Yaşar Şahin Kök İsmail Kasap

https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1148184

Abstract

Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) is one of the phytophagous pests that cause serious economic losses in many cultivated plants. In the control of T. urticae, the use of chemicals usually comes to the fore. However, the use of chemicals in excessive amounts and in inappropriate times and doses causes many negativities because they leave residue and toxic effects on the products. Recently, studies on the effects of extracts obtained from plants on agricultural pests have been increasing day by day and yield successful results. In the study, the effect of an insecticide, which is a commercial formulation of orange oil, on egg laying behavior and acaricidal effect on T. urticae at different doses were investigated. The experiments were carried out in laboratory conditions at 65±10% humidity and 25±2°C temperature conditions, on bean leaves, using leaf disc dipping method, using 5 different application doses (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 1 and 2 ml of 100 ml-1 water) and 5 was carried out recursively. Observations were made at 1, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after the application by taking the counts of dead and live individuals. As a result of this study, the highest acaricidal effect on T. urticae individuals was determined with a mortality rate of 75.56% at 2% concentration of orange oil 96 hours after the application. In the 96th hour observations, the lowest acaricidal effect was detected at a concentration of 20% to 0.2%. Accordingly, it was observed that the acaricide effect increased as the concentration and duration of the orange oil studied in the study increased. When the effect of the insecticide with orange oil active substance on the egg laying behavior of T. urticae was examined, the number of eggs in the control group was determined as 99.40±1.26 at the same observation time, at the 2% concentration of the insecticide used, while 8.80±1.87 eggs were detected at the end of 96 hours. As a result, the acaricidal effect of orange oil on T. urticae shows that it can be used as an alternative control agent to chemical control.

Keywords

Egg-laying Acaricidal effect Herbal extract Orange oil Tetranychus urticae

References

  • Abbot, W. S. A. (1925). Method of comparing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology, 18: 265–267.
  • Akhtar, Y., Isman, M. B., Lee, C. H., Lee, S. G. and Lee, H. S. (2012). Toxicity of quinones against two-spotted spider mite and three species of aphids in laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Industrial Crops and Products, 37(1): 536–541.
  • Anonim (2021). Prev-am ® . Oro Agri Avrupa Sss. https://www.oroagri.eu/tr/faq/prev-am-faq/. (Erişim Tarihi: 09.09.2021).
  • Araujo-Junior, C. P., Da Camara, C. A. G., Neves, I. A., Ribeiro, N. C., Gomes, C. A., Moraes, M. M. and Botelho, O. S. (2010). Acaricidal activity and chemical composition of peel essential oils of three Citrus species cultivated in NE Brazil. Natural Product Communications, 5(3): 471– 476.
  • Attia, S., Grissa, K. L., Ghrabi, Z. G., Mailleux, A. C., Lognay, G. and Hance, T. (2011). Assessment of the acaricidal activity of several plant extracts on the phytophagous mite Tetranychus urticae (Tetranychidae) in Tunisian citrus orchards. Bulletin de la Société Royale Belge d'Entomologie/ van de Koninklijke Belgische Vereniging Voor Entomologie, 147: 71–79.
  • Budak, E., Yigit, Ş., Aşkın, A. K., Akça, İ. ve Saruhan, İ. (2022). Bazı uçucu yağların Macrosiphum rosae (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)'ya insektisidal etkilerinin belirlenmesi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(1): 101-107.
  • Da Camara, C. A. G., Akhtar, Y., Isman, M. B., Seffrin, R. C. and Born, F. S. (2015). Repellent activity of essential oils from two species of citrus against Tetranychus urticae in the laboratory and greenhouse. Crop Protection, 74:110–115.
  • Dermauw, W., Wybouw, N., Rombauts, S., Menten, B., Vontas, J., Grbic, M., Clark, R. M., Feyereisen, F. and Van Leeuwen, T. (2013). A link between host plant adaptation and pesticide resistance in the polyphagous spider mite Tetranychus urticae. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110: 113-122.
  • El-Badawy, S.S. (2015). Insecticidal and repellent activities of citrus peel oils against mealybug Icerya seychellarum (Westwood). Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research, 93(3):791–808.
  • Erdoğan, E., Saltan, G. ve Sever, B. (2010). Acı Biber (Capsicum annum L.) ekstraktının iki noktalı kırmızıörümcek, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Arachnida: Tetranychidae)’ye akarisit etkisi. Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 50: 35-43.
  • Erdoğan, P., Yıldırım, A. and Sever, B. (2012). Investigations on the effects of five different plant extracts on the two-spotted mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Arachnida: Tetranychidae). Hindawi Publishing Corporation Psyche, 2012: 1-5.
  • Feng, R. and Isman, M.B. (1995). Selection for resistance to azadirachtin in the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae. Experiantia, 51: 831-833.
  • Hassan, M. F., El-Badawy, S. S., Draz, M. G. and Ibrahim, E. S. (2021). New acaricidal activities and chemical compositions of orange oil and extracts of (wild mint and henna) against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 54(19-20): 1848-1863.
  • Helle, W. and Sabelis, M. W. (1985). Spider mites. Their biology, natural enemies and control. World Crop Pests, 1B. Elsevier, Amsterdam, New York. 458 sf.
  • Isman, M. B. (2019). Commercial development of plant essential oils and their constituents as active ingredients in bioinsecticides. Phytochemistry Reviews, 19(2): 235–241.
  • Isman, M. B. (2006). Botanical insecticides, deterrents, and repellents in modern agriculture and an increasingly regulated world. Annual Review of Entomology, 51: 45-66.
  • Jeppson, L. R., Keifer, H.H. and Baker, E.W. (1975). Mites injurious to economic plants. University of California Pres, Berkeley 614 sf.
  • Karabüyük, F. ve Aysan, Y. (2019). Bazı bitki ekstraktlarının Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato’nun neden olduğu domates bakteriyel benek hastalığına antibakteriyel etkisi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 16 (2): 231- 243.
  • Kasap, İ. ve Kök, Ş. (2019). Bazı bitki ekstraktlarının iki noktalı kırmızı örümcek, Tetranychus urticae Koch üzerine insektisit etkisinin belirlenmesi. ÇOMÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 2019(1): 137–144.
  • Kim, Y. J., Lee, S. H., Lee, S. W. and Ahn, Y. J. (2004). Fenpyroximate resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae): cross-resistance and biochemical resistance mechanisms. Pest Management Science, 60(10): 1001-1006.
  • Migeon, A. and Dorkeld, F. (2017). Spider Mites Web: A Comprehensive Database for the Tetranychidae. Montpellier: INRA-CBGP. http://www.montpellier.inra.fr/CBGP/spmweb (Erişim Tarihi: 07.09.2021).
  • Miresmailli, S. and Isman, M. B. (2006). Efficacy and persistence of rosemary oil as an acaricide against two spotted spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) on greenhouse tomato. Journal of Economic Entomology, 99: 2015-2023.
  • Motazedian, N., Ravan, S. and Bandani, A. R. (2012). Toxicity and repellency effects of three essential oils against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 14(2): 275–284.
  • Pavela, R. (2013). Efficacy of naphthoquinones as insecticides against the house fly, Musca domestica L. Industrial Crops and Products, 43: 745–750.
  • Pavela, R. (2016). Acaricidal properties of extracts of some medicinal and culinary plants against Tetranychus urticae Koch. Plant Protection Science, 52(1): 54-63.
  • Reddy, S. G. E. and Dolma, S. K. (2017). Acaricidal activities of essential oils against two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. Toxin Reviews, 37(1): 62–66.
  • Roh, H. S., Lim, E. G., Kim, J. and Park, C. G. (2011). Acaricidal and oviposition deterring effects of santalol identified in sandalwood oil against two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Pest Science, 84: 495-501.
  • Stumpf, N. and Nauen, R. (2001). Cross-resistance, inheritance and biochemistry of mitochondrial electron transport inhibitör-acaricide resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomololgy, 94(6): 1577-1583.
  • Stumpf, N. and Nauen, R. (2002). Biochemical markers linked to abamaectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 72: 111-121.
  • Van Leeuwen, T., Vontas, J., Tsagkarakou, A., Dermauw, W. and Tirry, L. (2010). Acaricide resistance mechanisms in the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae and other important Acari: a review. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 40(8): 563-572.
  • Van Leeuwen, T. V., Tirry, L. and Nauen, R. (2006). Complete maternal inheritance of bfenazate resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) and its implications in mode of action considerations. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 36: 869-877.
  • Wewetzer, A. (1998). Callus cultures of Azadirachta indica and their potential for the production of azadirachtin. Phytoparasitica, 26(1): 47-52.
  • Yorulmaz Salman, S., Saritas, S., Kara, N., Aydınlı, F. and Ay, R. (2015). Contact, repellency and ovicidal effects of four lamiaceae plant essential oils against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 18(4): 857-872.
  • Yorulmaz Salman, S., Saritas, S., Kara, N. and Ay, R. (2014). Acaricidal and ovicidal effects of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) (Lamiaceae) extracts on Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Agricultural Science, 20: 358-367.

Portakal Yağının Laboratuvar Koşullarında İki Noktalı Kırmızıörümcek, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) Üzerine Akarisit Etkisi

Year 2023, Volume: 20 Issue: 2, 410 - 417, 22.05.2023

İpek Yaşar Şahin Kök İsmail Kasap

https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1148184

Abstract

Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) birçok kültür bitkisinde ciddi ekonomik kayıplara sebep olan fitofag zararlılardan biridir. T. urticae’nin mücadelesinde genellikle kimyasal kullanımı ön plana çıkmaktadır. Ancak kimyasalların fazla miktarlarda ve uygun olmayan zaman ve dozlarda kullanımı, ürünler üzerinde kalıntı ve toksik etki bırakması nedeni ile birçok olumsuzluğa neden olmaktadır. Son zamanlarda bitkilerden elde edilen ekstraktların tarımsal zararlılar üzerindeki etki çalışmaları gün geçtikçe artmakta ve başarılı sonuçlar vermektedir. Yapılan bu çalışmada, portakal yağının ticari formülasyonu olan bir insektisitin farklı dozlarda T. urticae üzerindeki yumurta bırakma davranışına yönelik etkisi ve akarisidal etkisi araştırılmıştır. Denemeler laboratuvar şartlarında %65±10 nem ve 25±2°C sıcaklık koşullarında, fasulye yaprakları üzerinde, yaprak disk daldırma yöntemi ile 5 farklı uygulama dozu (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 1 ve 2 ml 100 ml-1 su) kullanılarak ve 5 tekerrür olarak yürütülmüştür. Gözlemler uygulamadan 1, 24, 48, 72 ve 96 saat sonra ölü ve canlı birey sayımları alınarak yapılmıştır. Yapılan bu çalışma sonucunda T. urticae bireyleri üzerindeki en yüksek akarisit etkinin uygulamadan 96 saat sonra portakal yağının %2 konsantrasyonunda %75.56 ölüm oranı ile belirlenmiştir. 96. saat gözlemlerinde en düşük akarisit etki ise %20 ile %0.2’lik konsantrasyonda tespit edilmiştir. Buna göre çalışmada ele alınan portakal yağının konsantrasyon ve süresi arttıkça akarisit etkisinin de arttığı gözlenmiştir. Portakal yağı aktif maddeli insektisitin T. urticae’nin yumurta bırakma davranışı üzerindeki etkisine bakıldığında ise kullanılan insektisitin %2 konsantrasyonunda 96 saat sonunda 8.80±1.87 yumurta sayısı tespit edilirken aynı gözlem zamanında kontrol grubundaki yumurta sayısı 99.40±1.26 olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak portakal yağının T. urticae üzerinde sağladığı akarisidal etki, kimyasal mücadeleye alternatif bir mücadele etmeni olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

Yumurta bırakma Akarisit etki Bitkisel ekstrakt Portakal yağı Tetranychus urticae.

References

  • Abbot, W. S. A. (1925). Method of comparing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology, 18: 265–267.
  • Akhtar, Y., Isman, M. B., Lee, C. H., Lee, S. G. and Lee, H. S. (2012). Toxicity of quinones against two-spotted spider mite and three species of aphids in laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Industrial Crops and Products, 37(1): 536–541.
  • Anonim (2021). Prev-am ® . Oro Agri Avrupa Sss. https://www.oroagri.eu/tr/faq/prev-am-faq/. (Erişim Tarihi: 09.09.2021).
  • Araujo-Junior, C. P., Da Camara, C. A. G., Neves, I. A., Ribeiro, N. C., Gomes, C. A., Moraes, M. M. and Botelho, O. S. (2010). Acaricidal activity and chemical composition of peel essential oils of three Citrus species cultivated in NE Brazil. Natural Product Communications, 5(3): 471– 476.
  • Attia, S., Grissa, K. L., Ghrabi, Z. G., Mailleux, A. C., Lognay, G. and Hance, T. (2011). Assessment of the acaricidal activity of several plant extracts on the phytophagous mite Tetranychus urticae (Tetranychidae) in Tunisian citrus orchards. Bulletin de la Société Royale Belge d'Entomologie/ van de Koninklijke Belgische Vereniging Voor Entomologie, 147: 71–79.
  • Budak, E., Yigit, Ş., Aşkın, A. K., Akça, İ. ve Saruhan, İ. (2022). Bazı uçucu yağların Macrosiphum rosae (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)'ya insektisidal etkilerinin belirlenmesi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(1): 101-107.
  • Da Camara, C. A. G., Akhtar, Y., Isman, M. B., Seffrin, R. C. and Born, F. S. (2015). Repellent activity of essential oils from two species of citrus against Tetranychus urticae in the laboratory and greenhouse. Crop Protection, 74:110–115.
  • Dermauw, W., Wybouw, N., Rombauts, S., Menten, B., Vontas, J., Grbic, M., Clark, R. M., Feyereisen, F. and Van Leeuwen, T. (2013). A link between host plant adaptation and pesticide resistance in the polyphagous spider mite Tetranychus urticae. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110: 113-122.
  • El-Badawy, S.S. (2015). Insecticidal and repellent activities of citrus peel oils against mealybug Icerya seychellarum (Westwood). Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research, 93(3):791–808.
  • Erdoğan, E., Saltan, G. ve Sever, B. (2010). Acı Biber (Capsicum annum L.) ekstraktının iki noktalı kırmızıörümcek, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Arachnida: Tetranychidae)’ye akarisit etkisi. Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 50: 35-43.
  • Erdoğan, P., Yıldırım, A. and Sever, B. (2012). Investigations on the effects of five different plant extracts on the two-spotted mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Arachnida: Tetranychidae). Hindawi Publishing Corporation Psyche, 2012: 1-5.
  • Feng, R. and Isman, M.B. (1995). Selection for resistance to azadirachtin in the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae. Experiantia, 51: 831-833.
  • Hassan, M. F., El-Badawy, S. S., Draz, M. G. and Ibrahim, E. S. (2021). New acaricidal activities and chemical compositions of orange oil and extracts of (wild mint and henna) against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 54(19-20): 1848-1863.
  • Helle, W. and Sabelis, M. W. (1985). Spider mites. Their biology, natural enemies and control. World Crop Pests, 1B. Elsevier, Amsterdam, New York. 458 sf.
  • Isman, M. B. (2019). Commercial development of plant essential oils and their constituents as active ingredients in bioinsecticides. Phytochemistry Reviews, 19(2): 235–241.
  • Isman, M. B. (2006). Botanical insecticides, deterrents, and repellents in modern agriculture and an increasingly regulated world. Annual Review of Entomology, 51: 45-66.
  • Jeppson, L. R., Keifer, H.H. and Baker, E.W. (1975). Mites injurious to economic plants. University of California Pres, Berkeley 614 sf.
  • Karabüyük, F. ve Aysan, Y. (2019). Bazı bitki ekstraktlarının Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato’nun neden olduğu domates bakteriyel benek hastalığına antibakteriyel etkisi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 16 (2): 231- 243.
  • Kasap, İ. ve Kök, Ş. (2019). Bazı bitki ekstraktlarının iki noktalı kırmızı örümcek, Tetranychus urticae Koch üzerine insektisit etkisinin belirlenmesi. ÇOMÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 2019(1): 137–144.
  • Kim, Y. J., Lee, S. H., Lee, S. W. and Ahn, Y. J. (2004). Fenpyroximate resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae): cross-resistance and biochemical resistance mechanisms. Pest Management Science, 60(10): 1001-1006.
  • Migeon, A. and Dorkeld, F. (2017). Spider Mites Web: A Comprehensive Database for the Tetranychidae. Montpellier: INRA-CBGP. http://www.montpellier.inra.fr/CBGP/spmweb (Erişim Tarihi: 07.09.2021).
  • Miresmailli, S. and Isman, M. B. (2006). Efficacy and persistence of rosemary oil as an acaricide against two spotted spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) on greenhouse tomato. Journal of Economic Entomology, 99: 2015-2023.
  • Motazedian, N., Ravan, S. and Bandani, A. R. (2012). Toxicity and repellency effects of three essential oils against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 14(2): 275–284.
  • Pavela, R. (2013). Efficacy of naphthoquinones as insecticides against the house fly, Musca domestica L. Industrial Crops and Products, 43: 745–750.
  • Pavela, R. (2016). Acaricidal properties of extracts of some medicinal and culinary plants against Tetranychus urticae Koch. Plant Protection Science, 52(1): 54-63.
  • Reddy, S. G. E. and Dolma, S. K. (2017). Acaricidal activities of essential oils against two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. Toxin Reviews, 37(1): 62–66.
  • Roh, H. S., Lim, E. G., Kim, J. and Park, C. G. (2011). Acaricidal and oviposition deterring effects of santalol identified in sandalwood oil against two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Pest Science, 84: 495-501.
  • Stumpf, N. and Nauen, R. (2001). Cross-resistance, inheritance and biochemistry of mitochondrial electron transport inhibitör-acaricide resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomololgy, 94(6): 1577-1583.
  • Stumpf, N. and Nauen, R. (2002). Biochemical markers linked to abamaectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 72: 111-121.
  • Van Leeuwen, T., Vontas, J., Tsagkarakou, A., Dermauw, W. and Tirry, L. (2010). Acaricide resistance mechanisms in the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae and other important Acari: a review. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 40(8): 563-572.
  • Van Leeuwen, T. V., Tirry, L. and Nauen, R. (2006). Complete maternal inheritance of bfenazate resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) and its implications in mode of action considerations. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 36: 869-877.
  • Wewetzer, A. (1998). Callus cultures of Azadirachta indica and their potential for the production of azadirachtin. Phytoparasitica, 26(1): 47-52.
  • Yorulmaz Salman, S., Saritas, S., Kara, N., Aydınlı, F. and Ay, R. (2015). Contact, repellency and ovicidal effects of four lamiaceae plant essential oils against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 18(4): 857-872.
  • Yorulmaz Salman, S., Saritas, S., Kara, N. and Ay, R. (2014). Acaricidal and ovicidal effects of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) (Lamiaceae) extracts on Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Agricultural Science, 20: 358-367.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

İpek Yaşar 0000-0002-1447-6232

Şahin Kök 0000-0002-1092-8596

İsmail Kasap 0000-0002-0015-4558

Early Pub Date May 8, 2023
Publication Date May 22, 2023
Submission Date July 24, 2022
Acceptance Date December 7, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 20 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Yaşar, İ., Kök, Ş., & Kasap, İ. (2023). Portakal Yağının Laboratuvar Koşullarında İki Noktalı Kırmızıörümcek, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) Üzerine Akarisit Etkisi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(2), 410-417. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1148184
AMA Yaşar İ, Kök Ş, Kasap İ. Portakal Yağının Laboratuvar Koşullarında İki Noktalı Kırmızıörümcek, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) Üzerine Akarisit Etkisi. JOTAF. May 2023;20(2):410-417. doi:10.33462/jotaf.1148184
Chicago Yaşar, İpek, Şahin Kök, and İsmail Kasap. “Portakal Yağının Laboratuvar Koşullarında İki Noktalı Kırmızıörümcek, Tetranychus Urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) Üzerine Akarisit Etkisi”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 20, no. 2 (May 2023): 410-17. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1148184.
EndNote Yaşar İ, Kök Ş, Kasap İ (May 1, 2023) Portakal Yağının Laboratuvar Koşullarında İki Noktalı Kırmızıörümcek, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) Üzerine Akarisit Etkisi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 20 2 410–417.
IEEE İ. Yaşar, Ş. Kök, and İ. Kasap, “Portakal Yağının Laboratuvar Koşullarında İki Noktalı Kırmızıörümcek, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) Üzerine Akarisit Etkisi”, JOTAF, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 410–417, 2023, doi: 10.33462/jotaf.1148184.
ISNAD Yaşar, İpek et al. “Portakal Yağının Laboratuvar Koşullarında İki Noktalı Kırmızıörümcek, Tetranychus Urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) Üzerine Akarisit Etkisi”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 20/2 (May 2023), 410-417. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1148184.
JAMA Yaşar İ, Kök Ş, Kasap İ. Portakal Yağının Laboratuvar Koşullarında İki Noktalı Kırmızıörümcek, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) Üzerine Akarisit Etkisi. JOTAF. 2023;20:410–417.
MLA Yaşar, İpek et al. “Portakal Yağının Laboratuvar Koşullarında İki Noktalı Kırmızıörümcek, Tetranychus Urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) Üzerine Akarisit Etkisi”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 20, no. 2, 2023, pp. 410-7, doi:10.33462/jotaf.1148184.
Vancouver Yaşar İ, Kök Ş, Kasap İ. Portakal Yağının Laboratuvar Koşullarında İki Noktalı Kırmızıörümcek, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) Üzerine Akarisit Etkisi. JOTAF. 2023;20(2):410-7.
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