Fatty Acid Composition, Antioxidant, and Enzyme Inhibition Activities of Cachrys Crassiloba (Boiss.) Meikle Fruit and Leaf Extracts

Tuğsen Büyükyıldırım; Yavuz Bağcı; Nuraniye Eruygur; Muhammed Raşit Bakır

doi:10.18596/jotcsa.1390152

Research Article

Fatty Acid Composition, Antioxidant, and Enzyme Inhibition Activities of Cachrys Crassiloba (Boiss.) Meikle Fruit and Leaf Extracts

Year 2024, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 723 - 730

Tuğsen Büyükyıldırım Yavuz Bağcı Nuraniye Eruygur Muhammed Raşit Bakır

https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.1390152

Abstract

The genus Cachrys L. (Apiaceae) is distributed in the Mediterranean region and contains 11 species. C. crassiloba (Boiss.) Meikle is a species that grows in Southwest and Western Anatolia. Considering the literature studies, there were not enough studies on C. crassiloba. In this study, fatty acid composition, total phenol/flavonoid contents, antioxidant and acetyl-butrylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition activities of n-hexane and ethanol extracts prepared from C. crassiloba fruits and leaves were investigated by spectrophotometric methods at different concentrations. When the results were evaluated, it was found that the hexane extract of C. crassiloba leaf (123.92 ± 4.62 GA mg/g extract) had the highest total phenol content, while the ethanol extract of C. crassiloba fruit (134.38 ± 0.98 QE mg/g extract) had the highest flavonoid content. C. crassiloba hexane and ethanol leaf extracts (IC50= 8.04 ± 1.31 µg/mL; 10.30 ± 3.15 µg/mL) showed good antioxidant activity com-pared to the ascorbic acid (IC50= 14.59 ± 1.96 µg/mL) in DPPH assay. C. crassiloba leaf ethanol extract (IC50= 17.38 ± 5.02 µg/mL) has the highest ABTS scavenging activity. C. crassiloba extracts have mod-erate cholinesterase inhibitory activity. C. crassiloba leaf ethanol extract (IC50= 196.65 ± 1.94 µg/mL) has good tyrosinase enzyme inhibition activity. C. crassiloba leaf hexane extract (36.35% ± 1.13) was found to have significant inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase. In conclusion, besides its antioxidant activity, C. crassiloba may be effective against neurodegenerative diseases and skin disorders such as hyperpigmentation and diabetes mellitus, but further phytochemical analysis studies are required.

Keywords

Cachrys crassiloba, Apiaceae, Fatty acid composition, Antioxidant activity, Enzyme inhibition activity

References

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7. Eruygur N, Ucar E, Akpulat HA, Shahsavari K, Safavi SM, Kahrizi D. In vitro antioxidant assessment, screening of enzyme inhibitory activities of methanol and water extracts and gene expression in Hypericum lydium. Mol Biol Rep [Internet]. 2019 Apr 14;46(2):2121–9. Available from: <URL>.
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11. TunçTürk M, Özgökçe F. Chemical composition of some Apiaceae plants commonly used inherby cheese in Eastern Anatolia. Turkish J Agric For [Internet]. 2015 Jan 1;39(1):55–62. Available from: <URL>.
12. Aouachria S, Boumerfeg S, Benslama A, Boussoualim N, Trabsa H, Baghiani A. Phenolics Contents, Xanthine Oxidoreductase Inhibitory Potential, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Cachrys libanotis L. Root Extracts. J Drug Deliv Ther [Internet]. 2020 Aug 15;10(4-s):71–9. Available from: <URL>.
13. Özek G, Özek T, Başer KHC, Hamzaoglu E, Duran A. Composition of the Essential Oil of Hippomarathrum cristatum (DC.) Boiss. J Essent Oil Res [Internet]. 2007 Nov;19(6):540–2. Available from: <URL>.
14. Kuran F, Karavuş Ş, Miski M. Cachrys cristata DC. Isolation of Furanocoumarin Derived Compounds from Root Dichloromethane Extract. In: XXIV Symposium on Plant Originated Crude Drugs. Ankara, Türkiye; 2022. p. 270–1.
15. Tahar S, Hamdi B, Flamini G, Mehmet Ö, Duru ME, Bruno M, et al. Chemical composition, antioxidant and anticholinesterase activity of the essential oil of algerian cachrys sicula L. Nat Prod Res [Internet]. 2022 Aug 18;36(16):4094–102. Available from: <URL>.
16. Perri MR, Pellegrino M, Aquaro S, Cavaliere F, Lupia C, Uzunov D, et al. Cachrys spp. from Southern Italy: Phytochemical Characterization and JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway Inhibition. Plants [Internet]. 2022 Oct 29;11(21):2913. Available from: <URL>.
17. Marrelli M, Perri MR, Amodeo V, Giordano F, Statti GA, Panno ML, et al. Assessment of Photo-Induced Cytotoxic Activity of Cachrys sicula and Cachrys libanotis Enriched-Coumarin Extracts against Human Melanoma Cells. Plants [Internet]. 2021 Jan 8;10(1):123. Available from: <URL>.
18. Duran A, Doğan B, Ay H. Bilacunaria aksekiensis (Apiaceae), a new species from South Anatolia, Turkey. Ann Bot Fenn [Internet]. 2011;48(4):361–7. Available from: <URL>.
19. Commission EU. Regulation EEC 2568/91 on the characteristics of olive oil and olive-residue oil and on the relevant methods of analysis. Off J Eur Communities L. 1991;1991:248.
20. Clarke G, Ting K, Wiart C, Fry J. High Correlation of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) Radical Scavenging, Ferric Reducing Activity Potential and Total Phenolics Content Indicates Redundancy in Use of All Three Assays to Screen for Antioxidant Activity of Extracts of Plants from the Malaysian Rainforest. Antioxidants [Internet]. 2013 Jan 4;2(1):1–10. Available from: <URL>.
21. Yang H, Dong Y, Du H, Shi H, Peng Y, Li X. Antioxidant Compounds from Propolis Collected in Anhui, China. Molecules [Internet]. 2011 Apr 21;16(4):3444–55. Available from: <URL>.
22. Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M, Rice-Evans C. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radic Biol Med [Internet]. 1999 May 1;26(9–10):1231–7. Available from: <URL>.
23. Ellman GL, Courtney KD, Andres V, Featherstone RM. A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochem Pharmacol [Internet]. 1961 Jul 1;7(2):88–95. Available from: <URL>.
24. Yang Z, Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y. Bioassay-guided screening and isolation of α-glucosidase and tyrosinase inhibitors from leaves of Morus alba. Food Chem [Internet]. 2012 Mar 15;131(2):617–25. Available from: <URL>.
25. Albakry Z, Karrar E, Ahmed IAM, Oz E, Proestos C, El Sheikha AF, et al. Nutritional Composition and Volatile Compounds of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) Seed, Fatty Acid Composition and Tocopherols, Polyphenols, and Antioxidant Activity of Its Essential Oil. Horticulturae [Internet]. 2022 Jun 24;8(7):575. Available from: <URL>.
26. Ayyildiz HF, Topkafa M, Kara H, Sherazi STH. Evaluation of Fatty Acid Composition, Tocols Profile, and Oxidative Stability of Some Fully Refined Edible Oils. Int J Food Prop [Internet]. 2015 Sep 2;18(9):2064–76. Available from: <URL>.
27. Kiecolt-Glaser JK, Epel ES, Belury MA, Andridge R, Lin J, Glaser R, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids, oxidative stress, and leukocyte telomere length: A randomized controlled trial. Brain Behav Immun [Internet]. 2013 Feb 1;28:16–24. Available from: <URL>.
28. Iso H, Sato S, Umemura U, Kudo M, Koike K, Kitamura A, et al. Linoleic Acid, Other Fatty Acids, and the Risk of Stroke. Stroke [Internet]. 2002 Aug 1;33(8):2086–93. Available from: <URL>.
29. Sakthidevi G, Mohan VR. Total Phenolic, Flavonoid Contents and In vitro Antioxidant Activity of Dioscorea alata l. Tuber. Artic J Pharm Sci Res [Internet]. 2013;5(5):115–9. Available from: <URL>.
30. Varela-López A, Bullón P, Giampieri F, Quiles J. Non-Nutrient, Naturally Occurring Phenolic Compounds with Antioxidant Activity for the Prevention and Treatment of Periodontal Diseases. Antioxidants [Internet]. 2015 Jun 24;4(3):447–81. Available from: <URL>.
31. Duran A, Uslu N, Doğan B, Musa Özcan M, Çelik M. Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Contents of 30 Selected Medicinal Plants. J Agroaliment Process Technol [Internet]. 2015;21(2):136–41. Available from: <URL>.
32. Matejic J, Dzamic A, Mihajilov-Krstev T, Randjelovic V, Mileski K, Marin P. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and biological activities of Cachrys cristata DC. extracts. Arch Biol Sci [Internet]. 2014;66(3):1117–23. Available from: <URL>.

Year 2024, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 723 - 730

Tuğsen Büyükyıldırım Yavuz Bağcı Nuraniye Eruygur Muhammed Raşit Bakır

https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.1390152

Abstract

References

1. Tamfu AN, Kucukaydin S, Yeskaliyeva B, Ozturk M, Dinica RM. Non-Alkaloid Cholinesterase Inhibitory Compounds from Natural Sources. Molecules [Internet]. 2021 Sep 14;26(18):5582. Available from: <URL>.
2. Adewusi EA, Moodley N, Steenkamp V. Medicinal plants with cholinesterase inhibitory activity: A Review. African J Biotechnol [Internet]. 2010;9(49):8257–76. Available from: <URL>.
3. Senol Deniz FS, Orhan IE, Duman H. Profiling cosmeceutical effects of various herbal extracts through elastase, collagenase, tyrosinase inhibitory and antioxidant assays. Phytochem Lett [Internet]. 2021 Oct 1;45:171–83. Available from: <URL>.
4. Hong X, Luo X, Wang L, Gong D, Zhang G. New Insights into the Inhibition of Hesperetin on Polyphenol Oxidase: Inhibitory Kinetics, Binding Characteristics, Conformational Change and Computational Simulation. Foods [Internet]. 2023 Feb 20;12(4):905. Available from: <URL>.
5. Sihoglu Tepe A, Ozaslan M. Anti-Alzheimer, anti-diabetic, skin-whitening, and antioxidant activities of the essential oil of Cinnamomum zeylanicum. Ind Crops Prod [Internet]. 2020 Mar 1;145:112069. Available from: <URL>.
6. Papoutsis K, Zhang J, Bowyer MC, Brunton N, Gibney ER, Lyng J. Fruit, vegetables, and mushrooms for the preparation of extracts with α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition properties: A review. Food Chem [Internet]. 2021 Feb 15;338:128119. Available from: <URL>.
7. Eruygur N, Ucar E, Akpulat HA, Shahsavari K, Safavi SM, Kahrizi D. In vitro antioxidant assessment, screening of enzyme inhibitory activities of methanol and water extracts and gene expression in Hypericum lydium. Mol Biol Rep [Internet]. 2019 Apr 14;46(2):2121–9. Available from: <URL>.
8. Sharma SK, Singh L, singhh S. A review on medicinal plants having antioxidant potential. Indian J Res Pharm Biotechnol [Internet]. 2013;1(3):404–9. Available from: <URL>.
9. Krishnaiah D, Sarbatly R, Nithyanandam R. A review of the antioxidant potential of medicinal plant species. Food Bioprod Process [Internet]. 2011 Jul 1;89(3):217–33. Available from: <URL>.
10. Musolino V, Perri MR, Conforti F, Gliozzi M, Marrelli M, Mollace V. Cachrys L. Genus: A Comprehensive Review on Botany, Phytochemistry and Biological Properties. Plants [Internet]. 2023 Jan 26;12(3):565. Available from: <URL>.
11. TunçTürk M, Özgökçe F. Chemical composition of some Apiaceae plants commonly used inherby cheese in Eastern Anatolia. Turkish J Agric For [Internet]. 2015 Jan 1;39(1):55–62. Available from: <URL>.
12. Aouachria S, Boumerfeg S, Benslama A, Boussoualim N, Trabsa H, Baghiani A. Phenolics Contents, Xanthine Oxidoreductase Inhibitory Potential, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Cachrys libanotis L. Root Extracts. J Drug Deliv Ther [Internet]. 2020 Aug 15;10(4-s):71–9. Available from: <URL>.
13. Özek G, Özek T, Başer KHC, Hamzaoglu E, Duran A. Composition of the Essential Oil of Hippomarathrum cristatum (DC.) Boiss. J Essent Oil Res [Internet]. 2007 Nov;19(6):540–2. Available from: <URL>.
14. Kuran F, Karavuş Ş, Miski M. Cachrys cristata DC. Isolation of Furanocoumarin Derived Compounds from Root Dichloromethane Extract. In: XXIV Symposium on Plant Originated Crude Drugs. Ankara, Türkiye; 2022. p. 270–1.
15. Tahar S, Hamdi B, Flamini G, Mehmet Ö, Duru ME, Bruno M, et al. Chemical composition, antioxidant and anticholinesterase activity of the essential oil of algerian cachrys sicula L. Nat Prod Res [Internet]. 2022 Aug 18;36(16):4094–102. Available from: <URL>.
16. Perri MR, Pellegrino M, Aquaro S, Cavaliere F, Lupia C, Uzunov D, et al. Cachrys spp. from Southern Italy: Phytochemical Characterization and JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway Inhibition. Plants [Internet]. 2022 Oct 29;11(21):2913. Available from: <URL>.
17. Marrelli M, Perri MR, Amodeo V, Giordano F, Statti GA, Panno ML, et al. Assessment of Photo-Induced Cytotoxic Activity of Cachrys sicula and Cachrys libanotis Enriched-Coumarin Extracts against Human Melanoma Cells. Plants [Internet]. 2021 Jan 8;10(1):123. Available from: <URL>.
18. Duran A, Doğan B, Ay H. Bilacunaria aksekiensis (Apiaceae), a new species from South Anatolia, Turkey. Ann Bot Fenn [Internet]. 2011;48(4):361–7. Available from: <URL>.
19. Commission EU. Regulation EEC 2568/91 on the characteristics of olive oil and olive-residue oil and on the relevant methods of analysis. Off J Eur Communities L. 1991;1991:248.
20. Clarke G, Ting K, Wiart C, Fry J. High Correlation of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) Radical Scavenging, Ferric Reducing Activity Potential and Total Phenolics Content Indicates Redundancy in Use of All Three Assays to Screen for Antioxidant Activity of Extracts of Plants from the Malaysian Rainforest. Antioxidants [Internet]. 2013 Jan 4;2(1):1–10. Available from: <URL>.
21. Yang H, Dong Y, Du H, Shi H, Peng Y, Li X. Antioxidant Compounds from Propolis Collected in Anhui, China. Molecules [Internet]. 2011 Apr 21;16(4):3444–55. Available from: <URL>.
22. Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M, Rice-Evans C. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radic Biol Med [Internet]. 1999 May 1;26(9–10):1231–7. Available from: <URL>.
23. Ellman GL, Courtney KD, Andres V, Featherstone RM. A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochem Pharmacol [Internet]. 1961 Jul 1;7(2):88–95. Available from: <URL>.
24. Yang Z, Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y. Bioassay-guided screening and isolation of α-glucosidase and tyrosinase inhibitors from leaves of Morus alba. Food Chem [Internet]. 2012 Mar 15;131(2):617–25. Available from: <URL>.
25. Albakry Z, Karrar E, Ahmed IAM, Oz E, Proestos C, El Sheikha AF, et al. Nutritional Composition and Volatile Compounds of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) Seed, Fatty Acid Composition and Tocopherols, Polyphenols, and Antioxidant Activity of Its Essential Oil. Horticulturae [Internet]. 2022 Jun 24;8(7):575. Available from: <URL>.
26. Ayyildiz HF, Topkafa M, Kara H, Sherazi STH. Evaluation of Fatty Acid Composition, Tocols Profile, and Oxidative Stability of Some Fully Refined Edible Oils. Int J Food Prop [Internet]. 2015 Sep 2;18(9):2064–76. Available from: <URL>.
27. Kiecolt-Glaser JK, Epel ES, Belury MA, Andridge R, Lin J, Glaser R, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids, oxidative stress, and leukocyte telomere length: A randomized controlled trial. Brain Behav Immun [Internet]. 2013 Feb 1;28:16–24. Available from: <URL>.
28. Iso H, Sato S, Umemura U, Kudo M, Koike K, Kitamura A, et al. Linoleic Acid, Other Fatty Acids, and the Risk of Stroke. Stroke [Internet]. 2002 Aug 1;33(8):2086–93. Available from: <URL>.
29. Sakthidevi G, Mohan VR. Total Phenolic, Flavonoid Contents and In vitro Antioxidant Activity of Dioscorea alata l. Tuber. Artic J Pharm Sci Res [Internet]. 2013;5(5):115–9. Available from: <URL>.
30. Varela-López A, Bullón P, Giampieri F, Quiles J. Non-Nutrient, Naturally Occurring Phenolic Compounds with Antioxidant Activity for the Prevention and Treatment of Periodontal Diseases. Antioxidants [Internet]. 2015 Jun 24;4(3):447–81. Available from: <URL>.
31. Duran A, Uslu N, Doğan B, Musa Özcan M, Çelik M. Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Contents of 30 Selected Medicinal Plants. J Agroaliment Process Technol [Internet]. 2015;21(2):136–41. Available from: <URL>.
32. Matejic J, Dzamic A, Mihajilov-Krstev T, Randjelovic V, Mileski K, Marin P. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and biological activities of Cachrys cristata DC. extracts. Arch Biol Sci [Internet]. 2014;66(3):1117–23. Available from: <URL>.

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Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Natural Products and Bioactive Compounds
Journal Section	RESEARCH ARTICLES
Authors	Tuğsen Büyükyıldırım 0000-0003-0101-9742 Yavuz Bağcı 0000-0002-2343-3672 Nuraniye Eruygur 0000-0002-4674-7009 Muhammed Raşit Bakır 0000-0002-3359-2327
Publication Date
Submission Date	November 13, 2023
Acceptance Date	February 20, 2024
Published in Issue	Year 2024 Volume: 11 Issue: 2

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Vancouver	Büyükyıldırım T, Bağcı Y, Eruygur N, Bakır MR. Fatty Acid Composition, Antioxidant, and Enzyme Inhibition Activities of Cachrys Crassiloba (Boiss.) Meikle Fruit and Leaf Extracts. JOTCSA. 11(2):723-30.

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