Research Article
Vermikompost Uygulamalarının Kuraklık Stresi Altındaki Kıvırcık Salatanın (Lactuca sativa var. crispa) Mineral İçerikleri Üzerine Etkisi
Abstract
Bu çalışma, vermikompostun (VK) kuraklık stresine
maruz kalmış kıvırcık salata bitkisinin (Lactuca sativa var. crispa) makro ve
mikro besin içerikleri üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Çalışmada VK’un dozları ile; 0 (VK0), %2.5 (VK1) ve %5 (VK2) (w/w), kuraklık stresi seviyeleri;
kontrol (KS100) (eksilen nemin tarla kapasitesine getirilmesi), orta derecede
kuraklık (KS50) (kontrol konusuna verilen suyun %50’si), şiddetli kuraklık
(KS25) (kontrol konusuna verilen suyun %25’i) kullanılmıştır. Bitkiler 46 gün
boyunca bu koşullar altında tutulmuş ve bu sürenin sonunda hasat edilerek makro
ve mikro besin içerikleri bakımından değerlendirilmiştir. Orta ve şiddetli
kuraklık stresi, bitkilerin N, P, K konsantrasyonlarını kontrole göre önemli
seviyelerde artırırken, Fe, Mn, Zn ve Cu konsantrasyonlarında ise azalmalara
neden olmuştur. Ca ve Mg içeriklerindeki etkisi önemsiz bulunmuştur. Bununla
birlikte, kuraklık stresi altında tüm mineral element içerikleri, VK
uygulamaları ile birlikte önemli ölçüde artmıştır. Bu artışlar %5 VK
uygulamasında çoğunlukla daha etkili bulunmuştur. Elde edilen veriler, VK’un
kuraklık stresi koşullarında kıvırcık salatanın mineral madde içerikleri
üzerinde olumlu etkide bulunduğunu göstermiştir.
References
- Abbaspour H, Saeidi-Sarb S, Afsharia H, Abdel-Wahhabc MA 2012.Tolerance of Mycorrhiza İnfected Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) Seedling to Drought Stress Under Glasshouse Conditions. Journal of Plant Physiology, 169: 704-709
- Abd-Elrahman SH, Taha MT 2018. Comparison Between Organic and Mineral Sources of Potassium and Their Effects on Potassium Fractions in Clay Soil and Productivity of Potato Plants under Water Stress Conditions. Egyptian Journal of Soil Science, 58(2): 193 - 206
- Akhzari D, Aghbash FG 2013. Effect of Salinity and Drought Stress on the Seedling Growth and Physiological Traits of Vetivergrass (Vetiveriazizanioides stapf.). Ecopersia, 1(4): 339-352
- Alam SM 1994. Nutrient By Plants under Stress Conditions. In: Pessarakli M (eds) Handbook of Plant and Crop Stress. Marcel Dekker. New York. 227-246
- Al-Kaisi MM, Elmore RW, Guzman JG, Hanna HM, Hart CE, Helmers MJ, Hodgson EW, Lenssen AW, Mallarino AP, Robertson AE, Sawyer JE 2013. Drought İmpact on Crop Production and The Soil Environment: 2012 experiences from Iowa. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 68(1): 19-24
- Arancon NQ, Edwards CI, Bierman P, Welch C, Metzger TD 2004. Influences of Vermicomposts on Field Strawberries: 1. Effect on Growth and Yields. Bioresource Technology, 93: 145-153
- Azarmi R, Giglou MT, Taleshmikail RD 2008. Influence of Vermicompost on Soil Chemical and Physical Properties in Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) Field. African Journal of Biotechnology, 14: 2397-2401
- Bahadur A, Chatterjee A, Kumar R, Singh M, Naik PS 2011. Physiological and Biochemical Basis of Drought Tolerance in Vegetables. Vegetable Science 38 (1): 1-16
- Bayoumi TY, Eid MH, Metwali EM 2008. Application of Physiological and Biochemical İndices As A Screening Technique for Drought Tolerance in Wheat Genotypes. African Journal of Biotechnology, 7 (14): 2341-2352
- Belliturk K, Hinisli N, Adiloglu A 2017. The Effect of Vermicompost, Sheep Manure, and Cow Manure on Nutrition Content of Curly Lettuce (Lactuca sativa var.). Fresenius Environmental Bulletin (FEB), 26 (1a): 1116-1120
- Bouyoucos GD 1951. A recalibration of the hydrometer method for making mechanical analysis of the soil. Agronomy Journal, 43: 434-438.
- Capell T, Bassie L, Christou P 2004. Modulation of The Polyamine Biosynthetic Pathway in Transgenic Rice Confers Tolerance to Drought Stress. PNAS. 101 (26): 9909-9914
- Da Silva EC, Nogueira R, da Silva MA, De Albuquerque MB 2011.Drought Stress and Plant Nutrition. Plant stress 5.Global science Books. 32-41
- De Carvalho, IMMS 2005. Effects of Water Stress on The Proximate Composition and Mineral Contents of Seeds of Two Lupins (Lupinus albus and Lupinus mutabilis). Journal of Food Quality, 28: 325-332
- Dimkpa CO, Bindraban PS, Fugice J, Agyin-Birikorang S, Singh U, Hellums D 2017. Composite Micronutrient Nanoparticles and Salts Decrease Drought Stress in Soybean. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 37(5): 1-13
- Doan TT, Bouvier C, Bettarel Y, Bouvier T, desTureaux H, Janeau JL, Lamballe P, Van Nguyen B, Jouquet P 2014. Influence of Buffalo Manure, Compost, Vermicompost and Biocharamendments on Bacterial and Viral Communities in Soil and Adjacentaquatic Systems. Applied Soil Ecology 73: 78– 86.
- Farahani SM, Chaichi MR, Mazaheri DR, Afshari T, Savaghebi GH 2011.Barley Grain Mineral Analysis as Affected by Different Fertilizing Systems and By Drought Stress. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 13: 315-326
- File M. ,Walas S, Mrowiec H, Rudolphy-Sko´rska E, Sieprawska A, Biesaga-Kos´cielniak J 2012. Membrane Permeability and Micro- and Macroelement Accumulation in Spring Wheat Cultivars During the Short-Term Effect of Salinity- and Peg-İnduced Water Stress. Acta Physiolog Plant, 34:985–995
- Garcia Martinez I, Cruz SF, Saavedra AL, Hernandez MS 2012. Extraction of Auxin-like Substances from Compost. Crop Research 24:323-327
- Havlin JL, Beaton JD, Tisdale SL, Nelson WL 1999. Soil Fertility and Fertilizers, 6th Edition. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice-Hall, Inc. 499 p.
- Hebbem, CA, Laursen KH, Ladegaars AH, Schmidt SB, Pedas P, Bruhn D, Schjoerring JK, Wulfsohn D, Husted S 2009. Latent Manganese Deficiency İncreases Transpiration in Barley (Hordeum vulgare). Physiologia Plantarum, 135:307-316
- Hosseinzadeh SR, Amiri, H, İsmaili A 2016. Effect of Vermicompost Fertilizer on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under Drought Stress. Photosynthetica, 54:87-92
- Hu Y, Schmidhalter U 2005. Drought and Salinity: A Comparison of Their Effects on Mineral Nutrition of Plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 168:541-549
- Kacar B, İnal A 2008. “Bitki Fizyolojisi”. Nobel Yayın No:1241-477. Ankara.
- Kıran S 2019. Effects of Vermicompost on Some Morphological. Physiological and Biochemical Parameters of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. crispa) under Drought Stress. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 47(2):352-358
- Kostopoulou P, Kyrıazopoulos AP,Abraham EM, Parissi ZM, Karatassiou M, Barbayannis N 2015. Synergistic Effect of Selenium Addition and Water Stress on Melilotus officinalis L. Mineral Content. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 43(2):447-454
- Liebersbach H, Steingrobe B, Claassen N 2004. Roots Regulate ion Transport in The Rhizosphere to Counteract Reduced Mobility in Dry Soil. Plant Soil 260.79–88 Marschner H 1995. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. Academic Press. London.
- Muscolo A, Sidari M, Attiná E, Francioso O,Tugnoli V, Nardi S 2007. Biological Activity of Humic Substances İs Related to their Chemical Structure. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 71:75-85
- Nikolaeva. M.K.. Maevskaya. S.N.. Shugaev. A.G.. Bukhov. N.G. 2010. Effect of drought on chlorophyll content and antioxidant enzyme activities in leaves of three wheat cultivars varying in productivity. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 57 (1): 87-95
- Osakabe Y, Osakabe K, Shinozaki K, Tran LSP 2014. Response of Plants to Water Stress. Frontiers in Plant Science. Front. Plant Sci. 5:86
- Osuagwu GGE, Edeoga HO, Osuagwu AN. 2010. The influence of water stress (drought) on the mineral and vitamın potential of the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum l. Recent Research in Science and Technology 2(2): 27–33
- Özpay T 2008. Taze Fasulye (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotiplerinin Kuraklık Stresine Olan Tepkilerinin Belirlenmesi. Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Fen Bil. Ens., Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 67 sy.
- Pant AP, Radovich TJK, Theodore NVH, Talcott ST, Krenek KA 2009. Vermicompost Extracts İnfluence Growth. Mineral Nutrients. Phytonutrients and Antioxidant Activity in Pak Choi (Brassica rapa cv. Bonsai. Chinensis group) Grown under Vermicompost and Chemical Fertiliser. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 89: 2383–2392
- Pinkerton A, Simpson JR 1986. Interactions of Surface Drying and Subsurface Nutrients Affecting Plant-Growth on Acidic Soil Profiles From an Old Pasture. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 26:681-689
- Preetha D, Sushama PK, Marykutty KC 2005. Vermicompost + Inorganic Fertilizers Promote Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor L.). Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 43: 87-89
- Rangarajan A Leonard B, Jack A 2008. Cabbage Transplant Production Using Organic Media on Farm. In: Proceedings of National Seminar on Sustainable Environment. N. Sukumaran (Ed). Bharathiar University. Coimbatore. 45-53
- Ravimycin T, Effects of Vermicompost (VC) and Farmyard Manure (FYM) on the Germination Percentage Growth Biochemical and Nutrient Content of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). International Journal of Advanced Research, 3(6): 91-98
- Richards LA 1954. Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils. U.S.Dept. Agr. Handbook, 60:105-106
- Rowell DL 1994. The laboratory determination of the respiration rate of the microbial biomass. Soil Science Methods & Applications, 117-119.
- Salo T, Eskelinen J, Jauhiainen L, Kartio M 2007. Reduced Fertilizer Use and Changes in Cereal Grain Weight. Test Weight and Protein Content in Finland in 1990-2005. Agricultural and Food Science, 16: 407-420
- Sharma RC. Banik P 2014. Vermicompost and Fertilizer Application: Effect on Productivity and profitability of Baby Corn (Zea Mays L.) and Soil Health. Compost Science & Utilization, 22: 83–92
- Sinha J, Biswas CK Ghosh A, Saha A 2010. Efficacy of Vermicompost Against Fertilizers on Cicer and Pisum and on Population Diversity of N2 Fixing Bacteria. Journal of Environmental Biology 31: 287292
- Sivritepe N, Erturk U, Yerlikaya C,Türkan O, Bor M, Özdemir F 2008. Response of The Cherry Rootstock to Water Stres İnduced in vitro. Biologia Plantarum. 52 (3): 573-576 Stagnari F, Galieni A, Speca S, Pisante M 2014. Water Stress Effects on Growth. Yield and Quality Traits of Red Beet. Scientia Horticulturea, 265:13-22
- Taheri-Asghari M, Daneshian J, Aliabadi-Farahani H 2009. Effects of Drought Stress and Planting Density on Quality and Morphological of Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.). Asian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 1: 12-14
- Uma B, Malathi M 2009. Vermicompost As A Soil Supplement to Improve Growth and Yield of Amaranthus Species. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, 5(6): 1054-1060.
Effect of Vermicompost on Mineral Contents of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. crispa) Under Drought Stress
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the effect of
vermicompost (VK) on the macro and micro nutrient contents of the lettuce plant
(Lactuca sativa var. crispa) exposed to drought stress. Then, 3-4 leaved
seedlings were transferred to the pots with different proportions of VK. The
doses of VK tested in the study were; 0 (VK0), 2.5% (VK1) and 5% (VK2) (w/w).
Drought stress levels tested in the study were; control (KS100) (fully
irrigated up to soil field capacity), moderate drought (KS50) (50% of the water
supplied to the control subject), and severe drought (KS25) (25% of the water
supplied to the control subject). After 46 days of growing period, plans were
harvested and evaluated for their macro and micro nutrient contents. Medium and
severe drought stress increased N, P, K concentrations of plants significantly
compared to control. On the other hand, these stresses caused decrease in Fe,
Mn, Zn and Cu concentrations of the plant. The effect of stresses on Ca and Mg
contents was determined as insignificant. However, under the stress of drought,
all mineral element contents increased significantly with VK applications.
These increases were mostly more effective in 5% VK application. The results
showed that VK has a positive effect on mineral content of curly salad under
drought stress conditions.
Keywords
References
- Abbaspour H, Saeidi-Sarb S, Afsharia H, Abdel-Wahhabc MA 2012.Tolerance of Mycorrhiza İnfected Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) Seedling to Drought Stress Under Glasshouse Conditions. Journal of Plant Physiology, 169: 704-709
- Abd-Elrahman SH, Taha MT 2018. Comparison Between Organic and Mineral Sources of Potassium and Their Effects on Potassium Fractions in Clay Soil and Productivity of Potato Plants under Water Stress Conditions. Egyptian Journal of Soil Science, 58(2): 193 - 206
- Akhzari D, Aghbash FG 2013. Effect of Salinity and Drought Stress on the Seedling Growth and Physiological Traits of Vetivergrass (Vetiveriazizanioides stapf.). Ecopersia, 1(4): 339-352
- Alam SM 1994. Nutrient By Plants under Stress Conditions. In: Pessarakli M (eds) Handbook of Plant and Crop Stress. Marcel Dekker. New York. 227-246
- Al-Kaisi MM, Elmore RW, Guzman JG, Hanna HM, Hart CE, Helmers MJ, Hodgson EW, Lenssen AW, Mallarino AP, Robertson AE, Sawyer JE 2013. Drought İmpact on Crop Production and The Soil Environment: 2012 experiences from Iowa. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 68(1): 19-24
- Arancon NQ, Edwards CI, Bierman P, Welch C, Metzger TD 2004. Influences of Vermicomposts on Field Strawberries: 1. Effect on Growth and Yields. Bioresource Technology, 93: 145-153
- Azarmi R, Giglou MT, Taleshmikail RD 2008. Influence of Vermicompost on Soil Chemical and Physical Properties in Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) Field. African Journal of Biotechnology, 14: 2397-2401
- Bahadur A, Chatterjee A, Kumar R, Singh M, Naik PS 2011. Physiological and Biochemical Basis of Drought Tolerance in Vegetables. Vegetable Science 38 (1): 1-16
- Bayoumi TY, Eid MH, Metwali EM 2008. Application of Physiological and Biochemical İndices As A Screening Technique for Drought Tolerance in Wheat Genotypes. African Journal of Biotechnology, 7 (14): 2341-2352
- Belliturk K, Hinisli N, Adiloglu A 2017. The Effect of Vermicompost, Sheep Manure, and Cow Manure on Nutrition Content of Curly Lettuce (Lactuca sativa var.). Fresenius Environmental Bulletin (FEB), 26 (1a): 1116-1120
- Bouyoucos GD 1951. A recalibration of the hydrometer method for making mechanical analysis of the soil. Agronomy Journal, 43: 434-438.
- Capell T, Bassie L, Christou P 2004. Modulation of The Polyamine Biosynthetic Pathway in Transgenic Rice Confers Tolerance to Drought Stress. PNAS. 101 (26): 9909-9914
- Da Silva EC, Nogueira R, da Silva MA, De Albuquerque MB 2011.Drought Stress and Plant Nutrition. Plant stress 5.Global science Books. 32-41
- De Carvalho, IMMS 2005. Effects of Water Stress on The Proximate Composition and Mineral Contents of Seeds of Two Lupins (Lupinus albus and Lupinus mutabilis). Journal of Food Quality, 28: 325-332
- Dimkpa CO, Bindraban PS, Fugice J, Agyin-Birikorang S, Singh U, Hellums D 2017. Composite Micronutrient Nanoparticles and Salts Decrease Drought Stress in Soybean. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 37(5): 1-13
- Doan TT, Bouvier C, Bettarel Y, Bouvier T, desTureaux H, Janeau JL, Lamballe P, Van Nguyen B, Jouquet P 2014. Influence of Buffalo Manure, Compost, Vermicompost and Biocharamendments on Bacterial and Viral Communities in Soil and Adjacentaquatic Systems. Applied Soil Ecology 73: 78– 86.
- Farahani SM, Chaichi MR, Mazaheri DR, Afshari T, Savaghebi GH 2011.Barley Grain Mineral Analysis as Affected by Different Fertilizing Systems and By Drought Stress. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 13: 315-326
- File M. ,Walas S, Mrowiec H, Rudolphy-Sko´rska E, Sieprawska A, Biesaga-Kos´cielniak J 2012. Membrane Permeability and Micro- and Macroelement Accumulation in Spring Wheat Cultivars During the Short-Term Effect of Salinity- and Peg-İnduced Water Stress. Acta Physiolog Plant, 34:985–995
- Garcia Martinez I, Cruz SF, Saavedra AL, Hernandez MS 2012. Extraction of Auxin-like Substances from Compost. Crop Research 24:323-327
- Havlin JL, Beaton JD, Tisdale SL, Nelson WL 1999. Soil Fertility and Fertilizers, 6th Edition. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice-Hall, Inc. 499 p.
- Hebbem, CA, Laursen KH, Ladegaars AH, Schmidt SB, Pedas P, Bruhn D, Schjoerring JK, Wulfsohn D, Husted S 2009. Latent Manganese Deficiency İncreases Transpiration in Barley (Hordeum vulgare). Physiologia Plantarum, 135:307-316
- Hosseinzadeh SR, Amiri, H, İsmaili A 2016. Effect of Vermicompost Fertilizer on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under Drought Stress. Photosynthetica, 54:87-92
- Hu Y, Schmidhalter U 2005. Drought and Salinity: A Comparison of Their Effects on Mineral Nutrition of Plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 168:541-549
- Kacar B, İnal A 2008. “Bitki Fizyolojisi”. Nobel Yayın No:1241-477. Ankara.
- Kıran S 2019. Effects of Vermicompost on Some Morphological. Physiological and Biochemical Parameters of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. crispa) under Drought Stress. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 47(2):352-358
- Kostopoulou P, Kyrıazopoulos AP,Abraham EM, Parissi ZM, Karatassiou M, Barbayannis N 2015. Synergistic Effect of Selenium Addition and Water Stress on Melilotus officinalis L. Mineral Content. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 43(2):447-454
- Liebersbach H, Steingrobe B, Claassen N 2004. Roots Regulate ion Transport in The Rhizosphere to Counteract Reduced Mobility in Dry Soil. Plant Soil 260.79–88 Marschner H 1995. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. Academic Press. London.
- Muscolo A, Sidari M, Attiná E, Francioso O,Tugnoli V, Nardi S 2007. Biological Activity of Humic Substances İs Related to their Chemical Structure. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 71:75-85
- Nikolaeva. M.K.. Maevskaya. S.N.. Shugaev. A.G.. Bukhov. N.G. 2010. Effect of drought on chlorophyll content and antioxidant enzyme activities in leaves of three wheat cultivars varying in productivity. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 57 (1): 87-95
- Osakabe Y, Osakabe K, Shinozaki K, Tran LSP 2014. Response of Plants to Water Stress. Frontiers in Plant Science. Front. Plant Sci. 5:86
- Osuagwu GGE, Edeoga HO, Osuagwu AN. 2010. The influence of water stress (drought) on the mineral and vitamın potential of the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum l. Recent Research in Science and Technology 2(2): 27–33
- Özpay T 2008. Taze Fasulye (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotiplerinin Kuraklık Stresine Olan Tepkilerinin Belirlenmesi. Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Fen Bil. Ens., Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 67 sy.
- Pant AP, Radovich TJK, Theodore NVH, Talcott ST, Krenek KA 2009. Vermicompost Extracts İnfluence Growth. Mineral Nutrients. Phytonutrients and Antioxidant Activity in Pak Choi (Brassica rapa cv. Bonsai. Chinensis group) Grown under Vermicompost and Chemical Fertiliser. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 89: 2383–2392
- Pinkerton A, Simpson JR 1986. Interactions of Surface Drying and Subsurface Nutrients Affecting Plant-Growth on Acidic Soil Profiles From an Old Pasture. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 26:681-689
- Preetha D, Sushama PK, Marykutty KC 2005. Vermicompost + Inorganic Fertilizers Promote Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor L.). Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 43: 87-89
- Rangarajan A Leonard B, Jack A 2008. Cabbage Transplant Production Using Organic Media on Farm. In: Proceedings of National Seminar on Sustainable Environment. N. Sukumaran (Ed). Bharathiar University. Coimbatore. 45-53
- Ravimycin T, Effects of Vermicompost (VC) and Farmyard Manure (FYM) on the Germination Percentage Growth Biochemical and Nutrient Content of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). International Journal of Advanced Research, 3(6): 91-98
- Richards LA 1954. Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils. U.S.Dept. Agr. Handbook, 60:105-106
- Rowell DL 1994. The laboratory determination of the respiration rate of the microbial biomass. Soil Science Methods & Applications, 117-119.
- Salo T, Eskelinen J, Jauhiainen L, Kartio M 2007. Reduced Fertilizer Use and Changes in Cereal Grain Weight. Test Weight and Protein Content in Finland in 1990-2005. Agricultural and Food Science, 16: 407-420
- Sharma RC. Banik P 2014. Vermicompost and Fertilizer Application: Effect on Productivity and profitability of Baby Corn (Zea Mays L.) and Soil Health. Compost Science & Utilization, 22: 83–92
- Sinha J, Biswas CK Ghosh A, Saha A 2010. Efficacy of Vermicompost Against Fertilizers on Cicer and Pisum and on Population Diversity of N2 Fixing Bacteria. Journal of Environmental Biology 31: 287292
- Sivritepe N, Erturk U, Yerlikaya C,Türkan O, Bor M, Özdemir F 2008. Response of The Cherry Rootstock to Water Stres İnduced in vitro. Biologia Plantarum. 52 (3): 573-576 Stagnari F, Galieni A, Speca S, Pisante M 2014. Water Stress Effects on Growth. Yield and Quality Traits of Red Beet. Scientia Horticulturea, 265:13-22
- Taheri-Asghari M, Daneshian J, Aliabadi-Farahani H 2009. Effects of Drought Stress and Planting Density on Quality and Morphological of Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.). Asian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 1: 12-14
- Uma B, Malathi M 2009. Vermicompost As A Soil Supplement to Improve Growth and Yield of Amaranthus Species. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, 5(6): 1054-1060.
There are 45 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences |
| Journal Section | RESEARCH ARTICLE |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | October 31, 2019 |
| Submission Date | May 22, 2019 |
| Acceptance Date | June 27, 2019 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019Vol 22 (Suppl 1) |
Cited By
Vermikompostlu Ortamda Yetiştirilen Calendula officinalis L. Bitkisinde Tuz Stresinin Morfolojik ve Anatomik Gelişim Parametreleri Üzerindeki Etkisi
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