Evaluation of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction Method and Some Conventional Extraction Methods for The Determination of Fatty Acid Content from Peganum harmala L. Seed
Abstract
The
seeds of Peganum harmala L. (Syrian rue) (Zygophyllaceae) are commonly known to
be “Harmal” or “Uzerlik” among the Turkish people. This study aims to compare with both SC-CO2 extraction
(at constant temperature conditions of 45ºC at 100, 200, 300 and 400 bar
pressure) and some conventional extraction methods (ethanol, hexane, and dimethyl
ether), and investigate the effects of extracting pressure parameters on
SC-CO2 extraction. As a result of the studies; it has been concluded that the SC-CO2
extraction method is very advantageous in obtaining fatty acids from the P.harmala L. seed and that the pressure
and temperature calibrations of the SC-CO2 extraction device must be performed. It has been observed that a pressure of 400 bar is suitable for obtaining
the highest fatty acid extracts of (C15:0), (C16:1), (C17:0), (C18:3) and
saturated fatty, while a pressure of 100 bar is suitable for obtaining the
highest fatty acid extracts such as (C14:0), (C18:1), and (C18:2).
References
- Akgün, N., Akgün, M., 2006. Extraction of grape seed by supercritical carbon dioxide. Journal of Engineering Natural Sciences . 2006/4, p:49-58. Baytop T., 1999. Therapy with medicinal plants in Turkey, Past and Present, 2nd. ed., Nobel Tıp Kitapevi, İstanbul,p.480. Bligh EG, Dyer WJ., 1959. A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology, 1959, 37(8): 911-917, https://doi.org/10.1139/o59-099.Browicz, K., 1982. Betula L. In: Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Vol. 7, ed. PH. Davis, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, p. 689-691Campos, L.M.A.S., Michielin, E.M.Z., Danielski, L. and Ferreiraa, S.R.S., 2005. Experimental Data and Modeling the Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Marigold (Calendula officinalis) Oleoresin, Journal of Supercritical Fluids The 34(2):163-170, DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2004.11.010De Silva, K.T., 1995. A Manual on the Essential Oil Industry, United Nations Industrial Development Organization Vienna, Austria, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199705)12:3<222::AID-FFJ684>3.0.CO;2-QEsquivel, M.M., Bernardo-Gil, M.G. and King, M.B. 1999. Mathematical Models for Supercritical Extraction of Olive Husk Oil, Journal of Supercritical Fluids 16, 43–58. Güngör A, 2000. Solid-Liquid Extraction of Some Cations, Master Thesis, Balikesir University, Institute of Science, Department of Chemistry, Balıkesir, 2000.Hamburger, M., Baumann, D., Adler, S., 2004. “Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Selected Medicinal Plants: Effects of High Pressure and Added Ethanol on Yield of Extracted Substances”, Phytochemical Analysis, 15, 46-54, 2004.Hassani, L.M.I. and Hadek, M.E., 2013. Analyse de la composition de l'huile de Peganum harmala L. (Zygophyllaceae) , Acta Botanica Gallica, 146:4, 353-359, DOI:10.1080/12538078.1999.10515822Küsmenoğlu, Ş., 1996. The plant Peganum harmala L. and its biologically active constituents. FABAD J. Pharm. Sci. 21, 71-75.Moussa, T.A.A., and Almaghrabi, O.A., 2016. Fatty acid constituents of Peganum harmala plant using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectroscopy. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences (2016) 23, 397–403.Murga, R., Ruiz, R., Beltran, S., Cabezas, J.L., 2000. “Extraction of Natural Complex Phenols and Tannins from Grape Seeds by Using Supercritical Mixtures of Carbon Dioxide and Alcohol”, J. Agric. Food Chem., 48, 3408-3412.Öztekin, S., and Soysal, Y., 1998. Extraction methods of carbon dioxide in medical and aromatic plants, 18th Agricultural Mechanization Congress, 731 - 745, 1998Sakar, M. K., and Tanker, M., 1991. Phytochemical Analysis. A.Ü. Faculty of Pharmacy Publications, No: 67, Ankara, s: 128-191.Tanker N., Koyuncu M., Coşkun M., 2007. Pharmaceutical Botanic, A.Ü. Faculty of Pharmacy Publications, No:93, Ankara, 2007.William, K., Dulcie, A., Mulholland, R. and Mark, W., 1996. “Analytical supercritical fluid extraction of natural products”, Phytochemical Analysis, 7, s.1-15, 1996.
Peganum harmala L. Tohumundan Yağ Asidi İçeriğinin Belirlenmesi için Süperkritik Karbondioksit Ekstraksiyon Yöntemi ve Bazı Geleneksel Ekstraksiyon Yöntemlerinin Karşılaştırılması
Abstract
Türk
halkı arasında Peganum harmala L.
(Suriye rue) (Zygophyllaceae) tohumlarının yaygın olarak “Harmal” veya
“Uzerlik” olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, SC-CO2
ekstraksiyonu ile (100 ° C, 200, 300 ve 400 bar basınçta sabit sıcaklık
koşullarında) ve bazı geleneksel ekstraksiyon yöntemleriyle (etanol, heksan ve
dimetil eter) karşılaştırmak ve süperkritik ektraksiyon yönteminde basıncın
etkisini araştırmaktır. Yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda; SC-CO2 ekstraksiyon
yönteminin P.harmala L. tohumundan
yağ asitlerinin elde edilmesinde çok avantajlı olduğu ve SC-CO2
ekstraksiyon cihazının basınç ve sıcaklık kalibrasyonlarının yapılması
gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır. En yüksek (C15: 0), (C16: 1), (C17: 0), (C18:
3) ve doymuş yağ oranının elde edilmesi için 400 bar basınç en uygun iken; en
yüksek (C14: 0), (C18: 1) ve (C18: 2) elde edilmesi için 100 bar basıncın, en
uygun olduğu görülmüştür.
References
- Akgün, N., Akgün, M., 2006. Extraction of grape seed by supercritical carbon dioxide. Journal of Engineering Natural Sciences . 2006/4, p:49-58. Baytop T., 1999. Therapy with medicinal plants in Turkey, Past and Present, 2nd. ed., Nobel Tıp Kitapevi, İstanbul,p.480. Bligh EG, Dyer WJ., 1959. A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology, 1959, 37(8): 911-917, https://doi.org/10.1139/o59-099.Browicz, K., 1982. Betula L. In: Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Vol. 7, ed. PH. Davis, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, p. 689-691Campos, L.M.A.S., Michielin, E.M.Z., Danielski, L. and Ferreiraa, S.R.S., 2005. Experimental Data and Modeling the Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Marigold (Calendula officinalis) Oleoresin, Journal of Supercritical Fluids The 34(2):163-170, DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2004.11.010De Silva, K.T., 1995. A Manual on the Essential Oil Industry, United Nations Industrial Development Organization Vienna, Austria, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199705)12:3<222::AID-FFJ684>3.0.CO;2-QEsquivel, M.M., Bernardo-Gil, M.G. and King, M.B. 1999. Mathematical Models for Supercritical Extraction of Olive Husk Oil, Journal of Supercritical Fluids 16, 43–58. Güngör A, 2000. Solid-Liquid Extraction of Some Cations, Master Thesis, Balikesir University, Institute of Science, Department of Chemistry, Balıkesir, 2000.Hamburger, M., Baumann, D., Adler, S., 2004. “Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Selected Medicinal Plants: Effects of High Pressure and Added Ethanol on Yield of Extracted Substances”, Phytochemical Analysis, 15, 46-54, 2004.Hassani, L.M.I. and Hadek, M.E., 2013. Analyse de la composition de l'huile de Peganum harmala L. (Zygophyllaceae) , Acta Botanica Gallica, 146:4, 353-359, DOI:10.1080/12538078.1999.10515822Küsmenoğlu, Ş., 1996. The plant Peganum harmala L. and its biologically active constituents. FABAD J. Pharm. Sci. 21, 71-75.Moussa, T.A.A., and Almaghrabi, O.A., 2016. Fatty acid constituents of Peganum harmala plant using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectroscopy. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences (2016) 23, 397–403.Murga, R., Ruiz, R., Beltran, S., Cabezas, J.L., 2000. “Extraction of Natural Complex Phenols and Tannins from Grape Seeds by Using Supercritical Mixtures of Carbon Dioxide and Alcohol”, J. Agric. Food Chem., 48, 3408-3412.Öztekin, S., and Soysal, Y., 1998. Extraction methods of carbon dioxide in medical and aromatic plants, 18th Agricultural Mechanization Congress, 731 - 745, 1998Sakar, M. K., and Tanker, M., 1991. Phytochemical Analysis. A.Ü. Faculty of Pharmacy Publications, No: 67, Ankara, s: 128-191.Tanker N., Koyuncu M., Coşkun M., 2007. Pharmaceutical Botanic, A.Ü. Faculty of Pharmacy Publications, No:93, Ankara, 2007.William, K., Dulcie, A., Mulholland, R. and Mark, W., 1996. “Analytical supercritical fluid extraction of natural products”, Phytochemical Analysis, 7, s.1-15, 1996.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 25, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 23 Issue: 2 |
