Abstract
Ranunculus L. genus has 84 species in Turkey, when subspecies and varieties are included in this number, it is represented by a total of 102 taxa. 22 of which are endemic, the endemism rate is 21.5%. Since many members of the genus Ranunculus cannot be distinguished from each other with definite differences, they have been tried to be defined and expressed as species complexes taxonomically. Most of the systematic studies are in the direction of regulating such complexes. It is known that karyological characters are of great importance in the phylogenetic classification of the Ranunculaceae family.
In this study, it is aimed to reveal the karyological characteristics of three species which are very similar to each other, in Group A of Ranunculus subgenus of Ranunculus L. in Volume 1 of Flora of Turkey morphologically by using cytogenetic methods. In this context, the karyological characteristics of R. diversifolius Boiss. & Kotschy, R. poluninii Davis and R. crateris Davis species have been determined. R. poluninii and R. crateris species are endemic to our country and are Iran-Turanian element. R. diversifolius species, on the other hand, is distributed in the East of Turkey.
It has been determined that all three species whose chromosomal characteristics were examined are diploid and their chromosome numbers are x=8, 2n=16. It has also been determined that these three species, which are morphologically similar to each other, are the same in terms of chromosome number but different in terms of chromosome morphology and each species has its own characteristics. With this study, the chromosomal characteristics of these three species have been determined for the first time by us and have been brought to the literature.
Keywords
Supporting Institution
Firat University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit
Project Number
FF.20.09
References
- Baack, E. J. 2004. Cytotype segregation on regional and microgeographic scales in snow buttercups (Ranunculus adoneus, Ranunculaceae) Am. J. Bot., 91 (2004), pp. 1783-1788
- Baack, E. J. 2005. Ecological factors influencing tetraploid establishment in snow buttercups (Ranunclus adoneus, Ranunculaceae): Minority cytotype exclusion and barriers to triploid formation Am. J. Bot., 92 (2005), pp. 1827-1835.
- Bailey, J.P. and Stace, C.A. 1992. Chromosome number, morphology, pairing, and DNA values of species and hybrids in the genus Fallopia (Polygonaceae) Pl. Syst. Evol., 180 (1992), pp. 29-52.
- Baltisberger, M. 1981. Verwandtschaftsbeziehungen zwischen der Gruppe des Ranunculus polyanthemos L. und R. repens L. sowie Arten der Gruppen des R. acris L. und R. bulbosus L Bot. Helv., 91 (1981), pp. 61-74.
- Baltisberger, M. and Widmer, A. 2009. Chromosome numbers and karyotypes within the Ranunculus alpestris-group (Ranunculaceae) Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 9 (2009) 232–243.
- Baltisberger, M. and Widmer, A. 2005. Cytological investigations on some Ranunculus-species from Crete Candollea, 60 (2005), pp. 335-344 Baytop, A., Özhatay, N., 1975. ISTE Herbaryumundaki Türkiye Bitkileri Örnekleri II: Ranunculaceae ve Paeoniaceae, Ġst. Ecz. Fak. Mecm., 11: 227-253.
- Bennett, M.D. 1998. Plant genome values: How much do we know? Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 95 (1998), pp. 2011-2016 .
- Crawford, D.J., Mort, M.E. and Archibald, J.K. 2005. Biosystematics, chromsomes and molecular data: melding the old and the new Taxon, 54 (2005), pp. 285-289.
- Davis PH, (ed.) 1965-1985. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Edinburgh Univ. Press, Vol.1-9, Edinburgh.
- Davis, P.H., 1960. Materials for a Flora of Turkey: IV, Ranunculaceae: II, Notes RBG, XXIII (2).
- Elçi, Ş. (1982). Sitogenetikte Gözlemler ve Araştırma Yöntemleri, Fırat Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Yayınları, Elazığ.
- Goepfert, D. 1974. Karyotypes and DNA content in species of Ranunculus L. and related genera Bot. Not., 127 (1974), pp. 464-489.
- Goepfert, D. 1975. Chromosome length values in digenomic buttercups (Ranunculaceae) and the relation to DNA content Chromosoma, 49 (1975), pp. 383-390.
- Güner Doğan, E. (2012). Ranunculus L. Şu eserde: Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M. ve Babaç, M.T. (edlr.). Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler), 780-786. Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, İstanbul.
- Hörandl, E., Paun, O., Johansson, J.T., Lehnebach, C., Armstrong, T., Chen, L., Lockhart, P. 2005. Phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary traits in Ranunculus s.l. (Ranunculaceae) inferred from ITS sequence analysis Mol. Phyl. Evol., 36 (2005), pp. 305-327.
- Hörandl, E., Paun, O., Johansson, J.T., Lehnebach, C. , Armstrong, T., Chen, L., Lockhart, P. 2005. Phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary traits in Ranunculus s.l. (Ranunculaceae) inferred from ITS sequence analysis Mol. Phyl. Evol., 36 (2005), pp. 305-327.
- Huber, W. 1988. Natürliche Bastardierungen zwischen weißblühenden Ranunculus-Arten in den Alpen Veröff. Geobot. Inst. ETH, Stiftg. Rübel, 100 (1988), pp. 1-160.
- Johansson, J.T. 1998. Chloroplast DNA restriction site mapping and the phylogeny of Ranunculus (Ranunculaceae) Pl. Syst. Evol., 213 (1998), pp. 1-19.
- Julin, E., 1977. Some Bothnian subspecies in the Ranunculus auricomus Complex: Origin and Dispersal, Bot. Notiser, 130(3).
- Julin, E., 1978. New subspecies of Ranunculus auricomus from Wastmanland, Sweden, Bot. Notiser, 131.
- Küpfer, P. 1975. Recherches sur les liens de parenté entre la flore orophile des Alpes et celle des Pyrénées Boissiera, 23 (1974), pp. 1-322.
- Lehnebach CA, 2008. Phylogenetic Affinities, Species Delimitation and Adaptive Radiation of New Zealand Ranunculus, Palmerson North, New Zealand: Massey University.
- Levan, A., Fredga, K. and Sandberg, A.A. 1964. Nomenclature for centromeric position on chromosomes Hereditas, 52 (1964), pp. 201-220.
- Özdağ N, 2020. Ranunculus L. (Ranunculaceae) cinsine ait bazı taksonların polen morfolojileri, Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Bitlis.
- Rossello, J.A. and Castro, M. 2008. Karyological evolution of the angiosperm endemic flora of the Balearic Islands Taxon, 57 (2008), pp. 259-273.
- Schuettpelz, E., Hoot, S.B., Samuel, R., Ehrendorfer, F. 2002. Multiple origins of southern hemisphere Anemone (Ranunculaceae) based on plastid and nuclear sequence data Pl. Syst. Evol., 231 (2002), pp. 143-151.
- Sharma, A. and Sen, S. 2002. Chromosome Botany Science Publishers, Enfield, NH.
- Stace, C.A., 2000. Cytology and cytogenetics as a fundamental resource for the 20th and 21th centuries. Taxon 49, 451–477.
- Tamura M, 1993. Ranunculaceae. In: the Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Kubitzki.
- Tamura M, 1995. Angiospermae. Ordnung Ranunculales. Familie Ranunculaceae. II. Systematic Part. In: Natürliche Pflanzenfamilien. Hiepko, P. (Ed.) Duncker & Humblot, Berlin. Pp. 223-519.
- Tan, K., 1984. More New Taxa from South and East Anatolia, Notes RBG, 42 (1).
- Vuille, C. and Küpfer, P. 1985. Aposporie chez le Ranunculus parnassifolius L. I. Etude cytoembryologique Bull. Soc. Neuchât. Sci. Nat., 108 (1985), pp. 123-134.
- Yilmaz Sancar, P., Civelek, S. (2012) Artemisia spicigera K. Koch türünün Van Gölü çevresindeki populasyonlarının morfolojik ve sitogenetik yönden araştırılması, Fırat Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek lisans tezi.
- Yilmaz Sancar, P., Civelek, S., Kursat, M. (2021) The morphological, karyologicaland phylo-genetic analyses of three Artemisia L. (Asteraceae) species that around the Van Lake in Turkey. Caryologia 74(3): 53-63. doi: 10.36253/caryologia-1139.
Abstract
Ranunculus L. cinsi Türkiye'de 84 türe sahiptir, bu tür sayısına alttür ve varyeteler de dahil edildiğinde toplamda 102 takson ile temsil edilmekte olup bunların 22'si endemiktir, endemizm oranı % 21,5'tir. Ranunculus cinsinin pek çok üyesi kesin farklarla birbirlerinden ayırt edilemediğinden taksonomik olarak tür kompleksleri şeklinde ifade edilip tanımlanmasına çalışılmıştır. Sistematik çalışmaların çoğu da bu tür komplekslerini düzenleme yönündedir. Ranunculaceae familyasının filogenetik sınıflandırmasında karyolojik karakterlerin büyük önem taşıdığı bilinmektedir.
Bu çalışmada, Türkiye Florası 1. Cildinde bulunan Ranunculus L. cinsinin Ranunculus altcinsine ait Grup A’da bulunan ve birbirlerine morfolojik olarak çok benzeyen üç türün sitogenetik metodlar kullanılarak karyolojik özelliklerinin ortaya çıkarılması hedeflenmiştir. Bu kapsamda Bitlis ili çevresinden toplanan R. diversifolius Boiss. & Kotschy, R. poluninii Davis ve R. crateris Davis türlerinin karyolojik özellikleri tespit edilmiştir. R. poluninii ve R. crateris türleri Ülkemize endemik ve İran – Turan elementidir. R. diversifolius türü ise Türkiye’nin Doğusunda yayılış gösterir.
Kromozomal özellikleri incelenen üç türün de diploid olduğu ve kromozom sayılarının x=8, 2n=16 olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Morfolojik olarak birbirine benzer olan bu üç türün, kromozom sayısı bakımından aynı fakat kromozom morfolojileri açısından farklı ve her türün kendine özgü özelliklere sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma ile birlikte sözkonusu üç türün kromozom özellikleri ilk defa tarafımızca tespit edilmiş olup literatüre kazandırılmıştır.
Keywords
Project Number
FF.20.09
References
- Baack, E. J. 2004. Cytotype segregation on regional and microgeographic scales in snow buttercups (Ranunculus adoneus, Ranunculaceae) Am. J. Bot., 91 (2004), pp. 1783-1788
- Baack, E. J. 2005. Ecological factors influencing tetraploid establishment in snow buttercups (Ranunclus adoneus, Ranunculaceae): Minority cytotype exclusion and barriers to triploid formation Am. J. Bot., 92 (2005), pp. 1827-1835.
- Bailey, J.P. and Stace, C.A. 1992. Chromosome number, morphology, pairing, and DNA values of species and hybrids in the genus Fallopia (Polygonaceae) Pl. Syst. Evol., 180 (1992), pp. 29-52.
- Baltisberger, M. 1981. Verwandtschaftsbeziehungen zwischen der Gruppe des Ranunculus polyanthemos L. und R. repens L. sowie Arten der Gruppen des R. acris L. und R. bulbosus L Bot. Helv., 91 (1981), pp. 61-74.
- Baltisberger, M. and Widmer, A. 2009. Chromosome numbers and karyotypes within the Ranunculus alpestris-group (Ranunculaceae) Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 9 (2009) 232–243.
- Baltisberger, M. and Widmer, A. 2005. Cytological investigations on some Ranunculus-species from Crete Candollea, 60 (2005), pp. 335-344 Baytop, A., Özhatay, N., 1975. ISTE Herbaryumundaki Türkiye Bitkileri Örnekleri II: Ranunculaceae ve Paeoniaceae, Ġst. Ecz. Fak. Mecm., 11: 227-253.
- Bennett, M.D. 1998. Plant genome values: How much do we know? Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 95 (1998), pp. 2011-2016 .
- Crawford, D.J., Mort, M.E. and Archibald, J.K. 2005. Biosystematics, chromsomes and molecular data: melding the old and the new Taxon, 54 (2005), pp. 285-289.
- Davis PH, (ed.) 1965-1985. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Edinburgh Univ. Press, Vol.1-9, Edinburgh.
- Davis, P.H., 1960. Materials for a Flora of Turkey: IV, Ranunculaceae: II, Notes RBG, XXIII (2).
- Elçi, Ş. (1982). Sitogenetikte Gözlemler ve Araştırma Yöntemleri, Fırat Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Yayınları, Elazığ.
- Goepfert, D. 1974. Karyotypes and DNA content in species of Ranunculus L. and related genera Bot. Not., 127 (1974), pp. 464-489.
- Goepfert, D. 1975. Chromosome length values in digenomic buttercups (Ranunculaceae) and the relation to DNA content Chromosoma, 49 (1975), pp. 383-390.
- Güner Doğan, E. (2012). Ranunculus L. Şu eserde: Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M. ve Babaç, M.T. (edlr.). Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler), 780-786. Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, İstanbul.
- Hörandl, E., Paun, O., Johansson, J.T., Lehnebach, C., Armstrong, T., Chen, L., Lockhart, P. 2005. Phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary traits in Ranunculus s.l. (Ranunculaceae) inferred from ITS sequence analysis Mol. Phyl. Evol., 36 (2005), pp. 305-327.
- Hörandl, E., Paun, O., Johansson, J.T., Lehnebach, C. , Armstrong, T., Chen, L., Lockhart, P. 2005. Phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary traits in Ranunculus s.l. (Ranunculaceae) inferred from ITS sequence analysis Mol. Phyl. Evol., 36 (2005), pp. 305-327.
- Huber, W. 1988. Natürliche Bastardierungen zwischen weißblühenden Ranunculus-Arten in den Alpen Veröff. Geobot. Inst. ETH, Stiftg. Rübel, 100 (1988), pp. 1-160.
- Johansson, J.T. 1998. Chloroplast DNA restriction site mapping and the phylogeny of Ranunculus (Ranunculaceae) Pl. Syst. Evol., 213 (1998), pp. 1-19.
- Julin, E., 1977. Some Bothnian subspecies in the Ranunculus auricomus Complex: Origin and Dispersal, Bot. Notiser, 130(3).
- Julin, E., 1978. New subspecies of Ranunculus auricomus from Wastmanland, Sweden, Bot. Notiser, 131.
- Küpfer, P. 1975. Recherches sur les liens de parenté entre la flore orophile des Alpes et celle des Pyrénées Boissiera, 23 (1974), pp. 1-322.
- Lehnebach CA, 2008. Phylogenetic Affinities, Species Delimitation and Adaptive Radiation of New Zealand Ranunculus, Palmerson North, New Zealand: Massey University.
- Levan, A., Fredga, K. and Sandberg, A.A. 1964. Nomenclature for centromeric position on chromosomes Hereditas, 52 (1964), pp. 201-220.
- Özdağ N, 2020. Ranunculus L. (Ranunculaceae) cinsine ait bazı taksonların polen morfolojileri, Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Bitlis.
- Rossello, J.A. and Castro, M. 2008. Karyological evolution of the angiosperm endemic flora of the Balearic Islands Taxon, 57 (2008), pp. 259-273.
- Schuettpelz, E., Hoot, S.B., Samuel, R., Ehrendorfer, F. 2002. Multiple origins of southern hemisphere Anemone (Ranunculaceae) based on plastid and nuclear sequence data Pl. Syst. Evol., 231 (2002), pp. 143-151.
- Sharma, A. and Sen, S. 2002. Chromosome Botany Science Publishers, Enfield, NH.
- Stace, C.A., 2000. Cytology and cytogenetics as a fundamental resource for the 20th and 21th centuries. Taxon 49, 451–477.
- Tamura M, 1993. Ranunculaceae. In: the Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Kubitzki.
- Tamura M, 1995. Angiospermae. Ordnung Ranunculales. Familie Ranunculaceae. II. Systematic Part. In: Natürliche Pflanzenfamilien. Hiepko, P. (Ed.) Duncker & Humblot, Berlin. Pp. 223-519.
- Tan, K., 1984. More New Taxa from South and East Anatolia, Notes RBG, 42 (1).
- Vuille, C. and Küpfer, P. 1985. Aposporie chez le Ranunculus parnassifolius L. I. Etude cytoembryologique Bull. Soc. Neuchât. Sci. Nat., 108 (1985), pp. 123-134.
- Yilmaz Sancar, P., Civelek, S. (2012) Artemisia spicigera K. Koch türünün Van Gölü çevresindeki populasyonlarının morfolojik ve sitogenetik yönden araştırılması, Fırat Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek lisans tezi.
- Yilmaz Sancar, P., Civelek, S., Kursat, M. (2021) The morphological, karyologicaland phylo-genetic analyses of three Artemisia L. (Asteraceae) species that around the Van Lake in Turkey. Caryologia 74(3): 53-63. doi: 10.36253/caryologia-1139.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Structural Biology |
| Journal Section | RESEARCH ARTICLES |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | FF.20.09 |
| Publication Date | December 20, 2023 |
| Submission Date | July 26, 2022 |
| Acceptance Date | June 24, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 6 Issue: Ek Sayı |
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