The investigation of the association between systemic diseases and periodontitis in subjects referred periodontology clinic
Abstract
Aim: The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of systemic diseases in subjects referred toperiodontology clinic, to evaluate whether there is a difference in risk of systemic disease existence betweensubjects with and without periodontitis and to assess whether there is any association between periodontitisand systemic diseases in this population. Material and methods: The 2737 medical and dental history formsof the subjects referred Periodontology Clinic of Suleyman Demirel University Faculty of Dentistry whichwere archived in years 2004-2005 were assessed. Results: A total of 1887 patients were periodontitis while850 patients were not based on the anamnesis forms. The number of patients with systemic disease was 846(30.9%). The most common systemic disease was cardiovascular disease (12.1%) followed by endocrinediseases (7.2%), rheumatologic diseases (4.3%), infectious diseases (4.3%), hematologic disorders (3%),pulmonary diseases (2.9%), and dermatologic diseases (0.5%). There was significant difference regardingthe presence of systemic diseases between the subjects with and without periodontitis (p<0.001). Periodontitiswas found a risk factor for systemic disease existence with an odds ratio of 1.775 in logistic regressionanalysis. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that periodontitis patients had more systemic disease comparedwith subjects without periodontitis. Periodontitis may be a risk factor for systemic disease
References
- Page RC. The pathobiology of periodontal diseases may affect systemic diseases: inversion of a paradigm. Annals of Periodontology 1998; 3: 108- 120.
- Ebersole JL, Capelli CD, Mott G, Kesavalu L, Holt SC, Singer RE. Systemic manifestations of periodontitis in the non-human primate. Journal of Periodontal Research 1999; 62:123- 131.
- Amar S, Gokce N, Morgan S, Loukideli M, Van Dyke TE, Vita J. Periodontal disease is associated with brachial endothelial dysfunction and systemic inflammation. Atheriosclerosis, Trombosis and Vascular Biology 2003; 23: 1245
- Mercanoðlu F, Oflaz H, Oz O, Gokbuget AY, Genchellac H, Sezer M. et al. Endothelial dysfunction in patients with chronic periodontitis and its improvements after initial periodontal therapy. Journal of Periodontology 2004; 75: 1694-1700.
- Stein JM, Kuch B, Conrads G, Fickl S, Chrobot J, Schulz S, et al. Clinical periodontal and microbiologic parameters in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Journal of Periodontology 2009; 80:1581-9
- Blaizot A, Vergnes JN, Nuwwareh S, Amar J, Sixou M. Periodontal diseases and cardiovascular events: meta-analysis of observational studies. International Dental Journal 2009; 59:197-209.
- Beck JD, Garcia R, Heiss G, Vokonas PS, Offenbacher S. Periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. Journal of Periodontology 1996; 67: 1123- 1137.
- Beck JD, Offenbacher S, Williams R, Gibbs P, Garcia R. Periodontitis: a risk factor for coronary heart disease. Annals of Periodontology 1998; 3: 127- 141.
- Emingil G, Buduneli E, Aliyev A, Akilli A, Atilla G. Association between periodontal disease and acute myocardial infarction. Journal of Periodontology 2000; 71: 1882- 1886.
- Cueto A, Mesa F, Bravo M, Ocana-Riola R. Periodontitis as risk factor for acute myocardial infarction. A case control study of Spanish adults. Journal of Periodontal Research 2005; 40: 36- 42.
- Syrjänen J, Peltola J, Valtonen V, Iývanainen M, Kaste
- M, Huttunen JK. Dental infections in association with cerebral infarction in young and middle-aged men. Journal of Internal Medicine 1989; 225: 179- 184.
- Jimenez M, Krall EA, Garcia RI, Vokonas PS, Dietrich T. Periodontitis and incidence of cerebrovascular disease in men. Annals of Neurology 2009; 66:505-12.
- Iacopino AM. Periodontitis and diabetes interrelationships: The role of inflammation. Annals of Periodontology 2001; 6: 125- 137.
- Grossi SG, Genco RJ. Periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus: a two way relationship. Annals of Periodontology 1998; 3: 51- 61.
- Mercado F, Marshall RI, Klestov AC, Klesto C, Bartold PM. Is there a relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and periodontal disease? Journal of Clinical Periodontology 2000; 27: 267- 272.
- Garcia RI, Krall EA, Vokonas PS. Periodontal disease and mortality from all causes in the VA dental longitudinal study. Annals of Periodontology 1998; 3: 339- 349.
- Shoutherland JH, Taylor GW, Moss K, Beck JD, Offenbacher S. Commonality in chronic inflammatory diseases: periodontitis, diabetes, and coronary artery disease. Periodontology 2000 2006; 40: 130-143.
- Bartold PM. Connective tissues of the periodontium. Research and clinical implications. Australian Dental Journal 1991; 136: 255- 261.
- The Research, Science and Therapy Committee of the American Academy of Periodontology. Periodontal disease as a risk factor for systemic diseases. Journal of Periodontology 1998; 69: 841- 850.
- Noack B, Genco RJ, Trevisan M, Grossi S, Zambon JJ, De Nardin E. Periodontal infections contribute to elevated systemic C-reactive protein level. Journal of Periodontology 2001; 72: 1221- 1227.
- Iacopino AM, Cutler CW. Pathophysiological relationships between periodontitis and systemic disease: Recent concepts involving serum lipids. Journal of Periodontology 2000; 71: 1375- 1384.
- DeStefano F, Anda R, Kahn HS, Williamson DF, Russel CF. Dental disease and risk of coronary heart disease and mortality. British Medical Journal 1993; 306: 688- 691.
- Khader YS, Albashaireh ZS, Alomari MA Periodontal diseases and the risk of coronary heart and cerebrovascular diseases: a meta-analysis. Journal of Periodontology 2004; 75:1046-53.
- Franek E, Napora M, Blach A, Budlevski T, Gozdowski D, Jedynasty K, et al. Blood pressure and left ventricular mass in subjects with type 2 diabetes and gingivitis or chronic periodontitis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 2010; 37: 875880. doi: 10.1111/j.1600- 051X.2010.01613.x.
- Scannapieco FA, Ho AW. Potential associations between chronic respiratory disease and periodontal disease: Analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III. Journal of Periodontology 2001; 72: 50- 56.
- Terpenning MS. The relationships between infections and chronic respiratory diseases. Annals of Periodontology 2001; 6: 66- 70.
- Offenbacher S, Katz V, Fertik G, Collins C, Boyd D, Maynor G et al. Periodontal infection as a possible risk factor for preterm low birth weight. Journal of Periodontology 1996; 67: 1103- 1113.
- Kýran M, Arpak N, Ünsal E, Erdoðan MF. The effect of improved periodontal health on metabolic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 2005; 32: 266- 272.
- Oz SG, Fentoglu O, Kilicarslan A, Guven GS, Tanrtover MD, Aykac Y et al. Beneficial effects of periodontal treatment on metabolic control of hypercholesterolemia. South Medical Journal 2007; 100: 686-91.
- Tekharf Study [updated July 2009, cited 10 November 2 0 1 0 ] A v a i l a b l e f r o m : http://tekharf.org/images/2009/giris.pdf
- Page RC, Eke PI. Case Definitions for Use in Population-Based Surveillance of Periodontitis Journal of Periodontology 2007; 78: 1387-1399.
- Molloy J, Wolf LF, Lopez-Guzman A, Hodges JS. The association of periodontal disease parameters with systemic medical conditions and tobacco use. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 2004; 31: 625- 632.
- Nery EB, Meister FJr, Ellinger RF, Eslami A, McNamara TJ. Prevalence of medical problems in periodontal patients obtained from three different populations. Journal of Periodontology 1987; 58: 564- 568.
- Persson RE, Persson GR. The elderly at risk for periodontitis and systemic diseases. Dental Clinics of North America 2005; 49: 279- 292.
- Albandar JM, Brunelle JA, Kingman A. Destructive periodontal disease in adults 30 years of age and older in the United States, 1988- 1994. Journal of Periodontology 1999; 70: 13- 29.
- Hirotomi T, Yoshihara A, Yano M, Ando Y, Miyazaki H. Longitudinal study on periodontal conditions in elderly people in Japan. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 2002; 30: 409- 417.
- Georgiu TO, Marshall RI, Bartold PM. Prevalence of systemic diseases in Brisbane general and periodontal practice patients. Australian Dental Journal2004; 49(4): 177- 84.
- Bergström J, Eliasson S. Cigarette smoking and alveolar bone height in subjects with high standard of oral hygiene. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 1987; 14: 466- 469.
- Feldman RS, Alman JE, Chauncey HH. Periodontal disease indexes and tobacco smoking in healthy aging men. Gerodontology 1987; 1: 43- 46.
- Bergström J, Eliasson S, Dock J. A 10-year prospective study of tobacco smoking and periodontal health. Journal of Periodontology 2000; 71: 1338- 1347.
- Lagerwall M, Jansson L, Bergström J. Systemic disorders in patients with periodontal disease. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 2003; 30: 293- 299.
- Peacock ME, Carson RE. Frequency of self-reported medical conditions in periodontal patients. Journal of Periodontology 1995; 66: 1004- 1007.
- Kýrtýloðlu T, Sakallýoðlu U, Keskiner Ý, Açýkgöz G. Frequency of systemic disease in patients with gingivitis and periodontitis in periodontology clinic.(Article in Turkish) Ondokuz Mayýs Üniversitesi Diþhekimliði Fakültesi Dergisi 2002; 3: 75- 79.
- Schillinger T, Kluger W, Exner M, Mlekusch W, Sabeti S, Amighi J, et al. Dental and periodontal status and risk for progression of carotid atherosclerosis: the inflammation and carotid artery risk for atherosclerosis study dental substudy. Stroke 2006; 37:2271-6
THE INVESTIGATION OF THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SYSTEMIC DISEASES AND PERIODONTITIS IN SUBJECTS REFERRED PERIODONTOLOGY CLINIC
Abstract
ÖZET
Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı; periodontitisi olan ve olmayan bireylerde sistemik hastalıkların prevalansını belirleyerek, bu bireyler arasında sistemik hastalık riski açısından farklılık olup olmadığını değerlendirmek ve incelenen populasyonda periodontitis ile sistemik hastalıklar arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığını araştırmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: 2004- 2005 yılları arasında, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Periodontoloji Kliniğine başvuran bireylerin, kaydedilmiş tıbbi ve dental anamnez formları değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Anamnez formlarındaki klinik ve radyografik muayene kayıtlarına dayanarak; 1887 bireyde periodontitis olduğu belirlendi. Geriye kalan 850 bireyde ise periodontitis bulgusuna rastlanmadı. Bireylerin 846 sında (% 30,9) sistemik hastalık olduğu belirlendi. En sık görülen sistemik hastalıklar kalp-damar hastalıkları (%12,2) idi. Bunu endokrin hastalıklar (%7,2), romatizmal hastalıklar (%4,3), kan hastalıkları (%3), göğüs hastalıkları (%2,9) ve dermatolojik hastalıklar (%0,5) takip ediyordu. Periodontitisi olan ve olmayan bireyler arasında, sistemik hastalık varlığı açısından anlamlı farklılık izlendi (p<0,001). Lojistik regresyon analizinde sistemik hastalık riskinin periodontitisi olan bireylerde olmayanlara göre 1,775 olasılıklar oranı ile arttığı belirlendi.
Sonuç: Bu araştırmanın sonuçları periodontitisi olan bireylerin olmayanlara göre daha fazla sistemik hastalığa sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Periodontitis sistemik hastalık varlığı için bir risk faktörü olabilir.
Anahtar kelimeler: periodontitis, sistemik hastalıklar, diş kaybı, prevalans
Abstract:
Aim: The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of systemic diseases in subjects referred to periodontology clinic, to evaluate whether there is a difference in risk of systemic disease existence between subjects with and without periodontitis and to assess whether there is any association between periodontitis and systemic diseases in this population.
Material and methods: The 2737 medical and dental history forms of the subjects referred Periodontology Clinic of Suleyman Demirel University Faculty of Dentistry which were archived in years 2004-2005 were assessed.
Results: A total of 1887 patients were periodontitis while 850 patients were not based on the anamnesis forms. The number of patients with systemic disease was 846 (30.9%). The most common systemic disease was cardiovascular disease (12.1%) followed by endocrine diseases (7.2%), rheumatologic diseases (4.3%), infectious diseases (4.3%), hematologic disorders (3%), pulmonary diseases (2.9%), and dermatologic diseases (0.5%). There was significant difference regarding the presence of systemic diseases between the subjects with and without periodontitis (p<0.001). Periodontitis was found a risk factor for systemic disease existence with an odds ratio of 1.775 in logistic regression analysis.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that periodontitis patients had more systemic disease compared with subjects without periodontitis. Periodontitis may be a risk factor for systemic disease.
Key words: periodontitis, systemic diseases, tooth loss, prevalence
References
- Page RC. The pathobiology of periodontal diseases may affect systemic diseases: inversion of a paradigm. Annals of Periodontology 1998; 3: 108- 120.
- Ebersole JL, Capelli CD, Mott G, Kesavalu L, Holt SC, Singer RE. Systemic manifestations of periodontitis in the non-human primate. Journal of Periodontal Research 1999; 62:123- 131.
- Amar S, Gokce N, Morgan S, Loukideli M, Van Dyke TE, Vita J. Periodontal disease is associated with brachial endothelial dysfunction and systemic inflammation. Atheriosclerosis, Trombosis and Vascular Biology 2003; 23: 1245
- Mercanoðlu F, Oflaz H, Oz O, Gokbuget AY, Genchellac H, Sezer M. et al. Endothelial dysfunction in patients with chronic periodontitis and its improvements after initial periodontal therapy. Journal of Periodontology 2004; 75: 1694-1700.
- Stein JM, Kuch B, Conrads G, Fickl S, Chrobot J, Schulz S, et al. Clinical periodontal and microbiologic parameters in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Journal of Periodontology 2009; 80:1581-9
- Blaizot A, Vergnes JN, Nuwwareh S, Amar J, Sixou M. Periodontal diseases and cardiovascular events: meta-analysis of observational studies. International Dental Journal 2009; 59:197-209.
- Beck JD, Garcia R, Heiss G, Vokonas PS, Offenbacher S. Periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. Journal of Periodontology 1996; 67: 1123- 1137.
- Beck JD, Offenbacher S, Williams R, Gibbs P, Garcia R. Periodontitis: a risk factor for coronary heart disease. Annals of Periodontology 1998; 3: 127- 141.
- Emingil G, Buduneli E, Aliyev A, Akilli A, Atilla G. Association between periodontal disease and acute myocardial infarction. Journal of Periodontology 2000; 71: 1882- 1886.
- Cueto A, Mesa F, Bravo M, Ocana-Riola R. Periodontitis as risk factor for acute myocardial infarction. A case control study of Spanish adults. Journal of Periodontal Research 2005; 40: 36- 42.
- Syrjänen J, Peltola J, Valtonen V, Iývanainen M, Kaste
- M, Huttunen JK. Dental infections in association with cerebral infarction in young and middle-aged men. Journal of Internal Medicine 1989; 225: 179- 184.
- Jimenez M, Krall EA, Garcia RI, Vokonas PS, Dietrich T. Periodontitis and incidence of cerebrovascular disease in men. Annals of Neurology 2009; 66:505-12.
- Iacopino AM. Periodontitis and diabetes interrelationships: The role of inflammation. Annals of Periodontology 2001; 6: 125- 137.
- Grossi SG, Genco RJ. Periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus: a two way relationship. Annals of Periodontology 1998; 3: 51- 61.
- Mercado F, Marshall RI, Klestov AC, Klesto C, Bartold PM. Is there a relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and periodontal disease? Journal of Clinical Periodontology 2000; 27: 267- 272.
- Garcia RI, Krall EA, Vokonas PS. Periodontal disease and mortality from all causes in the VA dental longitudinal study. Annals of Periodontology 1998; 3: 339- 349.
- Shoutherland JH, Taylor GW, Moss K, Beck JD, Offenbacher S. Commonality in chronic inflammatory diseases: periodontitis, diabetes, and coronary artery disease. Periodontology 2000 2006; 40: 130-143.
- Bartold PM. Connective tissues of the periodontium. Research and clinical implications. Australian Dental Journal 1991; 136: 255- 261.
- The Research, Science and Therapy Committee of the American Academy of Periodontology. Periodontal disease as a risk factor for systemic diseases. Journal of Periodontology 1998; 69: 841- 850.
- Noack B, Genco RJ, Trevisan M, Grossi S, Zambon JJ, De Nardin E. Periodontal infections contribute to elevated systemic C-reactive protein level. Journal of Periodontology 2001; 72: 1221- 1227.
- Iacopino AM, Cutler CW. Pathophysiological relationships between periodontitis and systemic disease: Recent concepts involving serum lipids. Journal of Periodontology 2000; 71: 1375- 1384.
- DeStefano F, Anda R, Kahn HS, Williamson DF, Russel CF. Dental disease and risk of coronary heart disease and mortality. British Medical Journal 1993; 306: 688- 691.
- Khader YS, Albashaireh ZS, Alomari MA Periodontal diseases and the risk of coronary heart and cerebrovascular diseases: a meta-analysis. Journal of Periodontology 2004; 75:1046-53.
- Franek E, Napora M, Blach A, Budlevski T, Gozdowski D, Jedynasty K, et al. Blood pressure and left ventricular mass in subjects with type 2 diabetes and gingivitis or chronic periodontitis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 2010; 37: 875880. doi: 10.1111/j.1600- 051X.2010.01613.x.
- Scannapieco FA, Ho AW. Potential associations between chronic respiratory disease and periodontal disease: Analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III. Journal of Periodontology 2001; 72: 50- 56.
- Terpenning MS. The relationships between infections and chronic respiratory diseases. Annals of Periodontology 2001; 6: 66- 70.
- Offenbacher S, Katz V, Fertik G, Collins C, Boyd D, Maynor G et al. Periodontal infection as a possible risk factor for preterm low birth weight. Journal of Periodontology 1996; 67: 1103- 1113.
- Kýran M, Arpak N, Ünsal E, Erdoðan MF. The effect of improved periodontal health on metabolic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 2005; 32: 266- 272.
- Oz SG, Fentoglu O, Kilicarslan A, Guven GS, Tanrtover MD, Aykac Y et al. Beneficial effects of periodontal treatment on metabolic control of hypercholesterolemia. South Medical Journal 2007; 100: 686-91.
- Tekharf Study [updated July 2009, cited 10 November 2 0 1 0 ] A v a i l a b l e f r o m : http://tekharf.org/images/2009/giris.pdf
- Page RC, Eke PI. Case Definitions for Use in Population-Based Surveillance of Periodontitis Journal of Periodontology 2007; 78: 1387-1399.
- Molloy J, Wolf LF, Lopez-Guzman A, Hodges JS. The association of periodontal disease parameters with systemic medical conditions and tobacco use. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 2004; 31: 625- 632.
- Nery EB, Meister FJr, Ellinger RF, Eslami A, McNamara TJ. Prevalence of medical problems in periodontal patients obtained from three different populations. Journal of Periodontology 1987; 58: 564- 568.
- Persson RE, Persson GR. The elderly at risk for periodontitis and systemic diseases. Dental Clinics of North America 2005; 49: 279- 292.
- Albandar JM, Brunelle JA, Kingman A. Destructive periodontal disease in adults 30 years of age and older in the United States, 1988- 1994. Journal of Periodontology 1999; 70: 13- 29.
- Hirotomi T, Yoshihara A, Yano M, Ando Y, Miyazaki H. Longitudinal study on periodontal conditions in elderly people in Japan. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 2002; 30: 409- 417.
- Georgiu TO, Marshall RI, Bartold PM. Prevalence of systemic diseases in Brisbane general and periodontal practice patients. Australian Dental Journal2004; 49(4): 177- 84.
- Bergström J, Eliasson S. Cigarette smoking and alveolar bone height in subjects with high standard of oral hygiene. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 1987; 14: 466- 469.
- Feldman RS, Alman JE, Chauncey HH. Periodontal disease indexes and tobacco smoking in healthy aging men. Gerodontology 1987; 1: 43- 46.
- Bergström J, Eliasson S, Dock J. A 10-year prospective study of tobacco smoking and periodontal health. Journal of Periodontology 2000; 71: 1338- 1347.
- Lagerwall M, Jansson L, Bergström J. Systemic disorders in patients with periodontal disease. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 2003; 30: 293- 299.
- Peacock ME, Carson RE. Frequency of self-reported medical conditions in periodontal patients. Journal of Periodontology 1995; 66: 1004- 1007.
- Kýrtýloðlu T, Sakallýoðlu U, Keskiner Ý, Açýkgöz G. Frequency of systemic disease in patients with gingivitis and periodontitis in periodontology clinic.(Article in Turkish) Ondokuz Mayýs Üniversitesi Diþhekimliði Fakültesi Dergisi 2002; 3: 75- 79.
- Schillinger T, Kluger W, Exner M, Mlekusch W, Sabeti S, Amighi J, et al. Dental and periodontal status and risk for progression of carotid atherosclerosis: the inflammation and carotid artery risk for atherosclerosis study dental substudy. Stroke 2006; 37:2271-6
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Dentistry |
| Journal Section | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | September 30, 2013 |
| Submission Date | January 3, 2011 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2013 Volume: 20 Issue: 3 |
Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi/Medical Journal of Süleyman Demirel University is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International.