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Soil losses due to garlic harvesting: A case study Balıkesir –Altıeylül Town

Year 2021, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 15 - 22, 17.06.2021

Mehmet Parlak Timuçin Everest

https://doi.org/10.33409/tbbbd.871070
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Soil erosion generates a threat of soil degradation. Soil erosion exerts threats also on soil conditions, crop yield, biodiversity and human nutrition. Sustainability of soil resources is influenced by soil loss through harvesting of sugar beet, potato, carrot and garliclike plants. This study was conducted to determine soil loss through garlic harvesting, factors effecting soil loss, quantity and cost of nutrients lost through soil loss. Mean annual soil loss was 3.23 tonnes ha-1 harvest-1 for garlic. 95% of variation in soil loss due to garlic harvesting was explained by gravimetric water content, soil texture, bulk density, lime, organic matter, plant density and garlic yield. Annual cost of nutrient loss through garlic harvesting was calculated as 10.74 dollars ha-1. As a result of the research, it was suggested that soil loss caused by garlic harvest should be taken into account in determining total soil erosion.

Keywords

Soil loss garlic nutrient losses harvest erosion water pollution

References

  • Akan S, 2014. Sarımsak (Allium sativum L.) tüketiminin insan sağlığına yararları. Akademik Gıda 12(2): 95-100.
  • Berberoglu S, Cilek A, Kirkby M, Irvine B, Donmez C, 2020. Spatial and temporal evaluation of soil erosion in Turkey under climate change scenarios using the Pan European Soil Erosion Risk Assessment (PESERA) model. Environ. Monit. Assess. 192: 491.
  • Bremner JM, 1996. Nitrogen–Total. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3. Chemical Methods (ed. Sparks DL), American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, pp. 1085–1122.
  • Dada POO, Adeyanju OR, Adeosun OJ, Adewumi JK, 2016. Effects of soil physical properties on soil loss due to manual yam harvesting under a sandy loam environment. Int. Soil Water Conserv. Res. 4: 121–125.
  • FAO, 2017. FAOSTAT. Data.Crops.http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC (accessed 20 November 2019).
  • Faraji M, Chakan AA, Jafarizadeh M, Behbahani AM, 2017. Soil and nutrient losses due to root crops harvesting: a case study from south western Iran. Arch. Agron. Soil Sci. 63(11): 1523-1534.
  • Gee GW, Or D, 2002. Particle size analysis. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 4, Physical Methods(ed. Dane JH, Topp GC), SSSA, Book Series No: 5, Madison, pp. 255–293.
  • Grossman RB, Reinsch TG, 2002. Bulk density and linear extensibility: core method. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 4, Physical Methods (ed. Dane JH, Topp GC), SSSA, Book Series No: 5, Madison, pp. 201–293.
  • Helmke PA, Sparks DL, 1996. Lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and calcium. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3.Chemical Methods (ed. Sparks DL), American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, pp. 551-574.
  • Isabirye M, Ruysschaert G, Van Linden L, Poesen J, Magunda MK, Deckers J, 2007. Soil losses due to cassava and sweet potato harvesting: a case study from low input traditional agriculture. Soil Tillage Res. 92: 96-103.
  • Kuo S, 1996. Phosphorus. . Lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and calcium. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3. Chemical Methods (ed. Sparks DL), American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, pp. 869 –920.
  • Li Y, Ruysschaert G, Poesen J, Zhang QW, Bai LY, Li L, Sun LF, 2006. Soil losses due to potato and sugar beet harvesting in NE China. Earth Surf. Proc. Land. 31: 1003-1016.
  • Mwango SB, Msanya BM, Mtakwa PW, Kimaro DN, Deckers J, Poesen J, Lilanga S, Sanga R, 2015. Soil loss due to crop harvesting in Usambara Mountains, Tanzania: the case of carrot, onion and potato. Int. J. Plant Soil Sci. 4(1): 18-28.
  • Loeppert RH., Suarez DL, 1996. Carbonate and gypsum. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3. Chemical Methods (ed. Sparks DL), American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, pp. 437–474.
  • Nelson DW, Sommers LE, 1996. Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter: Laboratory methods. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3. Chemical Methods (ed. Sparks DL), American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, pp. 961–1010.
  • Oshunsanya SO, 2016. Quantification of soil loss due to white cocoyam (Colocasia esculentus) and red cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) harvesting in traditional farming system. Catena 137: 134-143.
  • Oshunsanya SO, Yu H, Li Y, 2018. Soil loss due to root crop harvesting increases with tillage operations. Soil Tillage Res. 181: 93-101.
  • Oshunsanya SO, Yu H, Li Y, Saggar S, 2019. Root hairs and cortex contribute to soil due to root crop harvesting. Catena 174: 514-523.
  • Oztas T, Ozbek AK, Turan M, 2002. The cost of soil lost from fields due to removal on harvested sugar beet: a case study in Turkey. Soil Use Manage. 18: 236-237.
  • Parlak M, 2019. Greenhouse gas footprint of replacing nutrients lost through soil erosion due to root and tuber crops harvesting. Mediterranean Agric. Sci. 32(1): 95-99.
  • Parlak M, Blanco-Canqui H, 2015. Soil losses due to potato harvesting: a case study in western Turkey. Soil Use Manage. 31(4): 525-527.
  • Parlak M, Çiçek G, Blanco-Canqui H, 2018. Celery harvesting causes losses of soil: a case study in Turkey. Soil Tillage Res.180: 204-209.
  • Parlak M, Everest T, Ruis SJ, Blanco H, 2020. Impact of urbanization on soil loss: a case study from sod production. Environ. Monit. Assess.192:588.
  • Parlak M, Karaca S, Türkmen N, 2008. The cost of soil lost caused by sugar beet harvest: a case study for Turkey. J. Agric. Sci. 14 (3): 284-287.
  • Parlak M, Palta Ç, Yokuş S, Blanco-Canqui H, Çarkacı DA, 2016. Soil losses due to carrot harvesting in south central Turkey. Catena 140: 24-30.
  • Poesen JWA, Verstraeten G, Soenens R, Seynaeve L, 2001. Soil losses due to harvesting of chicory roots and sugar beet: an underrated geomorphic process? Catena 43: 35-47.
  • Pozza LE, Field DJ, 2020. The science of soil security and food security. Soil Security 1: 100002.
  • Ruysschaert G, Poesen J, Verstraeten G, Govers G, 2004. Soil loss due to crop harvesting: significance and determining factors. Prog. Phys. Geog. 28: 467–501.
  • SAS Institute Inc, 2018. SAS/Entreprise Guide Version 9.4.
  • Schertz DL, Nearing MA, 2002. Erosion tolerance/soil loss tolerances. (ed.Lal R), Encyclopedia of Soil Science. Marcel Dekker Inc. New York, USA. pp.448-451.
  • Stockmann U, Minasny B, McBratney AB, 2014. How fast does soil grow? Geoderma 216: 48–61.
  • Topp GC, Ferre PA, 2002. Water content. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 4, Physical Methods(ed. Dane JH, Topp GC), SSSA, Book Series No: 5, Madison, pp. 417-545.
  • TUIK, 2019. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Tarımsal veriler. (Erişim tarihi 20 Ekim 2019) http://www.tuik.gov.tr
  • Yu H, Li Y, Zhou N, Chapell A, Li X, Poesen J, 2016. Soil nutrient loss due to tuber crop harvesting and its environmental impact in the North China Plain. J. Integr. Agr. 15(7): 1612-1624.

Sarımsak hasatıyla meydana gelen toprak kaybının belirlenmesi: Balıkesir-Altıeylül İlçesi örneği

Year 2021, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 15 - 22, 17.06.2021

Mehmet Parlak Timuçin Everest

https://doi.org/10.33409/tbbbd.871070
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Toprak erozyonu toprak degredasyonuna neden olan tehditlerden birisidir. Toprak erozyonunun toprak koşullarını, bitki verimini, biyoçeşitliliği ve insan beslenmesini tehdit ettiği bilinmektedir. Toprak kaynaklarının sürdürülebilirliğini şeker pancarı, patates, havuç, sarımsak gibi bitkilerin hasatı sırasında oluşan toprak kayıpları etkilemektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı sarımsak hasatının neden olduğu toprak kaybını, kaybı etkileyen faktörleri, kaybolan topraktaki besin maddelerinin miktarını ve maliyetini belirlemektir. Sarımsak hasadı yılda 3.23 ton ha-1 toprak kaybına yol açmaktadır. Sarımsak hasatında toprak kaybındaki değişkenliğin %95’i toprağın nem içeriği, toprak bünyesi, hacim ağırlığı, kireç, organik madde, bitki sıklığı, baş ağırlığı ve sarımsak verimi açıklamıştır. Sarımsak hasatında besin maddesi kayıplarının yıllık maliyeti 10.74 dolar ha-1 olarak tahmin edilmiştir. Sarımsak hasatının neden olduğu toprak kaybı toplam toprak erozyonunun belirlenmesinde dikkate alınmalıdır.

Keywords

Toprak kaybı sarımsak besin madde kayıpları hasat erozyonu su kirliliği

References

  • Akan S, 2014. Sarımsak (Allium sativum L.) tüketiminin insan sağlığına yararları. Akademik Gıda 12(2): 95-100.
  • Berberoglu S, Cilek A, Kirkby M, Irvine B, Donmez C, 2020. Spatial and temporal evaluation of soil erosion in Turkey under climate change scenarios using the Pan European Soil Erosion Risk Assessment (PESERA) model. Environ. Monit. Assess. 192: 491.
  • Bremner JM, 1996. Nitrogen–Total. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3. Chemical Methods (ed. Sparks DL), American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, pp. 1085–1122.
  • Dada POO, Adeyanju OR, Adeosun OJ, Adewumi JK, 2016. Effects of soil physical properties on soil loss due to manual yam harvesting under a sandy loam environment. Int. Soil Water Conserv. Res. 4: 121–125.
  • FAO, 2017. FAOSTAT. Data.Crops.http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC (accessed 20 November 2019).
  • Faraji M, Chakan AA, Jafarizadeh M, Behbahani AM, 2017. Soil and nutrient losses due to root crops harvesting: a case study from south western Iran. Arch. Agron. Soil Sci. 63(11): 1523-1534.
  • Gee GW, Or D, 2002. Particle size analysis. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 4, Physical Methods(ed. Dane JH, Topp GC), SSSA, Book Series No: 5, Madison, pp. 255–293.
  • Grossman RB, Reinsch TG, 2002. Bulk density and linear extensibility: core method. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 4, Physical Methods (ed. Dane JH, Topp GC), SSSA, Book Series No: 5, Madison, pp. 201–293.
  • Helmke PA, Sparks DL, 1996. Lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and calcium. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3.Chemical Methods (ed. Sparks DL), American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, pp. 551-574.
  • Isabirye M, Ruysschaert G, Van Linden L, Poesen J, Magunda MK, Deckers J, 2007. Soil losses due to cassava and sweet potato harvesting: a case study from low input traditional agriculture. Soil Tillage Res. 92: 96-103.
  • Kuo S, 1996. Phosphorus. . Lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and calcium. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3. Chemical Methods (ed. Sparks DL), American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, pp. 869 –920.
  • Li Y, Ruysschaert G, Poesen J, Zhang QW, Bai LY, Li L, Sun LF, 2006. Soil losses due to potato and sugar beet harvesting in NE China. Earth Surf. Proc. Land. 31: 1003-1016.
  • Mwango SB, Msanya BM, Mtakwa PW, Kimaro DN, Deckers J, Poesen J, Lilanga S, Sanga R, 2015. Soil loss due to crop harvesting in Usambara Mountains, Tanzania: the case of carrot, onion and potato. Int. J. Plant Soil Sci. 4(1): 18-28.
  • Loeppert RH., Suarez DL, 1996. Carbonate and gypsum. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3. Chemical Methods (ed. Sparks DL), American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, pp. 437–474.
  • Nelson DW, Sommers LE, 1996. Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter: Laboratory methods. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3. Chemical Methods (ed. Sparks DL), American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, pp. 961–1010.
  • Oshunsanya SO, 2016. Quantification of soil loss due to white cocoyam (Colocasia esculentus) and red cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) harvesting in traditional farming system. Catena 137: 134-143.
  • Oshunsanya SO, Yu H, Li Y, 2018. Soil loss due to root crop harvesting increases with tillage operations. Soil Tillage Res. 181: 93-101.
  • Oshunsanya SO, Yu H, Li Y, Saggar S, 2019. Root hairs and cortex contribute to soil due to root crop harvesting. Catena 174: 514-523.
  • Oztas T, Ozbek AK, Turan M, 2002. The cost of soil lost from fields due to removal on harvested sugar beet: a case study in Turkey. Soil Use Manage. 18: 236-237.
  • Parlak M, 2019. Greenhouse gas footprint of replacing nutrients lost through soil erosion due to root and tuber crops harvesting. Mediterranean Agric. Sci. 32(1): 95-99.
  • Parlak M, Blanco-Canqui H, 2015. Soil losses due to potato harvesting: a case study in western Turkey. Soil Use Manage. 31(4): 525-527.
  • Parlak M, Çiçek G, Blanco-Canqui H, 2018. Celery harvesting causes losses of soil: a case study in Turkey. Soil Tillage Res.180: 204-209.
  • Parlak M, Everest T, Ruis SJ, Blanco H, 2020. Impact of urbanization on soil loss: a case study from sod production. Environ. Monit. Assess.192:588.
  • Parlak M, Karaca S, Türkmen N, 2008. The cost of soil lost caused by sugar beet harvest: a case study for Turkey. J. Agric. Sci. 14 (3): 284-287.
  • Parlak M, Palta Ç, Yokuş S, Blanco-Canqui H, Çarkacı DA, 2016. Soil losses due to carrot harvesting in south central Turkey. Catena 140: 24-30.
  • Poesen JWA, Verstraeten G, Soenens R, Seynaeve L, 2001. Soil losses due to harvesting of chicory roots and sugar beet: an underrated geomorphic process? Catena 43: 35-47.
  • Pozza LE, Field DJ, 2020. The science of soil security and food security. Soil Security 1: 100002.
  • Ruysschaert G, Poesen J, Verstraeten G, Govers G, 2004. Soil loss due to crop harvesting: significance and determining factors. Prog. Phys. Geog. 28: 467–501.
  • SAS Institute Inc, 2018. SAS/Entreprise Guide Version 9.4.
  • Schertz DL, Nearing MA, 2002. Erosion tolerance/soil loss tolerances. (ed.Lal R), Encyclopedia of Soil Science. Marcel Dekker Inc. New York, USA. pp.448-451.
  • Stockmann U, Minasny B, McBratney AB, 2014. How fast does soil grow? Geoderma 216: 48–61.
  • Topp GC, Ferre PA, 2002. Water content. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 4, Physical Methods(ed. Dane JH, Topp GC), SSSA, Book Series No: 5, Madison, pp. 417-545.
  • TUIK, 2019. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Tarımsal veriler. (Erişim tarihi 20 Ekim 2019) http://www.tuik.gov.tr
  • Yu H, Li Y, Zhou N, Chapell A, Li X, Poesen J, 2016. Soil nutrient loss due to tuber crop harvesting and its environmental impact in the North China Plain. J. Integr. Agr. 15(7): 1612-1624.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mehmet Parlak 0000-0002-4813-1152

Timuçin Everest 0000-0002-3670-2114

Publication Date June 17, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 9 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Parlak, M., & Everest, T. (2021). Sarımsak hasatıyla meydana gelen toprak kaybının belirlenmesi: Balıkesir-Altıeylül İlçesi örneği. Toprak Bilimi Ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi, 9(1), 15-22. https://doi.org/10.33409/tbbbd.871070
AMA Parlak M, Everest T. Sarımsak hasatıyla meydana gelen toprak kaybının belirlenmesi: Balıkesir-Altıeylül İlçesi örneği. tbbbd. June 2021;9(1):15-22. doi:10.33409/tbbbd.871070
Chicago Parlak, Mehmet, and Timuçin Everest. “Sarımsak hasatıyla Meydana Gelen Toprak kaybının Belirlenmesi: Balıkesir-Altıeylül İlçesi örneği”. Toprak Bilimi Ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi 9, no. 1 (June 2021): 15-22. https://doi.org/10.33409/tbbbd.871070.
EndNote Parlak M, Everest T (June 1, 2021) Sarımsak hasatıyla meydana gelen toprak kaybının belirlenmesi: Balıkesir-Altıeylül İlçesi örneği. Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi 9 1 15–22.
IEEE M. Parlak and T. Everest, “Sarımsak hasatıyla meydana gelen toprak kaybının belirlenmesi: Balıkesir-Altıeylül İlçesi örneği”, tbbbd, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 15–22, 2021, doi: 10.33409/tbbbd.871070.
ISNAD Parlak, Mehmet - Everest, Timuçin. “Sarımsak hasatıyla Meydana Gelen Toprak kaybının Belirlenmesi: Balıkesir-Altıeylül İlçesi örneği”. Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi 9/1 (June 2021), 15-22. https://doi.org/10.33409/tbbbd.871070.
JAMA Parlak M, Everest T. Sarımsak hasatıyla meydana gelen toprak kaybının belirlenmesi: Balıkesir-Altıeylül İlçesi örneği. tbbbd. 2021;9:15–22.
MLA Parlak, Mehmet and Timuçin Everest. “Sarımsak hasatıyla Meydana Gelen Toprak kaybının Belirlenmesi: Balıkesir-Altıeylül İlçesi örneği”. Toprak Bilimi Ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi, vol. 9, no. 1, 2021, pp. 15-22, doi:10.33409/tbbbd.871070.
Vancouver Parlak M, Everest T. Sarımsak hasatıyla meydana gelen toprak kaybının belirlenmesi: Balıkesir-Altıeylül İlçesi örneği. tbbbd. 2021;9(1):15-22.

Cited By

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Land Degradation & Development
https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.4262
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