Research Article
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Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 4, 349 - 357, 05.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1191246

Abstract

References

  • Das, B. M. (1994). Principles of Geotechnical Engineering. Cengage.
  • Pulat, H. F., & Yükselen Aksoy, Y. (2017). Investigation of Shear Strength and Slope Stability of Turkish Municipal Solid Waste Composition. Teknik Dergi, 28(1), 7703-7724
  • Yamak, S. (2017). Karayolu şevlerinde boşluk suyu basınç değişikliklerinin şev stabilitesine etkisinin incelenmesi (Yüksek lisans tezi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara, Türkiye).
  • Collins, B. D., & Znidarcic, D. (2004). Stability analyses of rainfall induced landslides. Journal of geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering, 130(4), 362-372.
  • Griffiths, D. V., & Lane, P. A. (1999). Slope Stability Analysis by finite elements. Geotechnique, 49(3), 387-403.
  • Aslan Fidan, A. (2017). Doygun olmayan koşullarda yağış infiltrasyonu etkisindeki şevlerin stabilite analizi (Yüksek lisans tezi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Dicle Üniversitesi, Diyarbakır, Türkiye).
  • Fourie, A. B., Rowe, D. & Blight, G. E. (1999). The effect of infiltration on the stability of the slopes of a dry ash dump. Geotechnique, 49(1), 1-13.
  • Gasmo, J. M., Rahardjo, H., & Leong, E. C. (2000). Infiltration effects on stability of a residual soil slope. Computers and Geotechnics, 26, 145-165.
  • Wersin, P., Curti, E., & Appelo, C. A. J. (2004). Modelling bentonite–water interactions at high solid/liquid ratios: swelling and diffuse double layer effects. Applied clay science, 26, 249-257.
  • Rocscience. (2004). A New Era in Slope Stability Analysis: Shear Strength Reduction Finite Element Technique.
  • Genç, S. (2009). Şişen zeminler ve bentonit kaolin karışımlarının şişme özellikleri, (Yüksek lisans tezi, Fen bilimleri enstitüsü, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, İstanbul, Türkiye).
  • Pınarlık, M., Kardoğan, P., & Demircan, R. (2017) Şev stabilitesine zemin özelliklerinin etkisinin limit denge yöntemi ile irdelenmesi. Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi, 5(3), 675 – 684.
  • Ün, B. (2019). Şev stabilitesi ve şev hareketlerine karşı alınacak önlemler (Yüksek lisans tezi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, Türkiye).
  • Zhao, C., Jıang, L., Li, X., & Luo, S. (2020). Stability analysis of a rocky slope considering excavation unloading effect. The Civil Engineering Journal, 2, 170-181.
  • TS EN ISO 13500: (2006). Petroleum and natural gas industries - Drilling fluid materials - Specifications and tests. Turkish Standards.
  • TS 977 (1993). Bentonite as drilling fluid material.
  • ASTM D 422 (2020). Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Analysis of Soils ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, ASTM International.
  • ASTM D6913 – 04 (2009). Standard Test Methods for Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Soils Using Sieve Analysis, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  • BS 1377 – 1 (2016). Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes. British Standard Institution, London, UK.
  • ASTM D4318 – 17e1 (2017). Standard test methods for liquid limit, plastic limit, and plasticity index of soils, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  • ASTM D2487 – 11 (2011). Standard Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System). ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  • ASTM D854/D854 – 14 (2014). Standard Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Soil Solids by Water Pycnometer. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  • ASTM D698 – 12 (2021). Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12,400 ft-lbf/ft3 (600 kN-m/m3)). ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  • ASTM D3080/3080M – 11 (2011). Standard Test Method for Direct Shear Test of Soils Under Consolidated Drained Conditions. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  • Yano, K., Suzuki, M., & Nakai, T. (1997). Undrained shear and creep behavior of stiff natural clay. Conference, Japan in Deformation and Progressive Failure in Geomechanics, ’97, Nagoya, 205–210.
  • Shah, K., & Shah, D. L. (2015). Interface friction between soil and geosyntetics. Proceedings of the 5th Indian Young Geotechnical Engineers Conference, March 14-15, Vadodara, Italy, 81-82.
  • Angelim, R. R., Cunha, R. P., & Sales, M. M. (2016). Determining the elastic deformation modulus from a compacted earth embankment via laboratory and Ménard pressuremeter tests. Soils Rocks, São Paulo 39(3), 285–300.
  • T.C. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı, Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü (2023). https://mgm.gov.tr/
  • Manual, T. (2016). PLAXIS 2D. Delft University of Technology & PLAXIS, Netherlands.

Laboratory modeling and analysis of slopes of different geometry under the effect of precipitation

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 4, 349 - 357, 05.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1191246

Abstract

Back stability analysis, in-lab testing, and field tests may all be used to assess the behavior of stability of slopes. Each of these approaches has benefits and drawbacks compared to one another. Amongst these approaches, laboratory modeling stands out with its ability to prepare identical samples, keep external conditions under control, and measure deformations precisely. In this study, laboratory-based slope models at 1(Horizontal)/1(Vertical), 2/3, and 1/3 angles including the effects of precipitation and external loading were created. The results of these models were compared with those of the Plaxis 2D software. First, models were built using highly permeable cohesionless coarse-grained soils, and mixtures containing high plasticity clay (bentonite) at different rates were then prepared to investigate the effect of fine-grained soils on stability. Laboratory tests such as sieve analysis, specific gravity, consistency limits, Standard Proctor, and direct shear were used to assess the geotechnical index and mechanical properties of soils. Incremental surcharge loads were placed on the slope models and surface deformations, and local and general collapses under the effect of precipitation were observed. Laboratory model results highlighted that the fines content had a non-negligible effect on stability. When the slope behaviors were examined, it was observed that the models with a 1/3 slope had more severe local fractures and collapses. The stability of the slope is negatively affected when bentonite content in soil mixtures rises. The results of Plaxis 2D analysis are compatible with those of laboratory model tests and the factor of safety values obtained from Plaxis 2D range from 0.98 to 11.4.

References

  • Das, B. M. (1994). Principles of Geotechnical Engineering. Cengage.
  • Pulat, H. F., & Yükselen Aksoy, Y. (2017). Investigation of Shear Strength and Slope Stability of Turkish Municipal Solid Waste Composition. Teknik Dergi, 28(1), 7703-7724
  • Yamak, S. (2017). Karayolu şevlerinde boşluk suyu basınç değişikliklerinin şev stabilitesine etkisinin incelenmesi (Yüksek lisans tezi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara, Türkiye).
  • Collins, B. D., & Znidarcic, D. (2004). Stability analyses of rainfall induced landslides. Journal of geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering, 130(4), 362-372.
  • Griffiths, D. V., & Lane, P. A. (1999). Slope Stability Analysis by finite elements. Geotechnique, 49(3), 387-403.
  • Aslan Fidan, A. (2017). Doygun olmayan koşullarda yağış infiltrasyonu etkisindeki şevlerin stabilite analizi (Yüksek lisans tezi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Dicle Üniversitesi, Diyarbakır, Türkiye).
  • Fourie, A. B., Rowe, D. & Blight, G. E. (1999). The effect of infiltration on the stability of the slopes of a dry ash dump. Geotechnique, 49(1), 1-13.
  • Gasmo, J. M., Rahardjo, H., & Leong, E. C. (2000). Infiltration effects on stability of a residual soil slope. Computers and Geotechnics, 26, 145-165.
  • Wersin, P., Curti, E., & Appelo, C. A. J. (2004). Modelling bentonite–water interactions at high solid/liquid ratios: swelling and diffuse double layer effects. Applied clay science, 26, 249-257.
  • Rocscience. (2004). A New Era in Slope Stability Analysis: Shear Strength Reduction Finite Element Technique.
  • Genç, S. (2009). Şişen zeminler ve bentonit kaolin karışımlarının şişme özellikleri, (Yüksek lisans tezi, Fen bilimleri enstitüsü, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, İstanbul, Türkiye).
  • Pınarlık, M., Kardoğan, P., & Demircan, R. (2017) Şev stabilitesine zemin özelliklerinin etkisinin limit denge yöntemi ile irdelenmesi. Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi, 5(3), 675 – 684.
  • Ün, B. (2019). Şev stabilitesi ve şev hareketlerine karşı alınacak önlemler (Yüksek lisans tezi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, Türkiye).
  • Zhao, C., Jıang, L., Li, X., & Luo, S. (2020). Stability analysis of a rocky slope considering excavation unloading effect. The Civil Engineering Journal, 2, 170-181.
  • TS EN ISO 13500: (2006). Petroleum and natural gas industries - Drilling fluid materials - Specifications and tests. Turkish Standards.
  • TS 977 (1993). Bentonite as drilling fluid material.
  • ASTM D 422 (2020). Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Analysis of Soils ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, ASTM International.
  • ASTM D6913 – 04 (2009). Standard Test Methods for Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Soils Using Sieve Analysis, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  • BS 1377 – 1 (2016). Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes. British Standard Institution, London, UK.
  • ASTM D4318 – 17e1 (2017). Standard test methods for liquid limit, plastic limit, and plasticity index of soils, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  • ASTM D2487 – 11 (2011). Standard Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System). ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  • ASTM D854/D854 – 14 (2014). Standard Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Soil Solids by Water Pycnometer. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  • ASTM D698 – 12 (2021). Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12,400 ft-lbf/ft3 (600 kN-m/m3)). ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  • ASTM D3080/3080M – 11 (2011). Standard Test Method for Direct Shear Test of Soils Under Consolidated Drained Conditions. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  • Yano, K., Suzuki, M., & Nakai, T. (1997). Undrained shear and creep behavior of stiff natural clay. Conference, Japan in Deformation and Progressive Failure in Geomechanics, ’97, Nagoya, 205–210.
  • Shah, K., & Shah, D. L. (2015). Interface friction between soil and geosyntetics. Proceedings of the 5th Indian Young Geotechnical Engineers Conference, March 14-15, Vadodara, Italy, 81-82.
  • Angelim, R. R., Cunha, R. P., & Sales, M. M. (2016). Determining the elastic deformation modulus from a compacted earth embankment via laboratory and Ménard pressuremeter tests. Soils Rocks, São Paulo 39(3), 285–300.
  • T.C. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı, Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü (2023). https://mgm.gov.tr/
  • Manual, T. (2016). PLAXIS 2D. Delft University of Technology & PLAXIS, Netherlands.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mert Takcı 0000-0002-2261-3524

Inci Develioglu 0000-0001-6594-8095

Hasan Fırat Pulat 0000-0002-8298-7106

Hasan Emre Demirci 0000-0001-6455-9100

Early Pub Date June 22, 2023
Publication Date October 5, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 7 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Takcı, M., Develioglu, I., Pulat, H. F., Demirci, H. E. (2023). Laboratory modeling and analysis of slopes of different geometry under the effect of precipitation. Turkish Journal of Engineering, 7(4), 349-357. https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1191246
AMA Takcı M, Develioglu I, Pulat HF, Demirci HE. Laboratory modeling and analysis of slopes of different geometry under the effect of precipitation. TUJE. October 2023;7(4):349-357. doi:10.31127/tuje.1191246
Chicago Takcı, Mert, Inci Develioglu, Hasan Fırat Pulat, and Hasan Emre Demirci. “Laboratory Modeling and Analysis of Slopes of Different Geometry under the Effect of Precipitation”. Turkish Journal of Engineering 7, no. 4 (October 2023): 349-57. https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1191246.
EndNote Takcı M, Develioglu I, Pulat HF, Demirci HE (October 1, 2023) Laboratory modeling and analysis of slopes of different geometry under the effect of precipitation. Turkish Journal of Engineering 7 4 349–357.
IEEE M. Takcı, I. Develioglu, H. F. Pulat, and H. E. Demirci, “Laboratory modeling and analysis of slopes of different geometry under the effect of precipitation”, TUJE, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 349–357, 2023, doi: 10.31127/tuje.1191246.
ISNAD Takcı, Mert et al. “Laboratory Modeling and Analysis of Slopes of Different Geometry under the Effect of Precipitation”. Turkish Journal of Engineering 7/4 (October 2023), 349-357. https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1191246.
JAMA Takcı M, Develioglu I, Pulat HF, Demirci HE. Laboratory modeling and analysis of slopes of different geometry under the effect of precipitation. TUJE. 2023;7:349–357.
MLA Takcı, Mert et al. “Laboratory Modeling and Analysis of Slopes of Different Geometry under the Effect of Precipitation”. Turkish Journal of Engineering, vol. 7, no. 4, 2023, pp. 349-57, doi:10.31127/tuje.1191246.
Vancouver Takcı M, Develioglu I, Pulat HF, Demirci HE. Laboratory modeling and analysis of slopes of different geometry under the effect of precipitation. TUJE. 2023;7(4):349-57.
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