Research Article
Responce Surface of Drying Parameters on Some Physical Properties Related to Floatability of Extruded Fish Feeds
Abstract
Fish feeds drying plays a major role in the aquaculture industry by ensuring preservation and quality of feed for effective growth and development of farmed fish. Optimization the drying parameters such as drying temperature, drying air velocity and relative humidity plays a crucial role in achieving Response Surface Methodology is a useful to optimized variables/factors more practically as compared to just the statistically significant test for a particular point. The aim of this research to optimize the drying process of an extruded fish feeds which affect the floatability of the feeds. 2000 g of the extruded feeds was dried in a continuous flow belt dryer. The experiments were performed at air temperature of 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100°C, air velocities of 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0 and 1.2 m s-1 and drying belt linear speeds of 50, 55, 60, 65 and 70 rpm. The dried extruded fish feed was subjected to extensive physical properties which are: unit density (kg m-3), water stability (%), sinking velocity and relative absorption ratio. The surface response of each of this physical property of the dried extrudates’ were determined. The result shows that the operational parameter can optimally explain about 90.45%, 93.72%, 95.98% and 70.77% change in the density, water stability, sinking velocity and the relative absorption ratio respectively of the extrudate via quadratic function. The optimum predicted values for air temperature of 97.49°C, conveyor belt speed of 50 rpm and air velocity of 1.10 m s-1 were obtained for the dryer within the range of the input parameters.
Keywords
Fish feeds drying Rejoinder surface Ropiness Water stableness Relative feed-water intake Sinking speed
References
- Aydar AY (2018). Utilization of response surface methodology in optimization of extraction of plant materials. Book Title: Statistical Approaches with Emphasis on Design of Experiments Applied Chemical Processes. Publisher: IntechOpen, Rijeka (2018) Editor: Valter Silva Chapter 10. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.73690
- Chevanan N, Muthukumarappan K, Rosentrater KA and Julson JL (2007b). Effect of die dimensions on extrusion processing parameters and properties of DDGS-based aquaculture feeds. Cereal Chemistry, 84(40): 389-398. doi: https://doi.org/10.1094/Chem-84-4-038
- De-Cruz CR, Kamarudin MS, Saad CR and Ramezani-Fard E (2015). Effects of extruder die temperature on the physical properties of extruded fish pellets containing taro and broken rice starch. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 199: 137-145.
- Duru M., Olude OO and Sanusi MA (2019). Effects of sinking and floating feed on growth performance, nutrient utilization and water quality of Heteroclaris hybrid fingerlings. Aquaculture reports 13, 100- 178.
- Emmanuel O, Chineneye A, Oluwatobi A and Peter K (2014). Review of aquaculture production and management in Nigeria. American Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 4(10): 1137-1151.
- Fagbenro OA and Jauncey K (1995). Water stability, nutrient leaching and nutritional properties of moist fermented fish silage diets. Aquaculture Engineering, 14(2): 143-151.
- Hasan MR and Halder G (2019). Alternative protein sources in aquaculture feed formulation. Aquaculture International, 27(3): 677-699.
- Heras H, Martinez G and Sereno AM (2019): Effect of drying process on the physical properties of aquafeed for shrimp. Journal of Aquaculture Engineering and Fisheries Research, 5(4): 313-320.
- Ighwela KH, Ahmad AS and Abol – Munafi AB (2013). Water stability and nutritional Leaching of different levels of maltose-formulated fish pellets. Global Veterinaria, 10(6): 638-642.
- Jaescgke SA and Senge OA (2018). Effects of drying temperature and time on the texture of fish feeds. Aquaculture Science (20)3: 159-168.
- Jafaryan H, Sharifinia M, Shayan MR and Golamiyan M (2020). Evaluation of growth performance and water quality of Rainbow trout (Onocorhynchus mykiss) fed with different floating levels of fish feed. Aquaculture Reports, 18, 100 - 448.
- Khater EG, Bahnasawy AH and Ali SA (2014). Physical and Mechanical Properties of Fish Feed Pellet. Journal of Food Process Technology 5:378. https://doi.org/10.4172/2157–7110.10000378
- Kraugerud OF and Svihus B (2011). Effects of online pre-treatment of plant ingredients on processing responses and physical properties in extruded fish feed. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 168: 250-256.
- Kurt AR (2012). Commercial Aquaculture Feed production (Floating feeds). Department of Agriculture and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University.
- Liu X., Zhao C Shao Q, Zhou Y, Li D and Geng Y. (2020). The Effects of dietary protein levels on growth, digestion and metabolism in juvenile Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Aquaculture Nutrition, 26(2): 469 – 479.
- National Research Council (NRC) (2011). Nutrient requirements of fish and shrimps. National Academics Press.
- Obirikorang KA, Amisah S, Fialor SC and Skov PV (2015). Effects of dietary inclusions of oilseed meals on physical characteristics and feed intake of diets for the Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquaculture Reports. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2015.01.002
- Rolfe LA, Huff HE and Hseih F (2012). Effects of particle size and processing variables on the properties of an extruded catfish feed. Journal of Aquaculture. Food Production Technology, 10(3): 21-33. https://doi.org/10.1300/J030v 10n03_03
- Torres AW and Dincer I (2011). Graphical determination of drying process and moisture transfer parameters for solids drying. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 45(16): 3267-3273.
- Tyapkova O, Osen R, Wagenstaller M, Baier B, Specht F and Zacher C. (2016). Replacing fishmeal with oilseed cakes in fish feed e A study on the influence of processing parameters on the extrusion behavior and quality properties of the feed pellets. Journal of Food Engineering, 191: 28-36.
- Umar S, Kamarudin MS and Ramezani-Fard E (2013). Physical properties of extruded aqua–feed with a combination of sago and tapioca starches at different moisture contents. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 183: 51-55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2013.03.009
Year 2023,
Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 178 - 190, 31.12.2023
Abstract
References
- Aydar AY (2018). Utilization of response surface methodology in optimization of extraction of plant materials. Book Title: Statistical Approaches with Emphasis on Design of Experiments Applied Chemical Processes. Publisher: IntechOpen, Rijeka (2018) Editor: Valter Silva Chapter 10. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.73690
- Chevanan N, Muthukumarappan K, Rosentrater KA and Julson JL (2007b). Effect of die dimensions on extrusion processing parameters and properties of DDGS-based aquaculture feeds. Cereal Chemistry, 84(40): 389-398. doi: https://doi.org/10.1094/Chem-84-4-038
- De-Cruz CR, Kamarudin MS, Saad CR and Ramezani-Fard E (2015). Effects of extruder die temperature on the physical properties of extruded fish pellets containing taro and broken rice starch. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 199: 137-145.
- Duru M., Olude OO and Sanusi MA (2019). Effects of sinking and floating feed on growth performance, nutrient utilization and water quality of Heteroclaris hybrid fingerlings. Aquaculture reports 13, 100- 178.
- Emmanuel O, Chineneye A, Oluwatobi A and Peter K (2014). Review of aquaculture production and management in Nigeria. American Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 4(10): 1137-1151.
- Fagbenro OA and Jauncey K (1995). Water stability, nutrient leaching and nutritional properties of moist fermented fish silage diets. Aquaculture Engineering, 14(2): 143-151.
- Hasan MR and Halder G (2019). Alternative protein sources in aquaculture feed formulation. Aquaculture International, 27(3): 677-699.
- Heras H, Martinez G and Sereno AM (2019): Effect of drying process on the physical properties of aquafeed for shrimp. Journal of Aquaculture Engineering and Fisheries Research, 5(4): 313-320.
- Ighwela KH, Ahmad AS and Abol – Munafi AB (2013). Water stability and nutritional Leaching of different levels of maltose-formulated fish pellets. Global Veterinaria, 10(6): 638-642.
- Jaescgke SA and Senge OA (2018). Effects of drying temperature and time on the texture of fish feeds. Aquaculture Science (20)3: 159-168.
- Jafaryan H, Sharifinia M, Shayan MR and Golamiyan M (2020). Evaluation of growth performance and water quality of Rainbow trout (Onocorhynchus mykiss) fed with different floating levels of fish feed. Aquaculture Reports, 18, 100 - 448.
- Khater EG, Bahnasawy AH and Ali SA (2014). Physical and Mechanical Properties of Fish Feed Pellet. Journal of Food Process Technology 5:378. https://doi.org/10.4172/2157–7110.10000378
- Kraugerud OF and Svihus B (2011). Effects of online pre-treatment of plant ingredients on processing responses and physical properties in extruded fish feed. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 168: 250-256.
- Kurt AR (2012). Commercial Aquaculture Feed production (Floating feeds). Department of Agriculture and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University.
- Liu X., Zhao C Shao Q, Zhou Y, Li D and Geng Y. (2020). The Effects of dietary protein levels on growth, digestion and metabolism in juvenile Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Aquaculture Nutrition, 26(2): 469 – 479.
- National Research Council (NRC) (2011). Nutrient requirements of fish and shrimps. National Academics Press.
- Obirikorang KA, Amisah S, Fialor SC and Skov PV (2015). Effects of dietary inclusions of oilseed meals on physical characteristics and feed intake of diets for the Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquaculture Reports. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2015.01.002
- Rolfe LA, Huff HE and Hseih F (2012). Effects of particle size and processing variables on the properties of an extruded catfish feed. Journal of Aquaculture. Food Production Technology, 10(3): 21-33. https://doi.org/10.1300/J030v 10n03_03
- Torres AW and Dincer I (2011). Graphical determination of drying process and moisture transfer parameters for solids drying. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 45(16): 3267-3273.
- Tyapkova O, Osen R, Wagenstaller M, Baier B, Specht F and Zacher C. (2016). Replacing fishmeal with oilseed cakes in fish feed e A study on the influence of processing parameters on the extrusion behavior and quality properties of the feed pellets. Journal of Food Engineering, 191: 28-36.
- Umar S, Kamarudin MS and Ramezani-Fard E (2013). Physical properties of extruded aqua–feed with a combination of sago and tapioca starches at different moisture contents. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 183: 51-55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2013.03.009
There are 21 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Basic Food Processes |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | December 25, 2023 |
| Publication Date | December 31, 2023 |
| Submission Date | September 6, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | October 27, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 4 Issue: 2 |
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