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The Effect of Phenotypic and Genotypic Factors on Some Yield Traits in Holstein Friesian Cows with High Milk Yield Reared in Türkiye

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 14 - 21, 01.01.2024

Onur Şahin İsa Yılmaz Ali Kaygısız

https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1371170

Öz

This study was carried out to determine the effects and phenotypic relationships of some environmental factors (first calving age, calving year, and calving season) on Lactation period, dry period, milk yield and Milkability traits. The material of the study was the lactation records of 1079 Holstein cows raised in a private dairy farm. As a result of analyses, the values of 305-DMY yield (305 DMY), the lactation period (LP), dry period (DP), time to reach peak yield (Tmax), peak yield (Ymax), average daily milk yield (ADMY), total lactation milk yield (ATMY) and age at first calving (AFC) were determined as 9926.3±178.1 kg, 318.1±1.4 days, 60.05±0.9 days, 95.2±2.1 days, 42.3±0.3 kg, 32.2±0.3 kg, 10248.7±94.1, and 26.7±0.2 months, respectively. The study found the average milk flow rate (MFR) and the average milking time (MT) as 2.0±0.0 kg min-1 and 360.9±4.7 seconds, respectively. In addition, estimates of the 305-day mature equivalent milk yield (ME 305-d) and MFR were also found to be 0.41±0.24 and 0.51±0.30, respectively. As a result, this dairy farm can be recommended as an example to breeders who have just started their dairy farm in Türkiye and countries with similar environmental conditions and are looking for a model.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Calving Heritability Holstein Friesian Milkability Milk yield

Destekleyen Kurum

The use of this study data was authorized by “the Cattle Breeders’ Association of Turkey (CBAT)” on 21.08.2019 by the decision of the Board of Directors No. 2019/10.

Teşekkür

We would like to thank CBAT.

Kaynakça

  • Akkas O, Sahin E. 2008. Some production parameters of Holstein cattle. Kocatepe Vet J, 1: 25-31.
  • Aydın R, Yanar M, Güler O, Yüksel S, Uğur F, Turgut L. 2008. Study on milkability traits in Brown Swiss cows reared eastern region of Turkey. J Anim Vet Adv, 7: 1218-1222.
  • Barash H, Silanikove N, Weller JI. 1996. Effect of season of birth on milk fat, and protein production of Israeli Holsteins. J Dairy Sci, 79: 1016-1020.
  • Bayril T, Yılmaz O. 2010. Reproductive traits of Holstein cows raised in Kazova vasfi diren agriculture farm. Yuzuncu Yil Univ Vet Fac J, 21: 163-167.
  • Beavers L, Doormaal BV. 2015. Age at first calving and profitability. Canada: Canadian Dairy Network. URL: https://www.cdn.ca/document.php?id=413 (accesed date: November 01, 2022).
  • Boğokşayan H, Bakır G. 2013. Determination of lifetime yield performance of Holstein cattle raised in Şanlıurfa Ceylanpınar Farm. Ataturk Univ Agri J, 44: 75-81.
  • Bohlouli M, Alijani S, Varposhti MR. 2015. Genetic relationships among linear type traits and milk production traits of Holstein dairy cattle. Anim Sci J, 15: 903-917. https://doi.org/10.1515/aoas-2015-0053.
  • Boldman KG, Kriese LA, Van Vleck LD, Van Tassell, CP, Kachman SD. 1993. A Manual for Use of MTDFREML. A set of programs to obtain estimates of variances and covariances [DRAFT]. USA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313056118_A_Manual_for_use_of_MDFREML_A_set_of_programs_to_obtain_estimates_of_variances_and_covariances_Draft (accesed date: November 10, 2022).
  • Bruckmaier RM, Rothenanger E, Blum JW. 1995. Milking characteristics in dairy cows of different breeds from different farms and during the course of lactation. J Anim Breed Genet, 12: 293–302. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.14390388.1995.tb00569.x.
  • Çilek S, Tekin ME. 2005. Environmental factors affecting milk yield and fertility traits of Simmental cows raised at the Kazova State Farm and phenotypic correlations between these Traits. Türk J Vet Anim Sci, 29: 987-993.
  • Çobanoğlu O, Kul E. 2019. The influence of calving year on milk yield and milk components in dairy cattle. J Res Vet Med, 38(1): 29-34. https://doi.org/10.30782/uluvfd.434395.
  • Collier RJ, Annen-Dawson EL, Pezeshki A. 2012. Effects of continuous lactation and short dry periods on mammary function and animal health. Animal, 6(3): 403-414. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731111002461.
  • Coulon JB, Pe´rochon L. 2000. Evolution de la production laitie`re au cours de la lactation: mode` le de pre´diction chez la vache laitie`re. INRA Prod Animales, 13(5): 349-360.
  • Dahl GE, Petitclerc D. 2003. Management of photoperiod in the dairy herd for improved production and health. J Anim Sci, 81(3): 11-17. https://doi.org/10.2527/2003.81suppl_311x.
  • Duda J. 1995. Associations between Milkability and susceptibility to mastitis. Zuchtungskunde, 67: 467-476.
  • Duru S, Tuncel E. 2004. The correlations between dry period, service period and age at first calving with some milk yield traits in Holstein Friesian cattle. Uludag Univ Agri Fac J, 18: 69-79.
  • Erdem H, Okuyucu, IC. 2020. Non-genetic factors affecting some colostrum quality traits in Holstein cattle. Pakistan J Zool, 52: 554-557. https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20190219100236.
  • Ettema JF, Santos JEP. 2004. Impact of age at calving on lactation, reproduction, health, and income in first-parity Holsteins on commercial farms. J Dairy Sci, 87: 2730-2742. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73400-1.
  • Gäde S, Stamer E, Junge W., Kalm E. 2006. Estimates of genetic parameters for milkability from automatic milking, Livestock Sci, 104(1–2): 135-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2006.04.003.
  • Genç S, Soysal Mİ. 2018. Milk yield and reproductive traits of Holstein cattle population in Turkey. Tekirdag Agri Fac J, 15: 76-85.
  • Gray KA, Vacirca F, Bagnato A, Samore AB, Rossoni A, Maltecca C. 2011. Genetic evaluations for measures of the milk flow curve in the Italian Brown Swiss population. J Dairy Sci, 94: 960-970. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2009-2759.
  • Grummer RR, Rastani RR. 2004. Why reevaluate dry period length? J Dairy Sci, 87: 77-85. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)70063-6.
  • Güler O, Yanar M, Aydin R, Bayram B, Dogru U, Kopuzlu S. 2009. Genetic and environmental parameters of Milkability traits in Holstein Friesian cows. J Anim Vet Adv, 8(1): 143-147.
  • Güngör S, Zulkadir U. 2020. The parameter estimations of some yield properties of Holstein cattle II: milk yield characteristics. Bahri Dagdas Anim Res J, 8: 89-95.
  • Heinrichs AJ, Heinrichs BS. 2011. A prospective study of calf factors affecting first-lactation and lifetime milk production and age of cows when removed from the herd. J Dairy Sci, 94(1): 336-341. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-3170.
  • Hossein-Zadeh NG, Mohit A. 2013. Effect of dry period length on the subsequent production and reproduction in Holstein cows. Spanish J Agri Res, 1: 100-108.
  • Hossein-Zadeh NG. 2012. Estimation of genetic parameters and trends for energy-corrected 305-d milk yield in Iranian Holsteins. Arch Anim Breed, 55(5): 420-426. https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-55 420-2012.
  • Hutchison JL, VanRaden P, Null D, Cole J, Bickhart D. 2017. Genomic evaluation of age at first calving. J Dairy Sci, 100: 6853-6861. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2016-12060.
  • Ilahi H, Kadarmideen HN. 2004. Bayesian segregation analysis of milk flow in Brown-Swiss dairy cattle using Gibbs sampling. Genet Selec Evol, 36: 563-576. https://doi.org/10.1186/1297-9686-36-5-563.
  • Karaağaç M, Genç S. 2019. Determination of milk yield traits for Holstein cattle raised in Kırşehir. J Tekirdag Agri Fac, 16(3): 412-422. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.590659.
  • Karakaş E. 2002. The birth weight, weaning age, milk consumption and the survival rate of Holstein calves raised in the dairy farms located in Bursa-Yenisehir District. Uludag Univ Vet Fac J, 21: 77-81.
  • Kaygısız A, Yılmaz I, Kosum S. 2017. Some adaptation traits of Holstein cattle raised under breeders conditions in Sanlıurfa Province. Agri Nat J, 20: 133-136.
  • Kıyıcı JM, Köknur Ö, Kaliber M. 2020. Dry period in cattle: I. influence on milk yield and reproductive performance. J Agri Sci, 26: 324-330. https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.512466.
  • Koçak S, Yuceer B, Ugurlu M, Ozbeyaz C. 2007. Some production traits of Holstein cows reared in Bala State Farm. Lalahan Livestock Res Ins J, 47 (1): 9-14.
  • M’hamdi N, Bouallegue M, Frouja S, Ressaissi Y, Brar SK, Hamouda MB. 2012. Effects of environmental factors on milk yield, lactation length and dry period in Tunisian Holstein cows. Milk Production: An up-todate overview of animal nutrition, management, and health. Intech Open Limited, London, UK, pp: 153-164. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/50803.
  • Meyer K, Burnside EB. 1987. Scope for a subjective assessment of milking speed. J Dairy Sci, 70(5): 1061-1068. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(87)80112-1.
  • Missanjo E, Venancio Imbayarwo-Chikosi VI Halimani T. 2013. Estimation of genetic and phenotypic parameters for production traits and somatic cell count for Jersey dairy cattle in Zimbabwe. ISRN Vet Sci, 1: 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/470585.
  • Mohd Nor N, Steeneveld W, Van Werven T, Mourits MCM, Hogeveen H. 2013. First-calving age and first-lactation milk production on Dutch dairy farms. J Dairy Sci, 96: 981-992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2012-5741.
  • Naumann I, Fahr RD, Lengerken G. 1998. Relationship between somatic cell count of milk and special parameters of milk flow curves of cows. Archiv fuer Tierzucht, 41: 237-250.
  • Nilforooshan MA, Edriss MA. 2004. Effect of age at first calving on some productive and longevity traits in Iranian Holsteins of the Isfahan province. J Dairy Sci, 87(7): 2130–2135. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)70032-6.
  • Orhan H, Efe E, Sahin M. 2004. Statistical analyses with SAS software. First edition. Tugra Ofset, Isparta, Türkiye.
  • Rahbar R, Abdullahpour R, Sadeghi-Sefidmazgi A. 2016. Effect of calf birth weight on milk production of Holstein dairy cattle in desert climate. JABB, 4(3): 65-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14269/2318-1265/jabb.v4n3p65-70.
  • Rasmussen MD. 1993. Influence of switch level of automatic cluster removers on milking performance and udder health. J Dairy Res, 60(3): 287-297.
  • Sahin A, Ulutas Z. 2011. Some environmental factors affecting the milk yield and reproductive traits of Holstein cattle raised at Tahirova state farm. Anadolu J Agri Sci, 26: 156-168.
  • Sahin A, Ulutas Z. 2012. Fertility and milk yield traits of Holstein cattle raised in Polatlı State Farm. Anadolu J Agri Sci, 25: 202-212.
  • Sarar A, Tapki N. 2017. Estimation of genotypic and phenotypic parameters of reproductive traits in Turkish Holstein cows. Turkish J Agri Food Sci Technol, 5: 1476. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v5i12.1476-1481.1435.
  • Shamay A, Werner D, Moallem U, Barash H, Bruckental I. 2005. Effect of nursing management and skeletal size at weaning on puberty, skeletal growth rate, and milk production during first lactation of dairy heifers. J Dairy Sci, 88: 1460-1469. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72814-9.
  • Stevenson B, Rodrigues JA, Braga FA, Bitente S, Dalton JC, Santosand JEP, Chebel RC. 2008. Effect of breeding protocols and reproductive tract score on reproductive performance of dairy heifers and economic outcome of breeding programs. J Dairy Sci, 91: 3424-3438. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0804.
  • Tiezzi F, Pretto D, De Marchi M, Penasa M. Cassandro M. 2013. Heritability and repeatability of milk coagulation properties predicted by mid-infrared spectroscopy during routine data recording, and their relationships with milk yield and quality traits. Animal, 7: 1592-1599. https://doi.org/10.1017/S175173111300119500000000.
  • Toghiani S. 2012. Genetic relationships between production traits and reproductive performance in Holstein dairy cows. Arch Anim Breed, 55: 458-468. https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-55-458-2012.
  • Tshilate TS, Bhebhe E, Dube B, Rhode C, Mapholi NO, Matika O, Banga CB. 2020. Genetic parameter estimates for Milkability traits and their relationship with somatic cell score in South African Holstein cattle. Tropical Anim Health Prod, 53: 18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-020-02483-4.
  • URL. 2016. Breeds of livestock, Holstein cattle. Department of Animal Science Oklahoma State University. USA. URL: http://afs.okstate.edu/breeds/cattle/holstein (accessed date: November 11, 2022).
  • Wethal KB, Heringstad B. 2019. Genetic analyses of novel temperament and Milkability traits in Norwegian Red cattle based on data from automatic milking systems. J Dair Sci, 102: 8221-8233. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2019-16625.
  • Yildirim F, Ozdemir S, Yildiz A. 2018. Some milk yield traits and related gene expressions of Holstein cattle raised in Kocas Agricultural Enterprise. Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Agr Nat J, 21: 353-362. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksudobil.333580.
  • Yılmaz I, Kaygısız A. 2000. Lactation curve traits of Holstein cattle’s. Tarım Bil Derg, 6(4): 1-10.
  • Yüksel S. 2019. The effect of some environmental factors on lactation curve traits in Zavot cows. J Insti Sci Tec, 9: 1808-1817. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.526753.
  • Zavadilová L, Zink V. 2013. Genetic relationship of functional longevity with female fertility and milk production traits in Czech Holsteins. Czech J Anim Sci, 58 (12): 554-565. https://doi.org/10.17221/7090-CJAS.

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 14 - 21, 01.01.2024

Onur Şahin İsa Yılmaz Ali Kaygısız

https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1371170

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Akkas O, Sahin E. 2008. Some production parameters of Holstein cattle. Kocatepe Vet J, 1: 25-31.
  • Aydın R, Yanar M, Güler O, Yüksel S, Uğur F, Turgut L. 2008. Study on milkability traits in Brown Swiss cows reared eastern region of Turkey. J Anim Vet Adv, 7: 1218-1222.
  • Barash H, Silanikove N, Weller JI. 1996. Effect of season of birth on milk fat, and protein production of Israeli Holsteins. J Dairy Sci, 79: 1016-1020.
  • Bayril T, Yılmaz O. 2010. Reproductive traits of Holstein cows raised in Kazova vasfi diren agriculture farm. Yuzuncu Yil Univ Vet Fac J, 21: 163-167.
  • Beavers L, Doormaal BV. 2015. Age at first calving and profitability. Canada: Canadian Dairy Network. URL: https://www.cdn.ca/document.php?id=413 (accesed date: November 01, 2022).
  • Boğokşayan H, Bakır G. 2013. Determination of lifetime yield performance of Holstein cattle raised in Şanlıurfa Ceylanpınar Farm. Ataturk Univ Agri J, 44: 75-81.
  • Bohlouli M, Alijani S, Varposhti MR. 2015. Genetic relationships among linear type traits and milk production traits of Holstein dairy cattle. Anim Sci J, 15: 903-917. https://doi.org/10.1515/aoas-2015-0053.
  • Boldman KG, Kriese LA, Van Vleck LD, Van Tassell, CP, Kachman SD. 1993. A Manual for Use of MTDFREML. A set of programs to obtain estimates of variances and covariances [DRAFT]. USA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313056118_A_Manual_for_use_of_MDFREML_A_set_of_programs_to_obtain_estimates_of_variances_and_covariances_Draft (accesed date: November 10, 2022).
  • Bruckmaier RM, Rothenanger E, Blum JW. 1995. Milking characteristics in dairy cows of different breeds from different farms and during the course of lactation. J Anim Breed Genet, 12: 293–302. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.14390388.1995.tb00569.x.
  • Çilek S, Tekin ME. 2005. Environmental factors affecting milk yield and fertility traits of Simmental cows raised at the Kazova State Farm and phenotypic correlations between these Traits. Türk J Vet Anim Sci, 29: 987-993.
  • Çobanoğlu O, Kul E. 2019. The influence of calving year on milk yield and milk components in dairy cattle. J Res Vet Med, 38(1): 29-34. https://doi.org/10.30782/uluvfd.434395.
  • Collier RJ, Annen-Dawson EL, Pezeshki A. 2012. Effects of continuous lactation and short dry periods on mammary function and animal health. Animal, 6(3): 403-414. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731111002461.
  • Coulon JB, Pe´rochon L. 2000. Evolution de la production laitie`re au cours de la lactation: mode` le de pre´diction chez la vache laitie`re. INRA Prod Animales, 13(5): 349-360.
  • Dahl GE, Petitclerc D. 2003. Management of photoperiod in the dairy herd for improved production and health. J Anim Sci, 81(3): 11-17. https://doi.org/10.2527/2003.81suppl_311x.
  • Duda J. 1995. Associations between Milkability and susceptibility to mastitis. Zuchtungskunde, 67: 467-476.
  • Duru S, Tuncel E. 2004. The correlations between dry period, service period and age at first calving with some milk yield traits in Holstein Friesian cattle. Uludag Univ Agri Fac J, 18: 69-79.
  • Erdem H, Okuyucu, IC. 2020. Non-genetic factors affecting some colostrum quality traits in Holstein cattle. Pakistan J Zool, 52: 554-557. https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20190219100236.
  • Ettema JF, Santos JEP. 2004. Impact of age at calving on lactation, reproduction, health, and income in first-parity Holsteins on commercial farms. J Dairy Sci, 87: 2730-2742. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73400-1.
  • Gäde S, Stamer E, Junge W., Kalm E. 2006. Estimates of genetic parameters for milkability from automatic milking, Livestock Sci, 104(1–2): 135-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2006.04.003.
  • Genç S, Soysal Mİ. 2018. Milk yield and reproductive traits of Holstein cattle population in Turkey. Tekirdag Agri Fac J, 15: 76-85.
  • Gray KA, Vacirca F, Bagnato A, Samore AB, Rossoni A, Maltecca C. 2011. Genetic evaluations for measures of the milk flow curve in the Italian Brown Swiss population. J Dairy Sci, 94: 960-970. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2009-2759.
  • Grummer RR, Rastani RR. 2004. Why reevaluate dry period length? J Dairy Sci, 87: 77-85. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)70063-6.
  • Güler O, Yanar M, Aydin R, Bayram B, Dogru U, Kopuzlu S. 2009. Genetic and environmental parameters of Milkability traits in Holstein Friesian cows. J Anim Vet Adv, 8(1): 143-147.
  • Güngör S, Zulkadir U. 2020. The parameter estimations of some yield properties of Holstein cattle II: milk yield characteristics. Bahri Dagdas Anim Res J, 8: 89-95.
  • Heinrichs AJ, Heinrichs BS. 2011. A prospective study of calf factors affecting first-lactation and lifetime milk production and age of cows when removed from the herd. J Dairy Sci, 94(1): 336-341. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-3170.
  • Hossein-Zadeh NG, Mohit A. 2013. Effect of dry period length on the subsequent production and reproduction in Holstein cows. Spanish J Agri Res, 1: 100-108.
  • Hossein-Zadeh NG. 2012. Estimation of genetic parameters and trends for energy-corrected 305-d milk yield in Iranian Holsteins. Arch Anim Breed, 55(5): 420-426. https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-55 420-2012.
  • Hutchison JL, VanRaden P, Null D, Cole J, Bickhart D. 2017. Genomic evaluation of age at first calving. J Dairy Sci, 100: 6853-6861. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2016-12060.
  • Ilahi H, Kadarmideen HN. 2004. Bayesian segregation analysis of milk flow in Brown-Swiss dairy cattle using Gibbs sampling. Genet Selec Evol, 36: 563-576. https://doi.org/10.1186/1297-9686-36-5-563.
  • Karaağaç M, Genç S. 2019. Determination of milk yield traits for Holstein cattle raised in Kırşehir. J Tekirdag Agri Fac, 16(3): 412-422. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.590659.
  • Karakaş E. 2002. The birth weight, weaning age, milk consumption and the survival rate of Holstein calves raised in the dairy farms located in Bursa-Yenisehir District. Uludag Univ Vet Fac J, 21: 77-81.
  • Kaygısız A, Yılmaz I, Kosum S. 2017. Some adaptation traits of Holstein cattle raised under breeders conditions in Sanlıurfa Province. Agri Nat J, 20: 133-136.
  • Kıyıcı JM, Köknur Ö, Kaliber M. 2020. Dry period in cattle: I. influence on milk yield and reproductive performance. J Agri Sci, 26: 324-330. https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.512466.
  • Koçak S, Yuceer B, Ugurlu M, Ozbeyaz C. 2007. Some production traits of Holstein cows reared in Bala State Farm. Lalahan Livestock Res Ins J, 47 (1): 9-14.
  • M’hamdi N, Bouallegue M, Frouja S, Ressaissi Y, Brar SK, Hamouda MB. 2012. Effects of environmental factors on milk yield, lactation length and dry period in Tunisian Holstein cows. Milk Production: An up-todate overview of animal nutrition, management, and health. Intech Open Limited, London, UK, pp: 153-164. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/50803.
  • Meyer K, Burnside EB. 1987. Scope for a subjective assessment of milking speed. J Dairy Sci, 70(5): 1061-1068. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(87)80112-1.
  • Missanjo E, Venancio Imbayarwo-Chikosi VI Halimani T. 2013. Estimation of genetic and phenotypic parameters for production traits and somatic cell count for Jersey dairy cattle in Zimbabwe. ISRN Vet Sci, 1: 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/470585.
  • Mohd Nor N, Steeneveld W, Van Werven T, Mourits MCM, Hogeveen H. 2013. First-calving age and first-lactation milk production on Dutch dairy farms. J Dairy Sci, 96: 981-992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2012-5741.
  • Naumann I, Fahr RD, Lengerken G. 1998. Relationship between somatic cell count of milk and special parameters of milk flow curves of cows. Archiv fuer Tierzucht, 41: 237-250.
  • Nilforooshan MA, Edriss MA. 2004. Effect of age at first calving on some productive and longevity traits in Iranian Holsteins of the Isfahan province. J Dairy Sci, 87(7): 2130–2135. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)70032-6.
  • Orhan H, Efe E, Sahin M. 2004. Statistical analyses with SAS software. First edition. Tugra Ofset, Isparta, Türkiye.
  • Rahbar R, Abdullahpour R, Sadeghi-Sefidmazgi A. 2016. Effect of calf birth weight on milk production of Holstein dairy cattle in desert climate. JABB, 4(3): 65-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14269/2318-1265/jabb.v4n3p65-70.
  • Rasmussen MD. 1993. Influence of switch level of automatic cluster removers on milking performance and udder health. J Dairy Res, 60(3): 287-297.
  • Sahin A, Ulutas Z. 2011. Some environmental factors affecting the milk yield and reproductive traits of Holstein cattle raised at Tahirova state farm. Anadolu J Agri Sci, 26: 156-168.
  • Sahin A, Ulutas Z. 2012. Fertility and milk yield traits of Holstein cattle raised in Polatlı State Farm. Anadolu J Agri Sci, 25: 202-212.
  • Sarar A, Tapki N. 2017. Estimation of genotypic and phenotypic parameters of reproductive traits in Turkish Holstein cows. Turkish J Agri Food Sci Technol, 5: 1476. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v5i12.1476-1481.1435.
  • Shamay A, Werner D, Moallem U, Barash H, Bruckental I. 2005. Effect of nursing management and skeletal size at weaning on puberty, skeletal growth rate, and milk production during first lactation of dairy heifers. J Dairy Sci, 88: 1460-1469. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72814-9.
  • Stevenson B, Rodrigues JA, Braga FA, Bitente S, Dalton JC, Santosand JEP, Chebel RC. 2008. Effect of breeding protocols and reproductive tract score on reproductive performance of dairy heifers and economic outcome of breeding programs. J Dairy Sci, 91: 3424-3438. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0804.
  • Tiezzi F, Pretto D, De Marchi M, Penasa M. Cassandro M. 2013. Heritability and repeatability of milk coagulation properties predicted by mid-infrared spectroscopy during routine data recording, and their relationships with milk yield and quality traits. Animal, 7: 1592-1599. https://doi.org/10.1017/S175173111300119500000000.
  • Toghiani S. 2012. Genetic relationships between production traits and reproductive performance in Holstein dairy cows. Arch Anim Breed, 55: 458-468. https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-55-458-2012.
  • Tshilate TS, Bhebhe E, Dube B, Rhode C, Mapholi NO, Matika O, Banga CB. 2020. Genetic parameter estimates for Milkability traits and their relationship with somatic cell score in South African Holstein cattle. Tropical Anim Health Prod, 53: 18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-020-02483-4.
  • URL. 2016. Breeds of livestock, Holstein cattle. Department of Animal Science Oklahoma State University. USA. URL: http://afs.okstate.edu/breeds/cattle/holstein (accessed date: November 11, 2022).
  • Wethal KB, Heringstad B. 2019. Genetic analyses of novel temperament and Milkability traits in Norwegian Red cattle based on data from automatic milking systems. J Dair Sci, 102: 8221-8233. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2019-16625.
  • Yildirim F, Ozdemir S, Yildiz A. 2018. Some milk yield traits and related gene expressions of Holstein cattle raised in Kocas Agricultural Enterprise. Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Agr Nat J, 21: 353-362. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksudobil.333580.
  • Yılmaz I, Kaygısız A. 2000. Lactation curve traits of Holstein cattle’s. Tarım Bil Derg, 6(4): 1-10.
  • Yüksel S. 2019. The effect of some environmental factors on lactation curve traits in Zavot cows. J Insti Sci Tec, 9: 1808-1817. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.526753.
  • Zavadilová L, Zink V. 2013. Genetic relationship of functional longevity with female fertility and milk production traits in Czech Holsteins. Czech J Anim Sci, 58 (12): 554-565. https://doi.org/10.17221/7090-CJAS.
Toplam 57 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Hayvansal Üretim (Diğer)
Bölüm Research Articles
Yazarlar

Onur Şahin 0000-0002-3801-3881

İsa Yılmaz 0000-0001-6796-577X

Ali Kaygısız 0000-0002-5302-2735

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 11 Aralık 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ocak 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Ekim 2023
Kabul Tarihi 23 Kasım 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Şahin, O., Yılmaz, İ., & Kaygısız, A. (2024). The Effect of Phenotypic and Genotypic Factors on Some Yield Traits in Holstein Friesian Cows with High Milk Yield Reared in Türkiye. Black Sea Journal of Agriculture, 7(1), 14-21. https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1371170
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