Araştırma Makalesi
Yıl 2019,
Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 12 - 18, 26.06.2019
Öz
Dünyada muz tropik ve subtropik bölgelerde yetiştiriciliği yapılmaktadır. Ülkemizde Akdeniz Bölgesi sahil şeridinde üretimi yapılmaktadır. Dünya muz üretim alanlarında ekonomik açıdan önemli bitki paraziti nematodlar kök ur nematodu (Meloidogynespp.), Spiral nematodu (Helicotylenchusspp.) Oyucu nematodu (Radopholussimilis) ve lezyon (Pratylenchusspp.) nematodu olarak bilinmektedir. Ülkemizde spiral ve kök ur nematodu yaygın olduğu bilinmektedir. Nematodlar muz bitkisinin kök ve dokularına saldırarak bitkinin kök fonksiyonlarını bozmak suretiyle su ve besin alımını engellemektedirler. Dolayısıyla, bitkide bodurluk, gövdede incelme, yapraklarda sarılık, yaprak sayısı ve büyüklüğünde azalma, geç çiçeklenme, ürün döngüsünde uzama, hevenk ağırlığında azalma, meyve iriliği ve ağırlığının düşmesine neden olmaktadırlar. Dolaylı olaraktafunguslara giriş kapısı açarak birlikte bitkilere daha fazla zarar vermektedirler. Muz köklerinde Fusariumspp ve nematod zararı birlikte görülmektedir. Mikoriza bitki köklerinde nematodpopülasyonunu ve hastalık şiddetini azaltmaktadır. Mikoriza bitkinin daha fazla besin alımını sağlayarak bitkiyi toprak patojenlerine karşı dayanıklı kılmaktadır. Mikoriza bitkinin kök hacmini artırmaktadır. Bundan dolayı besin alımı arttığı için gövde çapı, bitki boyu, yaprak sayısı, yaprak hacmi, verim ve kalite artmaktadır. Bundan dolayı üreticilere muz fidanlarını dikim öncesi mikorizalı solüsyona daldırılıp daha sonra dikim yapmaları önerilmektedir.
Kaynakça
- Alabouvette, C. veSteinberg, C. (2006). Thesoil as a reservoirforantagonisttoplantdisease. In: Eilenberg J, Hokkanen HMT (eds) Progress in biologicalcontrol. An ecologicalandsocietalapproachtobiologicalcontrol. SpringerNetherlands, 2: 123-144. Araya, M.Vargas, A. veCheves, A. (1999). Nematodedistribution in roots of banana (Musa AAA cv. Valery) in relationtoplantheight, distancefromthepseudostemandsoildepth. Nematology, 1:711-716. Athman, SY.Dubois, T.Coyne, D. Gold, C.Labuschagne, N. veViljoen, A. (2006). Effect of endophyticFusariumsimilistotissueculture banana plants. J. Nematol., 38: 455-460. Berta, G.Fusconi,A. veTrotta,T. (1993). VA mycorrhizalinfectionandthemorphologyandfunction of rootsystems. EnvironmentalandExperimentalBotany33:159-173. Bonfante, P.veGenre, A. (2010). Mechanismsunderlyingbeneficialplantfungusinteractions in mycorrhizalsymbiosis. Nature Commun. 1:48. doi: 10.1038/ncomms1046 Borges, A. J. Trindade, D. S.Matos, A. V.vePeixoto, M. D. F. D. S. (2007). Reduction of Fusariumwilt of “banana-Maçã” byinoculation of arbuscularmycorrhizalfungi. Pesq. Agropec. Bras. 42, 35–41. doi: 10.1590/S0100-204X2007000100005 Brooks, F. E. (2004). Plant-ParasiticNematodes of Banana in American Samoa. Nematropica, 34: 65-72 (2004) Castillo, P.Nico, AI.Azcon-Aguilar, C.Rincon, CD.Calvet, C.ve JimenezDiaz, RM. (2006). Protection of oliveplantingstocksagainstparasitism of root-knotnematodesbyarbuscularmycorrhizalfungi. PlantPathol., 55: 705-713. Chavez, C. ve Araya, M. (2010). Spatial-temporaldistribution of plant-parasiticnematodes in banana (Musa AAA) plantations in Ecuador. Journal of AppliedBiosciences 33: 2057 – 2069 Declerck, S.Risede, JM.Rufyikiri, G.ve Delvaux, B. (2002). Effects of arbuscularmycorrhizalfungi on severity of root rot of bananascausedbyCylindrocladiumspathiphylli. PlantPathol., 51: 109-115. Drüge U. veSchönbeck. F. (1992). Effect of vesicular-arbuscularmycorrhizalinfection on transpiration, photosynthesisandgrowth of flax (Linumusitatissimum L.) in relationtocytokininlevels. Journal of PlantPhysiology141:40-48. Elekcioğlu, İ. H.Yoraz, G. ve Kasapoğlu E. B. (2014). "Mersin ili Bozyazı ilçesinde muz seralarında spiral nematodlar (Helicotylenchusdihystera ve H. multicinctus) Ile Kök-Ur nematodu türlerinin (Meloidogyneincognita ve M. javanica) populasyon değişiminin araştırılması.", Türkiye V. Bitki Koruma Kongresi, Antalya, Türkiye, 3- 5 Şubat 2014, ss.6-6 Elekçioğlu, İ. H. ve Uygun, N. (1994). Occurrenceanddistribution of plantparasiticnematodes in cashcrop in EasternMediterreneanRegion of Türkiye. Proc. of 9th Congres of TheMediterraneanPhytopathologicalUnion, Kuşadası Aydın, Türkiye, 409-410. Elsen, A.Gervacio, D.Swennen, R.ve De Waele, D. (2008). AMF-inducedbiocontrolagainstplantparasiticnematodes in Musa sp.: a systemiceffect. Mycorrhiza, 18: 251-256. Fogain, R. veGowen, S. R. (1997). Damagetoroots of Musa cultivarsbyRadopholussimiliswithandwithoutprotection of nematicides. Nematropica, 27:27-32. Glinski, J. veLipiec,J. (1990). Soilphysicalconditionsandplantroots. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL Gregory, OJ.Ingram, JSI.veBrklacich, M. (2005). Climatechangesandfoodsecurity. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B., 360(1463): 2139-2148. Hooker, J.E. veAtkinson,U. (1992). Application of computer-aidedimageanalysistostudies of arbuscularendomycorrhizalfungieffects on plantrootsystemmorphologyanddynamics. Agronomie, Paris 12:821-824. Jaizme-Vega M.C. (2001). Individualpartnerannualreports ICIA-IRTA. inFourthAnnual Report November 2000- October 2001. Project INCO. No. ERB IC18 CT 97-0208. 111pp Jaizme-Vega, MC.ve Rodriguez-Romero, AS. (2004). Uso de micorrizas en banano: Logros y perspectivas. XVI ReuniónInternacional ACORBAT. Oaxaca, México. PublicaciónEspecial, pp. 143-160. Jaizme-Vega, MC.Tenoury, P.Pinochet, J. veJaumot, M. (1997). Interactionsbetweentheroot-knotnematodeMeloidogyneincognitaandGlomusmosseae in banana. PlantSoil, 196: 27-35. Jaizme-Vega, M. C. Sosa Hernández, B.veHernándezHernández, J. M. (1998). Interaction of arbuscularmycorrhizalfungiandthesoilpathogenFusariumoxysporum f. sp. cubense on thefirststages of micropropagatedGrandeNaine banana. ActaHortic. 490, 285–295. doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.1998. 490.28 Jorgenson, A. veKuykendall, KA. (2008). Globalization, foreigninvestmentdependenceandagricultureproduction: pesticideandfertilizeruse in less-developedcountries, 1990-2000. Soc. Forces, 87: 529-560. Lenoir, I. Fontaine, J.veLounès-HadjSahraoui, A. (2016). Arbuscularmycorrhizalfungalresponsestoabioticstresses: a review. Phytochemistry 123, 4–15. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.01.002 Lin, S. Wang, C.ve Su, C. (2012). Using arbuscularmycorrhizalfungusandothermicroorganismsforcontrol of Fusariumwilt of banana. J. TaiwanAgric. Res. 61, 241–249. Mohandas, S. Manjula, R. Rawal, R. D. Lakshmikantha, H. C. Saikat, C.veRamachandra, Y. L. (2010). Evaluation of arbuscularmycorrhizaandotherbiocontrolagents in managingFusariumoxysporum f. sp. cubenseinfection in banana cv. Neypoovan. BiocontrolSci. Technol. 20, 165–181. doi: 10.1080/09583150903438439 Parniske, M. (2008). Arbuscularmycorrhiza: themother of plantrootendosymbioses. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 6, 763–775. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro1987 Sampaio, D. B. Mendes Filho, P. F. Mascena, A. M. Gomes, V. F. F.veGuimarães, F. V. A. (2012). Colonisation of arbuscularmycorrhizaandtoleranceto Panama disease in seedlings of themaçã banana. Rev. Ciênc. Agron. 43, 462–469. doi: 10.1590/S1806-66902012000300007 Sarah J.L. (2001). Individualpartnerannualreports CIRAD. inFourthAnnual Report November 2000-October 2001. Project INCO. No. ERB IC18 CT 97-0208. 111pp. Speijer, PR. Gold, CS.Kajumba, C. veKaramura, EB. (1995). Nematodeinfestation of ‘clean’ banana plantingmaterials in farmer’sfields in Uganda. Nematologica, 41: 344. Smith. S. E ve Read, D. J., 1997. MycorrhizalSymbiosis. AcademicPress, London, Talwana, HAL.Speijer, PR. Gold, CS.Swennen, RL. ve De Waele, D. (2003). A comparison of theeffects of thenematodesRadopholussimilisandPratylenchusgoodeyi on growth, roothealthandyield of an East Africanhighlandcooking banana (Musa AAA-group). Int. J. PestManage., 49: 199-204. Vaast, P.Caswell-Chen, EP. veZasoski, RJ. (1998). Influences of a rootlesionnematode, Pratylenchuscoffeae, andtwoarbuscularmycorrhizalfungi, AcaulosporamelleaandGlomusclarum in coffee (Coffeaarabica L.). Biol. Fert. Soils, 26: 130-135. Van der Veken, L. Win, PP. Elsen, A.Swennen, R. De Waele, D. (2008). Susceptibility of banana intercropsforrhizobacteria, arbuscularmycorrhizalfungiandtheburrowingnematodeRadopholussimilis. Appl. SoilEcol., 40: 283-290. Whitehead, A. G. (1998). Semi-endoparasiticnematodes of roots (Helicotylenchus, RotylenchulusandTylenchulus). Pp. 90-137 in PlantNematode Control. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.
Yıl 2019,
Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 12 - 18, 26.06.2019
Öz
Kaynakça
- Alabouvette, C. veSteinberg, C. (2006). Thesoil as a reservoirforantagonisttoplantdisease. In: Eilenberg J, Hokkanen HMT (eds) Progress in biologicalcontrol. An ecologicalandsocietalapproachtobiologicalcontrol. SpringerNetherlands, 2: 123-144. Araya, M.Vargas, A. veCheves, A. (1999). Nematodedistribution in roots of banana (Musa AAA cv. Valery) in relationtoplantheight, distancefromthepseudostemandsoildepth. Nematology, 1:711-716. Athman, SY.Dubois, T.Coyne, D. Gold, C.Labuschagne, N. veViljoen, A. (2006). Effect of endophyticFusariumsimilistotissueculture banana plants. J. Nematol., 38: 455-460. Berta, G.Fusconi,A. veTrotta,T. (1993). VA mycorrhizalinfectionandthemorphologyandfunction of rootsystems. EnvironmentalandExperimentalBotany33:159-173. Bonfante, P.veGenre, A. (2010). Mechanismsunderlyingbeneficialplantfungusinteractions in mycorrhizalsymbiosis. Nature Commun. 1:48. doi: 10.1038/ncomms1046 Borges, A. J. Trindade, D. S.Matos, A. V.vePeixoto, M. D. F. D. S. (2007). Reduction of Fusariumwilt of “banana-Maçã” byinoculation of arbuscularmycorrhizalfungi. Pesq. Agropec. Bras. 42, 35–41. doi: 10.1590/S0100-204X2007000100005 Brooks, F. E. (2004). Plant-ParasiticNematodes of Banana in American Samoa. Nematropica, 34: 65-72 (2004) Castillo, P.Nico, AI.Azcon-Aguilar, C.Rincon, CD.Calvet, C.ve JimenezDiaz, RM. (2006). Protection of oliveplantingstocksagainstparasitism of root-knotnematodesbyarbuscularmycorrhizalfungi. PlantPathol., 55: 705-713. Chavez, C. ve Araya, M. (2010). Spatial-temporaldistribution of plant-parasiticnematodes in banana (Musa AAA) plantations in Ecuador. Journal of AppliedBiosciences 33: 2057 – 2069 Declerck, S.Risede, JM.Rufyikiri, G.ve Delvaux, B. (2002). Effects of arbuscularmycorrhizalfungi on severity of root rot of bananascausedbyCylindrocladiumspathiphylli. PlantPathol., 51: 109-115. Drüge U. veSchönbeck. F. (1992). Effect of vesicular-arbuscularmycorrhizalinfection on transpiration, photosynthesisandgrowth of flax (Linumusitatissimum L.) in relationtocytokininlevels. Journal of PlantPhysiology141:40-48. Elekcioğlu, İ. H.Yoraz, G. ve Kasapoğlu E. B. (2014). "Mersin ili Bozyazı ilçesinde muz seralarında spiral nematodlar (Helicotylenchusdihystera ve H. multicinctus) Ile Kök-Ur nematodu türlerinin (Meloidogyneincognita ve M. javanica) populasyon değişiminin araştırılması.", Türkiye V. Bitki Koruma Kongresi, Antalya, Türkiye, 3- 5 Şubat 2014, ss.6-6 Elekçioğlu, İ. H. ve Uygun, N. (1994). Occurrenceanddistribution of plantparasiticnematodes in cashcrop in EasternMediterreneanRegion of Türkiye. Proc. of 9th Congres of TheMediterraneanPhytopathologicalUnion, Kuşadası Aydın, Türkiye, 409-410. Elsen, A.Gervacio, D.Swennen, R.ve De Waele, D. (2008). AMF-inducedbiocontrolagainstplantparasiticnematodes in Musa sp.: a systemiceffect. Mycorrhiza, 18: 251-256. Fogain, R. veGowen, S. R. (1997). Damagetoroots of Musa cultivarsbyRadopholussimiliswithandwithoutprotection of nematicides. Nematropica, 27:27-32. Glinski, J. veLipiec,J. (1990). Soilphysicalconditionsandplantroots. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL Gregory, OJ.Ingram, JSI.veBrklacich, M. (2005). Climatechangesandfoodsecurity. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B., 360(1463): 2139-2148. Hooker, J.E. veAtkinson,U. (1992). Application of computer-aidedimageanalysistostudies of arbuscularendomycorrhizalfungieffects on plantrootsystemmorphologyanddynamics. Agronomie, Paris 12:821-824. Jaizme-Vega M.C. (2001). Individualpartnerannualreports ICIA-IRTA. inFourthAnnual Report November 2000- October 2001. Project INCO. No. ERB IC18 CT 97-0208. 111pp Jaizme-Vega, MC.ve Rodriguez-Romero, AS. (2004). Uso de micorrizas en banano: Logros y perspectivas. XVI ReuniónInternacional ACORBAT. Oaxaca, México. PublicaciónEspecial, pp. 143-160. Jaizme-Vega, MC.Tenoury, P.Pinochet, J. veJaumot, M. (1997). Interactionsbetweentheroot-knotnematodeMeloidogyneincognitaandGlomusmosseae in banana. PlantSoil, 196: 27-35. Jaizme-Vega, M. C. Sosa Hernández, B.veHernándezHernández, J. M. (1998). Interaction of arbuscularmycorrhizalfungiandthesoilpathogenFusariumoxysporum f. sp. cubense on thefirststages of micropropagatedGrandeNaine banana. ActaHortic. 490, 285–295. doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.1998. 490.28 Jorgenson, A. veKuykendall, KA. (2008). Globalization, foreigninvestmentdependenceandagricultureproduction: pesticideandfertilizeruse in less-developedcountries, 1990-2000. Soc. Forces, 87: 529-560. Lenoir, I. Fontaine, J.veLounès-HadjSahraoui, A. (2016). Arbuscularmycorrhizalfungalresponsestoabioticstresses: a review. Phytochemistry 123, 4–15. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.01.002 Lin, S. Wang, C.ve Su, C. (2012). Using arbuscularmycorrhizalfungusandothermicroorganismsforcontrol of Fusariumwilt of banana. J. TaiwanAgric. Res. 61, 241–249. Mohandas, S. Manjula, R. Rawal, R. D. Lakshmikantha, H. C. Saikat, C.veRamachandra, Y. L. (2010). Evaluation of arbuscularmycorrhizaandotherbiocontrolagents in managingFusariumoxysporum f. sp. cubenseinfection in banana cv. Neypoovan. BiocontrolSci. Technol. 20, 165–181. doi: 10.1080/09583150903438439 Parniske, M. (2008). Arbuscularmycorrhiza: themother of plantrootendosymbioses. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 6, 763–775. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro1987 Sampaio, D. B. Mendes Filho, P. F. Mascena, A. M. Gomes, V. F. F.veGuimarães, F. V. A. (2012). Colonisation of arbuscularmycorrhizaandtoleranceto Panama disease in seedlings of themaçã banana. Rev. Ciênc. Agron. 43, 462–469. doi: 10.1590/S1806-66902012000300007 Sarah J.L. (2001). Individualpartnerannualreports CIRAD. inFourthAnnual Report November 2000-October 2001. Project INCO. No. ERB IC18 CT 97-0208. 111pp. Speijer, PR. Gold, CS.Kajumba, C. veKaramura, EB. (1995). Nematodeinfestation of ‘clean’ banana plantingmaterials in farmer’sfields in Uganda. Nematologica, 41: 344. Smith. S. E ve Read, D. J., 1997. MycorrhizalSymbiosis. AcademicPress, London, Talwana, HAL.Speijer, PR. Gold, CS.Swennen, RL. ve De Waele, D. (2003). A comparison of theeffects of thenematodesRadopholussimilisandPratylenchusgoodeyi on growth, roothealthandyield of an East Africanhighlandcooking banana (Musa AAA-group). Int. J. PestManage., 49: 199-204. Vaast, P.Caswell-Chen, EP. veZasoski, RJ. (1998). Influences of a rootlesionnematode, Pratylenchuscoffeae, andtwoarbuscularmycorrhizalfungi, AcaulosporamelleaandGlomusclarum in coffee (Coffeaarabica L.). Biol. Fert. Soils, 26: 130-135. Van der Veken, L. Win, PP. Elsen, A.Swennen, R. De Waele, D. (2008). Susceptibility of banana intercropsforrhizobacteria, arbuscularmycorrhizalfungiandtheburrowingnematodeRadopholussimilis. Appl. SoilEcol., 40: 283-290. Whitehead, A. G. (1998). Semi-endoparasiticnematodes of roots (Helicotylenchus, RotylenchulusandTylenchulus). Pp. 90-137 in PlantNematode Control. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.
Toplam 1 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 26 Haziran 2019 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2019 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1 |
