Araştırma Makalesi
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Diyarbakır Yöresinde İshalli Buzağılarda Cryptosporidium spp. Yaygınlığı ve Moleküler Karakterizasyonu

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1, 9 - 13, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.47027/duvetfd.1033855

Öz

Bu çalışma insan ve birçok evcil hayvanda ishale neden olan Cryptosporidium’un Diyarbakır ve çevresinde ishalli buzağılarda yaygınlığının ve türlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Cryptosporidiosis yaygınlığını belirlemek için bölgede bir aylığa kadar olan ishalli 64 buzağıdan dışkı örnekleri alınmıştır. Alınan örnekler ookist varlığı yönünden direkt immünfloresan antikor tekniği kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Cryptosporidium spp. ookistleri 64 örneğin 36 'sında (%56,25) tespit edilmiştir. Mikroskobik olarak Cryptosporidium spp. ookistlerinin tespit edildiği pozitif bütün örneklerden SSU rRNA lokusunun PCR ürünleri elde edilmiş ve iki Cryptosporidium türü tanımlanmıştır. Tanımlanan C. parvum (36/32, %88.9) baskın tür olarak belirlenirken, C. ryanae (36/4, %11.1) tanımlanan diğer türdür. Bu çalışmanın sonucunda Diyarbakır ve çevresinde ishalli buzağılarda cryptosporidiosisin önemi ve yine ishalli buzağılarda potansiyel zoonotik öneme sahip olan C. parvum türüne yüksek oranda rastlanılmasıyla buzağıların diğer hayvan ve insanlar için bulaş kaynağı olabileceği ortaya konulmuştur.

Destekleyen Kurum

Dicle Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeler Koordinatörlüğü

Proje Numarası

VETERİNER.17.016

Kaynakça

  • Caccio SM, Thompson ARC, McLauchlin J, Smith HV. (2005). Unravelling Cryptosporidium and Giardia epidemiology. Trends Parasitol. 21(9): 430–437.
  • Dubey JP, Speer CA, Fayer R. (1990). Cryptosporidiosis of man and animals. CRC Press, USA.
  • Lee SH, Kim HY, Choi EW, Kim D. (2019). Causative agents and epidemiology of diarrhea in Korean native calves. J Vet Sci. 20(6): e64.
  • Fredes F, Díaz A, Raffo E, Munoz P. (2008). Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts detected using acid-fast stain in faeces of gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) in Antarctica. Antarct Sci, 20(5): 495-496.
  • Wells B, Shaw H, Hotchkiss E, Gilray et al. (2015). Prevalence, species identification and genotyping Cryptosporidium from livestock and deer in a catchment in the Cairngorms with a history of a contaminated public water supply. Parasites Vectors. 8(1): 66
  • Wells B, Paton C, Bacchetti R, et al. (2019) Cryptosporidium Prevalence in Calves and Geese Co-Grazing on Four Livestock Farms Surrounding Two Reservoirs Supplying Public Water to Mainland Orkney Scotland. Microorganisms. 7(11): 513
  • Usluca S, Aksoy Ü. (2006). Su kaynaklı bir parazit: Cryptosporidium. DEU Tıp Derg. 20(1): 65-74.
  • Olson ME, O'Handley RM, Ralston, BJ, McAllister TA, Thompson RA. (2004). Update on Cryptosporidium and Giardia infections in cattle. Trends parasitol. 20(4): 185-191.
  • Thompson RA, Palmer CS, O’handley R. (2008). The public health and clinical significance of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in domestic animals. Vet Journal. 177(1): 18-25.
  • Muhid A, Robertson I, Ng J, Ryan U. (2011). Prevalence of and management factors contributing to Cryptosporidium sp. infection in pre-weaned and post-weaned calves in Johor, Malaysia. Exp Parasitol. 127(2): 534- 538.
  • Fayer R, Santín M, Trout JM, Greiner E. (2006). Prevalence of species and genotypes of Cryptosporidium found in 1-2-year-old dairy cattle in the eastern United States. Vet Parasitol. 135(2):105-112.
  • Fayer R, Santin M, Trout JM. (2007). Prevalence of Cryptosporidium species and genotypes in mature dairy cattle on farms in eastern United States compared with younger cattle from the same locations. Vet. Parasitol. 145(3-4): 260-266.
  • Santín M, Trout JM, Fayer R. (2008). A longitudinal study of cryptosporidiosis in dairy cattle from birth to 2 years of age. Vet Parasitol. 155(1-2):15-23.
  • Gulliksen SM, Lie KI, Loken T, Osteras O. (2009). Calf mortality in Norwegian dairy herds. J Dairy Sci. 92(6): 2782–2795.
  • Pardon B, Hostens M, Duchateau L, Dewulf J, De Bleecker, K, Deprez P. (2013). Impact of respiratory disease, diarrhea, otitis and arthritis on mortality and carcass traits in white veal calves. BMC Vet Res. 9(1):1-14.
  • Imre K, Lobo LM, Matos O, Popescu C, Genchi C, Dărăbuş G. (2011). Molecular characterisation of Cryptosporidium isolates from pre-weaned calves in Romania: is there an actual risk of zoonotic infections? Vet Parasitol.181(2-4):321-324.
  • Xiao L, Fayer R. (2008). Molecular characterisation of species and genotypes of Cryptosporidium and Giardia and assessment of zoonotic transmission. Int J Parasitol. 38(11):1239-1255.
  • Xiao L. (2010). Molecular epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis: an update. Exp Parasitol. 124(1):80-89.
  • Díaz P, Varcasia A, Pipia AP, et al. (2018). Molecular characterisation and risk factor analysis of Cryptosporidium spp. in calves from Italy. Parasitol Res. 117(10):3081-3090.
  • Arslan M, Ekinci A. (2012). Determination of Cryptosporidium parvum subtypes in cattle in Kars province of Turkey. Kafkas Univ. Vet. Fak. Derg. 18(supplA): A221- A226.
  • Yildirim A, Adanir R, Inci A, et al. (2020). Prevalence and genotyping of bovine Cryptosporidium species in the Mediterranean and Central Anatolia Region of Turkey. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 69:101425.
  • Guven E, Avcioglu H, Balkaya I, Hayirli A, Kar S, Karaer Z. (2013). Prevalence of Cryptosporidiosis and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. in calves in Erzurum. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 19(6): 969-974.
  • Taylan-Ozkan A, Yasa-Duru S, Usluca S, et al. (2016). Cryptosporidium species and Cryptosporidium parvum subtypes in dairy calves and goat kids reared under traditional farming systems in Turkey. Exp Parasitol. 170:16-20.
  • Kabir MHB, Ceylan O, Ceylan C, et al. (2020). Molecular detection of genotypes and subtypes of Cryptosporidium infection in diarrheic calves, lambs, and goat kids from Turkey. Parasitol Int. 79:102163.
  • J Quilez J, Torres E, Chalmers RM, Robinson G, Del Cacho E, Sanchez-Acedo C. (2008). Cryptosporidium species and subtype analysis from dairy calves in Spain. Parasitology. 135(14):1613-1620.
  • Kaupke A, Rzeżutka A. (2015). Emergence of novel subtypes of Cryptosporidium parvum in calves in Poland. Parasitol Res. 114(12):4709-4716.
  • Alves M, Xiao L, Sulaiman I, Lal AA, Matos O, Antunes F. (2003). Subgenotype analysis of Cryptosporidium isolates from humans, cattle, and zoo ruminants in Portugal. J Clin Microbiol. 41(6):2744-2747.
  • Lichtmannsperger K, Hinney B, Joachim A, Wittek T. (2019). Molecular characterization of Giardia intestinalis and Cryptosporidium parvum from calves with diarrhoea in Austria and evaluation of point-of-care tests. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 66:101333.
  • Mahmoudi M, Hazrati Tapeh K, Abasi E, Sayyadi H, Aminpour A. (2021). Prevalence and genetic characterization of Cryptosporidium in pre-weaned cattle in Urmia (Northwestern Iran). J Infect Dev Ctries. 15(3):422-427.
  • Xiao L, Morgan UM, Limor J, et al. (1999). Genetic diversity within Cryptosporidium parvum and related Cryptosporidium species. Appl Environ Microbiol. 65(8):3386-3391.
  • Ipek DS. (2017). Prevalence and molecular characterisation of Cryptosporidium spp. in diarrhoeic pre-weaned goat kids reared under traditional farming system in Diyarbakir, Southeastern Anatolia City, Turkey. Rev Med Vet, 168(10-12): 229-234.
  • Hatam-Nahavandi K, Ahmadpour E, Carmena D, Spotin A, Bangoura B, Xiao L. (2019). Cryptosporidiuminfections in terrestrial ungulates with focus on livestock: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Parasit Vectors. 12(1):1–23.
  • Burgu A. (1984). Türkiye’de buzağılarda Cryptosporidium’ların bulunuşu ile ilgili ilk çalışmalar. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 31(3): 573-585.
  • Aydın F, Umur Ş, Gökçe G, Genç O, Güler MA. (2001). Kars yöresindeki ishalli buzağılardan bakteriyel ve paraziter etkenlerin izolasyonu ve identifikasyonu. Kafkas Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 7(1):7-14.
  • Arslan MÖ, Gıcık Y, Erdoğan HM, Sarı B. (2001). Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. Oocysts in diarrhoeic calves in Kars, Province. Turkey. Turk J Vet Anim Sci. 25(2):161-164.
  • Çitil M, Arslan MÖ, Güneş V, Erdoğan HM. (2004). Neonatal buzağı ishallerinde cryptosporidium ve Eimeria spp. enfeksiyonlarının rolü. Kafkas Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 10(1): 59-64.
  • Özlem MB, Eren H, Kaya O. (1997). Aydın yöresi buzağılarda Cryptosporidium’ların varlığının araştırılması. Bornova Vet Kont Araş Enst Derg. 22: 15-22
  • Emre Z, Fidancı H. (1998). Prevalence of mix infections of Cryptosporidium spp., Escherichia coli K 99 and Rotavirus in the faeces of diarrhoeic and healthy cattle in Ankara, Turkey and in vitro resistance of Escherichia coli K 99 to antimicrobial agents. Turk J Vet Anim Sci. 22: 175-178
  • Ekinci Ö, Sevinç F, Coşkun A, Işık N, Sevinç N. (2011). İshalli buzağılarda cryptosporidiosisin yaygınlığı. Eurasian J Vet Sci. 27(2):123-126.
  • Kuliğ CC, Coşkun A. (2019). Sivas ve İlçelerindeki Neonatal İshalli Buzağılarda E. coli, Cryptosporidium, Clostridium perfringens, Rotavirüs ve Coronavirüs Prevalansı. Turkish Vet J. 1(2): 69-73.
  • Sarı B, Aktaş MS, Arslan MÖ. (2008). Erzurum yöresinde buzağılarda Cryptosporidium türlerinin prevalansı. Türkiye Parazitol Derg. 32(2): 116-119.
  • Aysul N, Ulutaş B, Ünlü H, Hoşgör M, Atasoy A, Karagenç T (2009) Aydın ilinde ishalli buzağılarda bulunan Cryptosporidium türlerinin moleküler karakterizasyonu. XVI. Ulusal Parazitoloji Kongresi, 1-7 Kasım, Adana -Türkiye.
  • Şimşek A, İnci A, Yıldırım A, Çiloğlu A, Bişkin Z. Düzlü Ö. (2012). Nevşehir Yöresindeki Yeni Doğan İshalli Buzağılarda Cryptosporidiosis’in Real Time PCR ve Nested PCR Yöntemleri ile Saptanması. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 9(2): 79-87.
  • Ouakli, N, Belkhiri A, de Lucio A, et al. (2018). Cryptosporidium-associated diarrhoea in neonatal calves in Algeria. Vet Parasitol: Reg Stud Rep. 12: 78-84.
  • Soltane R, Guyot K, Dei-Cas E, Ayadi A. (2007). Cryptosporidium parvum (Eucoccidiorida: Cryptosporiidae) in calves: results of a longitudinal study in a dairy farm in Sfax, Tunisia. Parasite. 14(4): 309-312.
  • Mammeri M, Chevillot A, Chenafi I. et al. (2019). Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium isolates from diarrheal dairy calves in France. Vet Parasitol: Reg Stud Rep. 18:100323.
  • Wu Y, Zhang K, Zhang Y. et al. (2020). Genetic Diversity of Cryptosporidium parvum in Neonatal Dairy Calves in Xinjiang, China. Pathogens. 9(9):692.
  • Paul S, Chandra D, Ray DD. et al. (2008). Prevalence and molecular characterization of bovine Cryptosporidium isolates in India. Vet Parasitol. 153(1–2):143–146.
  • Singh BB, Sharma R, Kumar H. et al. (2006). Prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum infection in Punjab (India) and its association with diarrhea in neonatal dairy calves. Vet Parasitol. 140(1-2):162-165.
  • Trotz-Williams LA, Jarvie BD, Martin SW, Leslie KE, Peregrine AS. (2005). Prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum infection in southwestern Ontario and its association with diarrhea in neonatal dairy calves. Can Vet J. 46(4):349-51.
  • Santín M, Trout JM, Xiao L, Zhou L, Greiner E, Fayer R. (2004). Prevalence and age-related variation of Cryptosporidium species and genotypes in dairy calves. Vet Parasitol. 122(2):103–17.
  • Gong C, Cao XF, Deng L, et al. (2017). Epidemiology of Cryptosporidium infection in cattle in China: a review. Parasite. 24(1).
  • Xiao L., Feng, Y. (2008). Zoonotic Cryptosporidiosis. FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology, 52(3), 309-323.
  • Guerrant RL. (1997). Cryptosporidiosis: an emerging, highly infectious threat. Emerg Infect Dis. 3(1):51-57.
  • Gharieb RMA, Bowman DD, Liotta JL, Xiao L.(2019). Isolation, genotyping and subtyping of single Cryptosporidium oocysts from calves with special reference to zoonotic significance. Vet Parasitol. 271:80-86.
  • Quilez J, Torres E, Chalmers RM, Robinson G, Del Cacho E, Sanchez-Acedo C. (2008). Cryptosporidium species and subtype analysis from dairy calves in Spain. Parasitology. 135(14):1613-1620.
  • Kaupke A, Rzeżutka A. (2015). Emergence of novel subtypes of Cryptosporidium parvum in calves in Poland. Parasitol Res. 114(12):4709-16.
  • Soba B, ogar J. (2008). Genetic classification of Cryptosporidium isolates from humans and calves in Slovenia. Parasitology. 135(11):1263-70.
  • Lichtmannsperger K, Hinney B, Joachim A, Wittek T. (2019). Molecular characterization of Giardia intestinalis and Cryptosporidium parvum from calves with diarrhea in Austria and evaluation of point-of-care tests. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 66:101333.
  • Alves M, Xiao L, Sulaiman I, Lal AA, Matos O, Antunes F. (2003). Subgenotype analysis of Cryptosporidium isolates from humans, cattle, and zoo ruminants in Portugal. J Clin Microbiol. 41(6):2744-2747.

PPrevalence and Molecular Characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. in Calves with Diarrhea in Diyarbakır Province

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1, 9 - 13, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.47027/duvetfd.1033855

Öz

This study was carried out in calves with diarrhea in order to determine the prevalence and species of Cryptosporidium, which causes diarrhea in humans and many domestic animals, in Diyarbakır and its surroundings, located in the southeast of Turkey. Stool samples were taken from the rectums of 64 calves with diarrhea up to one month old, using sterile gloves to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidiosis. The samples were examined for the presence of oocysts using direct immunofluorescence antibody technique. Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts were detected in 36 (56.25%) of 64 samples. PCR products of the SSU rRNA locus were obtained from all positive samples and two Cryptosporidium species were identified. While C. parvum identified 32 (88.9%) was determined as the dominant species, C. ryanae was the other identified 4 (11.1%) species. As a result of this study, the importance of cryptosporidiosis in diarrheal calves in Diyarbakir and its district. and the high incidence of C. parvum species, which has a potential zoonotic importance in diarrheal calves, have been revealed to be a source of transmission to other animals and humans.

Proje Numarası

VETERİNER.17.016

Kaynakça

  • Caccio SM, Thompson ARC, McLauchlin J, Smith HV. (2005). Unravelling Cryptosporidium and Giardia epidemiology. Trends Parasitol. 21(9): 430–437.
  • Dubey JP, Speer CA, Fayer R. (1990). Cryptosporidiosis of man and animals. CRC Press, USA.
  • Lee SH, Kim HY, Choi EW, Kim D. (2019). Causative agents and epidemiology of diarrhea in Korean native calves. J Vet Sci. 20(6): e64.
  • Fredes F, Díaz A, Raffo E, Munoz P. (2008). Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts detected using acid-fast stain in faeces of gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) in Antarctica. Antarct Sci, 20(5): 495-496.
  • Wells B, Shaw H, Hotchkiss E, Gilray et al. (2015). Prevalence, species identification and genotyping Cryptosporidium from livestock and deer in a catchment in the Cairngorms with a history of a contaminated public water supply. Parasites Vectors. 8(1): 66
  • Wells B, Paton C, Bacchetti R, et al. (2019) Cryptosporidium Prevalence in Calves and Geese Co-Grazing on Four Livestock Farms Surrounding Two Reservoirs Supplying Public Water to Mainland Orkney Scotland. Microorganisms. 7(11): 513
  • Usluca S, Aksoy Ü. (2006). Su kaynaklı bir parazit: Cryptosporidium. DEU Tıp Derg. 20(1): 65-74.
  • Olson ME, O'Handley RM, Ralston, BJ, McAllister TA, Thompson RA. (2004). Update on Cryptosporidium and Giardia infections in cattle. Trends parasitol. 20(4): 185-191.
  • Thompson RA, Palmer CS, O’handley R. (2008). The public health and clinical significance of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in domestic animals. Vet Journal. 177(1): 18-25.
  • Muhid A, Robertson I, Ng J, Ryan U. (2011). Prevalence of and management factors contributing to Cryptosporidium sp. infection in pre-weaned and post-weaned calves in Johor, Malaysia. Exp Parasitol. 127(2): 534- 538.
  • Fayer R, Santín M, Trout JM, Greiner E. (2006). Prevalence of species and genotypes of Cryptosporidium found in 1-2-year-old dairy cattle in the eastern United States. Vet Parasitol. 135(2):105-112.
  • Fayer R, Santin M, Trout JM. (2007). Prevalence of Cryptosporidium species and genotypes in mature dairy cattle on farms in eastern United States compared with younger cattle from the same locations. Vet. Parasitol. 145(3-4): 260-266.
  • Santín M, Trout JM, Fayer R. (2008). A longitudinal study of cryptosporidiosis in dairy cattle from birth to 2 years of age. Vet Parasitol. 155(1-2):15-23.
  • Gulliksen SM, Lie KI, Loken T, Osteras O. (2009). Calf mortality in Norwegian dairy herds. J Dairy Sci. 92(6): 2782–2795.
  • Pardon B, Hostens M, Duchateau L, Dewulf J, De Bleecker, K, Deprez P. (2013). Impact of respiratory disease, diarrhea, otitis and arthritis on mortality and carcass traits in white veal calves. BMC Vet Res. 9(1):1-14.
  • Imre K, Lobo LM, Matos O, Popescu C, Genchi C, Dărăbuş G. (2011). Molecular characterisation of Cryptosporidium isolates from pre-weaned calves in Romania: is there an actual risk of zoonotic infections? Vet Parasitol.181(2-4):321-324.
  • Xiao L, Fayer R. (2008). Molecular characterisation of species and genotypes of Cryptosporidium and Giardia and assessment of zoonotic transmission. Int J Parasitol. 38(11):1239-1255.
  • Xiao L. (2010). Molecular epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis: an update. Exp Parasitol. 124(1):80-89.
  • Díaz P, Varcasia A, Pipia AP, et al. (2018). Molecular characterisation and risk factor analysis of Cryptosporidium spp. in calves from Italy. Parasitol Res. 117(10):3081-3090.
  • Arslan M, Ekinci A. (2012). Determination of Cryptosporidium parvum subtypes in cattle in Kars province of Turkey. Kafkas Univ. Vet. Fak. Derg. 18(supplA): A221- A226.
  • Yildirim A, Adanir R, Inci A, et al. (2020). Prevalence and genotyping of bovine Cryptosporidium species in the Mediterranean and Central Anatolia Region of Turkey. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 69:101425.
  • Guven E, Avcioglu H, Balkaya I, Hayirli A, Kar S, Karaer Z. (2013). Prevalence of Cryptosporidiosis and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. in calves in Erzurum. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 19(6): 969-974.
  • Taylan-Ozkan A, Yasa-Duru S, Usluca S, et al. (2016). Cryptosporidium species and Cryptosporidium parvum subtypes in dairy calves and goat kids reared under traditional farming systems in Turkey. Exp Parasitol. 170:16-20.
  • Kabir MHB, Ceylan O, Ceylan C, et al. (2020). Molecular detection of genotypes and subtypes of Cryptosporidium infection in diarrheic calves, lambs, and goat kids from Turkey. Parasitol Int. 79:102163.
  • J Quilez J, Torres E, Chalmers RM, Robinson G, Del Cacho E, Sanchez-Acedo C. (2008). Cryptosporidium species and subtype analysis from dairy calves in Spain. Parasitology. 135(14):1613-1620.
  • Kaupke A, Rzeżutka A. (2015). Emergence of novel subtypes of Cryptosporidium parvum in calves in Poland. Parasitol Res. 114(12):4709-4716.
  • Alves M, Xiao L, Sulaiman I, Lal AA, Matos O, Antunes F. (2003). Subgenotype analysis of Cryptosporidium isolates from humans, cattle, and zoo ruminants in Portugal. J Clin Microbiol. 41(6):2744-2747.
  • Lichtmannsperger K, Hinney B, Joachim A, Wittek T. (2019). Molecular characterization of Giardia intestinalis and Cryptosporidium parvum from calves with diarrhoea in Austria and evaluation of point-of-care tests. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 66:101333.
  • Mahmoudi M, Hazrati Tapeh K, Abasi E, Sayyadi H, Aminpour A. (2021). Prevalence and genetic characterization of Cryptosporidium in pre-weaned cattle in Urmia (Northwestern Iran). J Infect Dev Ctries. 15(3):422-427.
  • Xiao L, Morgan UM, Limor J, et al. (1999). Genetic diversity within Cryptosporidium parvum and related Cryptosporidium species. Appl Environ Microbiol. 65(8):3386-3391.
  • Ipek DS. (2017). Prevalence and molecular characterisation of Cryptosporidium spp. in diarrhoeic pre-weaned goat kids reared under traditional farming system in Diyarbakir, Southeastern Anatolia City, Turkey. Rev Med Vet, 168(10-12): 229-234.
  • Hatam-Nahavandi K, Ahmadpour E, Carmena D, Spotin A, Bangoura B, Xiao L. (2019). Cryptosporidiuminfections in terrestrial ungulates with focus on livestock: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Parasit Vectors. 12(1):1–23.
  • Burgu A. (1984). Türkiye’de buzağılarda Cryptosporidium’ların bulunuşu ile ilgili ilk çalışmalar. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 31(3): 573-585.
  • Aydın F, Umur Ş, Gökçe G, Genç O, Güler MA. (2001). Kars yöresindeki ishalli buzağılardan bakteriyel ve paraziter etkenlerin izolasyonu ve identifikasyonu. Kafkas Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 7(1):7-14.
  • Arslan MÖ, Gıcık Y, Erdoğan HM, Sarı B. (2001). Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. Oocysts in diarrhoeic calves in Kars, Province. Turkey. Turk J Vet Anim Sci. 25(2):161-164.
  • Çitil M, Arslan MÖ, Güneş V, Erdoğan HM. (2004). Neonatal buzağı ishallerinde cryptosporidium ve Eimeria spp. enfeksiyonlarının rolü. Kafkas Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 10(1): 59-64.
  • Özlem MB, Eren H, Kaya O. (1997). Aydın yöresi buzağılarda Cryptosporidium’ların varlığının araştırılması. Bornova Vet Kont Araş Enst Derg. 22: 15-22
  • Emre Z, Fidancı H. (1998). Prevalence of mix infections of Cryptosporidium spp., Escherichia coli K 99 and Rotavirus in the faeces of diarrhoeic and healthy cattle in Ankara, Turkey and in vitro resistance of Escherichia coli K 99 to antimicrobial agents. Turk J Vet Anim Sci. 22: 175-178
  • Ekinci Ö, Sevinç F, Coşkun A, Işık N, Sevinç N. (2011). İshalli buzağılarda cryptosporidiosisin yaygınlığı. Eurasian J Vet Sci. 27(2):123-126.
  • Kuliğ CC, Coşkun A. (2019). Sivas ve İlçelerindeki Neonatal İshalli Buzağılarda E. coli, Cryptosporidium, Clostridium perfringens, Rotavirüs ve Coronavirüs Prevalansı. Turkish Vet J. 1(2): 69-73.
  • Sarı B, Aktaş MS, Arslan MÖ. (2008). Erzurum yöresinde buzağılarda Cryptosporidium türlerinin prevalansı. Türkiye Parazitol Derg. 32(2): 116-119.
  • Aysul N, Ulutaş B, Ünlü H, Hoşgör M, Atasoy A, Karagenç T (2009) Aydın ilinde ishalli buzağılarda bulunan Cryptosporidium türlerinin moleküler karakterizasyonu. XVI. Ulusal Parazitoloji Kongresi, 1-7 Kasım, Adana -Türkiye.
  • Şimşek A, İnci A, Yıldırım A, Çiloğlu A, Bişkin Z. Düzlü Ö. (2012). Nevşehir Yöresindeki Yeni Doğan İshalli Buzağılarda Cryptosporidiosis’in Real Time PCR ve Nested PCR Yöntemleri ile Saptanması. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 9(2): 79-87.
  • Ouakli, N, Belkhiri A, de Lucio A, et al. (2018). Cryptosporidium-associated diarrhoea in neonatal calves in Algeria. Vet Parasitol: Reg Stud Rep. 12: 78-84.
  • Soltane R, Guyot K, Dei-Cas E, Ayadi A. (2007). Cryptosporidium parvum (Eucoccidiorida: Cryptosporiidae) in calves: results of a longitudinal study in a dairy farm in Sfax, Tunisia. Parasite. 14(4): 309-312.
  • Mammeri M, Chevillot A, Chenafi I. et al. (2019). Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium isolates from diarrheal dairy calves in France. Vet Parasitol: Reg Stud Rep. 18:100323.
  • Wu Y, Zhang K, Zhang Y. et al. (2020). Genetic Diversity of Cryptosporidium parvum in Neonatal Dairy Calves in Xinjiang, China. Pathogens. 9(9):692.
  • Paul S, Chandra D, Ray DD. et al. (2008). Prevalence and molecular characterization of bovine Cryptosporidium isolates in India. Vet Parasitol. 153(1–2):143–146.
  • Singh BB, Sharma R, Kumar H. et al. (2006). Prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum infection in Punjab (India) and its association with diarrhea in neonatal dairy calves. Vet Parasitol. 140(1-2):162-165.
  • Trotz-Williams LA, Jarvie BD, Martin SW, Leslie KE, Peregrine AS. (2005). Prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum infection in southwestern Ontario and its association with diarrhea in neonatal dairy calves. Can Vet J. 46(4):349-51.
  • Santín M, Trout JM, Xiao L, Zhou L, Greiner E, Fayer R. (2004). Prevalence and age-related variation of Cryptosporidium species and genotypes in dairy calves. Vet Parasitol. 122(2):103–17.
  • Gong C, Cao XF, Deng L, et al. (2017). Epidemiology of Cryptosporidium infection in cattle in China: a review. Parasite. 24(1).
  • Xiao L., Feng, Y. (2008). Zoonotic Cryptosporidiosis. FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology, 52(3), 309-323.
  • Guerrant RL. (1997). Cryptosporidiosis: an emerging, highly infectious threat. Emerg Infect Dis. 3(1):51-57.
  • Gharieb RMA, Bowman DD, Liotta JL, Xiao L.(2019). Isolation, genotyping and subtyping of single Cryptosporidium oocysts from calves with special reference to zoonotic significance. Vet Parasitol. 271:80-86.
  • Quilez J, Torres E, Chalmers RM, Robinson G, Del Cacho E, Sanchez-Acedo C. (2008). Cryptosporidium species and subtype analysis from dairy calves in Spain. Parasitology. 135(14):1613-1620.
  • Kaupke A, Rzeżutka A. (2015). Emergence of novel subtypes of Cryptosporidium parvum in calves in Poland. Parasitol Res. 114(12):4709-16.
  • Soba B, ogar J. (2008). Genetic classification of Cryptosporidium isolates from humans and calves in Slovenia. Parasitology. 135(11):1263-70.
  • Lichtmannsperger K, Hinney B, Joachim A, Wittek T. (2019). Molecular characterization of Giardia intestinalis and Cryptosporidium parvum from calves with diarrhea in Austria and evaluation of point-of-care tests. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 66:101333.
  • Alves M, Xiao L, Sulaiman I, Lal AA, Matos O, Antunes F. (2003). Subgenotype analysis of Cryptosporidium isolates from humans, cattle, and zoo ruminants in Portugal. J Clin Microbiol. 41(6):2744-2747.
Toplam 60 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Veteriner Cerrahi
Bölüm Araştıma
Yazarlar

Duygu Neval Sayın İpek 0000-0002-7486-232X

Proje Numarası VETERİNER.17.016
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2022
Kabul Tarihi 25 Mart 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Sayın İpek, D. N. (2022). Diyarbakır Yöresinde İshalli Buzağılarda Cryptosporidium spp. Yaygınlığı ve Moleküler Karakterizasyonu. Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 15(1), 9-13. https://doi.org/10.47027/duvetfd.1033855
AMA Sayın İpek DN. Diyarbakır Yöresinde İshalli Buzağılarda Cryptosporidium spp. Yaygınlığı ve Moleküler Karakterizasyonu. Dicle Üniv Vet Fak Derg. Haziran 2022;15(1):9-13. doi:10.47027/duvetfd.1033855
Chicago Sayın İpek, Duygu Neval. “Diyarbakır Yöresinde İshalli Buzağılarda Cryptosporidium Spp. Yaygınlığı Ve Moleküler Karakterizasyonu”. Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 15, sy. 1 (Haziran 2022): 9-13. https://doi.org/10.47027/duvetfd.1033855.
EndNote Sayın İpek DN (01 Haziran 2022) Diyarbakır Yöresinde İshalli Buzağılarda Cryptosporidium spp. Yaygınlığı ve Moleküler Karakterizasyonu. Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 15 1 9–13.
IEEE D. N. Sayın İpek, “Diyarbakır Yöresinde İshalli Buzağılarda Cryptosporidium spp. Yaygınlığı ve Moleküler Karakterizasyonu”, Dicle Üniv Vet Fak Derg, c. 15, sy. 1, ss. 9–13, 2022, doi: 10.47027/duvetfd.1033855.
ISNAD Sayın İpek, Duygu Neval. “Diyarbakır Yöresinde İshalli Buzağılarda Cryptosporidium Spp. Yaygınlığı Ve Moleküler Karakterizasyonu”. Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 15/1 (Haziran 2022), 9-13. https://doi.org/10.47027/duvetfd.1033855.
JAMA Sayın İpek DN. Diyarbakır Yöresinde İshalli Buzağılarda Cryptosporidium spp. Yaygınlığı ve Moleküler Karakterizasyonu. Dicle Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2022;15:9–13.
MLA Sayın İpek, Duygu Neval. “Diyarbakır Yöresinde İshalli Buzağılarda Cryptosporidium Spp. Yaygınlığı Ve Moleküler Karakterizasyonu”. Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 15, sy. 1, 2022, ss. 9-13, doi:10.47027/duvetfd.1033855.
Vancouver Sayın İpek DN. Diyarbakır Yöresinde İshalli Buzağılarda Cryptosporidium spp. Yaygınlığı ve Moleküler Karakterizasyonu. Dicle Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2022;15(1):9-13.