Araştırma Makalesi
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The effect of phosphine fumigation on some stored product pests at low-temperature conditions

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 2, 204 - 211, 24.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.669245

Öz

Synthetic fumigants are extensively used for the control of stored product pests. Among these fumigants, phosphine gas (PH3) has an important role. In this study, the toxic effect of phosphine gas was investigated at low temperatures. For this purpose, adult stages of Rice weevil [Sitophilus oryzae Linnaeus, 1763 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)], Red flour beetle [Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)] and Confused flour beetle [Tribolium confusum Jaquelin Du Val, 1868 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)] were exposed to 150, 300 and 600 ppm phosphine gas concentrations at 4, 9 and 24 hours and 1 and 2.5 °C low temperatures. It was obtained that, at 150 ppm dose, 4 hours exposure period and 1 °C temperature conditions the mortality rates for T. castaneum and T. confusum 61.06 % and 78.15 %, respectively. On the other hand, only 0.20 % mortality rate was obtained for S. oryzae under the same conditions. The studies were carried out in the stored product pests laboratory of the Plant Protection Central Research Institute in 2019. It was revealed that the mortality rate increases in all three insect species with increasing exposure time and dose under low temperature conditions.

Kaynakça

  • Anonim (2019). Bkü Veri Tabanı, https://bku.tarim.gov.tr/Arama/Index. (Erişim tarihi:16.12.2019)
  • Anonymus (1998). MBTOC Assessment of Alternatives to Methyl Bromide. Nairobi, Kenya: UN Environ. Comm., Ozone Secretariat. 374 pp.
  • Anonymus (2000). TEAP Montreal Protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer: UNEP Technology and Economic Assessment UNEP Technology and Economic Assessment Panel. April 2000 Rep. United Nations . Aulicky, R., Stejskal, V., Frydova, B., ve Athanassiou, C. G. (2015). Susceptibility of two strains of the confused flour beetle (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) following phosphine structural mill fumigation: effects of concentration, temperature, and flour deposits. Journal of economic entomology, 108(6), 2823-2830.
  • Banks, H. J. (1991). Influence of water and temperature on release of phosphine from aluminium phosphide-containing formulations. Journal of Stored Products Research, 27(1), 41-56 pp.
  • Bell CH, Price N, Chabrabarti B, (Eds.). (1996). The Methyl Bromide Issue. New York: Wiley & Sons.
  • Bell, C. H. (1976). The tolerance of developmental stages of four stored product moths to phosphine. Journal of Stored Products Research, 12: 77-86.
  • Bond, E. J. Manual ofFumigation forInsect Control; FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper 54; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: Rome, Italy, 1984.
  • Chadda, I. C. (2016). Fumigation with phosphine-a perspective. Indian Journal of Entomology, 78(special), 39-44.
  • Cotton, R. T. (1932). The relation of respiratory metabolism of insects to their susceptibility to fumigants. Journal of Economic Entomology, 25(5), 1088-1103.
  • Ertürk, S., Yılmaz, A., Fırat, T. A., ve Alkan, M. (2017). Trans-anethole ve karbondioksit karışımının Rhyzopertha dominica, Tribolium castaneum ve Sitophilus oryzae’ye karşı fümigant etkisi. Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 57(3), 391-400.
  • Evans, D. E. (1980). Further studies on acclimatization to low temperatures in the grain weevils Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and Sitophilus granarius (L.). Australian Journal of ecology, 5(4), 371-378.
  • Fields, P. G. (1992). The control of stored-product insects and mites with extreme temperatures. Journal of Stored Products Research, 28(2), 89-118.
  • Fields, P. G., ve White, N. D. (2002). Alternatives to methyl bromide treatments for stored-product and quarantine insects. Annual review of entomology, 47(1), 331-359.
  • Food and Agriculture Organization. (1975). Recommended methods for the detection and measurement of resistance of agricultural pests to pesticides–Tentative method for adults of some major pest species of stored cereals, with methyl bromide and phosphine. FAO Method No. 16. FAO Plant Prot. Bull, 23, 12-25.
  • Gurjar, M., Baronia, A. K., Azim, A., ve Sharma, K. (2011). Managing aluminum phosphide poisonings. Journal of Emergencies, Trauma, and Shock, 4(3), 378–384. doi:10.4103/0974-2700.83868
  • Hole, B. D., Bell, C. H., Mills, K. A., ve Goodship, G. (1976). The toxicity of phosphine to all developmental stages of thirteen species of stored product beetles. Journal of Stored Products Research, 12(4), 235-244.
  • Howe R. W. (1965). A summary of estimates of optimal and minimal conditions for population increase of some stored productsinsects. Journal of Stored Products Research 1 (2), 177–184
  • Howe, R. W. (1974). Problems in the laboratory investigation of the toxicity of phosphine to stored product insects. Journal of Stored Products Research, 10(3-4), 167-181.
  • Khare, B. P. (1994). Pests of stored grain and their management. Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi. 304 pp.
  • Kyung, Y., H. K. Kim, J. S. Lee, B. S. Kim, J. O. Yang, B. H. Lee, H. N. Koo, ve G. H. Kim. (2018). Efficacy and phytotoxicity of phosphine as fumigants for Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on asparagus. Journal of Economic Entomology. 111(6), 2644–2651.
  • Madrid, F. J., White, N. D. G., and Loschiavo, S. R. (1990). Insects in stored cereals, and their association with farming practices in southern Manitoba. The Canadian Entomologist, 122(3), 515-523.
  • Price, N. R. (1985). The mode of action of fumigants. Journal of Stored Products Research, 21(4), 157-164.
  • Sallam, M. N. (1999). Insect Damage: Damage on Post-harvest. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), p. 137
  • Ware, G. W. (1983). Pesticides: Theory and Application. Freeman, New York.

Düşük sıcaklık koşullarında fosfin fümigasyonunun bazı depolanmış ürün zararlısı böcekler üzerine etkisi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 2, 204 - 211, 24.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.669245

Öz

Depolanmış ürün zararlıları ile mücadelede yoğun şekilde sentetik fümigantlar kullanılmaktadır. Kullanılan bu fümigantların içinde fosfin gazı (PH3) önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Bu çalışmada fosfin gazının düşük sıcaklıklarda ki toksik etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla Pirinç biti [Sitophilus oryzae Linnaeus, 1763 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)], Un biti [Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)] ve Kırma biti [Tribolium confusum Jaquelin Du Val, 1868 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)]’nin erginleri 4, 9 ve 24 saatlik uygulama sürelerinde 150, 300 ve 600 ppm fosfin gaz konsantrasyonları ile 1 °C ve 2.5 °C’lik düşük sıcaklık koşularında ölüm oranları araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada T. castaneum ve T. confusum için 150 ppm dozda 4 saatlik uygulama süresinde ve 1 °C sıcaklık koşullarında sırasıyla % 61.06 ve % 78.15’lik ölüm oranı elde edilmiştir. Buna karşın bu değerde aynı koşularda S. oryzae için % 0.20’lik ölüm oranı elde edilmiştir. Çalışmalar 2019 yılı Zirai Mücadele Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Depolanmış Ürün Zararlıları laboratuvarında yürütülmüştür. Bu çalışma ile düşük sıcaklık altında fosfin gazı toksisitesinin uygulama süresi ve doz artışına paralel olarak arttığı ve her üç böcek türünde de mutlak ölümün sağlandığı ortaya konmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Anonim (2019). Bkü Veri Tabanı, https://bku.tarim.gov.tr/Arama/Index. (Erişim tarihi:16.12.2019)
  • Anonymus (1998). MBTOC Assessment of Alternatives to Methyl Bromide. Nairobi, Kenya: UN Environ. Comm., Ozone Secretariat. 374 pp.
  • Anonymus (2000). TEAP Montreal Protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer: UNEP Technology and Economic Assessment UNEP Technology and Economic Assessment Panel. April 2000 Rep. United Nations . Aulicky, R., Stejskal, V., Frydova, B., ve Athanassiou, C. G. (2015). Susceptibility of two strains of the confused flour beetle (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) following phosphine structural mill fumigation: effects of concentration, temperature, and flour deposits. Journal of economic entomology, 108(6), 2823-2830.
  • Banks, H. J. (1991). Influence of water and temperature on release of phosphine from aluminium phosphide-containing formulations. Journal of Stored Products Research, 27(1), 41-56 pp.
  • Bell CH, Price N, Chabrabarti B, (Eds.). (1996). The Methyl Bromide Issue. New York: Wiley & Sons.
  • Bell, C. H. (1976). The tolerance of developmental stages of four stored product moths to phosphine. Journal of Stored Products Research, 12: 77-86.
  • Bond, E. J. Manual ofFumigation forInsect Control; FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper 54; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: Rome, Italy, 1984.
  • Chadda, I. C. (2016). Fumigation with phosphine-a perspective. Indian Journal of Entomology, 78(special), 39-44.
  • Cotton, R. T. (1932). The relation of respiratory metabolism of insects to their susceptibility to fumigants. Journal of Economic Entomology, 25(5), 1088-1103.
  • Ertürk, S., Yılmaz, A., Fırat, T. A., ve Alkan, M. (2017). Trans-anethole ve karbondioksit karışımının Rhyzopertha dominica, Tribolium castaneum ve Sitophilus oryzae’ye karşı fümigant etkisi. Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 57(3), 391-400.
  • Evans, D. E. (1980). Further studies on acclimatization to low temperatures in the grain weevils Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and Sitophilus granarius (L.). Australian Journal of ecology, 5(4), 371-378.
  • Fields, P. G. (1992). The control of stored-product insects and mites with extreme temperatures. Journal of Stored Products Research, 28(2), 89-118.
  • Fields, P. G., ve White, N. D. (2002). Alternatives to methyl bromide treatments for stored-product and quarantine insects. Annual review of entomology, 47(1), 331-359.
  • Food and Agriculture Organization. (1975). Recommended methods for the detection and measurement of resistance of agricultural pests to pesticides–Tentative method for adults of some major pest species of stored cereals, with methyl bromide and phosphine. FAO Method No. 16. FAO Plant Prot. Bull, 23, 12-25.
  • Gurjar, M., Baronia, A. K., Azim, A., ve Sharma, K. (2011). Managing aluminum phosphide poisonings. Journal of Emergencies, Trauma, and Shock, 4(3), 378–384. doi:10.4103/0974-2700.83868
  • Hole, B. D., Bell, C. H., Mills, K. A., ve Goodship, G. (1976). The toxicity of phosphine to all developmental stages of thirteen species of stored product beetles. Journal of Stored Products Research, 12(4), 235-244.
  • Howe R. W. (1965). A summary of estimates of optimal and minimal conditions for population increase of some stored productsinsects. Journal of Stored Products Research 1 (2), 177–184
  • Howe, R. W. (1974). Problems in the laboratory investigation of the toxicity of phosphine to stored product insects. Journal of Stored Products Research, 10(3-4), 167-181.
  • Khare, B. P. (1994). Pests of stored grain and their management. Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi. 304 pp.
  • Kyung, Y., H. K. Kim, J. S. Lee, B. S. Kim, J. O. Yang, B. H. Lee, H. N. Koo, ve G. H. Kim. (2018). Efficacy and phytotoxicity of phosphine as fumigants for Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on asparagus. Journal of Economic Entomology. 111(6), 2644–2651.
  • Madrid, F. J., White, N. D. G., and Loschiavo, S. R. (1990). Insects in stored cereals, and their association with farming practices in southern Manitoba. The Canadian Entomologist, 122(3), 515-523.
  • Price, N. R. (1985). The mode of action of fumigants. Journal of Stored Products Research, 21(4), 157-164.
  • Sallam, M. N. (1999). Insect Damage: Damage on Post-harvest. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), p. 137
  • Ware, G. W. (1983). Pesticides: Theory and Application. Freeman, New York.
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Ziraat, Veterinerlik ve Gıda Bilimleri
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Sait Ertürk 0000-0001-9961-3955

Umut Toprak 0000-0001-7568-816X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 24 Haziran 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 2 Ocak 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 24 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Ertürk, S., & Toprak, U. (2020). Düşük sıcaklık koşullarında fosfin fümigasyonunun bazı depolanmış ürün zararlısı böcekler üzerine etkisi. Harran Tarım Ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, 24(2), 204-211. https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.669245

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