The effectiveness of entomopathogenic fungi isolated from the Western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) under field conditions
Öz
Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), the main pest of many vegetable and ornamental plants in Antalya greenhouse cultivation, causes damage directly to plants, but also causes damage as a vector of some important viruses. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are one of the microbial control agents that are widely used in the fight against harmful insects worldwide. Local isolates located in geographical areas with harmful insects have significant advantages in the control against them. With this project, it is aimed to determine the effectiveness of three (Beauveria bassiana M48, Beauveria bassiana M49, Isaria fumosorosea M50) hopeful isolates obtained from the previously conducted doctoral study against the F. occidentalis pest in land conditions. For this purpose, biological efficacy trials of isolates were established in the field of cultivation of two greenhouse (Kepez, Serik) and two field (Aksu, Korkuteli), where the pest is a problem firstly. The established essays were published by the General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies in the journal “Thrips on Vegetables [Thrips tabaci Lind., Frankliniella occidentalis (Perg.) (Thy.: Thripidae)] The Standard Pesticide Trial Method has been revised and conducted. As a positive control, an entomopathogenic fungus (NIBORTEM) licensed for thrips and an insecticide commonly used in the control against thrips (LASER ™ ) were tested. In order to evaluate the trial, the counts were performed a total of 6 times, 1 day before the spraying and 1, 3, 7, 10, 14 days after the spraying, earlier in the day. In general, the effect of the isolates used in the study was found to be higher than Nibortem in the 7th, 10th and 14th day counts. This coincides with the information that entomopathogenic fungi have a high activity against pests in the regions where they are obtained. The results revealed that hopeful isolates are also effective in land conditions and should be improved.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Biological control Entomopathogenic fungi Frankliniella occidentalis Western flower thrips
Proje Numarası
120O696
Kaynakça
- Ansari, M. A., M. Brownbridge, F. A. Shah, & T. M. Butt, (2008). Efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi against soil‐dwelling life stages of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, in plant‐growing media. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 127(2): 80-87.
- Cloyd, R. A. (1999). The entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae. Midwest Biological Control News, VI(7).
- Çam H., A. Gökçe, Y.Yanar, & İ. Kadıoğlu (2002). Entomopatojen fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill 'nın patates böceği, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say., üzerindeki etkisi. Türkiye 5. Biyolojik Mücadele Kongresi, 4-7 Eylül 2002, Erzurum. 359-364.
- Daughtrey, M. L., Jones, R.K., Moyer, J.W., Daub, M.E., & Baker, J.R. (1997). Tospoviruses Strike the Greenhouse Industry:INSV has become a Major Pathogen on Flower Crops. Plant Disease. 81:1220-1230.
- Demirözer, O., Uzun, A., Arici, Ş. E., Gep, İ. & Bakay, R. (2016). Insecticidal effect of Fusarium subglutinans on Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)(Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Hellenic Plant Protection Journal, 9(2), 66-72.
- Demirözer, O. (2019). Target-oriented dissemination of the entomopathogenic fungus Fusarium subglutinans 12A by the Western Flower Thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)(Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Phytoparasitica, 47(3), 393-403.
- Dura, O., S. Dura & E. Bilen, 2012. Biberde zararlı Batı çiçek thripsinin (Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)) biyolojik mücadelesinde Metarhizium anisopliae str. F52’nin etkin dozunun belirlenmesi. Bahçe, 41(1): 1-7.
- Eilenberg, J., Hajek, A. & Lomer, C., (2001). Suggestions for unifying the terminology in biological control. BioControl, 46: 387–400.
- Eilenberg, J. & Meadow, R., (2002). Fungi for biocontrol of brassica root flies, Delia radicum and Delia floralis. In: Upadhyay, R. (Ed.), Advances in Microbial Control. Kluwer Academic Publisher, Amsterdam, pp. 181–91.
- Ekesi, S., N. K. Maniania, I. Onu & B. Löhr, (1998). Pathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungi (Hyphomycetes) to the legume flower thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti (Trybom) (Thysan., Thripidae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 122(1‐5): 629-634.
- Er, M.K., (2003). Tarımda zararlı böceklerin mücadelesinde entomopatojen fungusların kullanımı. GAP III. Tarım Kongresi, 02-03 Ekim 2003, Şanlıurfa, 399-402.
- Erler, F. & Ates, A.O., (2015). Potential of two entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, as biological control agents against the June beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Journal of Insect Science, 15: 44.
- Erler, F., Ates, A.O. & Yahar, B., (2013). Evaluation of two entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, for the control of carmine spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus under greenhouse conditions. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 23(2): 233-240.
- Erler, F., Pradier, T. & Aciloglu, B., (2014). Field evaluation of an entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium brunneum strain F52, against pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyri. Pest Management Science, 70(3): 496-501.
- Fancelli M., A.B. Dias, I.J. Delalibera, S. Cerqueira de Jesus, A. Souza do Nascimento, & S. Oliveira e Silva (2013). Beauveria bassiana Strains for Biological Control of Cosmopolites sordidus (Germ.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Plantain. BioMed Research International, Volume 2013, Article ID 184756, 7s.
- Helyer, N., G. Gill, A. Bywater & R. Chambers, (1992). Elevated humidities for control of chrysanthemum pests with Verticillium lecanii. Pest Management Science, 36(4): 373-378.
- Henderson, C. F. & Tilton, E. W. (1955). Tests with acaricides against the brown wheat mite. Journal of Economic Entomology, 48(2), 157-161.
- Inglis, G. D., Johnson, D. L., & Goettel, M. S. (1997). Effects of temperature and sunlight on mycosis (Beauveria bassiana) of grasshoppers under field conditions. Environmental Entomology, 26, 400-409.
- Kırışık, M. (2021). Batı Çiçek Tripsi Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)’den Entomopatojen Fungus İzolasyonu, Tanılanması Ve Zararlıya Karşı Etkinliklerinin Test Edilmesi. (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi). Akdeniz Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Antalya.
- Kütük, H. (2017) Performance of the predator Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on greenhouse eggplants in the absence and presence of pine Pinus brutia (Pinales: Pinaceae) pollen. Entomological Research, 47:263–269. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.12222
- Maniania, N. K., S. Sithanantham, S. Ekesi, K. Ampong-Nyarko, J. Baumgärtner, B. Löhr & C. M. Matoka, (2003). A field trial of the entomogenous fungus Metarhizium anisopliae for control of onion thrips, Thrips tabaci. Crop Protection, 22: 553-559.
- McNeil Jr, D. G. (2005). Fungus fatal to mosquito may aid global war on Malaria. The New York Times, 10.
- Mousavi, E. S., Naderi, D., Kalateh Jari, S., Abdossi, V., & Dehghanzadeh, H. (2017). Efficacy of the Entomopathogenic Fungus, Beauveria bassiana against the Western Flower Thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)(Thysanoptera: Thripidae) under Greenhouse Conditions. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 27(1).
- Sánchez-Peña, S. R., Lara, J. S. J., & Medina, R. F. (2011). Occurrence of entomopathogenic fungi from agricultural and natural ecosystems in Saltillo, Mexico, and their virulence towards thrips and whiteflies. Journal of Insect Science, 11(1), 1.
- Ravensberg, W. J., M. Malais & D. A. Van der Schaaf, (1990). Verticillium lecanii as a microbial insecticide against glasshouse whitefly. In: Brighton Crop Protection Conference, Pests & Diseases-1990. Vol. 1. (pp. 265-268). British Crop Protection Council.
- Shahid, A.A., Rao, A.Q., Bakhsh, A., & Husnain, T., (2012). Entomopathogenic fungi as biological controllers: new insights into their virulence and pathogenicity. Archives of Biological Science Belgrade, 64(1): 21-42.
- TAGEM (2023). https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/TAGEM/Menu/28/Yayinlar_veriler. Erişim tarihi:19.08.2023.
- Topuz, E., Erler, F., & Gumrukcu, E. (2016). Survey of indigenous entomopathogenic fungi and evaluation of their pathogenicity against the carmine spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisd.), and the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) biotype B. Pest management science, 72(12), 2273-2279.
- Uçak, H., İ. Karaca & Ö. Güven, (2014). Bazı biyopestisitlerin Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thripidae: Thysanoptera)’e etkileri. Türkiye Biyolojik Mücadele Dergisi, 5(2): 137-148.
- Ulmann, D. E., Sherwood, J. L., & German, T. L. (1997). Thrips As Vectors of Plant Pathogens, pp 539-565. (T.LEWIS, editör), Thrips As Crop Pest. CAB International, United Kingdom.
- Vestergaard, S., A. T. Gillespie, T. M. Butt, G. Schreiter & J. Eilenberg, 1995. Pathogenicity of the hyphomycete fungi Verticillium lecanii and Metarhizium anisopliae to the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis. Biocontrol Science & Technology, 5(2): 185-192.
- Wetering, F.V.D., Hoek, M.V.D., Goldbach, R., Mollema, C. & Peters, D. (1999) Variation in tospovirus transmission between populations of Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Bulletin of Entomological Researchs, 89:579–588. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485399000735.
- Zahn, D.K., & Morse, J.G., (2013). Investigating alternatives to traditional insecticides: effectiveness of entomopathogenic fungi and Bacillus thuringiensis against citrus thrips and avocado thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 106(1): 64-72.
Batı çiçek thripsi Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)'den izole edilen entomopatojen fungusların tarla koşullarındaki etkinliği
Öz
Bu çalışma ile daha önce yürütülen çalışmadan elden edilen üç (Beauveria bassiana M48, Beauveria bassiana M49, Isaria fumosorosea M50) izolatın arazi koşullarında zararlı F. occidentalis’e karşı etkinliği belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla öncelikle zararlının sorun olduğu iki örtüaltı (Kepez, Serik) ve iki açık alan (Aksu, Korkuteli) yetiştiriciliği yapan alanda izolatların biyolojik etkinlik denemeleri kurulmuştur. Denemeler, Tarımsal Araştırmalar ve Politikalar Genel Müdürlüğü tarafından yayınlanan “Sebzede Thrips [Thrips tabaci Lind., Frankliniella occidentalis (Perg.) (Thy.: Thripidae)] Standart İlaç Deneme Metodu” revize edilerek yürütülmüştür. Pozitif kontrol olarak ise thripslere karşı ruhsat almış bir entomopatojen fungus (NİBORTEM) ve thrips mücadelesinde yaygın kullanılan bir insektisit (LASER™) test edilmiştir. Denemeyi değerlendirmek amacıyla sayımlar, ilaçlamadan 1 gün önce ve ilaçlamadan 1, 3, 7, 10, 14 gün sonra, günün erken saatlerinde olmak üzere toplam 6 kez yapılmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan izolatların genel olarak etkisinin 7., 10. ve 14. gün sayımlarında Nibortem’den daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Buda entomopatojen fungusların elde edildiği bölgelerde zararlılara karşı etkinliklerinin yüksek olduğu bilgisiyle örtüşmektedir. Sonuçlar, ümitvar izolatların arazi koşullarında da etkili olduğunu ve geliştirilmesi gerektiğini ortaya çıkarmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Batı çiçek tripsi Biyolojik mücadele Entomopatojen fungus Frankliniella occidentalis
Destekleyen Kurum
TUBİTAK
Proje Numarası
120O696
Teşekkür
Bu çalışma, TÜBİTAK 1002 Hızlı Destek Programı çerçevesinde desteklenmiş olan 120O696 nolu proje kapsamında yapılmıştır. Tüm destekleri için TÜBİTAK’a teşekkürlerimizi sunarız.
Kaynakça
- Ansari, M. A., M. Brownbridge, F. A. Shah, & T. M. Butt, (2008). Efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi against soil‐dwelling life stages of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, in plant‐growing media. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 127(2): 80-87.
- Cloyd, R. A. (1999). The entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae. Midwest Biological Control News, VI(7).
- Çam H., A. Gökçe, Y.Yanar, & İ. Kadıoğlu (2002). Entomopatojen fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill 'nın patates böceği, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say., üzerindeki etkisi. Türkiye 5. Biyolojik Mücadele Kongresi, 4-7 Eylül 2002, Erzurum. 359-364.
- Daughtrey, M. L., Jones, R.K., Moyer, J.W., Daub, M.E., & Baker, J.R. (1997). Tospoviruses Strike the Greenhouse Industry:INSV has become a Major Pathogen on Flower Crops. Plant Disease. 81:1220-1230.
- Demirözer, O., Uzun, A., Arici, Ş. E., Gep, İ. & Bakay, R. (2016). Insecticidal effect of Fusarium subglutinans on Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)(Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Hellenic Plant Protection Journal, 9(2), 66-72.
- Demirözer, O. (2019). Target-oriented dissemination of the entomopathogenic fungus Fusarium subglutinans 12A by the Western Flower Thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)(Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Phytoparasitica, 47(3), 393-403.
- Dura, O., S. Dura & E. Bilen, 2012. Biberde zararlı Batı çiçek thripsinin (Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)) biyolojik mücadelesinde Metarhizium anisopliae str. F52’nin etkin dozunun belirlenmesi. Bahçe, 41(1): 1-7.
- Eilenberg, J., Hajek, A. & Lomer, C., (2001). Suggestions for unifying the terminology in biological control. BioControl, 46: 387–400.
- Eilenberg, J. & Meadow, R., (2002). Fungi for biocontrol of brassica root flies, Delia radicum and Delia floralis. In: Upadhyay, R. (Ed.), Advances in Microbial Control. Kluwer Academic Publisher, Amsterdam, pp. 181–91.
- Ekesi, S., N. K. Maniania, I. Onu & B. Löhr, (1998). Pathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungi (Hyphomycetes) to the legume flower thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti (Trybom) (Thysan., Thripidae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 122(1‐5): 629-634.
- Er, M.K., (2003). Tarımda zararlı böceklerin mücadelesinde entomopatojen fungusların kullanımı. GAP III. Tarım Kongresi, 02-03 Ekim 2003, Şanlıurfa, 399-402.
- Erler, F. & Ates, A.O., (2015). Potential of two entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, as biological control agents against the June beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Journal of Insect Science, 15: 44.
- Erler, F., Ates, A.O. & Yahar, B., (2013). Evaluation of two entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, for the control of carmine spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus under greenhouse conditions. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 23(2): 233-240.
- Erler, F., Pradier, T. & Aciloglu, B., (2014). Field evaluation of an entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium brunneum strain F52, against pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyri. Pest Management Science, 70(3): 496-501.
- Fancelli M., A.B. Dias, I.J. Delalibera, S. Cerqueira de Jesus, A. Souza do Nascimento, & S. Oliveira e Silva (2013). Beauveria bassiana Strains for Biological Control of Cosmopolites sordidus (Germ.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Plantain. BioMed Research International, Volume 2013, Article ID 184756, 7s.
- Helyer, N., G. Gill, A. Bywater & R. Chambers, (1992). Elevated humidities for control of chrysanthemum pests with Verticillium lecanii. Pest Management Science, 36(4): 373-378.
- Henderson, C. F. & Tilton, E. W. (1955). Tests with acaricides against the brown wheat mite. Journal of Economic Entomology, 48(2), 157-161.
- Inglis, G. D., Johnson, D. L., & Goettel, M. S. (1997). Effects of temperature and sunlight on mycosis (Beauveria bassiana) of grasshoppers under field conditions. Environmental Entomology, 26, 400-409.
- Kırışık, M. (2021). Batı Çiçek Tripsi Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)’den Entomopatojen Fungus İzolasyonu, Tanılanması Ve Zararlıya Karşı Etkinliklerinin Test Edilmesi. (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi). Akdeniz Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Antalya.
- Kütük, H. (2017) Performance of the predator Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on greenhouse eggplants in the absence and presence of pine Pinus brutia (Pinales: Pinaceae) pollen. Entomological Research, 47:263–269. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-5967.12222
- Maniania, N. K., S. Sithanantham, S. Ekesi, K. Ampong-Nyarko, J. Baumgärtner, B. Löhr & C. M. Matoka, (2003). A field trial of the entomogenous fungus Metarhizium anisopliae for control of onion thrips, Thrips tabaci. Crop Protection, 22: 553-559.
- McNeil Jr, D. G. (2005). Fungus fatal to mosquito may aid global war on Malaria. The New York Times, 10.
- Mousavi, E. S., Naderi, D., Kalateh Jari, S., Abdossi, V., & Dehghanzadeh, H. (2017). Efficacy of the Entomopathogenic Fungus, Beauveria bassiana against the Western Flower Thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)(Thysanoptera: Thripidae) under Greenhouse Conditions. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 27(1).
- Sánchez-Peña, S. R., Lara, J. S. J., & Medina, R. F. (2011). Occurrence of entomopathogenic fungi from agricultural and natural ecosystems in Saltillo, Mexico, and their virulence towards thrips and whiteflies. Journal of Insect Science, 11(1), 1.
- Ravensberg, W. J., M. Malais & D. A. Van der Schaaf, (1990). Verticillium lecanii as a microbial insecticide against glasshouse whitefly. In: Brighton Crop Protection Conference, Pests & Diseases-1990. Vol. 1. (pp. 265-268). British Crop Protection Council.
- Shahid, A.A., Rao, A.Q., Bakhsh, A., & Husnain, T., (2012). Entomopathogenic fungi as biological controllers: new insights into their virulence and pathogenicity. Archives of Biological Science Belgrade, 64(1): 21-42.
- TAGEM (2023). https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/TAGEM/Menu/28/Yayinlar_veriler. Erişim tarihi:19.08.2023.
- Topuz, E., Erler, F., & Gumrukcu, E. (2016). Survey of indigenous entomopathogenic fungi and evaluation of their pathogenicity against the carmine spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisd.), and the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) biotype B. Pest management science, 72(12), 2273-2279.
- Uçak, H., İ. Karaca & Ö. Güven, (2014). Bazı biyopestisitlerin Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thripidae: Thysanoptera)’e etkileri. Türkiye Biyolojik Mücadele Dergisi, 5(2): 137-148.
- Ulmann, D. E., Sherwood, J. L., & German, T. L. (1997). Thrips As Vectors of Plant Pathogens, pp 539-565. (T.LEWIS, editör), Thrips As Crop Pest. CAB International, United Kingdom.
- Vestergaard, S., A. T. Gillespie, T. M. Butt, G. Schreiter & J. Eilenberg, 1995. Pathogenicity of the hyphomycete fungi Verticillium lecanii and Metarhizium anisopliae to the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis. Biocontrol Science & Technology, 5(2): 185-192.
- Wetering, F.V.D., Hoek, M.V.D., Goldbach, R., Mollema, C. & Peters, D. (1999) Variation in tospovirus transmission between populations of Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Bulletin of Entomological Researchs, 89:579–588. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485399000735.
- Zahn, D.K., & Morse, J.G., (2013). Investigating alternatives to traditional insecticides: effectiveness of entomopathogenic fungi and Bacillus thuringiensis against citrus thrips and avocado thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 106(1): 64-72.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Ziraat Mühendisliği (Diğer) |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | 120O696 |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 26 Eylül 2023 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 27 Eylül 2023 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 12 Haziran 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Cilt: 27 Sayı: 3 |
Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler
Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimi Dergisi, Creative Commons Atıf –Gayrı Ticari 4.0 Uluslararası (CC BY-NC 4.0) Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.