Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Chemical composition and biological activities of essential oils and extract of Eucalyptus citriodora Hook

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 394 - 407

Bihter Şahin Cansel Cakır Yusuf Sıcak Mehmet Öztürk

https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1384581

Öz

In this study, the leaves of Eucalyptus citriodora Hook (Lemon-Scented Eucalyptus) were harvested and collected from Üzümlü neighborhood of Fethiye district of Muğla in 2021. Chemical content analysis of steam distillation and hydrodistillation of essential oils were determined by GC-MS, while phenolic content of methanol extract was determined by HPLC-DAD. Antioxidant activities of essential oils and methanol extracts were determined by DPPH radical removal, ABTS cation removal, β-carotene linoleic acid, and CUPRAC activity methods; Anticholinesterase activity against AChE and BChE enzymes was determined by Ellman method; and tyrosinase inhibition associated with melanin hyperpigmentation, α-amylase inhibition, and α-glucosidase inhibition activities associated with diabetes were determined as an in vitro. The bioactivities and chemical contents of E. citriodora species, a great value of, Türkiye, were determined, bringing new natural products to organic chemistry. As a result of the study, new bioactive extracts would be obtained and thus, they can effectively reveal the potential of new business opportunities. Since methanol extract is effective against incurable diseases such as Alzheimer's and diabetes, it will also be possible to develop therapeutics of such diseases by investigating the advanced chemistry and in vivo activities of the extracts with new projects.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Eucalyptus citriodora Antioxidant activity HPLC-DAD Chemical content

Etik Beyan

-

Destekleyen Kurum

BANDIRMA ONYEDİ EYLÜL ÜNİVERSİTESİ

Proje Numarası

BAP-21-1004-005

Teşekkür

This study was supported by Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit with the project numbered BAP-21-1004-005. I would like to thanks Prof. Dr. Bünyamin Söğüt from Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University for her support in the completion of my experimental studies.

Kaynakça

  • Ak Sakallı, E., Teralı, K., & Karadağ, A.E., (2022). In vitro and in silico evaluation of ACE2 and LOX inhibitory activity of Eucalyptus essential oils, 1,8-Cineole, and citronellal. Natural Product Communications, 17(6), 1 8. https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578X221109409
  • Almeida, I.F., Fernandes, E. Lima, J.L., Valentao, P., Andrade, P.B., Seabra, R.M., Costa, P.C., & Bahia, M.F. (2009). Oxygen and nitrogen reactive species are effectively scavenged by Eucalyptus globulus leaf water extract. Journal of Medicinal Food, 12, 175-183.
  • Al-Sayed, E., Singab, A.-N., Ayoub, N., Martiskainen, O., Sinkkonen, J., & Pihlaja, K. (2012). HPLC–PDA–ESI–MS/MSprofiling and chemopreventive potential of Eucalyptus gomphocephala DC. Food Chemistry, 133, 1017-1024.
  • Ansari, P., Flatt, P.R., Harriott, P., & Abdel-Wahab, Y.H.A. (2021). Insulinotropic and antidiabetic properties of Eucalyptus citriodora leaves and isolation of bioactive phytomolecules. The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 73(8), 1049-1061. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpp/rgab030
  • Batish, D.R., Singh, H.P., Kohli, R.K., & Kaur, S. (2008). Eucalyptus essential oil as a natural pesticide. Forest Ecology and Management, 256, 2166 2174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.08.008
  • Bello, M., Jiddah-kazeem, B., Fatoki, T.H., Ibukun, E.O., & Akinmoladun, A.C. (2021). Antioxidant property of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Extracts and inhibitory activities on carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes related to type-2 diabetes. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 36, 102111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102111
  • Benso, B., Lespay-Rebolledo, C., Flores, L., Zárraga, M., & Brauchi, S. (2018). Chalcones derivatives as potent inhibitors of TRPV1 activity. Biophysical Journal, 114(3), 483a. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2017.11.2655
  • Brooker, M. I. H., & Kleinig, D. A. (2004). Field guide to Eucalypts (2nd ed.), Vol. 3, Bloomings Books Northern Australia. Melbourne, Australia.
  • Dubey, P. (2023). Chapter 13 - Tea catechins as potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents: possibilities of drug development to promote healthy aging. Plant Bioactives as Natural Panacea Against Age Induced Diseases, 13, 253 269. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-90581-7.00017-7
  • Grina, F., Ullah, Z., Kaplaner, E., Moujahid, A., Eddoha, R., & Nasser, B., [xxx], Essamadi, A. (2020). In vitro enzyme inhibitory properties, antioxidant activities, and phytochemical fingerprints of five Moroccan seaweeds. South African Journal of Botany, 128, 152–160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2019.10.021
  • Gupta, M., Karmakar, N., Sasmal, S., Chowdhury, S., & Biswas, S. (2016). Free radical scavenging activity of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. measured by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), ABTS bleaching assay (αTEAC), DPPH assay and peroxyl radical antioxidant assay. International Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 4(2), 235. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijpt.v4i2.6578
  • Habila, N., Agbaji, A.S., Ladan, Z., Bello, I.A., Haruna, E., & Dakare, M.A. (2010). Evaluation of in vitro activity of essential oils against Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Trypanosoma evansi. Journal of Parasitology Research, 534601(1 5). https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/534601
  • İşman, M.B. (2000). Plant essential oils for pest and disease management. Crop Protection, 19, 603-608.
  • Kim, J.S., Kwon, C.S., & Son, K.H. (2000). Inhibition of α-glucosidase and amylase by luteolin, a flavonoid. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, 64, 2458 2461. https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.64.2458
  • Kohli, R.K., Batish, D., & Singh, H.P. (1998). Eucalypt oils for the control of parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus L.). Crop Protection, 17, 119 122. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-2194(97)00095-1
  • Kozłowska, M., Gruczyńska, E., Ścibisz, I., & Rudzińska, M. (2016). Fatty acids and sterols composition, and antioxidant activity of oils extracted from plant seeds. Food Chemistry, 213, 450–456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.06.102
  • Lee, Y.-S., Kim, J., Shin, S.-C., Lee, S.-G., & Park, I.-K. (2008). Antifungal activity of Myrtaceae essential oils and their components against three phytopathogenic fungi. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 23(1), 23–28. https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1850
  • Lin, Q.-M., Wang, Y., Yu, J.-H., Liu, Y.-L., Wu, X., He, X.-R., & Zhou, Z.-W. (2019). Tyrosinase inhibitors from the leaves of Eucalyptus globulus. Fitoterapia, 139, 104418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104418
  • Maryam, S., Pratama, R., Effendi, N., & Naid, T. (2016). Analisis Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Yodium (Jatropha multifida L.) DENGAN Metode Cupric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC). Journal Fitofarmaka Indonesia, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.33096/jffi.v2i1.185
  • Santos, S.A.O., Villaverde, J.J., Freire, C.S.R., Domingues, M.R.M., Neto, C.P., & Silvestre, A.J.D. (2012). Phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of Eucalyptus grandis, E. urograndis (E. grandis×E. urophylla) and E. maidenii bark extracts. Industrial Crops and Products, 39, 120–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.02.003
  • Öztürk, M., Tel, G., Öztürk, F.A., & Duru, M.E. (2014). The cooking effect on two edible mushrooms in Anatolia: fatty acid composition, total bioactive compounds, antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities. Records of Natural Products, 8(2),189-194.
  • Quan, N.V., Xuan, T.D., Tran, H.D., Thuy, N.T.D., Trang, L.T., Huong, C.T., Andriana, Y., & Tuyen, P.T. (2019). Antioxidant, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities and potential constituents of Canarium tramdenum Bark. Molecules, 24, 605 618. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24030605
  • Ramezani, H., Singh, H.P., Batish, D.R., Kohli, R.K. (2002). Antifungal activity of the volatile oil of Eucalyptus citriodora. Fitoterapia, 73, 261-262. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0367-326x(02)00065-5
  • Ramezani, H., Singh, H.P., Batish, D.R. et al. (2002). Fungicidal effect of volatile oils from Eucalyptus citriodora and its major constituent citrionellal. New Zealand Plant Protection, 55, 57-62. https://doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2002.55.3900
  • Remmal, A., Achahbar, S., & Bouddine, L. (2013). Oocysticidal effect of essential oil components against chicken Eimeria oocysts. International Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 8, 599816. https://doi.org/10.5171/2013.599816
  • Sabiu, S., & Ashafa, A.O.T. (2016). Membrane stabilization and kinetics of carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes (α -amylase and α-glucosidase) inhibitory potentials of Eucalyptus obliqua L.Her. (Myrtaceae) Blakely ethanolic leaf extract: An in vitro assessment. South African Journal of Botany, 105, 264–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2016.04.007
  • Seyoum, A., Killeen, G.F., Kabiru, E.W., Knols, B.G.J., & Hassanali, A. (2003). Field efficacy of thermally expelled or live potted repellent plants against African malaria vectors in western Kenya. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 8, 1005 1011. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-2276.2003.01125.x
  • Silva, J., Abebe, W., Sousa, S.M., Duarte, V.G., Machado, M.I.L., & Matos, F.J.A. (2003). Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of essential oils of Eucalyptus. Bioresource Technology, 89, 277-283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2003.09.007
  • Singh, H.P., Batish, D.R., Setia, N., & Kohli, R.K. (2005). Herbicidal activity of volatile oils from Eucalyptus citriodora against Parthenium hysterophorus. Annals of Applied Biology, 146, 89-94. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2005.04018.x
  • Singh, H.P., Kaur, S., Negi, K., Kumari, S., Saini, V., Batish, D. R., & Kohli, R. K. (2012). Assessment of in vitro antioxidant activity of essential oil of Eucalyptus citriodora (lemon-scented Eucalypt; Myrtaceae) and its major constituents. LWT - Food Science and Technology, 48(2), 237-241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2012.03.019
  • Tokul Ölmez, Ö., Şahin, B., Çakır, C., & Öztürk, M. (2020). Rapid and easy method for simultaneous measurement of widespread 27 compounds in natural products and foods. Journal of Chemical Metrology, 14(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.25135/jcm.38.20.03.1589
  • Truong, V.L., & Jeong, W.S. (2022). Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory roles of tea polyphenols in inflammatory bowel diseases. Food Science and Human Wellness, 11(3), 502-511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fshw.2021.12.008
  • Vázquez, G., Santos, J., Freire, M.S., Antorrena, G., & González-Álvarez, J. (2012). Extraction of antioxidants from Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) bark. Wood Science and Technology, 46, 443-457. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00226-011-0418-y

Chemical composition and biological activities of essential oils and extract of Eucalyptus citriodora Hook

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 394 - 407

Bihter Şahin Cansel Cakır Yusuf Sıcak Mehmet Öztürk

https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1384581

Öz

In this study, the leaves of Eucalyptus citriodora Hook (Lemon-Scented Eucalyptus) were harvested and collected from Üzümlü neighborhood of Fethiye district of Muğla in 2021. Chemical content analysis of steam distillation and hydrodistillation of essential oils were determined by GC-MS, while phenolic content of methanol extract was determined by HPLC-DAD. Antioxidant activities of essential oils and methanol extracts were determined by DPPH radical removal, ABTS cation removal, β-carotene linoleic acid, and CUPRAC activity methods; Anticholinesterase activity against AChE and BChE enzymes was determined by Ellman method; and tyrosinase inhibition associated with melanin hyperpigmentation, α-amylase inhibition, and α-glucosidase inhibition activities associated with diabetes were determined as an in vitro. The bioactivities and chemical contents of E. citriodora species, a great value of, Türkiye, were determined, bringing new natural products to organic chemistry. As a result of the study, new bioactive extracts would be obtained and thus, they can effectively reveal the potential of new business opportunities. Since methanol extract is effective against incurable diseases such as Alzheimer's and diabetes, it will also be possible to develop therapeutics of such diseases by investigating the advanced chemistry and in vivo activities of the extracts with new projects.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Eucalyptus citriodora Antioxidant activity HPLC-DAD Chemical content

Proje Numarası

BAP-21-1004-005

Kaynakça

  • Ak Sakallı, E., Teralı, K., & Karadağ, A.E., (2022). In vitro and in silico evaluation of ACE2 and LOX inhibitory activity of Eucalyptus essential oils, 1,8-Cineole, and citronellal. Natural Product Communications, 17(6), 1 8. https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578X221109409
  • Almeida, I.F., Fernandes, E. Lima, J.L., Valentao, P., Andrade, P.B., Seabra, R.M., Costa, P.C., & Bahia, M.F. (2009). Oxygen and nitrogen reactive species are effectively scavenged by Eucalyptus globulus leaf water extract. Journal of Medicinal Food, 12, 175-183.
  • Al-Sayed, E., Singab, A.-N., Ayoub, N., Martiskainen, O., Sinkkonen, J., & Pihlaja, K. (2012). HPLC–PDA–ESI–MS/MSprofiling and chemopreventive potential of Eucalyptus gomphocephala DC. Food Chemistry, 133, 1017-1024.
  • Ansari, P., Flatt, P.R., Harriott, P., & Abdel-Wahab, Y.H.A. (2021). Insulinotropic and antidiabetic properties of Eucalyptus citriodora leaves and isolation of bioactive phytomolecules. The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 73(8), 1049-1061. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpp/rgab030
  • Batish, D.R., Singh, H.P., Kohli, R.K., & Kaur, S. (2008). Eucalyptus essential oil as a natural pesticide. Forest Ecology and Management, 256, 2166 2174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.08.008
  • Bello, M., Jiddah-kazeem, B., Fatoki, T.H., Ibukun, E.O., & Akinmoladun, A.C. (2021). Antioxidant property of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Extracts and inhibitory activities on carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes related to type-2 diabetes. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 36, 102111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102111
  • Benso, B., Lespay-Rebolledo, C., Flores, L., Zárraga, M., & Brauchi, S. (2018). Chalcones derivatives as potent inhibitors of TRPV1 activity. Biophysical Journal, 114(3), 483a. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2017.11.2655
  • Brooker, M. I. H., & Kleinig, D. A. (2004). Field guide to Eucalypts (2nd ed.), Vol. 3, Bloomings Books Northern Australia. Melbourne, Australia.
  • Dubey, P. (2023). Chapter 13 - Tea catechins as potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents: possibilities of drug development to promote healthy aging. Plant Bioactives as Natural Panacea Against Age Induced Diseases, 13, 253 269. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-90581-7.00017-7
  • Grina, F., Ullah, Z., Kaplaner, E., Moujahid, A., Eddoha, R., & Nasser, B., [xxx], Essamadi, A. (2020). In vitro enzyme inhibitory properties, antioxidant activities, and phytochemical fingerprints of five Moroccan seaweeds. South African Journal of Botany, 128, 152–160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2019.10.021
  • Gupta, M., Karmakar, N., Sasmal, S., Chowdhury, S., & Biswas, S. (2016). Free radical scavenging activity of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. measured by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), ABTS bleaching assay (αTEAC), DPPH assay and peroxyl radical antioxidant assay. International Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 4(2), 235. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijpt.v4i2.6578
  • Habila, N., Agbaji, A.S., Ladan, Z., Bello, I.A., Haruna, E., & Dakare, M.A. (2010). Evaluation of in vitro activity of essential oils against Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Trypanosoma evansi. Journal of Parasitology Research, 534601(1 5). https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/534601
  • İşman, M.B. (2000). Plant essential oils for pest and disease management. Crop Protection, 19, 603-608.
  • Kim, J.S., Kwon, C.S., & Son, K.H. (2000). Inhibition of α-glucosidase and amylase by luteolin, a flavonoid. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, 64, 2458 2461. https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.64.2458
  • Kohli, R.K., Batish, D., & Singh, H.P. (1998). Eucalypt oils for the control of parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus L.). Crop Protection, 17, 119 122. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-2194(97)00095-1
  • Kozłowska, M., Gruczyńska, E., Ścibisz, I., & Rudzińska, M. (2016). Fatty acids and sterols composition, and antioxidant activity of oils extracted from plant seeds. Food Chemistry, 213, 450–456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.06.102
  • Lee, Y.-S., Kim, J., Shin, S.-C., Lee, S.-G., & Park, I.-K. (2008). Antifungal activity of Myrtaceae essential oils and their components against three phytopathogenic fungi. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 23(1), 23–28. https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1850
  • Lin, Q.-M., Wang, Y., Yu, J.-H., Liu, Y.-L., Wu, X., He, X.-R., & Zhou, Z.-W. (2019). Tyrosinase inhibitors from the leaves of Eucalyptus globulus. Fitoterapia, 139, 104418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104418
  • Maryam, S., Pratama, R., Effendi, N., & Naid, T. (2016). Analisis Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Yodium (Jatropha multifida L.) DENGAN Metode Cupric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC). Journal Fitofarmaka Indonesia, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.33096/jffi.v2i1.185
  • Santos, S.A.O., Villaverde, J.J., Freire, C.S.R., Domingues, M.R.M., Neto, C.P., & Silvestre, A.J.D. (2012). Phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of Eucalyptus grandis, E. urograndis (E. grandis×E. urophylla) and E. maidenii bark extracts. Industrial Crops and Products, 39, 120–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.02.003
  • Öztürk, M., Tel, G., Öztürk, F.A., & Duru, M.E. (2014). The cooking effect on two edible mushrooms in Anatolia: fatty acid composition, total bioactive compounds, antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities. Records of Natural Products, 8(2),189-194.
  • Quan, N.V., Xuan, T.D., Tran, H.D., Thuy, N.T.D., Trang, L.T., Huong, C.T., Andriana, Y., & Tuyen, P.T. (2019). Antioxidant, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities and potential constituents of Canarium tramdenum Bark. Molecules, 24, 605 618. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24030605
  • Ramezani, H., Singh, H.P., Batish, D.R., Kohli, R.K. (2002). Antifungal activity of the volatile oil of Eucalyptus citriodora. Fitoterapia, 73, 261-262. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0367-326x(02)00065-5
  • Ramezani, H., Singh, H.P., Batish, D.R. et al. (2002). Fungicidal effect of volatile oils from Eucalyptus citriodora and its major constituent citrionellal. New Zealand Plant Protection, 55, 57-62. https://doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2002.55.3900
  • Remmal, A., Achahbar, S., & Bouddine, L. (2013). Oocysticidal effect of essential oil components against chicken Eimeria oocysts. International Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 8, 599816. https://doi.org/10.5171/2013.599816
  • Sabiu, S., & Ashafa, A.O.T. (2016). Membrane stabilization and kinetics of carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes (α -amylase and α-glucosidase) inhibitory potentials of Eucalyptus obliqua L.Her. (Myrtaceae) Blakely ethanolic leaf extract: An in vitro assessment. South African Journal of Botany, 105, 264–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2016.04.007
  • Seyoum, A., Killeen, G.F., Kabiru, E.W., Knols, B.G.J., & Hassanali, A. (2003). Field efficacy of thermally expelled or live potted repellent plants against African malaria vectors in western Kenya. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 8, 1005 1011. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-2276.2003.01125.x
  • Silva, J., Abebe, W., Sousa, S.M., Duarte, V.G., Machado, M.I.L., & Matos, F.J.A. (2003). Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of essential oils of Eucalyptus. Bioresource Technology, 89, 277-283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2003.09.007
  • Singh, H.P., Batish, D.R., Setia, N., & Kohli, R.K. (2005). Herbicidal activity of volatile oils from Eucalyptus citriodora against Parthenium hysterophorus. Annals of Applied Biology, 146, 89-94. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2005.04018.x
  • Singh, H.P., Kaur, S., Negi, K., Kumari, S., Saini, V., Batish, D. R., & Kohli, R. K. (2012). Assessment of in vitro antioxidant activity of essential oil of Eucalyptus citriodora (lemon-scented Eucalypt; Myrtaceae) and its major constituents. LWT - Food Science and Technology, 48(2), 237-241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2012.03.019
  • Tokul Ölmez, Ö., Şahin, B., Çakır, C., & Öztürk, M. (2020). Rapid and easy method for simultaneous measurement of widespread 27 compounds in natural products and foods. Journal of Chemical Metrology, 14(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.25135/jcm.38.20.03.1589
  • Truong, V.L., & Jeong, W.S. (2022). Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory roles of tea polyphenols in inflammatory bowel diseases. Food Science and Human Wellness, 11(3), 502-511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fshw.2021.12.008
  • Vázquez, G., Santos, J., Freire, M.S., Antorrena, G., & González-Álvarez, J. (2012). Extraction of antioxidants from Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) bark. Wood Science and Technology, 46, 443-457. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00226-011-0418-y
Toplam 33 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Doğal Ürünler ve Biyoaktif Bileşikler
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Bihter Şahin Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-8657-052X

Cansel Cakır 0000-0002-6175-9008

Yusuf Sıcak 0000-0003-2339-5837

Mehmet Öztürk 0000-0001-8932-4535

Proje Numarası BAP-21-1004-005
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 27 Nisan 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Kasım 2023
Kabul Tarihi 21 Şubat 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Şahin, B., Cakır, C., Sıcak, Y., Öztürk, M. (2024). Chemical composition and biological activities of essential oils and extract of Eucalyptus citriodora Hook. International Journal of Secondary Metabolite, 11(2), 394-407. https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1384581
International Journal of Secondary Metabolite
e-ISSN: 2148-6905