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Testing Novel Eubiotic Additives: Its Health and Performance Effects in Commercially Raised Farm Animals

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 4, 297 - 308, 31.12.2017

Öz

A microbial fermentation process was developed to produce three eubiotic products containing

probiotics, organic acids, enzymes, organic vitamins and minerals. The studies were carried out from 2015 to 2017.

One product was specifically added with ground leaves of essential oil plant at the end of fermentation. As a result

of this study, a dose of Eubiotic 1 ranging from 0.02 to 0.1% of diet remarkably increased egg yield and egg weight

of laying hens. A daily increase of 1 to 3 kg milk per cow with no increase in dry matter intakes was obtained from

a dose of 15 g eubiotic 1 per head per day in several farm trials. Calves had a 15 g Eubiotic 2 in warm milk grew

faster than those given no supplement in milk. Calves and lambs having a severe level of diarrhea provided with

15 g supplement of eubiotic 2 in milk showed no sign of diarrhea after 6 or 24 h. Dairy cows and beef cattle having

severe and acute metabolic disorders administrated with a dose of 75 g eubiotic 2 per cow per twice a day had no

signs of such disorders in 24 h. Meat-type broiler chickens and quails given a diet of 0.5% supplement produced

more profitable meat than those birds had no supplement. A 250 g live weigh gain with better feed conversion

ratio (FCR) was obtained from the fattening beef cattle given a 20 g/day/head of eubiotic 2. Eubiotic mixture 3

was a silage additive and added to approximately 10.000 tonnes of corn silages and then the maturation of silage

occurred in 15 to 30 days. It was concluded that these beneficial effects were mainly due to the combination of

various active agents, and the proposed dosages were 0.5% in broiler diet, 200-1000 mg/kg of laying hens, 30 g/

head in dairy cows.

Kaynakça

  • Ambriz-Vilchis V, Jessop NS, Fawcett, RH, Webstre M, Shaw DC, Walker N, Macrea Al, 2017. Effect of yeast supplementation on performance, rumination time, and rumen pH of dairy cows in commercial farm environments. J Dairy Sci., 7:5449-5461
  • Ayaşan T, 2016. Efficacy of probiotic supplementation on growth performance and carcass traits in Japanese Quails (Coturnix coturnix Japonica). Indian J Anim Sci, 86: 795-798.
  • Beharka AA, Nagaraja TG, Morrill JL, 1990. Ruminal microbial and metabolic development in young calves fed calf starter supplemented with Aspergillus oryzaeextract. J. Dairy Sci., 73 (Suppl. 1), 220.
  • Elala N. M. A. and Ragaa N. M., 2015., Eubiotic effect of a dietary acidifier (potassium diformate) on the health status of cultured Oreochromis niloticus, In Journal of Advanced Research, 6: 621-629.
  • Ely DG, Ragland KK, Johns JT, Aaron DK, 1990. Amaferm supplementation to steers grazing tall fescue. J. Anim. Sci., 68 (Suppl. 1), 31.
  • Fallah R, 2016. Productive performance, carcass trait and blood parameters of broiler chickens fed different levels of dried whey and protexin probiotic. International Journal of Basic Sciences & Applied Research, 5: 240-247
  • Fallon RJ, Harte FJ, 1987. The effect of yeast culture inclusion in the concentrate diet on calf performance. J. Dairy Sci., 70 (Suppl. 1), 119.
  • Fascina, Vitor Barbosa, Sartori, José Roberto, Gonzales, Elisabeth, Carvalho, Fabyola Barros de, Souza, Ivan Mailinch Gonçalves Pereira de, Polycarpo, Gustavo do Valle, Stradiotti, Ana Cristina, & Pelícia, Vanessa Cristina., 2012. Phytogenic additives and organic acids in broiler chicken diets. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 41: 2189-2197
  • Gao J, Zhang HJ, Yu SH, Wu SG, Yoon I, Quigley J, Gao YP, Qi GH, 2008. Effects of yeast culture in broiler diets on performance and immunomodulatory functions. Poultry Science 87:1377-1384.
  • Gencoglu HRD, Shaver W, Steinberg J, Ensink LF, Ferraretto S. J, Bertics JC, Lopes MS, 2010. Akins Effect of feeding a reduced-starch diet with or without amylase addition on lactation performance in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 93:723–732
  • Haldar S, Ghosh TK, Toshiwati, Bedford MR, 2011. Effects of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and yeast protein concentrate on production performance of broiler chickens exposed to heat stress and challenged with Salmonella enteritidis. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 168:61-71.
  • Hughes J, 1988. The effect of a high strength yeast culture in the diet of early weaned calves. Anim. Prod., 46: 526.
  • Jiang Z, Mohln M, Schatzmayr G, Applegate TJ, 2010. Net effect of an acute phase response – partial alleviation with probiotic supplementation. Poult. Sci. 89:28-33.
  • Kim, I. H., 2017. (23/10/2017 accessed date). https://www.dsm.com/content/dam/dsm/anh/en_US/documents/Combinations_of_different_Eubiotics_do_they_work.pdf
  • Kulshreshtha G, Rathgeber B, MacIsaac J, Boulianne M, Brigitte L, Stratton G, Thomas NA, Critchley AT, Hafting J and Prithiviraj B., 2017 Feed Supplementation with Red Seaweeds, Chondrus crispus and Sarcodiotheca gaudichaudii, Reduce Salmonella Enteritidis in Laying Hens. Front. Microbiol (open journal). 8:567. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00567
  • Lee KW, Everts H, Beynen AC, 2004. Essential Oils in Broiler Nutrition. International Journal of Poultry Science 3: 738-752.
  • Moallem U, Lehrer H, Livshitz L, Zachut M, Yaboly S, 2010. The effects of live yeast supplementation to dairy cows during the hot season on production, feed efficiency, and digestibility. Journal of Dairy Science, 92: 343-351.
  • NRC, 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th rev. ed. National Academic Press, Washington, DC, USA.
  • Pan D, Yu Z, 2014. Intestinal microbiome of poultry and its interaction with host and diet. Gut Microbes, 5: 108–119. http://doi.org/10.4161/gmic.26945.
  • Pandey KR, Naik S R, Vakil BV, 2015. Probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics- a review. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 52: 7577–7587.
  • Polycarpo G.V, Anretta I, Kipper M, Cruz-Polycarpo V C, Dadalt J C, Rodrigues P H M, Albuquerque R, 2017. Meta-analytic study of organic acids as an alternative performance-enhancing feed additive to antibiotics for broiler chickens. Poult Sci., 96: 3645-3653.
  • Ragaa and Korany, 2016. Studying the effect of formic acid and potassium diformate on performance, immunity and gut health of broiler chickens. Animal Nutrition, 2: 296-302
  • Reisinger N, Ganner A, Masching S, Schatzmayr G, Applegate TJ, 2012. Efficacy of a yeast derivative on broiler performance, intestinal morphology and blood profile. Livestock Science, 143:195-200.
  • Sarica S, Corduk M, Yarim GF, Yenisehirli G, Karatas U, 2009. Effects of novel feed additives in wheat based diets on performance, carcass and intestinal tract characteristics of quail. South African Journal of Animal Science, 39:144-157.
  • Seymour WM, Nocek, JE. Siciliano-Jones J, 1995. Effects of a colostrum substitute and of dietary brewer’s yeast on health and performance of dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science, 78: 412–420.
  • SPSS, 2006. Computer software SPSS Inc. Headquarters, Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
  • Weiss WP, Steinberg W, Engstrom MA, 2011. Milk production and nutrient digestibility by dairy cows when fed exogenous amylase with coarsely ground dry corn. Journal of Dairy Science, 94: 2492-2499
  • Yasar S, Desen E, 2014. Efficacy of a feed probiotic bacteria (Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415), spore (Bacillus subtilis ATCC PTA-6737) and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in Japanese quails. Bulletin UASVM Animal Science and Biotechnology, 71:63-70.
  • Yasar S, Gok M S, GurbuzY., (2016). Performance of broilers fed raw or fermented and redried wheat, barley, and oat grains. Turk J Vet Anim Sci., 40: 313-322.
  • Zhang MM, Cheng JQ, Lu YR, Yi ZH, Yang P, Wu XT. 2010. Use of pre-, pro-and synbiotics in patients with acute pancreatitis: a meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol: WJG. 16: 3970.

Yeni Eubiyotik Katkı Madde Testleri: Ticari Çiftlik Koşullarında Sağlık ve Verim Üzerine Etkiler

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 4, 297 - 308, 31.12.2017

Öz

Bu çalışmada mikrobiyal fermentasyon ile canlı probiyotik, organik asit, enzimler ile organik kökenli
vitamin ve mineral maddeler içeren üç yeni eubiyotik katkı maddesi geliştirilmiştir. Araştırmalar 2015-2017
yılları arasında yürütülmüştür. Bunlardan birisi, özellikle fermentasyon sonunda katılan esansiyel ekstrakt kaynağı
olarak öğütülmüş bitki içermektedir. Yumurtacı tavukların karma yemlerine %0,02 ile %0,1 arasında eubiyotik 1
katkısının yumurta verimi ve yumurta ağırlığı önemli şekilde artırdığı görülmüştür. Farklı işletmelerde barındırılan
süt sığırlarına aynı katkıdan günde 15 gram (bir dizi ön test sonuçlarına göre bu doz etkili olmuştur) yedirildiğinde
ise 1-3 kg arasında inek başına süt verimi artışı sağlanmıştır. Yeni doğan buzağılara sütle 15 g yedirildiğinde daha
hızlı büyüme sağlanmış, ishal olan kuzu ve buzağılarda ishal vakasına 6 ile 24 saat içerisinde rastlanılmamıştır.
Metabolik rahatsızlıklara sahip ergin sığırlara günde iki kere 75 g’lık doz su veya süt ile verildiğinde hayvanlar eski
sağlık durumlarına 24 saat içerisinde girmiştir. Eubiyotik 1 karşımından et tipi piliçlere %0.5-1.0 dozlarında rasyon
ile verildiğinde ise yemden yararlanma ve büyüme hızı önemli derece artmıştır. Et sığırlarına günde 20 g eubiyotik 2
karışımı verildiğinde günlük canlı ağırlık artışında 250 g daha fazla kazanç sağlanmıştır. Eubiyotik 3 karışımı 10.000
ton mısır silajına katıldığında silajlar 15 ile 30 gün içerisinde olgunluğa ulaşmıştır. Tüm bu yararlı etkilerin bu yeni
ürünlerin değişik aktif maddeler içermesinden kaynaklandığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca, bu ürünler tamamen
doğal kökenli ve hiçbir zararlı etkisine rastlanılmamış olup en faydalı dozların etlik piliçlerde rasyonun %0.5,
yumurtacı rasyonlarında 200-1000 mg/kg, süt ineklerinde günde 30 g/baş, buzağı ve genç hayvanlarda 15 g/baş,
metabolic rahatsızlıklarda 75 g/baş ve silaj katkı maddesi olarak ton başına 1 g olarak tespit edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Ambriz-Vilchis V, Jessop NS, Fawcett, RH, Webstre M, Shaw DC, Walker N, Macrea Al, 2017. Effect of yeast supplementation on performance, rumination time, and rumen pH of dairy cows in commercial farm environments. J Dairy Sci., 7:5449-5461
  • Ayaşan T, 2016. Efficacy of probiotic supplementation on growth performance and carcass traits in Japanese Quails (Coturnix coturnix Japonica). Indian J Anim Sci, 86: 795-798.
  • Beharka AA, Nagaraja TG, Morrill JL, 1990. Ruminal microbial and metabolic development in young calves fed calf starter supplemented with Aspergillus oryzaeextract. J. Dairy Sci., 73 (Suppl. 1), 220.
  • Elala N. M. A. and Ragaa N. M., 2015., Eubiotic effect of a dietary acidifier (potassium diformate) on the health status of cultured Oreochromis niloticus, In Journal of Advanced Research, 6: 621-629.
  • Ely DG, Ragland KK, Johns JT, Aaron DK, 1990. Amaferm supplementation to steers grazing tall fescue. J. Anim. Sci., 68 (Suppl. 1), 31.
  • Fallah R, 2016. Productive performance, carcass trait and blood parameters of broiler chickens fed different levels of dried whey and protexin probiotic. International Journal of Basic Sciences & Applied Research, 5: 240-247
  • Fallon RJ, Harte FJ, 1987. The effect of yeast culture inclusion in the concentrate diet on calf performance. J. Dairy Sci., 70 (Suppl. 1), 119.
  • Fascina, Vitor Barbosa, Sartori, José Roberto, Gonzales, Elisabeth, Carvalho, Fabyola Barros de, Souza, Ivan Mailinch Gonçalves Pereira de, Polycarpo, Gustavo do Valle, Stradiotti, Ana Cristina, & Pelícia, Vanessa Cristina., 2012. Phytogenic additives and organic acids in broiler chicken diets. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 41: 2189-2197
  • Gao J, Zhang HJ, Yu SH, Wu SG, Yoon I, Quigley J, Gao YP, Qi GH, 2008. Effects of yeast culture in broiler diets on performance and immunomodulatory functions. Poultry Science 87:1377-1384.
  • Gencoglu HRD, Shaver W, Steinberg J, Ensink LF, Ferraretto S. J, Bertics JC, Lopes MS, 2010. Akins Effect of feeding a reduced-starch diet with or without amylase addition on lactation performance in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 93:723–732
  • Haldar S, Ghosh TK, Toshiwati, Bedford MR, 2011. Effects of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and yeast protein concentrate on production performance of broiler chickens exposed to heat stress and challenged with Salmonella enteritidis. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 168:61-71.
  • Hughes J, 1988. The effect of a high strength yeast culture in the diet of early weaned calves. Anim. Prod., 46: 526.
  • Jiang Z, Mohln M, Schatzmayr G, Applegate TJ, 2010. Net effect of an acute phase response – partial alleviation with probiotic supplementation. Poult. Sci. 89:28-33.
  • Kim, I. H., 2017. (23/10/2017 accessed date). https://www.dsm.com/content/dam/dsm/anh/en_US/documents/Combinations_of_different_Eubiotics_do_they_work.pdf
  • Kulshreshtha G, Rathgeber B, MacIsaac J, Boulianne M, Brigitte L, Stratton G, Thomas NA, Critchley AT, Hafting J and Prithiviraj B., 2017 Feed Supplementation with Red Seaweeds, Chondrus crispus and Sarcodiotheca gaudichaudii, Reduce Salmonella Enteritidis in Laying Hens. Front. Microbiol (open journal). 8:567. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00567
  • Lee KW, Everts H, Beynen AC, 2004. Essential Oils in Broiler Nutrition. International Journal of Poultry Science 3: 738-752.
  • Moallem U, Lehrer H, Livshitz L, Zachut M, Yaboly S, 2010. The effects of live yeast supplementation to dairy cows during the hot season on production, feed efficiency, and digestibility. Journal of Dairy Science, 92: 343-351.
  • NRC, 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th rev. ed. National Academic Press, Washington, DC, USA.
  • Pan D, Yu Z, 2014. Intestinal microbiome of poultry and its interaction with host and diet. Gut Microbes, 5: 108–119. http://doi.org/10.4161/gmic.26945.
  • Pandey KR, Naik S R, Vakil BV, 2015. Probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics- a review. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 52: 7577–7587.
  • Polycarpo G.V, Anretta I, Kipper M, Cruz-Polycarpo V C, Dadalt J C, Rodrigues P H M, Albuquerque R, 2017. Meta-analytic study of organic acids as an alternative performance-enhancing feed additive to antibiotics for broiler chickens. Poult Sci., 96: 3645-3653.
  • Ragaa and Korany, 2016. Studying the effect of formic acid and potassium diformate on performance, immunity and gut health of broiler chickens. Animal Nutrition, 2: 296-302
  • Reisinger N, Ganner A, Masching S, Schatzmayr G, Applegate TJ, 2012. Efficacy of a yeast derivative on broiler performance, intestinal morphology and blood profile. Livestock Science, 143:195-200.
  • Sarica S, Corduk M, Yarim GF, Yenisehirli G, Karatas U, 2009. Effects of novel feed additives in wheat based diets on performance, carcass and intestinal tract characteristics of quail. South African Journal of Animal Science, 39:144-157.
  • Seymour WM, Nocek, JE. Siciliano-Jones J, 1995. Effects of a colostrum substitute and of dietary brewer’s yeast on health and performance of dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science, 78: 412–420.
  • SPSS, 2006. Computer software SPSS Inc. Headquarters, Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
  • Weiss WP, Steinberg W, Engstrom MA, 2011. Milk production and nutrient digestibility by dairy cows when fed exogenous amylase with coarsely ground dry corn. Journal of Dairy Science, 94: 2492-2499
  • Yasar S, Desen E, 2014. Efficacy of a feed probiotic bacteria (Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415), spore (Bacillus subtilis ATCC PTA-6737) and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in Japanese quails. Bulletin UASVM Animal Science and Biotechnology, 71:63-70.
  • Yasar S, Gok M S, GurbuzY., (2016). Performance of broilers fed raw or fermented and redried wheat, barley, and oat grains. Turk J Vet Anim Sci., 40: 313-322.
  • Zhang MM, Cheng JQ, Lu YR, Yi ZH, Yang P, Wu XT. 2010. Use of pre-, pro-and synbiotics in patients with acute pancreatitis: a meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol: WJG. 16: 3970.
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Zootekni / Animal Science
Yazarlar

Sulhattin Yaşar

İskender Okutan Bu kişi benim

Ramazan Tosun

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2017
Gönderilme Tarihi 2 Ekim 2017
Kabul Tarihi 27 Ekim 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Yaşar, S., Okutan, İ., & Tosun, R. (2017). Yeni Eubiyotik Katkı Madde Testleri: Ticari Çiftlik Koşullarında Sağlık ve Verim Üzerine Etkiler. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 7(4), 297-308.
AMA Yaşar S, Okutan İ, Tosun R. Yeni Eubiyotik Katkı Madde Testleri: Ticari Çiftlik Koşullarında Sağlık ve Verim Üzerine Etkiler. Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der. Aralık 2017;7(4):297-308.
Chicago Yaşar, Sulhattin, İskender Okutan, ve Ramazan Tosun. “Yeni Eubiyotik Katkı Madde Testleri: Ticari Çiftlik Koşullarında Sağlık Ve Verim Üzerine Etkiler”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 7, sy. 4 (Aralık 2017): 297-308.
EndNote Yaşar S, Okutan İ, Tosun R (01 Aralık 2017) Yeni Eubiyotik Katkı Madde Testleri: Ticari Çiftlik Koşullarında Sağlık ve Verim Üzerine Etkiler. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 7 4 297–308.
IEEE S. Yaşar, İ. Okutan, ve R. Tosun, “Yeni Eubiyotik Katkı Madde Testleri: Ticari Çiftlik Koşullarında Sağlık ve Verim Üzerine Etkiler”, Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der., c. 7, sy. 4, ss. 297–308, 2017.
ISNAD Yaşar, Sulhattin vd. “Yeni Eubiyotik Katkı Madde Testleri: Ticari Çiftlik Koşullarında Sağlık Ve Verim Üzerine Etkiler”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 7/4 (Aralık 2017), 297-308.
JAMA Yaşar S, Okutan İ, Tosun R. Yeni Eubiyotik Katkı Madde Testleri: Ticari Çiftlik Koşullarında Sağlık ve Verim Üzerine Etkiler. Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der. 2017;7:297–308.
MLA Yaşar, Sulhattin vd. “Yeni Eubiyotik Katkı Madde Testleri: Ticari Çiftlik Koşullarında Sağlık Ve Verim Üzerine Etkiler”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, c. 7, sy. 4, 2017, ss. 297-08.
Vancouver Yaşar S, Okutan İ, Tosun R. Yeni Eubiyotik Katkı Madde Testleri: Ticari Çiftlik Koşullarında Sağlık ve Verim Üzerine Etkiler. Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der. 2017;7(4):297-308.