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Molecular Determination of the Presence of Some Grapevine Viruses and Phylogenetic analyses of Grapevine Virus A in Tokat Province Grapevine Area

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 3, 574 - 585, 26.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1124089

Öz

Grapevine (Vitis spp.) is one of the major fruit crop with high socioeconomic importance for Turkey. In vineyards, many harmful organism, especially virus infections, weaken the plant and lead to decreases in yield and quality, so it takes the lead in quarantine and certification. This study was carried out to determine some viral agents that cause yield loss in vines produced in Tokat, where viticulture is very important. Samples were collected from young leaves and one-year-old shoots of grapevines showing virus symptoms from some vineyard areas in Tokat Center and its districts. Collected 189 grapevine samples were subjected to the RT-PCR test, which is a molecular method using virus-specific primers, to detect the presence of Grapevine pinot gris virus (GPGV), Grapevine virus A (GVA), Strawberry latent ringspot virus (SLRSV). Out of a total of 189 plant samples, 80 (42.32%) of GVA, 3 (1.58%) of GPGV were detected and SLRSV (0%) was not detected. More than one virus was found in 2 (1.05%) of 189 tested samples. It was determined that the most common virus was GVA, the least detected virus was GPGV in plant samples collected from Tokat Center and its districts. Bidirectional sequence analysis of RT-PCR products of GVA-infected isolates were performed and phylogenetic analyzes were done by comparing them with reference isolates after they were aligned with the MEGAX computer program. Based on phylogenetic analysis studies, GVA showed differential branching with isolates registered in GenBank and isolates obtained in the study. GVA-infected isolates showed similarity with reference isolates at rates of 92-94%. In this study, molecular analysis of Turkish GVA isolates was performed. This molecular information is important as it will shed light on future studies.

Destekleyen Kurum

Scientific Research Project Unit of Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University

Proje Numarası

2020/17

Kaynakça

  • Akbaş, B., Yurtmen, M., Uzunoğulları, N., Özdemir, S. ve Güneş, S. (2008). Yumuşak ve Sert Çekirdekli, Bağ, Çilek ve Üzümsü Meyve Virüs Hastalıkları (Syf:77‐90; 287‐292): Zirai Mücadele Teknik Talimatları, Cilt 4. Tarımsal Araştırmalar Gen. Md., Bitki Sağlığı Araştırmaları Daire Başkanlığı. Ankara. 388s.
  • Alabi, O. J., Rwahnih, M. A., Mekuria, T. A. and Naidu, R. A. (2014). Genetic Diversity of Grapevine virus A in Washington and California Vineyards. Phytopathology,104: 548–560.
  • Alkowni, R., Digiaro, M. and Savin, V. (1998). Viruses and virus diseases of grapevine in Palestine. EPPO Bulletin, 28(1‐2): 189-195.
  • Alkowni, R., Rowhani, A., Daubert, S. and Golino, D. (2004). Partial characterization of a new ampelovirus associated with grapevine leafroll disease. Journal of Plant Pathology, 86(2): 123-133.
  • Anfoka, G. H., Shahrour, W. and Nakhla, M. K. (2004). Detection and molecular characterization of Grapevine fanleaf virus and Grapevine leaf roll associated virus 3 in Jordan. Journal of Plant Pathology, 86: 203–207.
  • Anonymous (2020). Strawberry latent ringspot “Nepovirus”. http://www.eppo.org. (Accessed Date: 17.09.2020).
  • Balsak, S. C. and Buzkan, N. (2021). Prevalence and genetic variability of grapevine virus A in Turkish autochthonous grapevine varieties. Archives of Virology, 166(3): 943–947.
  • Beuve, M., Candresse, T., Tannieres, M. and Lemaire, O. (2015). First report of Grapevine pinot gris virus (GPGV) in France. Plant Disease, 99: 293.
  • Bora, T., Karaca, İ. (1970). Measurement of Disease and Injury in Cultivated Plants. Ege University, Assistant Textbook, Publication No. 167, Bornova, Izmir, 8.
  • Cho, I. S., Jung, S. M., Cho, J. D., Choi, G. S. and Lim, H. S. (2013). First report of Grapevine Pinot gris virus infecting grapevine in Korea. New Disease Reports, 27: 10.
  • Çiftçi, O., Ulubaş Serçe Ç. and Güler, B. 2015. Survey of grapevine viruses in the east and southeast regions of Turkey. Proceedings of the 18th Congress of ICVG, P.200, 7-11 September, 2015, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Çığşar, İ. (2002). Determination of sanitary status of grapevine in Southeastern Anatolia and Nevşehir province by serological and biological methods and characterization of two new nepoviruses. (PhD. Thesis). Cukurova University. Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences Adana.
  • Değer, E. (2015). Detection of important virus diseases in Hatay and Gaziantep vineyards by serological and molecular techniques. (MSc. Thesis) Mustafa Kemal University. Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Hatay.
  • Digiaro, M., Martelli, G. P. and Savino, V. (1999). Phloem-limited viruses of the grapevine in the Mediterranean and Near East: a synopsis. Options Méditerrranéennes, Ser. B Studies and Research, 29: 83-92.
  • Durgut, M. R. and Arın, S. (2005). Level and problems of trakya region vineyard mechanization. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 2(3): 287-297.
  • Fattouh, F., Ratti, C., El-Ahwany, A. M., Aleem, E. A., Babini, A. R. and Autonell, C. R. (2014). Detection and molecular characterization of Egyptian isolates of grapevine viruses. Acta Virologica, 58(2): 137-145.
  • Foissac, X., Svanella-Dumas, L., Dulucq, M. J., Candresse, T. and Gentit, P. (2001). Polyvalent detection of fruit tree tricho, capillo and foveaviruses by nested RT-PCR using degenerated and inosine containing primers (PDO RT-PCR). Acta Horticulture, 550: 37-43.
  • Gazel, M., Caglayan, K., Elçi, E. and Öztürk, L. (2016). First report of Grapevine Pinot gris virus in grapevine in Turkey. Plant Disease, 100(3): 657.
  • Giampetruzzi, A., Roumi, V., Roberto, R., Malossini, U., Yoshikawa, N., La Notte, P. and Saldarelli, P. (2012). A new grapevine virus discovered by deep sequencing of virus-and viroid-derived small RNAs in Cv Pinot gris. Virus research, 163(1): 262-268.
  • Glasa, M., Predajna, L., Kominek, P., Hagyova, A., Candresse, T. and Olmos, A. (2014). Molecular characterization of divergent Grapevine pinot gris virus and their detection in Slovak and Czech grapevine. Archives of Virology, 159(8) :2103-7.
  • Goszczynski, D. E. and Habili, N. (2012). Grapevine virus A variants of group II associated with Shiraz disease in South Africa are present in plants affected by Australian Shiraz disease, and have also been detected in the USA. Plant Pathology, 61(1): 205-214.
  • Goszczynski, D. E., du Preez J., Burger J. T. (2008). Molecular divergence of Grapevine virus A (GVA) variants associated with Shiraz disease in South Africa. Virus Research, 138: 105–110.
  • Haidar, M. M., Digiaro, M., Khoury, W. and Savino, V. (1996). Viruses and virus diseases of grapevine in Lebanon. EPPO Bulletin, 26(1): 147-153.
  • Ioannou, N. (1993). Occurrence and Natural Spread of Grapevine Leafroll-Associated Clostero viruses in Cyprus. Extended Abstract 11th Meeting ICVG, 111-112. 6-9 September 1993, Montreux, Switzerland.
  • Kaplan, M., Bayhan, E. (2017). Determination of damage rates of Thysanoptera species in some vineyard areas In Mardin Province. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 14(1): 1-8.
  • Kocabağ, H. D., Çağlayan, K. and Gazel, M. (2019). Molecular detection and characterization of new emerging viruses by PCR analysis in Hatay and Tekirdag vineyards. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 7(5): 789-798.
  • Koklu, G., Digiaro, M. and Savino, V. (1998). A survey of grapevine viruses in Turkish Thrace. Phytopathologia Mediterranea, 37: 140-142.
  • Kumar, S., Stecher, G., Tamura, K., Li, M. and Knyaz, C. (2018). MEGA X: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 35(6), 1547–1549.
  • Lamberti, F., Roca, F., Landriscina, S. and Ciancio, A. (1986). Seasonal transmissibility of strawberry latent ringspot virus by Xiphinema diversicaudatum. Nematologia Mediterranean, 14: 173-179.
  • Lister, R. (1964). Strawberry latent ringspot: a new nematode-borne virus. Annals of Applied Biology, 54: 167-176.
  • Malagnini, V., de Lillo, E., Saldarelli, P., Beber, R., Duso, C., Raiola, A., Zanotelli, L., Valenzano, D., Giampetruzzi, A. and Morelli, M. (2016). Transmission of grapevine Pinot gris virus by Colomerus vitis (Acari: Eriophyidae) to grapevine. Archives of Virology, 161(9): 2595–2599.
  • Martin, R. R., Tzanetakis, I. E., Barnes, J. E. and Elmhirst, J. F. (2004). First report of Strawberry latent ringspot virus in strawberry in the United States and Canada. Plant Disease, 88(5): 575.
  • Minafra, A., Mawassi, M., Goszczynski, D. and Saldarelli, P. (2017). Grapevine Vitiviruses. In: Meng B., Martelli G.P., Golino D.A., Fuchs M. Grapevine Viruses: Molecular Biology, Diagnostics and Management.229–256. Springer, Cham.
  • Minafra, A., Russo, M. and Martelli, G. P. (1992) Further studies on the use of molecular probes to grapevine closterovirus A. Vitis, 31: 87–93.
  • Minafra, A., Saldarelli, P., Grieco, F. and Martelli, G. P. (1994). Nucleotide sequence of the 3' terminal region of the RNA of two filamentous grapevine viruses. Archives of Virology, 137: 249-261.
  • Moradi, R., Koolivand, D., Eini, O. and Hajizadeh, M. (2018). Phylogenetic analysis of two Iranian grapevine virus A isolates using coat protein gene sequence. Iranian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, 6(1): 48-57.
  • Mslmanieh, T., Digiaro, M., Elbeaino, T., Boscia, D. and Martelli, G. P. (2006). Viruses of grapevine in Syria. EPPO Bulletin, 36(3): 523-528.
  • Murant, A. F. (1976). Strawberry latent ringspot virus. CMI/AAB Descriptions of Plant Viruses No. 126. Association of Applied Biologists, Wellesbourne, UK.
  • Osman, F. and Rowhani, A. (2008). Real-time RT-PCR (TaqMan®) assays for the detection of viruses associated with Rugose wood complex of grapevine. Journal of Virological Methods, 154(1-2): 69-75.
  • Osman, F., Hodzic, E., Omanska-Klusek, A., Olineka, T. and Rowhani, A. (2013). Development and validation of a multiplex quantitative PCR assay for the rapid detection of Grapevine virus A, B and D. Journal of Virological Methods, 194(1-2), 138-145.
  • Plesko, M. I., Marn, V. K., Seljak, G. and Zezlina, I. (2014). First report of Grapevine Pinot gris virus in grapevine in Slovenia. Plant Disease, 98(7): 1014.
  • Sabanadzovic, S. (2009). Viruses of native Vitis germplasm in the southeastern United States. In: 16 meeting of the International Council of the Study of Virus and Virus-like Diseases of Grapevine (ICVG, ed.), Dijon, France. 32.
  • Saldarelli, P., Gualandri, V., Malossini, U. and Glasa, M. (2017). Grapevine Pinot gris virus. Grapevine Viruses: Molecular Biology, Diagnostics and Management, Springer: Cham, Switzerland, 351-363.
  • Soğukömeroğulları, A. (2017). Prevalance of grapevine virus A (GVA) and grapevine virus B (GVB) in the vineyards of TRC1 region (Gaziantep, Adıyaman, Kilis) by serological and biological methods. (MSc. Thesis). Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University. Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Kahramanmaraş.
  • TÜİK (2019). Turkish Statistical Institute, Crop Production Statistics 2019. (Date of access:18.05.2019).
  • Turkmen, Y. (2020). Detection of Grapevine fanleaf virus and Grapevine Pinot gris virus in Western Black Sea Region. (PhD. Thesis) Ankara University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ankara.
  • Zabalgogeazcoa, I., De Blas, C., Cabaleiro, C., Segura, A., Ponz, F. (1997). First report of grapevine virus A in Spain. Plant Disease, 81(7): 830.

Tokat İli Asma Alanında Bazı Asma Virüslerinin Moleküler Olarak Belirlenmesi ve Grapevine Virus A'nın Filogenetik Analizi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 3, 574 - 585, 26.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1124089

Öz

Türkiye bağcılığı sosyoekonomik anlamda en önemli ürün gruplarının biridir. Bağlarda birçok zararlı organizma grubu özellikle de virüs enfeksiyonları bitkiyi zayıflatıp, verim ve kalitesinde azalmalara yol açtığından karantina ve sertifikasyonda başı çekmektedir. Bu çalışma, bağcılığın çok önemli olduğu Tokat ilinde üretilen asmalarda verim kaybına neden olan bazı viral etmenleri tespit etmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Tokat Merkez ve ilçelerindeki bazı bağ alanlarından virüs semptomu gösteren asmaların genç yapraklarından ve bir yaşındaki sürgünlerinden örnekler alınmıştır. Toplanan 189 asma örneğine Grapevine pinot gris virus (GPGV), Grapevine virus A (GVA) ve Strawberry latent ringspot virus (SLRSV) varlığını tespit etmek için virüse özgü primerler kullanılarak moleküler bir yöntem olan RT-PCR testine tabi tutulmuştur. Toplam 189 asma örneğinden 80 (%42.32) GVA, 3 (%1.58) GPGV enfeksiyonu tespit edilmiş ve hiçbir örnekte SLRSV (%0) tespit edilmemiştir. Test edilen 189 asma örneğinin 2'sinde (%1.05) birden fazla virüs tespit edilmiştir. Tokat Merkez ve ilçelerinden toplanan bitki örneklerinde en sık görülen virüsün GVA, en az tespit edilen virüsün ise GPGV olduğu belirlenmiştir. GVA ile enfekteli izolatların RT-PCR ürünlerin çift yönlü sekans analizi analizleri yapılmış ve MEGAX bilgisayar programı ile hizalandıktan sonra referans izolatlarla karşılaştırılarak filogenetik analizleri yapılmıştır. Filogenetik analiz çalışmalarına göre, GVA, GenBank'ta kayıtlı izolatlarla ve farklı çalışmada elde edilen izolatlarla farklı dallanma göstermiştir. GVA ile enfekte izolatlar referans izolatlarla %92-94 oranında benzerlik göstermiştir. Bu çalışmada Türk GVA izolatlarının moleküler analizi yapılmıştır. Bu moleküler bilgilerin ileride yapılacak çalışmalara ışık tutacağı öngörülmektedir.

Proje Numarası

2020/17

Kaynakça

  • Akbaş, B., Yurtmen, M., Uzunoğulları, N., Özdemir, S. ve Güneş, S. (2008). Yumuşak ve Sert Çekirdekli, Bağ, Çilek ve Üzümsü Meyve Virüs Hastalıkları (Syf:77‐90; 287‐292): Zirai Mücadele Teknik Talimatları, Cilt 4. Tarımsal Araştırmalar Gen. Md., Bitki Sağlığı Araştırmaları Daire Başkanlığı. Ankara. 388s.
  • Alabi, O. J., Rwahnih, M. A., Mekuria, T. A. and Naidu, R. A. (2014). Genetic Diversity of Grapevine virus A in Washington and California Vineyards. Phytopathology,104: 548–560.
  • Alkowni, R., Digiaro, M. and Savin, V. (1998). Viruses and virus diseases of grapevine in Palestine. EPPO Bulletin, 28(1‐2): 189-195.
  • Alkowni, R., Rowhani, A., Daubert, S. and Golino, D. (2004). Partial characterization of a new ampelovirus associated with grapevine leafroll disease. Journal of Plant Pathology, 86(2): 123-133.
  • Anfoka, G. H., Shahrour, W. and Nakhla, M. K. (2004). Detection and molecular characterization of Grapevine fanleaf virus and Grapevine leaf roll associated virus 3 in Jordan. Journal of Plant Pathology, 86: 203–207.
  • Anonymous (2020). Strawberry latent ringspot “Nepovirus”. http://www.eppo.org. (Accessed Date: 17.09.2020).
  • Balsak, S. C. and Buzkan, N. (2021). Prevalence and genetic variability of grapevine virus A in Turkish autochthonous grapevine varieties. Archives of Virology, 166(3): 943–947.
  • Beuve, M., Candresse, T., Tannieres, M. and Lemaire, O. (2015). First report of Grapevine pinot gris virus (GPGV) in France. Plant Disease, 99: 293.
  • Bora, T., Karaca, İ. (1970). Measurement of Disease and Injury in Cultivated Plants. Ege University, Assistant Textbook, Publication No. 167, Bornova, Izmir, 8.
  • Cho, I. S., Jung, S. M., Cho, J. D., Choi, G. S. and Lim, H. S. (2013). First report of Grapevine Pinot gris virus infecting grapevine in Korea. New Disease Reports, 27: 10.
  • Çiftçi, O., Ulubaş Serçe Ç. and Güler, B. 2015. Survey of grapevine viruses in the east and southeast regions of Turkey. Proceedings of the 18th Congress of ICVG, P.200, 7-11 September, 2015, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Çığşar, İ. (2002). Determination of sanitary status of grapevine in Southeastern Anatolia and Nevşehir province by serological and biological methods and characterization of two new nepoviruses. (PhD. Thesis). Cukurova University. Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences Adana.
  • Değer, E. (2015). Detection of important virus diseases in Hatay and Gaziantep vineyards by serological and molecular techniques. (MSc. Thesis) Mustafa Kemal University. Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Hatay.
  • Digiaro, M., Martelli, G. P. and Savino, V. (1999). Phloem-limited viruses of the grapevine in the Mediterranean and Near East: a synopsis. Options Méditerrranéennes, Ser. B Studies and Research, 29: 83-92.
  • Durgut, M. R. and Arın, S. (2005). Level and problems of trakya region vineyard mechanization. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 2(3): 287-297.
  • Fattouh, F., Ratti, C., El-Ahwany, A. M., Aleem, E. A., Babini, A. R. and Autonell, C. R. (2014). Detection and molecular characterization of Egyptian isolates of grapevine viruses. Acta Virologica, 58(2): 137-145.
  • Foissac, X., Svanella-Dumas, L., Dulucq, M. J., Candresse, T. and Gentit, P. (2001). Polyvalent detection of fruit tree tricho, capillo and foveaviruses by nested RT-PCR using degenerated and inosine containing primers (PDO RT-PCR). Acta Horticulture, 550: 37-43.
  • Gazel, M., Caglayan, K., Elçi, E. and Öztürk, L. (2016). First report of Grapevine Pinot gris virus in grapevine in Turkey. Plant Disease, 100(3): 657.
  • Giampetruzzi, A., Roumi, V., Roberto, R., Malossini, U., Yoshikawa, N., La Notte, P. and Saldarelli, P. (2012). A new grapevine virus discovered by deep sequencing of virus-and viroid-derived small RNAs in Cv Pinot gris. Virus research, 163(1): 262-268.
  • Glasa, M., Predajna, L., Kominek, P., Hagyova, A., Candresse, T. and Olmos, A. (2014). Molecular characterization of divergent Grapevine pinot gris virus and their detection in Slovak and Czech grapevine. Archives of Virology, 159(8) :2103-7.
  • Goszczynski, D. E. and Habili, N. (2012). Grapevine virus A variants of group II associated with Shiraz disease in South Africa are present in plants affected by Australian Shiraz disease, and have also been detected in the USA. Plant Pathology, 61(1): 205-214.
  • Goszczynski, D. E., du Preez J., Burger J. T. (2008). Molecular divergence of Grapevine virus A (GVA) variants associated with Shiraz disease in South Africa. Virus Research, 138: 105–110.
  • Haidar, M. M., Digiaro, M., Khoury, W. and Savino, V. (1996). Viruses and virus diseases of grapevine in Lebanon. EPPO Bulletin, 26(1): 147-153.
  • Ioannou, N. (1993). Occurrence and Natural Spread of Grapevine Leafroll-Associated Clostero viruses in Cyprus. Extended Abstract 11th Meeting ICVG, 111-112. 6-9 September 1993, Montreux, Switzerland.
  • Kaplan, M., Bayhan, E. (2017). Determination of damage rates of Thysanoptera species in some vineyard areas In Mardin Province. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 14(1): 1-8.
  • Kocabağ, H. D., Çağlayan, K. and Gazel, M. (2019). Molecular detection and characterization of new emerging viruses by PCR analysis in Hatay and Tekirdag vineyards. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 7(5): 789-798.
  • Koklu, G., Digiaro, M. and Savino, V. (1998). A survey of grapevine viruses in Turkish Thrace. Phytopathologia Mediterranea, 37: 140-142.
  • Kumar, S., Stecher, G., Tamura, K., Li, M. and Knyaz, C. (2018). MEGA X: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 35(6), 1547–1549.
  • Lamberti, F., Roca, F., Landriscina, S. and Ciancio, A. (1986). Seasonal transmissibility of strawberry latent ringspot virus by Xiphinema diversicaudatum. Nematologia Mediterranean, 14: 173-179.
  • Lister, R. (1964). Strawberry latent ringspot: a new nematode-borne virus. Annals of Applied Biology, 54: 167-176.
  • Malagnini, V., de Lillo, E., Saldarelli, P., Beber, R., Duso, C., Raiola, A., Zanotelli, L., Valenzano, D., Giampetruzzi, A. and Morelli, M. (2016). Transmission of grapevine Pinot gris virus by Colomerus vitis (Acari: Eriophyidae) to grapevine. Archives of Virology, 161(9): 2595–2599.
  • Martin, R. R., Tzanetakis, I. E., Barnes, J. E. and Elmhirst, J. F. (2004). First report of Strawberry latent ringspot virus in strawberry in the United States and Canada. Plant Disease, 88(5): 575.
  • Minafra, A., Mawassi, M., Goszczynski, D. and Saldarelli, P. (2017). Grapevine Vitiviruses. In: Meng B., Martelli G.P., Golino D.A., Fuchs M. Grapevine Viruses: Molecular Biology, Diagnostics and Management.229–256. Springer, Cham.
  • Minafra, A., Russo, M. and Martelli, G. P. (1992) Further studies on the use of molecular probes to grapevine closterovirus A. Vitis, 31: 87–93.
  • Minafra, A., Saldarelli, P., Grieco, F. and Martelli, G. P. (1994). Nucleotide sequence of the 3' terminal region of the RNA of two filamentous grapevine viruses. Archives of Virology, 137: 249-261.
  • Moradi, R., Koolivand, D., Eini, O. and Hajizadeh, M. (2018). Phylogenetic analysis of two Iranian grapevine virus A isolates using coat protein gene sequence. Iranian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, 6(1): 48-57.
  • Mslmanieh, T., Digiaro, M., Elbeaino, T., Boscia, D. and Martelli, G. P. (2006). Viruses of grapevine in Syria. EPPO Bulletin, 36(3): 523-528.
  • Murant, A. F. (1976). Strawberry latent ringspot virus. CMI/AAB Descriptions of Plant Viruses No. 126. Association of Applied Biologists, Wellesbourne, UK.
  • Osman, F. and Rowhani, A. (2008). Real-time RT-PCR (TaqMan®) assays for the detection of viruses associated with Rugose wood complex of grapevine. Journal of Virological Methods, 154(1-2): 69-75.
  • Osman, F., Hodzic, E., Omanska-Klusek, A., Olineka, T. and Rowhani, A. (2013). Development and validation of a multiplex quantitative PCR assay for the rapid detection of Grapevine virus A, B and D. Journal of Virological Methods, 194(1-2), 138-145.
  • Plesko, M. I., Marn, V. K., Seljak, G. and Zezlina, I. (2014). First report of Grapevine Pinot gris virus in grapevine in Slovenia. Plant Disease, 98(7): 1014.
  • Sabanadzovic, S. (2009). Viruses of native Vitis germplasm in the southeastern United States. In: 16 meeting of the International Council of the Study of Virus and Virus-like Diseases of Grapevine (ICVG, ed.), Dijon, France. 32.
  • Saldarelli, P., Gualandri, V., Malossini, U. and Glasa, M. (2017). Grapevine Pinot gris virus. Grapevine Viruses: Molecular Biology, Diagnostics and Management, Springer: Cham, Switzerland, 351-363.
  • Soğukömeroğulları, A. (2017). Prevalance of grapevine virus A (GVA) and grapevine virus B (GVB) in the vineyards of TRC1 region (Gaziantep, Adıyaman, Kilis) by serological and biological methods. (MSc. Thesis). Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University. Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Kahramanmaraş.
  • TÜİK (2019). Turkish Statistical Institute, Crop Production Statistics 2019. (Date of access:18.05.2019).
  • Turkmen, Y. (2020). Detection of Grapevine fanleaf virus and Grapevine Pinot gris virus in Western Black Sea Region. (PhD. Thesis) Ankara University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ankara.
  • Zabalgogeazcoa, I., De Blas, C., Cabaleiro, C., Segura, A., Ponz, F. (1997). First report of grapevine virus A in Spain. Plant Disease, 81(7): 830.
Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Fitopatoloji
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Burak Güvenateş 0000-0002-9913-3780

Şerife Topkaya 0000-0002-0095-474X

Proje Numarası 2020/17
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 12 Eylül 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 26 Eylül 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 31 Mayıs 2022
Kabul Tarihi 6 Ocak 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 20 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Güvenateş, B., & Topkaya, Ş. (2023). Molecular Determination of the Presence of Some Grapevine Viruses and Phylogenetic analyses of Grapevine Virus A in Tokat Province Grapevine Area. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(3), 574-585. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1124089
AMA Güvenateş B, Topkaya Ş. Molecular Determination of the Presence of Some Grapevine Viruses and Phylogenetic analyses of Grapevine Virus A in Tokat Province Grapevine Area. JOTAF. Eylül 2023;20(3):574-585. doi:10.33462/jotaf.1124089
Chicago Güvenateş, Burak, ve Şerife Topkaya. “Molecular Determination of the Presence of Some Grapevine Viruses and Phylogenetic Analyses of Grapevine Virus A in Tokat Province Grapevine Area”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 20, sy. 3 (Eylül 2023): 574-85. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1124089.
EndNote Güvenateş B, Topkaya Ş (01 Eylül 2023) Molecular Determination of the Presence of Some Grapevine Viruses and Phylogenetic analyses of Grapevine Virus A in Tokat Province Grapevine Area. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 20 3 574–585.
IEEE B. Güvenateş ve Ş. Topkaya, “Molecular Determination of the Presence of Some Grapevine Viruses and Phylogenetic analyses of Grapevine Virus A in Tokat Province Grapevine Area”, JOTAF, c. 20, sy. 3, ss. 574–585, 2023, doi: 10.33462/jotaf.1124089.
ISNAD Güvenateş, Burak - Topkaya, Şerife. “Molecular Determination of the Presence of Some Grapevine Viruses and Phylogenetic Analyses of Grapevine Virus A in Tokat Province Grapevine Area”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 20/3 (Eylül 2023), 574-585. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1124089.
JAMA Güvenateş B, Topkaya Ş. Molecular Determination of the Presence of Some Grapevine Viruses and Phylogenetic analyses of Grapevine Virus A in Tokat Province Grapevine Area. JOTAF. 2023;20:574–585.
MLA Güvenateş, Burak ve Şerife Topkaya. “Molecular Determination of the Presence of Some Grapevine Viruses and Phylogenetic Analyses of Grapevine Virus A in Tokat Province Grapevine Area”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 20, sy. 3, 2023, ss. 574-85, doi:10.33462/jotaf.1124089.
Vancouver Güvenateş B, Topkaya Ş. Molecular Determination of the Presence of Some Grapevine Viruses and Phylogenetic analyses of Grapevine Virus A in Tokat Province Grapevine Area. JOTAF. 2023;20(3):574-85.