Alanya Ekolojik Koşullarında Yetiştirilen Hass ve Fuerte Avokado Çeşitlerinin Bazı Fitokimyasal İçerikleri ile Antioksidan Aktivitelerinin Belirlenmesi

Zehra Tuğba Murathan; Armagan Kaya

doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.674647

Araştırma Makalesi

Investigation of Some Phytochemical Contents and Antioxidant Activities of Hass and Fuerte Avocado Cultivars Grown in Alanya Ecological Conditions

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 6, 1435 - 1440, 31.12.2020

Zehra Tuğba Murathan Armagan Kaya

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.674647

Cited By: 7

Öz

Avocado is recommended by experts in many diets because of the variety and richness of nutritional elements in fruit. Fruit flesh contains very low levels of sugar, while it contains dietary fiber, unsaturated fats, many vitamins and minerals, and a large number of phytochemical compounds with bioactive properties. In this study, total phenolic, total flavanoid, total ascorbic acid and pigment contents with antioxidant capacities were determined based on three different methods of leaf and fruit methanolic extracts of Hass and Fuerte avocado cultivars grown in Alanya ecological conditions. As a result of the study, it was determined that leaf extracts contain higher total phenolic content, total flavanoid content, total ascorbic acid content and antioxidant capacity than those of fruit extracts. ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity of extracts was 35.9% (Hass fruit extract) and 60.5% (Fuerte leaf extract), DPPH radical scavenging activity was (1,1-diphenyl-2-) picrylhydrazyl) between 30.7% (Hass fruit extract) and 51.4% (Fuerte leaf extract), FRAP (Ferric ion reducing antioxidant power) value was 130.8 µmol FeII g-1 (Hass fruit extract) and 267.5 µmol FeII g-1 (Fuerte leaf extract) has been determined. The chlorophyll a values of the extracts were found to be higher than the chlorophyll b values. The highest total chlorophyll content was found in leaf extracts of Hass and Fuerte cultivars (22.89 and 21.72 µg g-1, respectively). Total carotenoid content was higher in leaf samples than fruit samples and it was found that it ranged from 0.07 µg g-1 (Hass fruit extract) to 4.16 µg g-1 (Fuerte leaf extract).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antioxidant, Avocado, Phenolic, Persea americana, Pigment

Kaynakça

Abdulazeez SS, Ponnusamy P 2016. Antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity of strawberry fruit extracts against alloxan induced diabetes in rats. Pakistan Journal Pharmaceutical Sciences 29: 255-260.
AOAC 1990. Official Methods of Analysis of The Association of Official Analytical Chemists 15th ed., Arlington VA, USA, 1058-1059.
Asaolu M, Asaolu S, Fakunle J, Emman-Okon B, Ajayi E, Togun R 2010. Evaluation of invitro antioxidant activities of methanol extracts of Persea americana and Cnidoscolus aconitifolius. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 9: 1074-1077.
Ashton OBO, Wong M, McGhie TK, Vather R, Wang Y, Requejo-Jackman C 2006. Pigments in avocado tissue and oil. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 54(26): 10151-10158.
Bayram S 2010. Avokado (Persea americana Mill.). 2010 Yılı Avokado Gelişim Raporu. BATEM 39.
Baytop T 1984. Türkiye'de Bitkiler ile Tedavi, İstanbul, Sanal Matbaacılık.
Benzie IFF, Strain JJ 1996. The ferric reducing Ability of plasma (FRAB) as a measure of “Antioxidant power”: The FRAB assay. Analytical Biochemistry 239: 70-76.
De-Kok L, Graham M 1980. Levels of pigments, soluble proteins, amino acids and sulfhydryl compounds in foliar tissue of Arabidopsis thaliana during dark induced and natural senescence. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 27: 133-142.
Duncan DB 1955. Multiplerange and multiple F Tests. Biometrics 11: 1-14.
Dzeufiet PDD, Mogueo A, Bilanda DC 2014. Antihypertensive potential of the aqueous extract which combine leaf of Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae), stems and leaf of Cymbopogon citratus (D.C) Stapf. (Poaceae), fruits of Citrus medical L. (Rutaceae) as well as honey in ethanol and sucrose experimental model. BMC Complementary Alternaive Medicine 14: 507.
FAO Statical Databases. 2019. http://faostat.fao.org (17.12.2019)
Kumar B, Cumbal L 2016. UV-Vis, FTIR and antioxidant study of Persea americana (Avocado) leaf and fruit: a comparison. Revista Farmaceuticas Ciencias Quimico 14: 13-20. Lanfer-Marquez UM, Barros RMC, Sinnecker P 2005. Antioxidant activity of chlorophylls and their derivatives. Food Research International 38(8-9): 885-891.
Lidebjer C, Leanderson P, Ernerudth J, Jonasson L 2007. Low plasma levels of oxygenated carotenoids in patients with coronary artery disease. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases. 17(6): 448-456.
Lo HM, Tsai YJ, Du WY, Tsou CJ, Wu WB 2012. A naturally occuring carotenoid, lutein, reduces PDGF and H202 signaling and compromised migration in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells. Journal of Biomedical Science 19(1): 18.
Lu QY, Arteaga JR, Zhang Q, Huerta S, Go VL, Heber D 2005. Inhibition of prostate cancer cell growth by an avocado extract: Role of lipid-soluble bioactive substances. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 16: 23-30.
Mooz ED, Gaiano NM, Shimano MYH, Amancio RD, Spoto MHF 2012. Physical and chemical characterization of the pulp of different varieties of avocado targeting oil extraction potential. Food Science and Technology 32(2): 274-280.
Owolabi MA, Coker HAB, Jaja SI 2010. Bioactivity of the phytoconstituents of the leaves of Persea americana. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 4(12): 1130-1135. Quettier-Deleu C, Gressier B, Vasseur J, Dine T, Brunet J, Luyck M, Cazin M, Cazin JC, Bailleul F, Trotin F 2000. Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) hulls and flour. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 72: 35-40.
Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M, Rice-Evans C 1999. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 26(9/10): 1231-1237.
Requejo-Jackman C, Wong M, Wang Yan McGhie T, Petley M, Woolf A. 2005.The good oil on avocado cultivarssA preliminary evaluation. Orchardist 78(10): 54-58. Rezaeirad D, Bakhshi D, Ghasemnezhad M, Lahiji HS 2013. Evaluation of some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of local pears (Pyrus sp.) in the North of Iran. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences 5(8): 882-887.
Rotta EM, de Morais DR, Biondo PBF, dos Santos VJ, Matsushita M, Visentainer JV 2016. Use of avocado peel (Persea americana) in tea formulation: a functional product containing phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity. Acta Scientiarum. Technology 38(1): 23-29.
Segovia F, Hidalgo G, Villasante J, Ramis X, Almajano M 2018. Avocado seed: A comparative study of antioxidant content and capacity in protecting oil models from oxidation. Molecules 23(10): 2421.
Spanos GA, Wrolstad RE 1992. Phenolic of apple, pear and white grape juices and their changes with processing and storage. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 40(9):1478-1487.
Tabeshpour J, Razavi BM, Hosseinzadeh H 2017. Effects of Avocado (Persea americana) on Metabolic Syndrome: A Comprehensive Systematic Review. Phytotherapy Research 31(6): 819-836.
Tremocoldi MA, Rosalen PL, Franchin M, Massarioli AP, Denny C, Daiuto ER, de Alencar SM 2018. Exploration of avocado by-products as natural sources of bioactive compounds. PloS one 13(2): e0192577.
TUIK (2018). http://www.tuik.gov.tr (17.12.2019).
Tuzcu Ö1996. Subtropik Meyveler Ders Notları. Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Ders Notları (Yayınlanmamış ).
Wang M, Zheng Y, Khuong T, Lovatt CJ 2016. Developmental differences in antioxidant compounds and systems in normal and small-phenotype fruit of ‘Hass’ avocado (Persea americana Mill.). Scientia Horticulturae 206: 15-23.
Wang W, Bostic TR, Gu L 2010. Antioxidant capacities, procyanidins and pigments in avocados of different strains and cultivars. Food Chemistry 122: 1193-1198.
Wu X, Beecher GR, Holden JM, Haytowitz DB, Prior RL 2004. Lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidant capacity of common foods in the U.S. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 52: 4026-4037.
Yeşiloğlu T 2006. Subtrobik Meyveler, Lisans Ders Notları. Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü (yayınlanmamış)

Alanya Ekolojik Koşullarında Yetiştirilen Hass ve Fuerte Avokado Çeşitlerinin Bazı Fitokimyasal İçerikleri ile Antioksidan Aktivitelerinin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 6, 1435 - 1440, 31.12.2020

Zehra Tuğba Murathan Armagan Kaya

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.674647

Cited By: 7

Öz

Avokado meyvesi, içerisindeki besinsel öğelerin çeşitliliği ve zenginliği nedeniyle birçok diyette uzmanlar tarafından önerilmektedir. Meyve eti çok düşük oranda şeker içerirken diyet lifi, doymamış yağlar, birçok vitamin ve mineral madde ile biyoaktif özelliğe sahip çok sayıda fitobileşen içermektedir. Bu çalışmada, Alanya ekolojik koşullarında yetiştirilen Hass ve Fuerte avokado çeşitlerinin meyve ve yaprak dokularında toplam fenolik madde, toplam flavanoid madde, toplam askorbik asit ve pigment içerikleri ile antioksidan kapasiteleri belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda yaprak ekstraktlarının meyve ekstraktlarına oranla daha yüksek toplam fenolik madde, toplam flavanoid madde, toplam askorbik asit içeriği ile antioksidan kapasiteye sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir. Ekstraktların ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radikali süpürücü aktivitelerinin %35.9 (Hass meyve ekstraktı) ile %60.5 (Fuerte yaprak ekstraktı), DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radikali süpürücü aktivitelerinin %30.7 (Hass meyve ekstraktı) ile %51.4 (Fuerte yaprak ekstraktı), FRAP (Demir iyonu indirgeyici antioksidan güç) değerlerinin ise 130.8 µmol FeII g-1 (Hass meyve ekstraktı) ile 267.5 µmol FeII g-1 (Fuerte yaprak ekstraktı) arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Ekstraktlarda klorofil a değerlerinin klorofil b değerlerine göre daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek toplam klorofil içeriği Hass ve Fuerte çeşitlerinin yaprak ekstraktlarında (sırasıyla 22.89 ve 21.72 µg g-1) tespit edilmiştir. Toplam karotenoid içeriği yine yaprak örneklerinde meyve örneklerine göre daha yüksek bulunurken, bu değerlerin 0.07 µg g-1 (Hass meyve ekstraktı) ile 4.16 µg g-1 (Fuerte yaprak ekstraktı) arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antioksidan, Avokado, Fenolik, Persea americana, Pigment

Kaynakça

Abdulazeez SS, Ponnusamy P 2016. Antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity of strawberry fruit extracts against alloxan induced diabetes in rats. Pakistan Journal Pharmaceutical Sciences 29: 255-260.
AOAC 1990. Official Methods of Analysis of The Association of Official Analytical Chemists 15th ed., Arlington VA, USA, 1058-1059.
Asaolu M, Asaolu S, Fakunle J, Emman-Okon B, Ajayi E, Togun R 2010. Evaluation of invitro antioxidant activities of methanol extracts of Persea americana and Cnidoscolus aconitifolius. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 9: 1074-1077.
Ashton OBO, Wong M, McGhie TK, Vather R, Wang Y, Requejo-Jackman C 2006. Pigments in avocado tissue and oil. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 54(26): 10151-10158.
Bayram S 2010. Avokado (Persea americana Mill.). 2010 Yılı Avokado Gelişim Raporu. BATEM 39.
Baytop T 1984. Türkiye'de Bitkiler ile Tedavi, İstanbul, Sanal Matbaacılık.
Benzie IFF, Strain JJ 1996. The ferric reducing Ability of plasma (FRAB) as a measure of “Antioxidant power”: The FRAB assay. Analytical Biochemistry 239: 70-76.
De-Kok L, Graham M 1980. Levels of pigments, soluble proteins, amino acids and sulfhydryl compounds in foliar tissue of Arabidopsis thaliana during dark induced and natural senescence. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 27: 133-142.
Duncan DB 1955. Multiplerange and multiple F Tests. Biometrics 11: 1-14.
Dzeufiet PDD, Mogueo A, Bilanda DC 2014. Antihypertensive potential of the aqueous extract which combine leaf of Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae), stems and leaf of Cymbopogon citratus (D.C) Stapf. (Poaceae), fruits of Citrus medical L. (Rutaceae) as well as honey in ethanol and sucrose experimental model. BMC Complementary Alternaive Medicine 14: 507.
FAO Statical Databases. 2019. http://faostat.fao.org (17.12.2019)
Kumar B, Cumbal L 2016. UV-Vis, FTIR and antioxidant study of Persea americana (Avocado) leaf and fruit: a comparison. Revista Farmaceuticas Ciencias Quimico 14: 13-20. Lanfer-Marquez UM, Barros RMC, Sinnecker P 2005. Antioxidant activity of chlorophylls and their derivatives. Food Research International 38(8-9): 885-891.
Lidebjer C, Leanderson P, Ernerudth J, Jonasson L 2007. Low plasma levels of oxygenated carotenoids in patients with coronary artery disease. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases. 17(6): 448-456.
Lo HM, Tsai YJ, Du WY, Tsou CJ, Wu WB 2012. A naturally occuring carotenoid, lutein, reduces PDGF and H202 signaling and compromised migration in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells. Journal of Biomedical Science 19(1): 18.
Lu QY, Arteaga JR, Zhang Q, Huerta S, Go VL, Heber D 2005. Inhibition of prostate cancer cell growth by an avocado extract: Role of lipid-soluble bioactive substances. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 16: 23-30.
Mooz ED, Gaiano NM, Shimano MYH, Amancio RD, Spoto MHF 2012. Physical and chemical characterization of the pulp of different varieties of avocado targeting oil extraction potential. Food Science and Technology 32(2): 274-280.
Owolabi MA, Coker HAB, Jaja SI 2010. Bioactivity of the phytoconstituents of the leaves of Persea americana. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 4(12): 1130-1135. Quettier-Deleu C, Gressier B, Vasseur J, Dine T, Brunet J, Luyck M, Cazin M, Cazin JC, Bailleul F, Trotin F 2000. Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) hulls and flour. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 72: 35-40.
Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M, Rice-Evans C 1999. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 26(9/10): 1231-1237.
Requejo-Jackman C, Wong M, Wang Yan McGhie T, Petley M, Woolf A. 2005.The good oil on avocado cultivarssA preliminary evaluation. Orchardist 78(10): 54-58. Rezaeirad D, Bakhshi D, Ghasemnezhad M, Lahiji HS 2013. Evaluation of some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of local pears (Pyrus sp.) in the North of Iran. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences 5(8): 882-887.
Rotta EM, de Morais DR, Biondo PBF, dos Santos VJ, Matsushita M, Visentainer JV 2016. Use of avocado peel (Persea americana) in tea formulation: a functional product containing phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity. Acta Scientiarum. Technology 38(1): 23-29.
Segovia F, Hidalgo G, Villasante J, Ramis X, Almajano M 2018. Avocado seed: A comparative study of antioxidant content and capacity in protecting oil models from oxidation. Molecules 23(10): 2421.
Spanos GA, Wrolstad RE 1992. Phenolic of apple, pear and white grape juices and their changes with processing and storage. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 40(9):1478-1487.
Tabeshpour J, Razavi BM, Hosseinzadeh H 2017. Effects of Avocado (Persea americana) on Metabolic Syndrome: A Comprehensive Systematic Review. Phytotherapy Research 31(6): 819-836.
Tremocoldi MA, Rosalen PL, Franchin M, Massarioli AP, Denny C, Daiuto ER, de Alencar SM 2018. Exploration of avocado by-products as natural sources of bioactive compounds. PloS one 13(2): e0192577.
TUIK (2018). http://www.tuik.gov.tr (17.12.2019).
Tuzcu Ö1996. Subtropik Meyveler Ders Notları. Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Ders Notları (Yayınlanmamış ).
Wang M, Zheng Y, Khuong T, Lovatt CJ 2016. Developmental differences in antioxidant compounds and systems in normal and small-phenotype fruit of ‘Hass’ avocado (Persea americana Mill.). Scientia Horticulturae 206: 15-23.
Wang W, Bostic TR, Gu L 2010. Antioxidant capacities, procyanidins and pigments in avocados of different strains and cultivars. Food Chemistry 122: 1193-1198.
Wu X, Beecher GR, Holden JM, Haytowitz DB, Prior RL 2004. Lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidant capacity of common foods in the U.S. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 52: 4026-4037.
Yeşiloğlu T 2006. Subtrobik Meyveler, Lisans Ders Notları. Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü (yayınlanmamış)

Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	Türkçe
Konular	Ziraat, Veterinerlik ve Gıda Bilimleri
Bölüm	ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ (Research Article)
Yazarlar	Zehra Tuğba Murathan 0000-0002-1468-7240 Armagan Kaya 0000-0002-6776-3497
Yayımlanma Tarihi	31 Aralık 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi	14 Ocak 2020
Kabul Tarihi	30 Mayıs 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2020Cilt: 23 Sayı: 6

Kaynak Göster

APA	Murathan, Z. T., & Kaya, A. (2020). Alanya Ekolojik Koşullarında Yetiştirilen Hass ve Fuerte Avokado Çeşitlerinin Bazı Fitokimyasal İçerikleri ile Antioksidan Aktivitelerinin Belirlenmesi. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 23(6), 1435-1440. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.674647