Kireçli topraklardaki inorganik fosfor fraksiyonlarının yarayışlı fosfora katkıları ve bazı toprak özellikleri ile ilişkileri
Öz
Amaç: Çalışmada, Doğu Anadolu bölgesinde yaygın olarak görülen Mollisol ve Entisol olarak sınıflandırılan toprak profillerinde inorganik fosfor fraksiyonlarının miktar ve dağılımlarının belirlenerek, bunların toprak özellikleri ve biri birleri ile ilişkilerinin belirlenerek, inorganik fosfor fraksiyonlarının bitkiye yarayışlı toprak fosforuna katkılarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem ve Bulgular: Kireçli ve hafif alkalin reaksiyonlu toprakların, toplam fosfor miktarları 280-1713 mg kg-1 arasında, ortalama 713 mg kg-1 olarak saptanmıştır. Toplam fosforun ortalama % 80.9’unu oluşturan ve bu topraklarda birinci sırada bulunan fosfor fraksiyonu olarak belirlenen kalsiyuma bağlı fosfatlar (Ca-P) 163.2-951.1 mg kg-1 arasında belirlenmiştir. Ca-P’ den sonra bu topraklarda miktar olarak ikinci sırayı alan hapsedilmiş fosfatlar (CDB-P) 2.07-105.6 mg kg-1 arasında, üçüncü olarak ise ilk ekstraksiyon sırasında karbonatlar tarafından tutulan fosfatları (CB-P) 0.76-52.83 mg kg-1 arasında bulunmuştur. Dördüncü ve son sırada ise hapsedilmemiş alüminyum ve demir fosfatlar (Al-P+Fe-P) 0.09-5.0 mg kg-1 arasında bu topraklarda en az miktarlarda bulunan fosfor fraksiyonları olarak bulunmuştur.
Genel Yorum: Özetle, bu topraklarda inorganik fosfor fraksiyonlarının miktarlarına göre bulunma sırası Ca-P>CDB-P>CB-P>Al-P+Fe-P olarak belirlenmiştir.
Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Bu topraklarda bitkiye yarayışlı fosfora (Olsen-P), hapsedilmemiş alüminyum ve demir fosfatlar (AI-P+Fe-P) ve hapsedilmiş fosfatlar (CDB-P) olmak üzere iki fraksiyonun katkıyı yaptığı belirlenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
: Inorganic phosphorus fractions Calcareous soils Availability P Phosphorus soil relationship
Kaynakça
- Azadi A, Baghernejad M, Karimian N A, Abtahi S A (2015). Inorganic Phosphorus Fractions and Their Relationships with Soil Characteristics of Selected Calcareous Soils of Fars Province. Journal of Water and Soil, 29, (5), 1288-1296. Bouyoucos G S (1951). Recalibration of the Hydrometer Methods For Making Mechanical Analysis of Soil, Agronomy Journal 43:434-438. Chand, T, Tomar NK, Singh J P (1991). Effect of Soil Properties on The Forms of Inorganic Phosphorus in Alkaline-Calcareous Soils of Different Agro climatic Zones. Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation. 5(3), 190-210. Çimrin K M, Akça E, Senol M, Büyük G, Kapur S (2004). Potassium Potential of the Soils of the Gevaş Region, East Anatolia”, Tr. J. of Agric. For., 28, 259-266. Çimrin K M, Karaçal İ (1997). Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Kampüs Alanı Toprak Profillerinde Fosfor Fraksiyonlarının Dağılımı Y.Y.Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 7; 31-36. Jackson M L (1962). Soil Chemical Analysis. Pretice Hall Inc. 183. Johnson R A, Wichern D W (1988). Applied multivariate statistical analysis. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632. pp. 607. Kacar B (1970). Fosforun Fraksiyonlara Ayrılması ve Çukurova Topraklarına Değişik Metodlarla Tayin Edilen Faydalanabilir Haldeki Fosfor ile Fosfor Fraksiyonları Arasındaki İlişki. A.Ü. Ziraat Fak.Yıllığı, 4, 721-724. Legg J O, Black C A (1955). Determination of Organic Phosphorus in Soils: II Ignition Method. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc.19:139-143. Muhammad H J, Jones K C (1992). Phosphorus in Gypsiferous Soils: The Influence of Soil Properties on P Fractionation. Geoderma, 53: 97-104 Olsen S R, Cole C V, Watanabe F S, Dean L A (1954). Estimation of Available Phosphorus in Soils by Extraction with Sodium Bicarbonate U.S. Dept. of Agr. Circ. 939. Washington. Olsen S R, Sommers L E (1982). Phosphorus, (in Methods of Soil Analysis Chemical and Microbiological Properties,Eds.: A.L.Page, R.H. Miller, and D.R. Keeney,. 1159pp.) Second Edition Agronomy No: 9 American Society of Agronomy, Inc, Soil Science Society of America Inc.,403-429 Roberts T L, Stewart J WB, Bettany J R (1985). The Influence of Topography on The Distribution of Organic and Inorganic Soil Phosphorus Across A Narrow Environmental Gradient. Can. J. Soil Sci. 65, 651-655. Samadi A (2006). Contribution of Inorganic Phosphorus Fractions to Plant Nutrition in Alkaline-Calcareous Soils. J. Agric. Sci. Technol. Vol. 8: 77-89 Shen R F, Jiang B (1992). Distribution and Availability of Various Forms of Inorganic-P in Calcareous Soils. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 29 (1):80-86. Singh R S, Pathak A N (1973). Forms of Phosphorus in Relation to Physico-Chemical Properties in Bangar Soils of Districts Deoria and Gorakhpur in Alluvial Tract of Uttar Pradesh. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci. 21(4): 407-411. Soil Survey Staff (1951). Soil Survey Manual. Agriculture Handbook No. 18, US Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC. Soil Survey Staff (1999). Soil Taxonomy: A Basic System of Soil Classification for Making and Interpreting Soil Surveys. USDA-NRCS, Agriculture Handbook No. 436. US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC. Solis P, Torrent J (1989). Phosphate Fractions in Calcareous Vertisols and Inceptisols of Spain. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.,53:462-466. Talati NR, Mathur G S, Attri S C (1975). Distribution of Various Forms of Phosphorus in North-West Rajasthan Soils. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci. 23(2), 202-206. Thomas G W (1982). Exchangeable cations. In: Methods of Soil Analysis (159–166). Part 2, Chemical and Microbiological Properties, 2nd edn (eds A. L. Page, R. H. Miller & D. R. Keeney). American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin. Topraksu (1971). Van Gölü Havzası Toprakları, Tarım Orman ve Köy İşleri Bakanlığı, Toprak-su Genel Müd. Yayınları No: 28 Köy İşleri Bakanlığı Yayınları No: 197, Raporlar Serisi No: 67, Ankara. Tripathi B R, Tandon H L S, Tyner E H (1970). Native Inorganik Phosphorus Forms and Their Relation to Some Chemical Indices of Phosphate Availability for Soils of Agra District. Indian Soil Sci.,109(2):93-101. Walkey A (1947). A critical examination of a rapid method for determining organic carbon in soils: effect of variations in digestion conditions and inorganic soil constituents. Soil Sci. 63: 251-263. Yang J E, Jacobsen J S (1990). Soil Inorganic Phosphorus Fractions and Their Uptake Relationships in Calcareous Soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 54, 1666-1669.
Relationship between some soil characteristics and contribution on available phosphorus of inorganic phosphorus fractions in calcareous soils
Öz
Aims: The aim of this study is to determine the amount and distribution of inorganic phosphorus fractions in soil profiles classified as Mollisol and Entisol, which are common in the Eastern Anatolian region, and to determine their soil properties and their relationships with each other, and to evaluate the contribution of inorganic phosphorus fractions to available soil phosphorus (Olsen-P).
Methods and Results: The total amount of phosphorus in these soils with calcareous and slightly alkaline reactions has been determined as 280-1713 mg kg-1 and an average of 713 mg kg-1. Ca-P’, which make up an average of 80.9% of the total phosphorus and which are determined as the first phosphorus fraction in these soils, have been determined between 163.2-951.1 mg kg-1. The occluded phosphates (CDB-P), which rank second in quantity in these soils after Ca-P2, are between 2.07-105.6 mg kg-1, and thirdly, phosphates (CB-P) held by carbonates during the first extraction are 0.76-52.83 mg kg-1. In the fourth and last row, nonoccluded aluminum and iron phosphates (Al-P + Fe-P) were found as the least amount of phosphorus fractions in these soils between 0.09-5.0 mg kg-1.
Conclusions: In summary, the order of inorganic phosphorus fractions in these soils was determined as Ca-P> CDB-P> CB-P> Al-P+Fe-P.
Significance and Impact of the Study: It was determined that two fractions contribute to phosphorus (Olsen-P), nonoccluded aluminum and iron phosphates (AI-P + Fe-P) and occluded phosphates (CDB-P) in these soils.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Inorganic phosphorus fractions calcareous soils availability P
Kaynakça
- Azadi A, Baghernejad M, Karimian N A, Abtahi S A (2015). Inorganic Phosphorus Fractions and Their Relationships with Soil Characteristics of Selected Calcareous Soils of Fars Province. Journal of Water and Soil, 29, (5), 1288-1296. Bouyoucos G S (1951). Recalibration of the Hydrometer Methods For Making Mechanical Analysis of Soil, Agronomy Journal 43:434-438. Chand, T, Tomar NK, Singh J P (1991). Effect of Soil Properties on The Forms of Inorganic Phosphorus in Alkaline-Calcareous Soils of Different Agro climatic Zones. Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation. 5(3), 190-210. Çimrin K M, Akça E, Senol M, Büyük G, Kapur S (2004). Potassium Potential of the Soils of the Gevaş Region, East Anatolia”, Tr. J. of Agric. For., 28, 259-266. Çimrin K M, Karaçal İ (1997). Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Kampüs Alanı Toprak Profillerinde Fosfor Fraksiyonlarının Dağılımı Y.Y.Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 7; 31-36. Jackson M L (1962). Soil Chemical Analysis. Pretice Hall Inc. 183. Johnson R A, Wichern D W (1988). Applied multivariate statistical analysis. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632. pp. 607. Kacar B (1970). Fosforun Fraksiyonlara Ayrılması ve Çukurova Topraklarına Değişik Metodlarla Tayin Edilen Faydalanabilir Haldeki Fosfor ile Fosfor Fraksiyonları Arasındaki İlişki. A.Ü. Ziraat Fak.Yıllığı, 4, 721-724. Legg J O, Black C A (1955). Determination of Organic Phosphorus in Soils: II Ignition Method. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc.19:139-143. Muhammad H J, Jones K C (1992). Phosphorus in Gypsiferous Soils: The Influence of Soil Properties on P Fractionation. Geoderma, 53: 97-104 Olsen S R, Cole C V, Watanabe F S, Dean L A (1954). Estimation of Available Phosphorus in Soils by Extraction with Sodium Bicarbonate U.S. Dept. of Agr. Circ. 939. Washington. Olsen S R, Sommers L E (1982). Phosphorus, (in Methods of Soil Analysis Chemical and Microbiological Properties,Eds.: A.L.Page, R.H. Miller, and D.R. Keeney,. 1159pp.) Second Edition Agronomy No: 9 American Society of Agronomy, Inc, Soil Science Society of America Inc.,403-429 Roberts T L, Stewart J WB, Bettany J R (1985). The Influence of Topography on The Distribution of Organic and Inorganic Soil Phosphorus Across A Narrow Environmental Gradient. Can. J. Soil Sci. 65, 651-655. Samadi A (2006). Contribution of Inorganic Phosphorus Fractions to Plant Nutrition in Alkaline-Calcareous Soils. J. Agric. Sci. Technol. Vol. 8: 77-89 Shen R F, Jiang B (1992). Distribution and Availability of Various Forms of Inorganic-P in Calcareous Soils. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 29 (1):80-86. Singh R S, Pathak A N (1973). Forms of Phosphorus in Relation to Physico-Chemical Properties in Bangar Soils of Districts Deoria and Gorakhpur in Alluvial Tract of Uttar Pradesh. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci. 21(4): 407-411. Soil Survey Staff (1951). Soil Survey Manual. Agriculture Handbook No. 18, US Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC. Soil Survey Staff (1999). Soil Taxonomy: A Basic System of Soil Classification for Making and Interpreting Soil Surveys. USDA-NRCS, Agriculture Handbook No. 436. US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC. Solis P, Torrent J (1989). Phosphate Fractions in Calcareous Vertisols and Inceptisols of Spain. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.,53:462-466. Talati NR, Mathur G S, Attri S C (1975). Distribution of Various Forms of Phosphorus in North-West Rajasthan Soils. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci. 23(2), 202-206. Thomas G W (1982). Exchangeable cations. In: Methods of Soil Analysis (159–166). Part 2, Chemical and Microbiological Properties, 2nd edn (eds A. L. Page, R. H. Miller & D. R. Keeney). American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin. Topraksu (1971). Van Gölü Havzası Toprakları, Tarım Orman ve Köy İşleri Bakanlığı, Toprak-su Genel Müd. Yayınları No: 28 Köy İşleri Bakanlığı Yayınları No: 197, Raporlar Serisi No: 67, Ankara. Tripathi B R, Tandon H L S, Tyner E H (1970). Native Inorganik Phosphorus Forms and Their Relation to Some Chemical Indices of Phosphate Availability for Soils of Agra District. Indian Soil Sci.,109(2):93-101. Walkey A (1947). A critical examination of a rapid method for determining organic carbon in soils: effect of variations in digestion conditions and inorganic soil constituents. Soil Sci. 63: 251-263. Yang J E, Jacobsen J S (1990). Soil Inorganic Phosphorus Fractions and Their Uptake Relationships in Calcareous Soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 54, 1666-1669.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Ziraat Mühendisliği |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 21 Ağustos 2020 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 11 Mart 2020 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 17 Nisan 2020 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2020 Cilt: 25 Sayı: 2 |
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