Bombus terrestris İşçi Arılarının Bazı Morfolojik Özelliklerinin ve Morfolojik Özelliklerin Polen Yükü Üzerine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi
Öz
Bu çalışma ile kitlesel
olarak en yaygın şekilde yetiştirilen bombus arısı türü olan Bombus terrestris işçi arılarının bazı
morfolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi ve bu morfolojik özelliklerin hem kendi
aralarında hem de işçi arıların yuvaya taşıdığı polen yükü ile ilişkilerin
araştırılması amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında 100 adet
işçi arının polen
toplama ve taşıma performansını etkileyebileceği düşünülen ağırlık, dil
uzunluğu, ön kanat genişliği, ön kanat
uzunluğu, ön kanat indeksi, femur uzunluğu, tibia uzunluğu, metatarsus
genişliği, metatarsus uzunluğu, arka
bacak uzunluğu ve metatarsus indeksine ilişkin morfolojik özellikleri
belirlenmiştir. İşçi arıların ağırlığı ve dil uzunluğu sırasıyla 0,222 ± 0,005 gram ve 8,080 ± 0,114 milimetre olarak belirlenmiştir. İkinci aşamada ise
araziye yerleştirilen kolonilerin önünden yakalanan polen yüklü 50 adet işçi
arı için belirtilen morfolojik özellikler belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara
göre B. terrestris işçi arılarının
morfolojik özellikleri bakımından önemli varyasyon belirlenmiştir. Ancak polen
yükü ile sadece dil uzunluğu arasında önemli korelasyon hesaplanmış, diğer
belirlenen morfolojik özelliklerinin işçi arıların taşıdıkları polen yükü
üzerine güçlü bir etkisi belirlenmemiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Bombus terrestris morfolojik özellikler tozlaşma performansı polen yükü
Destekleyen Kurum
Tübitak
Proje Numarası
2241/A
Kaynakça
- Abou-Shaara, H.F., Al-Ghamdi, A.A. and Mohamed, A.A. 2013. Body Morphological Characteristics of Honey Bees. Agricultura, 10(1-2): 45–49.
- Araujo, E.D., Costa, M., Chaud-Netto, J. and Fowler, H.G. 2004. Body Size and Flight Distance in Stingless Bees (Hymenoptera: Meliponini): Inference of Flight Range and Possible Ecological Implications. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 64(3B): 563–568.
- Bosch, J., Kemp, W.P. and Peterson, S.S. 2000. Management of Osmia lignaria (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) Populations for Almond Pollination: Methods to Advance Bee Emergence. Environmental Entomology, 25(5): 874–883.
- Cariveau DP, Nayak GK, Bartomeus I, Zientek J, Ascher JS, Gibbs J, et al. (2016) The Allometry of Bee Proboscis Length and Its Uses in Ecology. PLoS ONE 11(3): e0151482. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0151482.
- Cariveau, D.P., Nayak G.K., Bartomeus I., Zientek J., Ascher J.S. and Gibbs J. 2016. The Allometry of Bee Proboscis Length and Its Uses in Ecology. PLoS ONE, 11(3): e0151482.
- Corbet, S.A., Fussell M. and Ake R. 1993. Temperature and The Pollinating Activity of Social Bees. Ecological Entomology, 18(1): 17–30.
- Couvillon, M.J. and Dornhaus, A. 2009. Location, Location, Location: Larvae Position Inside The Nest is Correlated with Adult Body Size in Worker Bumble-bees (Bombus impatiens). Proceedings of the Royal Society B. Biological Sciences, 276: 2411–2418.
- Couvillon, M.J., Dornhaus, A. and Fitzpatrick, G. 2010. Ambient Air Temperature Does Not Predict Whether Small or Large Workers Forage in BumbleBees (Bombus impatiens). Psyche, doi:10.1155/2010/536430.
- Davies, O.K., Groom, S.V.C., Ngo, H.T., Stevens, M.I. and Schwarz, M.P. 2013. Diversity and Origins of Fijian Leaf-Cutter Bees (Megachilidae). Pacific Science, 67(4): 561–570.
- Dornhaus, A. and Cameron, S.A. 2003. Scientific Note on Food Alert in Bombus transversalis. Apidologie, 34(1): 87–88.
- Dudley, R. and Ellington, C.P. 1990. Mechanics of Forward Flight in Bumblebees: I. Kinematics and Morphology. Journal of Experimental Biology, 148: 19–52.
- Goulson, D., Peat, J., Stout, J.C., Tucker, J., Darvill, B., Derwent, L.C. and Hughes, W.O.H. 2002. Can Alloethism in Workers of The Bumblebee, Bombus terrestris, Be Explained in Terms of Foraging Efficiency? Animal Behaviour, 64: 123–130.
- Goulson, D. 2003. Bumblebees: Behaviour and Ecology, (2nd edition), Oxford University, UK.
- Guerra-Sanz, J.M. 2008. Crop Pollination in Greenhoses. James, R.R., Pitts-Singer, T.L. (Ed.), Bee Pollination in Agriculture. Oxford University Press. New York. Pp: 27-47.
- Güler, A. 2017. Bal Arısı (Apis mellifera L.) Yetiştiriciliği Hastalıkları ve Ürünleri (1. Baskı) Bereket Akademi Yayınları, Ankara.
- Gösterit, A. 2012. Örtüaltı Yetiştiricilikte Bombus Arısı Kullanımı ve Türkiye’deki Durum. Standard Ekonomik ve Teknik Dergi, 601: 108–112.
- Gösterit, A., Gürel, F., Alagöz, M. ve Türk, M. 2017. Determination of Pollination Effectiveness of Different Pollinators on Alfalfa in Lakes Region of Turkey. 45. Apimondia Uluslararası Arıcılık Kongresi, 29 Eylül-4 Ekim, İstanbul, 125.
- Herrmann, J.D., Haddad, N.M. and Levey, D.J. 2018. Mean Body Size Predicts Colony Performance in The Common Eastern Bumble Bee (Bombus impatiens).Ecological Entomology, 43: 458–462.
- Inouye, D.W. 1980. The Effect of Proboscis and Corolla Tube Lengths on Patterns and Rates of Flower Visitation by Bumblebees. Oecologia, .45(2): 197–2010.
- Jandt, J.M. and Dornhaus, A. 2014. Bumblebee Response Thresholds and Body Size: Does Worker Diversity Increase Colony Performance? Animal Behaviour, 87: 97–106.
- Kingsolver, J.G. and Huey, R.B. 2008. Size, Temperature, and Fitness: Three Rules. Evolutionary Ecology Research, 10: 251–268.
- Leadbeater, E. and Chittka, L. 2009. Bumble-Bees Learn The Value of Social Cues Through Experience. Biology Letters, 5(3): 310–312.
- Molet, M., Chittka, L. and Raine, N.E. 2009. How Floral Odours Are Learned Inside The Bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) Nest. Naturwissenschaften, 96(2): 213–219.
- Mostajeran, M.A., Edriss, M.A. and Basiri, M.R. 2006. Analysis of Colony and Morphological Characteristics in Honey Bees (Apis mellifera meda). Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 9: 2685–2688.
- Peat, J., Tucker. J. and Goulson, D. 2005. Does Intraspecific Size Variation in Bumblebees Allow Colonies to Efficiently Exploit Different Flowers? Ecological Entomology. 30:176–181.
- Persson, A.S. and Smith, G.S. 2011. Bumblebee Colonies Produce Larger Foragers in Complex Landscapes. Basic and Applied Ecology, 12: 695–702.
- Ruttner, F. 1988. Biogeography and Taxonomy of Honeybees, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
- Türk, M., Gösterit, A., Alagöz, M. ve Buluş, İ.Y. 2018. Korunga Tohum Üretiminde Balarıların Rolü. 6. Uluslararası Muğla Arıcılık ve Çam Balı Kongresi, 15-19 Ekim, Muğla, 698.
- Vogt, F.D. and Heinrich, B. 1994. Abdominal Temperature Regulation by Arctic bumblebees. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology. 66(2): 257–269.
- Willmer, P.G., Bataw, A.A.M. and Hughes, J.P. 1994. The Superiority of Bumblebees to Honeybees as Pollinators: Insect Visits to Raspberry Flowers. Ecological Entomology. 19(3): 271–284.
Determination of Some Morphological Characters of Bombus terrestris L. Workers and Effect of Morphological Traits on Pollen Load
Öz
This study was conducted to determine some
morphological traits of Bombus terrestris
workers which is the most widely reared species. The correlation both between
morphological traits and between pollen load and morphological traits of
workers was also investigated. In the first stage of the study, some
morphological traits which may affect the collection and transporting of pollen
such as weight, tongue length, forewing width, forewing length, forewing index,
femur length, tibia length, metatarsus width, metatarsus length, hind leg
length and metatarsal index for 100 workers were determined. The worker weight
and tongue length were determined as 0.222 ± 0.005 gram and 8.080 ± 0.114 millimeters, respectively. In the second stage,
stated morphological traits were determined for 50 workers with pollen load
caught in front of the colonies in the field. According to results, significant
variation was determined in terms of the morphological traits of B. terrestris workers. However, a significant
correlation was calculated for only pollen load and tongue length. No
significant strong effect of other morphological traits on pollen load
transported by workers was determined.
Proje Numarası
2241/A
Kaynakça
- Abou-Shaara, H.F., Al-Ghamdi, A.A. and Mohamed, A.A. 2013. Body Morphological Characteristics of Honey Bees. Agricultura, 10(1-2): 45–49.
- Araujo, E.D., Costa, M., Chaud-Netto, J. and Fowler, H.G. 2004. Body Size and Flight Distance in Stingless Bees (Hymenoptera: Meliponini): Inference of Flight Range and Possible Ecological Implications. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 64(3B): 563–568.
- Bosch, J., Kemp, W.P. and Peterson, S.S. 2000. Management of Osmia lignaria (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) Populations for Almond Pollination: Methods to Advance Bee Emergence. Environmental Entomology, 25(5): 874–883.
- Cariveau DP, Nayak GK, Bartomeus I, Zientek J, Ascher JS, Gibbs J, et al. (2016) The Allometry of Bee Proboscis Length and Its Uses in Ecology. PLoS ONE 11(3): e0151482. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0151482.
- Cariveau, D.P., Nayak G.K., Bartomeus I., Zientek J., Ascher J.S. and Gibbs J. 2016. The Allometry of Bee Proboscis Length and Its Uses in Ecology. PLoS ONE, 11(3): e0151482.
- Corbet, S.A., Fussell M. and Ake R. 1993. Temperature and The Pollinating Activity of Social Bees. Ecological Entomology, 18(1): 17–30.
- Couvillon, M.J. and Dornhaus, A. 2009. Location, Location, Location: Larvae Position Inside The Nest is Correlated with Adult Body Size in Worker Bumble-bees (Bombus impatiens). Proceedings of the Royal Society B. Biological Sciences, 276: 2411–2418.
- Couvillon, M.J., Dornhaus, A. and Fitzpatrick, G. 2010. Ambient Air Temperature Does Not Predict Whether Small or Large Workers Forage in BumbleBees (Bombus impatiens). Psyche, doi:10.1155/2010/536430.
- Davies, O.K., Groom, S.V.C., Ngo, H.T., Stevens, M.I. and Schwarz, M.P. 2013. Diversity and Origins of Fijian Leaf-Cutter Bees (Megachilidae). Pacific Science, 67(4): 561–570.
- Dornhaus, A. and Cameron, S.A. 2003. Scientific Note on Food Alert in Bombus transversalis. Apidologie, 34(1): 87–88.
- Dudley, R. and Ellington, C.P. 1990. Mechanics of Forward Flight in Bumblebees: I. Kinematics and Morphology. Journal of Experimental Biology, 148: 19–52.
- Goulson, D., Peat, J., Stout, J.C., Tucker, J., Darvill, B., Derwent, L.C. and Hughes, W.O.H. 2002. Can Alloethism in Workers of The Bumblebee, Bombus terrestris, Be Explained in Terms of Foraging Efficiency? Animal Behaviour, 64: 123–130.
- Goulson, D. 2003. Bumblebees: Behaviour and Ecology, (2nd edition), Oxford University, UK.
- Guerra-Sanz, J.M. 2008. Crop Pollination in Greenhoses. James, R.R., Pitts-Singer, T.L. (Ed.), Bee Pollination in Agriculture. Oxford University Press. New York. Pp: 27-47.
- Güler, A. 2017. Bal Arısı (Apis mellifera L.) Yetiştiriciliği Hastalıkları ve Ürünleri (1. Baskı) Bereket Akademi Yayınları, Ankara.
- Gösterit, A. 2012. Örtüaltı Yetiştiricilikte Bombus Arısı Kullanımı ve Türkiye’deki Durum. Standard Ekonomik ve Teknik Dergi, 601: 108–112.
- Gösterit, A., Gürel, F., Alagöz, M. ve Türk, M. 2017. Determination of Pollination Effectiveness of Different Pollinators on Alfalfa in Lakes Region of Turkey. 45. Apimondia Uluslararası Arıcılık Kongresi, 29 Eylül-4 Ekim, İstanbul, 125.
- Herrmann, J.D., Haddad, N.M. and Levey, D.J. 2018. Mean Body Size Predicts Colony Performance in The Common Eastern Bumble Bee (Bombus impatiens).Ecological Entomology, 43: 458–462.
- Inouye, D.W. 1980. The Effect of Proboscis and Corolla Tube Lengths on Patterns and Rates of Flower Visitation by Bumblebees. Oecologia, .45(2): 197–2010.
- Jandt, J.M. and Dornhaus, A. 2014. Bumblebee Response Thresholds and Body Size: Does Worker Diversity Increase Colony Performance? Animal Behaviour, 87: 97–106.
- Kingsolver, J.G. and Huey, R.B. 2008. Size, Temperature, and Fitness: Three Rules. Evolutionary Ecology Research, 10: 251–268.
- Leadbeater, E. and Chittka, L. 2009. Bumble-Bees Learn The Value of Social Cues Through Experience. Biology Letters, 5(3): 310–312.
- Molet, M., Chittka, L. and Raine, N.E. 2009. How Floral Odours Are Learned Inside The Bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) Nest. Naturwissenschaften, 96(2): 213–219.
- Mostajeran, M.A., Edriss, M.A. and Basiri, M.R. 2006. Analysis of Colony and Morphological Characteristics in Honey Bees (Apis mellifera meda). Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 9: 2685–2688.
- Peat, J., Tucker. J. and Goulson, D. 2005. Does Intraspecific Size Variation in Bumblebees Allow Colonies to Efficiently Exploit Different Flowers? Ecological Entomology. 30:176–181.
- Persson, A.S. and Smith, G.S. 2011. Bumblebee Colonies Produce Larger Foragers in Complex Landscapes. Basic and Applied Ecology, 12: 695–702.
- Ruttner, F. 1988. Biogeography and Taxonomy of Honeybees, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
- Türk, M., Gösterit, A., Alagöz, M. ve Buluş, İ.Y. 2018. Korunga Tohum Üretiminde Balarıların Rolü. 6. Uluslararası Muğla Arıcılık ve Çam Balı Kongresi, 15-19 Ekim, Muğla, 698.
- Vogt, F.D. and Heinrich, B. 1994. Abdominal Temperature Regulation by Arctic bumblebees. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology. 66(2): 257–269.
- Willmer, P.G., Bataw, A.A.M. and Hughes, J.P. 1994. The Superiority of Bumblebees to Honeybees as Pollinators: Insect Visits to Raspberry Flowers. Ecological Entomology. 19(3): 271–284.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Hayvansal Üretim (Diğer) |
| Bölüm | Araştıma |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | 2241/A |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 23 Aralık 2019 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 8 Ekim 2019 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 4 Kasım 2019 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2019 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2 |
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