Araştırma Makalesi
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Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 73 - 84, 07.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.51801/turkjrfs.1386240

Öz

Kaynakça

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  • Albayrak, S., Türk, M., Yüksel, O., & Yilmaz, M. (2011). Forage Yield and the Quality of Perennial Legume-Grass Mixtures under Rainfed Conditions. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 39(1), 114. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha3915853
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  • Bani, P., Minuti, A., Luraschi, O., Ligabue, M., & Ruozzi, F. (2007). Genetic and environmental influences onin vitrodigestibility of alfalfa. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 6(sup1), 251-253. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2007.1s.251
  • Barnes, R. F., Nelson, C., Collins, M., & Moore, K. (2003). Forages. Volume 1: An introduction to grassland agriculture. (Vol. 1).
  • Barneze, A. S., Whitaker, J., McNamara, N. P., & Ostle, N. J. (2020). Legumes increase grassland productivity with no effect on nitrous oxide emissions. Plant and Soil, 446(1-2), 163-177. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-04338-w
  • Baron, V. S., Dick, A. C., & King, J. R. (2000). Leaf and stem mass characteristics of cool‐season grasses grown in the Canadian Parkland. Agronomy Journal, 92(1), 54-63. https://doi.org/ https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2000.92154x
  • Bhattarai, S., Coulman, B., & Biligetu, B. (2016). Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.): renewed interest as a forage legume for western Canada. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 96(5), 748-756. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2015-0378
  • Biligetu, B., Jefferson, P. G., Muri, R., & Schellenberg, M. P. (2014). Late summer forage yield, nutritive value, compatibility of warm- and cool-season grasses seeded with legumes in western Canada. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 94(7), 1139-1148. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps2013-269
  • Bork, E. W., Gabruck, D. T., McLeod, E. M., & Hall, L. M. (2017). Five-Year Forage Dynamics Arising from Four Legume-Grass Seed Mixes. Agronomy Journal, 109(6), 2789-2799. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2017.02.0069
  • Brink, G., Sanderson, M., & Casler, M. (2015). Grass and legume effects on nutritive value of complex forage mixtures. Crop Science, 55(3), 1329-1337. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2014.09.0666
  • Bruno-Soares, A. M., Abreu, J. M. F., Guedes, C. V. M., & Dias-Da-Silva, A. A. (2000). Chemical composition, DM and NDF degradation kinetics in rumen of seven legume straws. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 83(1), 75-80. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-8401(99)00113-3
  • Canbolat, Ö., & Karaman, Ş. (2009). Comparison of in VitroGas Production, Organic Matter Digestibility, Relative Feed Value and Metabolizable Energy Contents of Some Legume Forages. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 15(2), 188-195. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1501/Tarimbil_0000001090
  • Castillo, M. S., Sollenberger, L. E., Mullenix, M. K., Blount, A. R., Williams, M. J., & Mackowiak, C. L. (2015). Grazing Management Affects Establishment Performance of Rhizoma Peanut Strip Planted into Bahiagrass Pasture. Crop Science, 55(5), 2384-2389. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2015.02.0090
  • Cinar, S., & Hatipoglu, R. (2015). Quality Characteristics of The Mixtures of Some Warm Season Perennial Grasses With Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.) Under Irrigated Conditions of Cukurova. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.17557/.36336
  • Cox, S., Peel, M. D., Creech, J. E., Waldron, B. L., Eun, J.-S., Zobell, D. R., Miller, R. L., & Snyder, D. L. (2017). Forage Production of Grass-Legume Binary Mixtures on Intermountain Western USA Irrigated Pastures. Crop Science, 57(3), 1742-1753. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2016.04.0235
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Performances of Some Perennial Legume and Grass Mixtures under Rainfed Conditions of a Continental Climate Region

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 73 - 84, 07.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.51801/turkjrfs.1386240

Öz

Forage yield and the quality of the pastures in Turkey, especially in Central Anatolia, where the continental climate is dominant, are very low, and their vegetation is degraded to a great extent due to use without proper management practices. The inadequacy of the forage crop production in agricultural land and the low yield and quality of forage are among the main problems of husbandry. The present study aimed to determine perennial legume and grass mixtures with high forage yield and quality under rainfed conditions of the continental climate region in Turkey. The experimental design was randomized blocks with three replications. In the experiment, smooth brome (SB), intermediate wheatgrass (IW), alfalfa (A), sainfoin (S), and lesser burnet (LB) were sown as pure and mixed in different ratios. Two years averaged values of dry matter yield and crude protein, Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF), and Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) contents of dry matter varied between 2613 and 6268 kg ha-1;118 and 205 g kg-1; 249 and 424 g kg-1, 416 and 558 g kg-1, respectively. Higher dry matter yields were obtained from A+S+IW+SB, S+LB+IW+SB, A+LB+IW+SB, S+IW, and A+IW+SB mixtures. The pure sowings of the SB, IW, and LB gave lower dry matter yields than the mixtures. Crude protein contents of alfalfa and sainfoin were higher than other pure sowings and mixtures. The ADF and NDF contents of mixtures were higher than those of pure sown of alfalfa, sainfoin, and lesser burnet, they were lower than those of IW and SB. In terms of dry matter yield, crude protein yield, ADF and NDF content, A+S+IW+SB, A+LB+IW+SB, and S+LB+IW+SB mixtures were superior to other mixtures and pure sowings. Alfalfa may be predominant in mixtures over time, and animal health problems may occur under grazing conditions. Therefore, the mixtures of A+S+IW+SB and A+LB+IW+SB can be recommended for mowing, while the S+LB+IW+SB mixtures can be recommended for grazing.

Kaynakça

  • Açıkgöz, E. (2021). Yem Bitkileri (Vol. I). Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı, Bitkisel Üretim Genel Müdürlüğü.
  • Albayrak, S., & Türk, M. (2013). Changes in the forage yield and quality of legume–grass mixtures throughout a vegetation period. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 37(2), 139-147. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3906/tar-1202-73
  • Albayrak, S., Türk, M., Yüksel, O., & Yilmaz, M. (2011). Forage Yield and the Quality of Perennial Legume-Grass Mixtures under Rainfed Conditions. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 39(1), 114. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha3915853
  • Altın, M., Gokkus, A., & Koc, A. (2021). Meadow and Range Improvement and Development. Palme Publ. Inc, .
  • ANKOM. (2005). Method for determining acid detergent lignin in beakers. ANKOM Technology. Retrieved Nov. 15, 2022 from https://www.ankom.com/sites/default/files/document-files/Method_8_Lignin_in_beakers_0.pdf
  • Annicchiarico, P., Collins, R. P., De Ron, A. M., Firmat, C., Litrico, I., & Hauggaard-Nielsen, H. (2019). Do we need specific breeding for legume-based mixtures? In D. L. Sparks (Ed.), Advances in Agronomy (Vol. 157, pp. 141-215). Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.agron.2019.04.001
  • Anonymous. (2012). Result Report of National Rangeland Management Project (Project Number: 106G017)
  • AOAC. (1990). Method 990.03: Protein in Animal Feed. In G. W. Latimer (Ed.), Official methods of analysis (19th ed.). AOAC International.
  • Aponte, A., Samarappuli, D., & Berti, M. T. (2019). Alfalfa–Grass Mixtures in Comparison to Grass and Alfalfa Monocultures. Agronomy Journal, 111(2), 628-638. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2017.12.0753
  • Bani, P., Minuti, A., Luraschi, O., Ligabue, M., & Ruozzi, F. (2007). Genetic and environmental influences onin vitrodigestibility of alfalfa. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 6(sup1), 251-253. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2007.1s.251
  • Barnes, R. F., Nelson, C., Collins, M., & Moore, K. (2003). Forages. Volume 1: An introduction to grassland agriculture. (Vol. 1).
  • Barneze, A. S., Whitaker, J., McNamara, N. P., & Ostle, N. J. (2020). Legumes increase grassland productivity with no effect on nitrous oxide emissions. Plant and Soil, 446(1-2), 163-177. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-04338-w
  • Baron, V. S., Dick, A. C., & King, J. R. (2000). Leaf and stem mass characteristics of cool‐season grasses grown in the Canadian Parkland. Agronomy Journal, 92(1), 54-63. https://doi.org/ https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2000.92154x
  • Bhattarai, S., Coulman, B., & Biligetu, B. (2016). Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.): renewed interest as a forage legume for western Canada. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 96(5), 748-756. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2015-0378
  • Biligetu, B., Jefferson, P. G., Muri, R., & Schellenberg, M. P. (2014). Late summer forage yield, nutritive value, compatibility of warm- and cool-season grasses seeded with legumes in western Canada. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 94(7), 1139-1148. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps2013-269
  • Bork, E. W., Gabruck, D. T., McLeod, E. M., & Hall, L. M. (2017). Five-Year Forage Dynamics Arising from Four Legume-Grass Seed Mixes. Agronomy Journal, 109(6), 2789-2799. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2017.02.0069
  • Brink, G., Sanderson, M., & Casler, M. (2015). Grass and legume effects on nutritive value of complex forage mixtures. Crop Science, 55(3), 1329-1337. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2014.09.0666
  • Bruno-Soares, A. M., Abreu, J. M. F., Guedes, C. V. M., & Dias-Da-Silva, A. A. (2000). Chemical composition, DM and NDF degradation kinetics in rumen of seven legume straws. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 83(1), 75-80. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-8401(99)00113-3
  • Canbolat, Ö., & Karaman, Ş. (2009). Comparison of in VitroGas Production, Organic Matter Digestibility, Relative Feed Value and Metabolizable Energy Contents of Some Legume Forages. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 15(2), 188-195. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1501/Tarimbil_0000001090
  • Castillo, M. S., Sollenberger, L. E., Mullenix, M. K., Blount, A. R., Williams, M. J., & Mackowiak, C. L. (2015). Grazing Management Affects Establishment Performance of Rhizoma Peanut Strip Planted into Bahiagrass Pasture. Crop Science, 55(5), 2384-2389. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2015.02.0090
  • Cinar, S., & Hatipoglu, R. (2015). Quality Characteristics of The Mixtures of Some Warm Season Perennial Grasses With Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.) Under Irrigated Conditions of Cukurova. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.17557/.36336
  • Cox, S., Peel, M. D., Creech, J. E., Waldron, B. L., Eun, J.-S., Zobell, D. R., Miller, R. L., & Snyder, D. L. (2017). Forage Production of Grass-Legume Binary Mixtures on Intermountain Western USA Irrigated Pastures. Crop Science, 57(3), 1742-1753. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2016.04.0235
  • Cui, S., Allen, V. G., Brown, C. P., & Wester, D. B. (2013). Growth and Nutritive Value of Three Old World Bluestems and Three Legumes in the Semiarid Texas High Plains. Crop Science, 53(1), 329-340. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2012.02.0107
  • Ćupina, B., Vujić, S., Krstić, D., Djurić, B., Aliu, S., Manojlović, M., Čabilovski, R., & Lombnaes, P. (2017). Performance of legume–grass mixtures in the West Balkan region. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B—Soil & Plant Science, 67(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2016.1208268
  • Dhakal, D., & Islam, M. (2018). Grass-Legume Mixtures for Improved Soil Health in Cultivated Agroecosystem. Sustainability, 10(8), 2718. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10082718
  • Elgersma, A., & Søegaard, K. (2016). Effects of species diversity on seasonal variation in herbage yield and nutritive value of seven binary grass-legume mixtures and pure grass under cutting. European Journal of Agronomy, 78, 73-83. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2016.04.011
  • Elgersma, A., Søegaard, K., & Jensen, S. K. (2014). Herbage dry-matter production and forage quality of three legumes and four non-leguminous forbs grown in single-species stands. Grass and Forage Science, 69(4), 705-716. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12104
  • Foster, A., Vera, C. L., Malhi, S. S., & Clarke, F. R. (2014). Forage yield of simple and complex grass–legume mixtures under two management strategies. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 94(1), 41-50. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2013-095
  • Gierus, M., Kleen, J., Loges, R., & Taube, F. (2012). Forage legume species determine the nutritional quality of binary mixtures with perennial ryegrass in the first production year. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 172(3-4), 150-161. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.12.026
  • Gökkuş, A., Koç, A., Serın, Y., Comakli, B., Tan, M., & Kantar, F. (1999). Hay yield and nitrogen harvest in smooth bromegrass mixtures with alfalfa and red clover in relation to nitrogen application. European Journal of Agronomy, 10(2), 145-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1161-0301(98)00061-6
  • Grev, A. M., Wells, M. S., Samac, D. A., Martinson, K. L., & Sheaffer, C. C. (2017). Forage Accumulation and Nutritive Value of Reduced Lignin and Reference Alfalfa Cultivars. Agronomy Journal, 109(6), 2749-2761. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2017.04.0237
  • Gürsoy, E., Kaya, A., & Gül, M. (2021). Determining the nutrient content, energy, and in vitro true digestibility of some grass forage plants. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 417-422. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2021.v33.i5.2696
  • Helgadóttir, Á., Suter, M., Gylfadóttir, T. Ó., Kristjánsdóttir, T. A., & Lüscher, A. (2018). Grass–legume mixtures sustain strong yield advantage over monocultures under cool maritime growing conditions over a period of 5 years. Annals of Botany, 122(2), 337-348. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcy074
  • Hoffman, P. C., Shaver, R. D., Combs, D. K., Undersander, D. J., Bauman, L. M., & Seeger, T. K. (2001). Understanding NDF digestibility of forages. Focus on forage, 3(10), 1-3. https://fyi.extension.wisc.edu/forage/files/2014/01/NDFDig.pdf
  • Jeranyama, P., & Garcia, A. D. (2004). Understanding relative feed value (RFV) and relative forage quality (RFQ). Retrieved Nov. 15, 2022 from https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1351&context=extension_extra
  • Johansen, M., Lund, P., & Weisbjerg, M. (2018). Feed intake and milk production in dairy cows fed different grass and legume species: a meta-analysis. Animal, 12(1), 66-75. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731117001215
  • Kaplan, M., Kamalak, A., Kasra, A. A., & Güven, İ. (2014). Effect of maturity stages on potential nutritive value, methane production and condensed tannin content of Sanguisorba minor hay. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(3), 445-449. https://doi.org/10.9775/kvfd.2013.10383
  • Lardy, G. (2018). Quality forage series: Forage Nutrition for Ruminants. North Dakota State Univ. Fargo, North, 1250, 1-16. https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/sites/default/files/2022-07/as1250.pdf
  • Lüscher, A., Mueller‐Harvey, I., Soussana, J. F., Rees, R. M., & Peyraud, J. L. (2014). Potential of legume‐based grassland-livestock systems in Europe: a review. Grass and Forage Science, 69(2), 206-228. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12124
  • Malisch, C. S., Suter, D., Studer, B., & Lüscher, A. (2017). Multifunctional benefits of sainfoin mixtures: Effects of partner species, sowing density and cutting regime. Grass and Forage Science, 72(4), 794-805. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12278
  • Mandebvu, P., Klingener, J. L., Lacoss, D. D., Ballard, C. S., Sniffen, C. J., & Kramer, S. R. (2001). Effects of source and level of nitrogen, and changing buffer/ruminal fluid at 48 h on in vitro digestion of feedstuffs. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 93(1-2), 43-54. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-8401(01)00268-1
  • McDonald, I., Baral, R., & Min, D. (2021). Effects of alfalfa and alfalfa-grass mixtures with nitrogen fertilization on dry matter yield and forage nutritive value. Journal of Animal Science and Technology, 63(2), 305-318. https://doi.org/10.5187/jast.2021.e33
  • McElroy, M., Papadopoulos, Y. A., Glover, K. E., Dong, Z., Fillmore, S. A. E., & Johnston, M. O. (2016). Interactions between Cultivars of Legumes Species (Trifolium pratense L., Medicago sativa L.) and Grasses (Phleum pratense L., Lolium perenne L.) Under Different Nitrogen Levels. Canadian Journal of Plant Science. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2016-0130
  • Meza, K., Vanek, S. J., Sueldo, Y., Olivera, E., Ccanto, R., Scurrah, M., & Fonte, S. J. (2022). Grass–Legume Mixtures Show Potential to Increase Above- and Belowground Biomass Production for Andean Forage-Based Fallows. Agronomy, 12(1), 142. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12010142
  • Mülayim, M., Acar, R., & Demirbag, N. Ş. (2009). Çayır Düğmesi (Sanguisorba minor Scop.). In R. Avcıoglu, Hatipoglu, R., Karadag, Y (Ed.), Yem Bitkileri, Buğdaygil ve Diğer Familyalardan Yem Bitkileri (Vol. III, pp. 757-764). Tarım ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı, Tarımsal Üretim ve Geliştirme Genel Müdürlüğü.
  • Sanderson, M., Soder, K., Muller, L., Klement, K., Skinner, R., & Goslee, S. (2005). Forage mixture productivity and botanical composition in pastures grazed by dairy cattle. Agronomy Journal, 97(5), 1465-1471. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2005.0032
  • Sanderson, M. A., Brink, G., Stout, R., & Ruth, L. (2013). Grass–Legume Proportions in Forage Seed Mixtures and Effects on Herbage Yield and Weed Abundance. Agronomy Journal, 105(5), 1289-1297. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2013.0131
  • Serajchi, M., Schellenberg, M. P., Mischkolz, J. M., & Lamb, E. G. (2018). Mixtures of native perennial forage species produce higher yields than monocultures in a long-term study. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 98(3), 633-647. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2017-0087
  • Solati, Z., Manevski, K., Jørgensen, U., Labouriau, R., Shahbazi, S., & Lærke, P. E. (2018). Crude protein yield and theoretical extractable true protein of potential biorefinery feedstocks. Industrial Crops and Products, 115, 214-226. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.02.010
  • Steel, R. G. D., & Torrie, J. H. (1980). Principles and procedures of statistics, a biometrical approach. McGraw-Hill Kogakusha, Ltd.
  • Sturludóttir, E., Brophy, C., Bélanger, G., Gustavsson, A. M., Jørgensen, M., Lunnan, T., & Helgadóttir, Á. (2014). Benefits of mixing grasses and legumes for herbage yield and nutritive value in Northern Europe and Canada. Grass and Forage Science, 69(2), 229-240. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12037
  • Suryanah, S., Rochana, A., Susilawati, I., & Indiriani, N. P. (2018). Ramie (Boehmeria nivea) Plant Nutrient Quality as Feed Forage at Various Cut Ages. Animal Production, 19(2), 111. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jap.2017.19.2.590
  • Tessema, Z., & Baars, R. (2006). Chemical composition, dry matter production and yield dynamics of tropical grasses mixed with perennial forage legumes. Tropical Grasslands, 40(3), 150-156. https://www.tropicalgrasslands.info/public/journals/4/Historic/Tropical%20Grasslands%20Journal%20archive/ PDFs/Vol_40_2006/Vol_40_03_2006_pp150_156.pdf
  • Tessema, Z. K., & Feleke, B. S. (2018). Yield, yield dynamics and nutritional quality of grass-legume mixed pasture. Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 28(1), 155-164. https://www.thejaps.org.pk/docs/v-28-01/21.pdf
  • Unathi, G., Nobulungisa, M., & Solomon, T. B. (2018). Benefits of grass-legume inter-cropping in livestock systems. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 13(26), 1311-1319. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajar2018.13172
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  • Villalba, J. J., Cabassu, R., & Gunter, S. (2015). Forage choice in pasturelands: Influence on cattle foraging behavior and performance. Journal of Animal Science, 93(4), 1729-1740. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2014-8667
  • Yavuz, T., & Karadağ, Y. (2016). Performances of some forage grasses, legumes and their mixtures under dry pasture conditions. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University, 33(2), 63-71. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.13002/jafag981
  • Yavuz, T., Kır, H., & Gül, V. (2020). Evaluation of Roughage Production Potential in Türkiye: The Case of Kırşehir Province [Review]. Turkish Journal of Agricultural Research, 7(3), 345-352. https://doi.org/ https://doi.org/10.19159/tutad.728119
  • Yüksel, O., & Balabanli, C. (2021). Yield and Some Quality Properties of Binary Alfalfa-Grass Mixtures in Different Mixture Ratios. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 9(6), 1020-1029. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v9i6.1020-1029.4035
  • Zemenchik, R. A., Albrecht, K. A., & Shaver, R. D. (2002). Improved Nutritive Value of Kura Clover– and Birdsfoot Trefoil–Grass Mixtures Compared with Grass Monocultures. Agronomy Journal, 94(5), 1131-1138. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2002.1131
Toplam 61 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Agronomi
Bölüm Research Articles
Yazarlar

Tamer Yavuz 0000-0002-7374-7899

Hakan Kır 0000-0002-3124-0491

Yayımlanma Tarihi 7 Aralık 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 5 Kasım 2023
Kabul Tarihi 16 Kasım 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Yavuz, T., & Kır, H. (2023). Performances of Some Perennial Legume and Grass Mixtures under Rainfed Conditions of a Continental Climate Region. Turkish Journal of Range and Forage Science, 4(2), 73-84. https://doi.org/10.51801/turkjrfs.1386240
AMA Yavuz T, Kır H. Performances of Some Perennial Legume and Grass Mixtures under Rainfed Conditions of a Continental Climate Region. Turk.J.R.For.Sci. Aralık 2023;4(2):73-84. doi:10.51801/turkjrfs.1386240
Chicago Yavuz, Tamer, ve Hakan Kır. “Performances of Some Perennial Legume and Grass Mixtures under Rainfed Conditions of a Continental Climate Region”. Turkish Journal of Range and Forage Science 4, sy. 2 (Aralık 2023): 73-84. https://doi.org/10.51801/turkjrfs.1386240.
EndNote Yavuz T, Kır H (01 Aralık 2023) Performances of Some Perennial Legume and Grass Mixtures under Rainfed Conditions of a Continental Climate Region. Turkish Journal of Range and Forage Science 4 2 73–84.
IEEE T. Yavuz ve H. Kır, “Performances of Some Perennial Legume and Grass Mixtures under Rainfed Conditions of a Continental Climate Region”, Turk.J.R.For.Sci., c. 4, sy. 2, ss. 73–84, 2023, doi: 10.51801/turkjrfs.1386240.
ISNAD Yavuz, Tamer - Kır, Hakan. “Performances of Some Perennial Legume and Grass Mixtures under Rainfed Conditions of a Continental Climate Region”. Turkish Journal of Range and Forage Science 4/2 (Aralık 2023), 73-84. https://doi.org/10.51801/turkjrfs.1386240.
JAMA Yavuz T, Kır H. Performances of Some Perennial Legume and Grass Mixtures under Rainfed Conditions of a Continental Climate Region. Turk.J.R.For.Sci. 2023;4:73–84.
MLA Yavuz, Tamer ve Hakan Kır. “Performances of Some Perennial Legume and Grass Mixtures under Rainfed Conditions of a Continental Climate Region”. Turkish Journal of Range and Forage Science, c. 4, sy. 2, 2023, ss. 73-84, doi:10.51801/turkjrfs.1386240.
Vancouver Yavuz T, Kır H. Performances of Some Perennial Legume and Grass Mixtures under Rainfed Conditions of a Continental Climate Region. Turk.J.R.For.Sci. 2023;4(2):73-84.

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