Derleme
Yıl 2017,
Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 17 - 20, 30.06.2017
Öz
Sık dikim sistemleri; zeytin yetiştiriciliğinde birim alandan alınan verimi arttırmak, hasat maliyetini düşürmek,
budama ve ilaçlama işlemlerini kolaylaştırmak için son yıllarda başvurulan bir yöntemdir. Bu amaçla, özellikle
yağlık zeytin yetiştiriciliğinde İspanya, İtalya, ABD, İsrail ve Avustralya başta olmak üzere, çoğu ülkelerde
zeytin yetiştiriciliğinde dekara 200-300 bitkinin dikildiği süper sık dikim yetiştiriciliği hız kazanmaya başlamıştır.
Özellikle İspanyol ve İtalyan çeşitleri sık dikimlerde yoğun olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ancak her ülke kendi mevcut
zeytin çeşitlerinden sık dikime uygun çeşitleri saptamak ve yeni çeşitler elde edebilmek için ıslah çalışmaları
yürütmektedir. Türkiye süper sık dikim zeytin yetiştiriciliğinin yapılmadığı ülke konumundadır. Son yıllarda
süper sık dikime uygun bazı İspanyol zeytin çeşitleri ile bahçeler kurulmaya başlanmış, ancak üreticiler bu
çeşitleri küçük alanlarda geleneksel yöntemlere göre yetiştirdikleri için sonuçlar olumsuz olmuştur.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Anonim. 2007. Food: Superintensive Olive Gardens Set Root in Mediterranean.http://www.medibtikar.eu/+Food-SuperintensiveOlive-Gardens+.html. Anonim. 2008a. ZeytinYetiştiriciliği. HasatYayıncılık. Anonim. 2008b. http://www.provedo.com/html/eng/olivo_superintensivo.htm Atmaca, S.,Ülger, S. 2017. Gemlik Zeytin Çeşidinin Sık Dikime ve Farklı Budama Uygulamalarına Uygunluğunun Araştırılması:2007-2010 dönemi. MediterraneanAgriculturalSciences, 30(1): 1-5. Bandino, G., Moro, C., Sedda, P.,Mulas, M. 2002. The Bosana as a Cultivar for Intensive Olive Growing. Acta Horticulturea, 586: 217-220. Camposeo, S., Ferrara, G., Palasciano, M.,Godini, A. 2008. Varietal Behaviour According to the Superintensive Olive Culture Training System. Acta Horticulturea, 791: 271-274. Cunill, M., Duran, S., Mestre, M., Bordas, M. 2006. Seleccion de Variedades Mejoradasde Olivo Adaptadas a Condiciones de Produccion Super Intensiva. Actas de Horticultura, 45: 183-184. De La Rosa, R., Leon, L., Barranco, D., Rallo, L. 2006. El Programa de Mejorageneticade Olivo de Cordoba. Actas de Horticultura, 45: 195-196. De La Rosa, R., Leon, L., Guerreo, N., Rallo, L., Barranco, D. 2007. Preliminary Results of an Olive Cultivar Trial at High Density. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 58(5): 392-395. Dikmen, İ., Uysal, S. 1985. Entansif Plantasyonlarda Aralık ve Mesafeler Üzerinde Araştırma. Zeytincilik Araştırma Enstitüsü. Sonuçlanmış proje raporu. Farinelli, D.,Tombesi, S. 2015. Performance and Oil Quality of ‘Arbequina’ and Four Italian Olive Cultivars Under Super High Density Hedgerow Planting System Cultivated in Central Italy. Scientia Horticulturae, 192: 97-107. Godini, A., Camposeo, S.,Scavo, V. 2006a. Agronomic Aspects of Superintensive Olive Cultivation. InformatoreAgrario, 62(1): 65-67. Godini, A., Palasciano, M., Ferrara, G.,Camposeo, S. 2006b. Key Observations on the Agronomic Behaviour of Olive Cultivars Grown Under the Superintensive Model.Rivista di Frutticoltura e di Ortofloricoltura, 68(3): 40-44. Godini, A., Vivaldi, G.A.,Camposeo, C. 2011. Olive Cultivars Field-Tested in Super-High-Density System in Southern Italy. California Agriculture, 65(1): 39-40. Gucci, R. 2006. Modern Training Systems for Olive. Olea (FAO Olive Network, Information Bulletin of the Escorena and Aarinena Research Networks on Olive) 25: 36-38. Guerfel, M., Ouni, Y.,Boujnah, D. 2010a. Effects of The Planting Density on Water Relations and Production of ‘Chemlali’ Olive Trees (Olea europaeaL.). Trees,24: 1137-1142. Guerfel, M., Zaghdoud, C., Jebahi, K., Bojnah, D.,Zarrouk, M. 2010b. Effects of The Planting Density on Virgin Olive Oil Quality of ‘Chemlali’ Olive Trees (Olea europaea L.).Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 58(23): 1469-1472. Hmida, A.A. 2010. Rentabilite de en Modes de Production Intensifet Super-Intensif Dans le Haouzau Maroc.Mediterranean Journal of Economics, 9(1): 31-34. İsfendiyaroğlu, M. 2016.Süper Entansif (Sık Dikim) Zeytin Yetiştiriciliği.www.bodurzeytin.gen.tr Kaleci, N., Yalçınkaya, E. 2006. Gemlik Zeytin Çeşidinde Sık Dikimin Ağaç Gelişimi ve Verimi Üzerine Etkileri. Bahçe, 35(1-2): 39-45. Kaynaş, N., Yalçınkaya, E., Ergun, M.E., Sütçü, R. 2001. Marmara Bölgesinde Yetiştirilen Gemlik Zeytininde Sık Dikim. www.arastirma_yalova.gov.tr Larbi, A., Ayadi, M., BenDhiab, A., Msallem, M., Caballero, J.M. 2011. Olive Cultivars Suitability for High-Density Orchards. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 9(4): 1279-1286. Larbi, A., Ayadi, M., BenDhiab, A., Msallem, M., Caballero, J.M. 2012. Planting Density Affects Vigour and Production of ‘Arbequina’ Olive. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(4): 1081-1089. Lavee, S., Haskal, A.,Avidan, B. 2012. The Effect of Planting Distances and Tree Shape on Yield and Harvest Efficiency of cv. Manzanillo Table Olives. Scientia Horticulturae, 142: 166-173. Leon, L., De La Rosa, R., Barranco, D., Rallo, L. 2007a. Breeding for Early Bearing in Olive. Hortscience, 42 (3): 499-502. Leon, L., De La Rosa, R., Ralla, L., Guerrero, N.,Barranco, D. 2007b. Influence of Spacing on the Initial Production of Hedgerow ‘Arbequina’ Olive Orchards. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 5(4): 554-56. Mountier, N.,Ricard, J.M., LeVerge, S. 2010. Vigour Control of the Olive Tree in a High Density Planting System: Two Experimental Approaches. XXVIII International Horticultural Congress on Science and Horticulture for People (IHC2010): Olive Trends Symposium- From the Olive Tree to Olive Oil: New Trends and Future Challenges, 924: 185-193. Rallo, L.,Barranco, D., Castro-Garcia, S., Connor, D. J., Gömez del Campo, M.,Rallo, P. 2013. High-Density Olive Plantations, in Horticultural Reviews Volume 41 (ed J. Janick), John Wiley&Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. doi: 10.1002/9781118707418.ch07 Rosati, A.,Paoletti, A., Caporali, S., Perri, E. 2013. The Role Tree Architecture in Super High Density Olive Orchards. Scientia Horticulturae, 161:24-29. Tous, J., Romero, A., Plana, J., Baiges, F. 1999. Planting Density Trial with ‘Arbequina’ Olive Cultivar in Catalonia (Spain). Third International Symposium on Olive Growing, 1(474): 177-180. Tous, J., Romero, A., Plana, J. 2003. Super intensive Olive Groves: Behavior of Six Varieties. Agricultura Revista Agropecuaria, 72(851): 346- 350. Tous, J., Romero, A., Plana J.,Hermoso, J.F. 2008. Olive Oil Cultivars Suitable for Very-High Density Planting Conditions. Proceedings of The Fifth International Symposium on Olive Growing, 1(791): 403-408.
Yıl 2017,
Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 17 - 20, 30.06.2017
Öz
High density planting system is used for olive cultivation in recent years in order to increase the yield per unit
area, reduce the cost of harvesting and ease pruning and spraying treatments. For this purpose, super high density
planting (200-300 plants per decare) for oil olive cultivation started to increase in most countries, especially in
Spain, Italy, USA, Israel and Australia. Particularly Spanish and Italian varieties are used commonly in high
density planting. However, each country conducts breeding programmers in order to determine current olive
varieties in the country and create new varieties for high density planting. Super high density planting in olive
cultivation is not practiced in Turkey. In recent years, olive plantings were established with some Spanish olive
varieties which are suitable for super high density planting. However, growers had negative results due to
growing plants in small fields with conventional methods.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Anonim. 2007. Food: Superintensive Olive Gardens Set Root in Mediterranean.http://www.medibtikar.eu/+Food-SuperintensiveOlive-Gardens+.html. Anonim. 2008a. ZeytinYetiştiriciliği. HasatYayıncılık. Anonim. 2008b. http://www.provedo.com/html/eng/olivo_superintensivo.htm Atmaca, S.,Ülger, S. 2017. Gemlik Zeytin Çeşidinin Sık Dikime ve Farklı Budama Uygulamalarına Uygunluğunun Araştırılması:2007-2010 dönemi. MediterraneanAgriculturalSciences, 30(1): 1-5. Bandino, G., Moro, C., Sedda, P.,Mulas, M. 2002. The Bosana as a Cultivar for Intensive Olive Growing. Acta Horticulturea, 586: 217-220. Camposeo, S., Ferrara, G., Palasciano, M.,Godini, A. 2008. Varietal Behaviour According to the Superintensive Olive Culture Training System. Acta Horticulturea, 791: 271-274. Cunill, M., Duran, S., Mestre, M., Bordas, M. 2006. Seleccion de Variedades Mejoradasde Olivo Adaptadas a Condiciones de Produccion Super Intensiva. Actas de Horticultura, 45: 183-184. De La Rosa, R., Leon, L., Barranco, D., Rallo, L. 2006. El Programa de Mejorageneticade Olivo de Cordoba. Actas de Horticultura, 45: 195-196. De La Rosa, R., Leon, L., Guerreo, N., Rallo, L., Barranco, D. 2007. Preliminary Results of an Olive Cultivar Trial at High Density. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 58(5): 392-395. Dikmen, İ., Uysal, S. 1985. Entansif Plantasyonlarda Aralık ve Mesafeler Üzerinde Araştırma. Zeytincilik Araştırma Enstitüsü. Sonuçlanmış proje raporu. Farinelli, D.,Tombesi, S. 2015. Performance and Oil Quality of ‘Arbequina’ and Four Italian Olive Cultivars Under Super High Density Hedgerow Planting System Cultivated in Central Italy. Scientia Horticulturae, 192: 97-107. Godini, A., Camposeo, S.,Scavo, V. 2006a. Agronomic Aspects of Superintensive Olive Cultivation. InformatoreAgrario, 62(1): 65-67. Godini, A., Palasciano, M., Ferrara, G.,Camposeo, S. 2006b. Key Observations on the Agronomic Behaviour of Olive Cultivars Grown Under the Superintensive Model.Rivista di Frutticoltura e di Ortofloricoltura, 68(3): 40-44. Godini, A., Vivaldi, G.A.,Camposeo, C. 2011. Olive Cultivars Field-Tested in Super-High-Density System in Southern Italy. California Agriculture, 65(1): 39-40. Gucci, R. 2006. Modern Training Systems for Olive. Olea (FAO Olive Network, Information Bulletin of the Escorena and Aarinena Research Networks on Olive) 25: 36-38. Guerfel, M., Ouni, Y.,Boujnah, D. 2010a. Effects of The Planting Density on Water Relations and Production of ‘Chemlali’ Olive Trees (Olea europaeaL.). Trees,24: 1137-1142. Guerfel, M., Zaghdoud, C., Jebahi, K., Bojnah, D.,Zarrouk, M. 2010b. Effects of The Planting Density on Virgin Olive Oil Quality of ‘Chemlali’ Olive Trees (Olea europaea L.).Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 58(23): 1469-1472. Hmida, A.A. 2010. Rentabilite de en Modes de Production Intensifet Super-Intensif Dans le Haouzau Maroc.Mediterranean Journal of Economics, 9(1): 31-34. İsfendiyaroğlu, M. 2016.Süper Entansif (Sık Dikim) Zeytin Yetiştiriciliği.www.bodurzeytin.gen.tr Kaleci, N., Yalçınkaya, E. 2006. Gemlik Zeytin Çeşidinde Sık Dikimin Ağaç Gelişimi ve Verimi Üzerine Etkileri. Bahçe, 35(1-2): 39-45. Kaynaş, N., Yalçınkaya, E., Ergun, M.E., Sütçü, R. 2001. Marmara Bölgesinde Yetiştirilen Gemlik Zeytininde Sık Dikim. www.arastirma_yalova.gov.tr Larbi, A., Ayadi, M., BenDhiab, A., Msallem, M., Caballero, J.M. 2011. Olive Cultivars Suitability for High-Density Orchards. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 9(4): 1279-1286. Larbi, A., Ayadi, M., BenDhiab, A., Msallem, M., Caballero, J.M. 2012. Planting Density Affects Vigour and Production of ‘Arbequina’ Olive. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(4): 1081-1089. Lavee, S., Haskal, A.,Avidan, B. 2012. The Effect of Planting Distances and Tree Shape on Yield and Harvest Efficiency of cv. Manzanillo Table Olives. Scientia Horticulturae, 142: 166-173. Leon, L., De La Rosa, R., Barranco, D., Rallo, L. 2007a. Breeding for Early Bearing in Olive. Hortscience, 42 (3): 499-502. Leon, L., De La Rosa, R., Ralla, L., Guerrero, N.,Barranco, D. 2007b. Influence of Spacing on the Initial Production of Hedgerow ‘Arbequina’ Olive Orchards. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 5(4): 554-56. Mountier, N.,Ricard, J.M., LeVerge, S. 2010. Vigour Control of the Olive Tree in a High Density Planting System: Two Experimental Approaches. XXVIII International Horticultural Congress on Science and Horticulture for People (IHC2010): Olive Trends Symposium- From the Olive Tree to Olive Oil: New Trends and Future Challenges, 924: 185-193. Rallo, L.,Barranco, D., Castro-Garcia, S., Connor, D. J., Gömez del Campo, M.,Rallo, P. 2013. High-Density Olive Plantations, in Horticultural Reviews Volume 41 (ed J. Janick), John Wiley&Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. doi: 10.1002/9781118707418.ch07 Rosati, A.,Paoletti, A., Caporali, S., Perri, E. 2013. The Role Tree Architecture in Super High Density Olive Orchards. Scientia Horticulturae, 161:24-29. Tous, J., Romero, A., Plana, J., Baiges, F. 1999. Planting Density Trial with ‘Arbequina’ Olive Cultivar in Catalonia (Spain). Third International Symposium on Olive Growing, 1(474): 177-180. Tous, J., Romero, A., Plana, J. 2003. Super intensive Olive Groves: Behavior of Six Varieties. Agricultura Revista Agropecuaria, 72(851): 346- 350. Tous, J., Romero, A., Plana J.,Hermoso, J.F. 2008. Olive Oil Cultivars Suitable for Very-High Density Planting Conditions. Proceedings of The Fifth International Symposium on Olive Growing, 1(791): 403-408.
Toplam 1 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Konular | Ziraat Mühendisliği |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Derleme |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Haziran 2017 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2017 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1 |