The Effects of Using Different Levels of Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) on Growth, Survival, Molting Frequency and Body Composıtion of Freshwater Crayfısh Juvenile, Pontastacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823)

Yavuz Mazlum; Sinem Şirin

doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.614826

Araştırma Makalesi

The Effects of Using Different Levels of Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) on Growth, Survival, Molting Frequency and Body Composıtion of Freshwater Crayfısh Juvenile, Pontastacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823)

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 506 - 514, 30.04.2020

Yavuz Mazlum , Sinem Şirin

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.614826

Cited By: 7

Öz

The present study was
conducted to determine different calcium carbonate (CaCO3) level
effects on growth, survival, molting frequency and body composition of
freshwater crayfish juvenile, Pontastacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz,
1823). Initial mean weight and length juvenile crayfish were measured to be 0.53±0.01
g and 22.0±0.05 mm, respectively. Crayfish were stocked randomly in twelve
aquariums in area of 0.2 m2 at the rate of 50 crayfish/m2.
The different level of CaCO3 was added into a commercial trout diet
(Control), 3%, 6% and 12% for feeding the juvenile crayfish. After 90-day
study, supplementation of CaCO3 significantly (P< 0.05) did affect growth
rate, specific growth rate, feed intake, molting frequency, biomass, but
reduced survival of crayfish at level of 6% diet as compared to the other groups. The proximate composition of tail meat of
crayfish was unaffected by the diet. These results indicated that the calcium
carbonate addition is required for crayfish. At the end of the experiment, 6% of calcium carbonate was suggested to be used in formulated diets for
crayfish juvenile.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pontastacus leptodactylus, Calcium carbonate, Freshwater crayfish, Growth, Survival

Destekleyen Kurum

Scientific Project Office of Mustafa Kemal University

Proje Numarası

Project No: 04 Y 1 0121

Teşekkür

This study was supported by funding from the Scientific Project Office of Mustafa Kemal University (Project No: 04 Y 1 0121). This study result is based on a part of the master thesis. The authors would like to thank the Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology staff for their assistance during the study.

Kaynakça

Akhan S, Bektas Y, Berber S, Kalayci G 2014. Population structure and genetic analysis of narrow-clawed crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus) populations in Turkey. Genetica, 142: 381–395.
Bradford DF, Cooper SD, JenkinsTM, Krantz JrK, Sarnelle O, Brown AD 1998. Influences of natural acidity and introduced fish on faunal assemblages in California alpine lakes. Canadian Journal Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 55: 2478-2491.
Cerenius L, Söderhall K 1984. Repeated zoospore emergence from isolated spore cycts of parasitisim in Aphanomyces astaci. Exp. Mycol., 8: 370-377.
Chien YC, Avault JWJr 1983. Effects of flooding dates and type of disposal of rice straw on the initial survival and growth of caged juvenile crayfish, Procambarus clarkii in ponds. Freshwater Crayfish, 5: 344-350.
Correia A M 2003. Food choice by the introduced crayfish Procambarus clarkii. Annales Zoologici Fennici 40:517-528.
Crandall K.A, De Grave S 2017. An updated classification of the freshwater crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidea) of the world, with a complete species list. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 37(5) :615–653.
Eversole AG, Mazlum Y, Fontenot QC, Turker H 2002. Evaluation of a non-invasive technique for predicting reproductive success in white river crayfish. Freshwater Crayfish, 13: 303–308.
Eversole AG, Türker H 1999. Lipid content of Procambarus acutus acutus (Girard). Freshwater Crayfish, 12: 194-204.Dick JTA 1995. The cannibalistic behaviour of two Gammarus species (Crustacea: Amphipoda) Journal of Zoology, 236: 697 – 706.
France RL 1987. Calcium and trace metal composition of crayfish (Orconectes virilis) in relation to experimental lake acidification. Canadian Journal of Fisheries Aquatic Science, 44:107–113.
Fotedar RKK, Knott B, Evans LH 1999. Effect of a diet supplemented with cod liver oil and sunflower oil on growth, survival and condition indices of juvenile Cherax tenuimanus Freshwater Crayfish, 12: 478–493.
Hammond KS, Hollows JW, Townsend CR, Lokman PM 2006. Effects of temperature and water calcium concentration on growth, survival and molting of freshwater crayfish, Paranephrops zealandicus. Aquaculture, 251: 271–279.
Hessen D, Kristiansen G and Lid I 1991. Calcium uptake from food and water in the crayfish Astacus astacus (L. 1758), measured by radioactive 45Ca (Decapoda, Astacidea). Crustaceana, 60(1):76–83.
Holdich DM 2002. General Biology-Background and Functional Morphology. (Biology of Freshwater Crayfish, Holdich, DM) 3-30.Huner JV 1995. Ecological observations of red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852), and white river crayfish, Procambarus zonangulus (Hobbs & Hobbs, 1990), as regards their cultivation in earthen ponds. Freshwater Crayfish, 10: 456-468.
Greenaway P 1993. Calcium and magnesium balance during molting in land crabs. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 13: 191–197.
Gürel A, Patır B 2001. Meat Yield and Chemical Quality of Crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus, Eschscholtz, 1823) in Keban Dame Lake. The Journal of Veterinary Science, 17(2): 23-30.
Gydemo R and Westin L, 1989. Growth and survival of juvenile Astacus astacus L. At optimized water temperature, (Aquaculture: a biotechnology in progress, De Pauw, N) 383-391.Jover M, Fernandez-Carmona J, Del Rio MC, Soler M 1999. Effect of feeding cooked-extruded diets, containing different levels of protein, lipid and carbohydrate on growth of red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). Aquaculture, 178:127–137.
Köksal G 1988. Astacus leptodactylus in Europe. (Freshwater Crayfish: Biology, Management and Exploitation, Croom Helm, London: Holdich, DM and Lowery, RS) 365–400.
Lall SP 2002. The minerals. (Fish Nutrition, CA: Ed. Halver JE, Hardy RW) 259-308.Liang H, Mi, Ke, Ji Ke, G X,Ren M, Xie J 2018. Effects of Dietary Calcium Levels on Growth Performance, Blood Biochemistry and Whole Body Composition in Juvenile Bighead Carp (Aristichthys nobilis) Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 18: 623-631.
Lodge DM, Deines A, Gherardi F, Yeo DCJ, Arcella T, Baldrıdge AK, Barnes M A. Chadderton WL, Feder JL, Gantz CA, Howard GW, Jerde C L, Peters BW, Peters J, Sargent LR, Turner C R, Wittmann ME, Zeng, Y 2012. Global introductions of crayfishes: evaluating the impact of species invasions on ecosystem services. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 43:449–472.
Lutz CG 1983. Population dynamics of red swamp crawfish (Procambarus clarkii) and white river crawfish (Procambarus acutus acutus) in two commercial ponds. Master’s thesis, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.Matsuzaki SS, Usio N, Takamura N, Washitani I 2009. Contrasting impacts of invasive engineers on freshwater ecosystems: an experiment and meta-analysis. Oecologia (Berlin), 158: 673–686.
Mazlum Y 2007. Stocking density affects the growth, survival, and cheliped injuries of third instars of narrow-clawed crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823 juveniles. Crustaceana, 80:803–815.
Mazlum Y, Yılmaz E, 2012 Kerevitlerin Biyolojisi ve Yetiştiriciliği. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Yayınları, Hatay, 120 p.
Momot WT 1995. Redefining the Role of Crayfish in Aquatic Ecosystems. Reviews in Fisheries Science, 3(1): 33–63.
Muyssen, BTA, De Schamphelaere KAC, Janssen CR 2009. Calcium accumulation and regulation in Daphnia magna: Links with feeding, growth and reproduction. Comparative Bioch5emistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 152(1): 3–57.
National Research Council (NRC) 2011. Nutrient requirement of fish and shrimp. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.Nyström P 2002. Ecology. (Biology of Freshwater Crayfish, Oxford, UK : Ed. Holdich, DM) 192–235.
Paglianti A, Gherardi F 2004. Combined effects of temperature and diet on growth and survival of young-of-year crayfish: a comparison between indigenous and invasive species. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 24:140–148.
Ramalho RO, Correia AM, Anastacio PM. 2008. Effects of density on growth and survival of juvenile Red Swamp Crayfish, Procambarus clarkii (Girard), reared under laboratory conditions. Aquaculture and Research, 39:577–586.
Reynolds JD, Gouin N, Pain S, Grandjean F, Demers A, Souty-Grosset C 2002. Irish crayfish populations: ecological survey and preliminary genetic findings Freshwater Crayfish, 13:551-61.
Romano N, Zeng C 2017. Cannibalism of Decapod Crustaceans and Implications for Their Aquaculture: A Review of its Prevalence, Influencing Factors, and Mitigating Methods, Reviews in Fisheries Science and Aquaculture, 25(1): 42-69.
Roy LA, Davis DA, Nguyen TN, Saoud IP 2009. Supplementation of chelated magnesium to diets of the pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, reared in low salinity waters of West Alabama. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 40:248–25.
Rukke NA 2002. Effects of low calcium concentration on two common freshwater crustaceans, Gammarus lacustris and Astacus astacus. Functional Ecology, 16: 357 – 366.Seiler SM, Turner AM 2004. Growth and population size of crayfish in headwater streams: individual and higher-level consequences of acidification, Freshwater Biology, 49: 870-881.
Sirin S, Mazlum Y 2017. Effect of dietary supplementation of calcium chloride on growth, survival, moulting frequency and body composition of narrow‐clawed crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823). Aquaculture Nutrition, 23(4):805-813.
Stein RA 1977. Selective predation, optimal foraging and the predator-prey interaction between ﬁsh and crayﬁsh. Ecology, 58:1237 – 1253.
Tavabe KR, Rafiee G, Frinsko M, Daniels H 2013. Effects of different calcium and magnesium concentrations separately and in combination on Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) larvi culture. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, 412: 160–166.Twardochleb L Olden J, Larson E 2013. A global meta-analysis of the ecological impacts of nonnative crayfish. Freshwater Science 32: 1367–1382.
Taugbol, T, Skurdal J, Fjeld E 1996. Maturity and fecundity of Astacus astacus females in Norway. Freshwater Crayfish, 7: 107–114.
TÜİK 2017. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, Veri tabanları, http://rapory.tuik.gov.tr Türel S, Berber S 2016. The Effects of Calcium Supplemented Diets on Growth Performance of Crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823). Adıyaman University Journal of Science, 6 (1):96-109
Westman K, Savolainen R, Pursiainen M 1993. A comparative study on the growth and moulting of the noble crayfish, Astacus astacus (L). and the signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana), in a small forest lake in southern Finland. Freshwater Crayfish, 9: 451-465.
Whitledge GW and Rabeni, CF, 2003. Maximum daily consumption and respiration rates at four temperatures for five species of crayfish from Missouri U.S.A (Decapoda, Orconectes spp.). Crustaseana, 75(9):1119-1132.Wingfield M 2000. An overview of the Austrilian fershwater crayfish farming industry, Stencilled paper, (The Australian Crayfish Aquaculture Workshop (Western Australia, Ed:. Whisson, G and Wingfield, M.) 5-13.
Winkler A 1986 Effects of inorganic sea water constituents on branchial Na-K- ATPase activity in the shore crab Carcinus maenas. Marine Biology, 92:537-544.
Yue CF, Wang TT, WANG YF Peng Y. 2009. Effect of combined photoperiod, water calcium concentration and pH on survival, growth, and moulting of juvenile crayfish (Procambarus clarkii ) cultured under laboratory conditions. Aquaculture Research, 40(11):1243-1250.
Zahmetkesh A, Poorreza J, Abedian A, Shariatmadari F, Valipoor A, Karimzadeh K 2007. Effects of different levels of calcium on growth criteria and survival of freshwater crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus. Journal of Science and Technology Agriculture and Natural Resources, 11:385-397.

Farklı Seviyelerde Kalsiyum Karbonat (CaCO3) Kullanımının Yavru Tatlısu İstakozu Pontastacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823)’larının Büyümesi, Hayatta Kalması, Kabuk Değişimi ve Vücut Kompozisyonları Üzerine Etkileri

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 506 - 514, 30.04.2020

Yavuz Mazlum , Sinem Şirin

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.614826

Cited By: 7

Öz

Bu çalışmada, farklı
seviyelerde kalsiyum karbonat kullanımının yavru tatlısu istakozu Pontastacus
leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823)’lerinin büyümesi, hayatta kalması, kabuk
değişimi ve vücut kompozisyonları üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. P.
leptodactylus yavrularının başlangıç ortalama ağırlıkları ve uzunlukları
sırasıyla 0,53±0,01 g ve 22,0±0,05 mm olarak hesaplanmıştır. Kerevitler,
rastgele metrekareye 50 adet 0,2 m2 alana sahip on iki akvaryuma
stoklanmıştır. Yavru kerevitleri beslemek için farklı seviyelerde CaCO3
ticari alabalık yemine (Kontrol), % 3, % 6 ve % 12 olacak şekilde ilave
edilmiştir. 90 günlük çalışmadan sonra, yemlere %6 oranında CaCO3'ın
ilave edilmesi diğer gruplarla kıyaslandığında, büyüme hızını, spesifik büyüme
hızını, yem alımını, kabuk değişim sıklığını, biyoması önemli ölçüde
(P<0.05) etkilemiş, ancak kerevitlerin hayatta kalma oranının
azalttığını göstermiştir. Kerevitlerin kuyruk etinden alınan örnekler
sonucunda, protein, yağ, nem ve kül içeriklerinin muamele grupları arasında istatistiki
olarak farklı olmadığı gözlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar, diyet kalsiyum karbonat
takviyesinin kerevit için gerekli olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu nedenle, deneyin
sonunda tatlı su istakoz yavruları için formüle edilmiş diyetlerde % 6 kalsiyum
karbonat kullanılması önerilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pontastacus leptodactylus, Kalsiyum karbonat, Tatlısu istakozu, Büyüme, Hayatta kalma

Proje Numarası

Project No: 04 Y 1 0121

Kaynakça

Akhan S, Bektas Y, Berber S, Kalayci G 2014. Population structure and genetic analysis of narrow-clawed crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus) populations in Turkey. Genetica, 142: 381–395.
Bradford DF, Cooper SD, JenkinsTM, Krantz JrK, Sarnelle O, Brown AD 1998. Influences of natural acidity and introduced fish on faunal assemblages in California alpine lakes. Canadian Journal Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 55: 2478-2491.
Cerenius L, Söderhall K 1984. Repeated zoospore emergence from isolated spore cycts of parasitisim in Aphanomyces astaci. Exp. Mycol., 8: 370-377.
Chien YC, Avault JWJr 1983. Effects of flooding dates and type of disposal of rice straw on the initial survival and growth of caged juvenile crayfish, Procambarus clarkii in ponds. Freshwater Crayfish, 5: 344-350.
Correia A M 2003. Food choice by the introduced crayfish Procambarus clarkii. Annales Zoologici Fennici 40:517-528.
Crandall K.A, De Grave S 2017. An updated classification of the freshwater crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidea) of the world, with a complete species list. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 37(5) :615–653.
Eversole AG, Mazlum Y, Fontenot QC, Turker H 2002. Evaluation of a non-invasive technique for predicting reproductive success in white river crayfish. Freshwater Crayfish, 13: 303–308.
Eversole AG, Türker H 1999. Lipid content of Procambarus acutus acutus (Girard). Freshwater Crayfish, 12: 194-204.Dick JTA 1995. The cannibalistic behaviour of two Gammarus species (Crustacea: Amphipoda) Journal of Zoology, 236: 697 – 706.
France RL 1987. Calcium and trace metal composition of crayfish (Orconectes virilis) in relation to experimental lake acidification. Canadian Journal of Fisheries Aquatic Science, 44:107–113.
Fotedar RKK, Knott B, Evans LH 1999. Effect of a diet supplemented with cod liver oil and sunflower oil on growth, survival and condition indices of juvenile Cherax tenuimanus Freshwater Crayfish, 12: 478–493.
Hammond KS, Hollows JW, Townsend CR, Lokman PM 2006. Effects of temperature and water calcium concentration on growth, survival and molting of freshwater crayfish, Paranephrops zealandicus. Aquaculture, 251: 271–279.
Hessen D, Kristiansen G and Lid I 1991. Calcium uptake from food and water in the crayfish Astacus astacus (L. 1758), measured by radioactive 45Ca (Decapoda, Astacidea). Crustaceana, 60(1):76–83.
Holdich DM 2002. General Biology-Background and Functional Morphology. (Biology of Freshwater Crayfish, Holdich, DM) 3-30.Huner JV 1995. Ecological observations of red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852), and white river crayfish, Procambarus zonangulus (Hobbs & Hobbs, 1990), as regards their cultivation in earthen ponds. Freshwater Crayfish, 10: 456-468.
Greenaway P 1993. Calcium and magnesium balance during molting in land crabs. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 13: 191–197.
Gürel A, Patır B 2001. Meat Yield and Chemical Quality of Crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus, Eschscholtz, 1823) in Keban Dame Lake. The Journal of Veterinary Science, 17(2): 23-30.
Gydemo R and Westin L, 1989. Growth and survival of juvenile Astacus astacus L. At optimized water temperature, (Aquaculture: a biotechnology in progress, De Pauw, N) 383-391.Jover M, Fernandez-Carmona J, Del Rio MC, Soler M 1999. Effect of feeding cooked-extruded diets, containing different levels of protein, lipid and carbohydrate on growth of red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). Aquaculture, 178:127–137.
Köksal G 1988. Astacus leptodactylus in Europe. (Freshwater Crayfish: Biology, Management and Exploitation, Croom Helm, London: Holdich, DM and Lowery, RS) 365–400.
Lall SP 2002. The minerals. (Fish Nutrition, CA: Ed. Halver JE, Hardy RW) 259-308.Liang H, Mi, Ke, Ji Ke, G X,Ren M, Xie J 2018. Effects of Dietary Calcium Levels on Growth Performance, Blood Biochemistry and Whole Body Composition in Juvenile Bighead Carp (Aristichthys nobilis) Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 18: 623-631.
Lodge DM, Deines A, Gherardi F, Yeo DCJ, Arcella T, Baldrıdge AK, Barnes M A. Chadderton WL, Feder JL, Gantz CA, Howard GW, Jerde C L, Peters BW, Peters J, Sargent LR, Turner C R, Wittmann ME, Zeng, Y 2012. Global introductions of crayfishes: evaluating the impact of species invasions on ecosystem services. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 43:449–472.
Lutz CG 1983. Population dynamics of red swamp crawfish (Procambarus clarkii) and white river crawfish (Procambarus acutus acutus) in two commercial ponds. Master’s thesis, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.Matsuzaki SS, Usio N, Takamura N, Washitani I 2009. Contrasting impacts of invasive engineers on freshwater ecosystems: an experiment and meta-analysis. Oecologia (Berlin), 158: 673–686.
Mazlum Y 2007. Stocking density affects the growth, survival, and cheliped injuries of third instars of narrow-clawed crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823 juveniles. Crustaceana, 80:803–815.
Mazlum Y, Yılmaz E, 2012 Kerevitlerin Biyolojisi ve Yetiştiriciliği. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Yayınları, Hatay, 120 p.
Momot WT 1995. Redefining the Role of Crayfish in Aquatic Ecosystems. Reviews in Fisheries Science, 3(1): 33–63.
Muyssen, BTA, De Schamphelaere KAC, Janssen CR 2009. Calcium accumulation and regulation in Daphnia magna: Links with feeding, growth and reproduction. Comparative Bioch5emistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 152(1): 3–57.
National Research Council (NRC) 2011. Nutrient requirement of fish and shrimp. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.Nyström P 2002. Ecology. (Biology of Freshwater Crayfish, Oxford, UK : Ed. Holdich, DM) 192–235.
Paglianti A, Gherardi F 2004. Combined effects of temperature and diet on growth and survival of young-of-year crayfish: a comparison between indigenous and invasive species. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 24:140–148.
Ramalho RO, Correia AM, Anastacio PM. 2008. Effects of density on growth and survival of juvenile Red Swamp Crayfish, Procambarus clarkii (Girard), reared under laboratory conditions. Aquaculture and Research, 39:577–586.
Reynolds JD, Gouin N, Pain S, Grandjean F, Demers A, Souty-Grosset C 2002. Irish crayfish populations: ecological survey and preliminary genetic findings Freshwater Crayfish, 13:551-61.
Romano N, Zeng C 2017. Cannibalism of Decapod Crustaceans and Implications for Their Aquaculture: A Review of its Prevalence, Influencing Factors, and Mitigating Methods, Reviews in Fisheries Science and Aquaculture, 25(1): 42-69.
Roy LA, Davis DA, Nguyen TN, Saoud IP 2009. Supplementation of chelated magnesium to diets of the pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, reared in low salinity waters of West Alabama. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 40:248–25.
Rukke NA 2002. Effects of low calcium concentration on two common freshwater crustaceans, Gammarus lacustris and Astacus astacus. Functional Ecology, 16: 357 – 366.Seiler SM, Turner AM 2004. Growth and population size of crayfish in headwater streams: individual and higher-level consequences of acidification, Freshwater Biology, 49: 870-881.
Sirin S, Mazlum Y 2017. Effect of dietary supplementation of calcium chloride on growth, survival, moulting frequency and body composition of narrow‐clawed crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823). Aquaculture Nutrition, 23(4):805-813.
Stein RA 1977. Selective predation, optimal foraging and the predator-prey interaction between ﬁsh and crayﬁsh. Ecology, 58:1237 – 1253.
Tavabe KR, Rafiee G, Frinsko M, Daniels H 2013. Effects of different calcium and magnesium concentrations separately and in combination on Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) larvi culture. Aquaculture, Amsterdam, 412: 160–166.Twardochleb L Olden J, Larson E 2013. A global meta-analysis of the ecological impacts of nonnative crayfish. Freshwater Science 32: 1367–1382.
Taugbol, T, Skurdal J, Fjeld E 1996. Maturity and fecundity of Astacus astacus females in Norway. Freshwater Crayfish, 7: 107–114.
TÜİK 2017. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, Veri tabanları, http://rapory.tuik.gov.tr Türel S, Berber S 2016. The Effects of Calcium Supplemented Diets on Growth Performance of Crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823). Adıyaman University Journal of Science, 6 (1):96-109
Westman K, Savolainen R, Pursiainen M 1993. A comparative study on the growth and moulting of the noble crayfish, Astacus astacus (L). and the signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana), in a small forest lake in southern Finland. Freshwater Crayfish, 9: 451-465.
Whitledge GW and Rabeni, CF, 2003. Maximum daily consumption and respiration rates at four temperatures for five species of crayfish from Missouri U.S.A (Decapoda, Orconectes spp.). Crustaseana, 75(9):1119-1132.Wingfield M 2000. An overview of the Austrilian fershwater crayfish farming industry, Stencilled paper, (The Australian Crayfish Aquaculture Workshop (Western Australia, Ed:. Whisson, G and Wingfield, M.) 5-13.
Winkler A 1986 Effects of inorganic sea water constituents on branchial Na-K- ATPase activity in the shore crab Carcinus maenas. Marine Biology, 92:537-544.
Yue CF, Wang TT, WANG YF Peng Y. 2009. Effect of combined photoperiod, water calcium concentration and pH on survival, growth, and moulting of juvenile crayfish (Procambarus clarkii ) cultured under laboratory conditions. Aquaculture Research, 40(11):1243-1250.
Zahmetkesh A, Poorreza J, Abedian A, Shariatmadari F, Valipoor A, Karimzadeh K 2007. Effects of different levels of calcium on growth criteria and survival of freshwater crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus. Journal of Science and Technology Agriculture and Natural Resources, 11:385-397.

Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	İngilizce
Konular	Yapısal Biyoloji
Bölüm	ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ (Research Article)
Yazarlar	Yavuz Mazlum 0000-0002-9547-0966 Sinem Şirin 0000-0003-0468-7295
Proje Numarası	Project No: 04 Y 1 0121
Yayımlanma Tarihi	30 Nisan 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi	3 Eylül 2019
Kabul Tarihi	28 Kasım 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2020Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA	Mazlum, Y., & Şirin, S. (2020). The Effects of Using Different Levels of Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) on Growth, Survival, Molting Frequency and Body Composıtion of Freshwater Crayfısh Juvenile, Pontastacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823). Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 23(2), 506-514. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.614826