Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Evaluation of the Effects of Grafting and Vermicompost Applications on the Morphophysiological Properties of Eggplant under Drought Stress with Principal Component Analysis

Year 2025, Volume: 28 Issue: 1, 96 - 103

Sevinç Kıran , Zeynep Demir , Hatice Filiz Boyacı , Köksal Aydinşakir , Şebnem Kuşvuran , Sinan Zengin , Şeküre Şebnem Ellialtıoğlu

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1460048

Abstract

Drought is one of the important abiotic stresses that significantly affect plant growth and development process. The use of grafted plants and vermicompost application creates significant potential for tolerance to drought stress. The scope of the study; consists of the evaluation of the effects of grafting and vermicompost applications on the morphophysiological properties of eggplant under drought stress by principal component analysis (PCA). In the experiment, different amounts of vermicompost-V (0, 1, 2, 3%) were applied to the grafting and non-grafting plants under different levels of drought stress conditions (Control; 100%; mild stress-MS; 70% and severe stress-SS; 30% irrigation) at the greenhouse. In terms of traits studied, the first two of the components had 94.39% of the total variation in the grafted plants. PCA showed that 'V(3%)+MS' and 'V(2%)+MS' were in significant and positive correlations with SPAD, leaf area-LA, relative water content-RWC, shoot dry weight-SDW, and root fresh weight -RFW. 'V(%3)+MS' and 'V(%2)+MS' applications; shoot length-SL correlated positively and weakly with stomata conductivity-gs, shoot fresh weight-SFW, shoot diameter-SD, and root dry weight-RDW. Based on the relationships between the variables; in general, the correlations of all the examined parameters with each other were found to be significant and positive. Especially; the positive and significant correlations between SPAD and LA and RWC, SDW and RFW, gs and SL and SFW, and RDW and SD were obvious. Consequently, the use of grafted plants and V treatments in eggplants under MS conditions improved the morphophysiological parameters of the plants and increased their tolerance to stress. Therefore, it can be seen as an effective strategy for sustainable agricultural practices.

Keywords

Solanum melongena Grafting Vermicompost Abiotic stress PCA

References

  • Ali, M., Gençoğlan, C., Gençoğlan, S., & Uçak, A.B. (2021). Yield and water use of eggplants (Solanum melongena L.) Under different ırrigation regimes and fertilizers. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 18 (3), 533-544. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.857908.
  • Ashraf, M., & Harris, P. J. C. (2005). Abiotic Stresses: plant resistance through breeding and molecular approaches. New York, USA: Haworth Press Inc.
  • Boyaci, H. F., & Ellialtioglu, S. S. (2018). Rootstock usage in eggplant: Actual situation and recent advances. In XXX International Horticultural Congress IHC2018: III International Symposium on Innovation and New Technologies in Protected 1271, pp. 403-410.
  • Demir, Z. (2019). Effects of vermicompost on soil physicochemical properties and lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. crispa) yield in greenhouse under different soil water regimes. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 50 (17), 2151-2168. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2024.2328622
  • Demir, Z. (2020). Alleviation of adverse effects of sodium on soil physicochemical properties by application of vermicompost. Compost Science & Utilization 28 (2), 100-116. https://doi. 10.1080/1065657X.2020.1789011.
  • Demir, Z., & Kıran, S. (2020). Effect of vermicompost on macro and micro nutrients of lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. crispa) under salt stress conditions. KSÜ Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 23 (1), 33-43. https://doi.10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.579695.
  • Deveci M., Cabi E., Arin L., & Yavas, Ö. (2017). The effect of water deficit on some physiological properties of Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench cv. “sultani.” Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 48–54.
  • Dhanda, S. S., & Sethi, G. S. (1998). Inheritance of excised-leaf water loss and relative water content in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). Euphytica, 104, 39-47
  • Ebrahimi, M., Souri, M. K., Mousavi, A., & Sahebani, N. (2021). Biochar and vermicompost improve growth and physiological traits of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) under deficit irrigation. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture, 8 (1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40538-021-00216-9
  • El-Mogy, M. M., Atia, M. A., Dhawi, F., Fouad, A. S., Bendary, E. S., Khojah, E., ... & Abdeldaym, E. A. (2022). Towards better grafting: SCoT and CDDP analyses for prediction of the tomato rootstocks performance under drought stress. Agronomy, 12(1), 153. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12010153
  • Faloye, O. T., Ajayi, A. E., Kamchoom, V., Akintola, O. A., & Oguntunde, P. G. (2024). Evaluating impacts of biochar and inorganic fertilizer applications on soil quality and maize yield using principal component analysis. Agronomy, 14(8), 1761. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14081761
  • Ghaffari, H., Tadayon, M. R., Bahador, M., & Razmjoo, J. (2022). Biochemical and yield response of sugar beet to drought stress and foliar application of vermicompost tea. Plant Stress, 5: p: 100087. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stress.2022.100087
  • Istanbuli, T., Baum, M., Touchan, H., & Hamwieh, A. (2020). Evaluation of morpho-physiological traits under drought stress conditions in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Photosynthetica, 58, 1059–1067. https://doi.10.32615/ps.2020.041
  • Jiao, S., Zeng, F., Huang, Zhang, L., Mao, J., & Chen, B. (2023). Physiological, biochemical and molecular responses associated with drought tolerance in grafted grapevine. BMC Plant Biol, 23, 110. https://doi. 10.1186/s12870-023-04109-x
  • Jifeng, N., Lei, Z., David, Z., & Chengke, W. (2009). Interactive image segmentation by maximal similarity based region merging. Pattern Recognition, 43 (2), 445-456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2009.03.004
  • Kazeminasab, A., Yarnia, M., Lebaschy, M. H., Mirshekari, B., & Rejali, F. (2016). The effect of vermicompost and PGPR on physiological traits of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.). Journal of Medicinal Plants and By-products, 2, 135-144. https://doi.org/10.22092/jmpb.2016.109389
  • Kıran, S., Ateş, Ç., Kuşvuran, Ş., Talhouni, M. & Ellialtioglu, Ş.Ş. (2019a). Some physiological properties and analysis of yield parameters of grafted and non-grafted. Soil Water Journal,6 (2), 18-25.
  • Kıran, S. (2019b). Effects of vermicompost on some morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters of lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. crispa) under drought stress. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici, 47 (2), 352-358. https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha47111260
  • Kıran, S., Demir, Z., Boyacı, H.F., Aydınşakir, K., Kuşvuran, Ş., Zengin, S., & Ellialtıoğlu, Ş. Ş. (2023). Determination of the effects of grafted plant use and vermicompost application on yield and quality of eggplant grown in deficit irrigation conditions. TAGEM (TAGEM/TSKAD/B/19/A9/P3/888) project Report (not published).
  • Kurniawati, S. (2014). Drought stress tolerance mechanisms of eggplant (Solanum spp.), Physiology and molecular. Bosor Agricultural University, PhD Thesis, Indonesia.
  • Munns, R., & Tester, M. (2008). Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 59: 651–681.
  • Ors, S., Ekinci, M., Yildirim, E., Sahin, U., Turan, M., & Dursun, A. (2021). Interactive effects of salt and drought stress on photosynthetic characteristics and physiology of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) seedlings. South African Journal of Botany, 137, 335-339. https://doi. 0.1016/j.sajb.2020.10.031.
  • Osakabe, Y., Osakabe, K., Shinozaki, K., & Tran, L.S. (2014). Response of plants to water stress. Frontiers in Plant Science, 5, 86. https://doi. 10.3389/fpls. 2014.00086.
  • Rao, K. V. M., Raghavendra, A. S., & Reddy, K.J. (2006). Physiology and Molecular Biology of Stress Tolerance in Plants. Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Springer.
  • Sousa, H. C., de Sousa, G. G., Cambissa, P. B., Lessa, C. I., Goes, G. F., Silva, F. D. B., & Viana, T. V. A. (2022). Gas exchange and growth of zucchini crop subjected to salt and water stress. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 26, 815–822. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n11p815-822
  • Sekera, A., Cebula, S., & Kunicki, E. (2007). Cultivated eggplants–origin, breeding objectives, and genetic resources, a review. Folia Horticulturae, 19 (1), 97-114.
  • Toppino, L., Barchi, L., & Rotino, G. L. (2022). Next generation breeding for abiotic stress resistance in eggplant. In: genomic designing for abiotic stress resistant vegetable crops (pp. 115-151). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
  • Villanueva, G., Vilanova, S., Plazas, M., Prohens, J., & Gramazio, P. (2023). Transcriptome profiles of eggplant (Solanum melongena) and its wild relative S. dasyphyllum under different levels of osmotic stress provide insights into response mechanisms to drought. Current Plant Biology, 33, 100276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpb.2023.100276
  • Wahab, A., Abdi, G., Saleem, M. H., Ali, B., Ullah, S., Shah, W., Mumtaz, S., Yasin, G., Muresan, C. C., & Marc, R. A. (2022). Plants’ physio-biochemical and phyto- hormonal responses to alleviate the adverse effects of drought stress: A Comprehensive Review. Plants, 11, 1620. https://doi.10.3390/ plants11131620
  • Wassie, W. A., Andualem, M. A., Molla, A. E., Tarekegn, Z. G., Aragaw, M. W & Ayana, M. T. (2023). Growth, physiological, and biochemical responses of ethiopian red pepper (Capsicum annum L.) cultivars to drought stress. Scientific World Journal Article, ID 4374318. https://doi. 10.1155/2023/4374318
  • Wong, W.S., Zhong, H.T., Cross, A.T., & Yong, JWH (2020). Plant biostimulants in vermicomposts: Characteristics and plausible mechanisms. The Chemical Biology of Plant Biostimulants, 155-180.
  • Zhang, Z., Liu, Y., Cao, B., Chen, Z., & Xu, K. (2020). The effectiveness of grafting to improve drought tolerance in tomato. Plant growth regulation, 91, 157-167. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-020-00596-2

Aşılama ve Vermikompost Uygulamalarının Kuraklık Stresi Altındaki Patlıcanın Morfofizyolojik Özellikleri Üzerine Etkilerinin Temel Bileşen Analizi ile Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 28 Issue: 1, 96 - 103

Sevinç Kıran , Zeynep Demir , Hatice Filiz Boyacı , Köksal Aydinşakir , Şebnem Kuşvuran , Sinan Zengin , Şeküre Şebnem Ellialtıoğlu

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1460048

Abstract

Kuraklık, bitki büyümesini ve gelişim sürecini önemli ölçüde etkileyen önemli abiyotik streslerden biridir. Aşılı bitki kullanımı ve vermikompost uygulaması kuraklık stresine tolerans sağlama bakımından önemli potansiyel oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı; aşılı bitki kullanımı ve vermikompost uygulamalarının kuraklık stresi altında patlıcanın morfofizyolojik özellikleri üzerine etkilerinin temel bileşen analizi (PCA) ile değerlendirilmesidir. Sera koşullarında gerçekleştirilen çalışmada aşılı ve aşısız bitkiler kuraklık stresi altında farklı seviyelerde (%0, 1, 2, 3) solucan humusu-V içeren koşullarda yetiştirilmiştir (kontrol: %100, hafif stres-MS: %70 ve şiddetli stres-SS: %30 sulama). İncelenen özellikler açısından, bileşenlerin ilk ikisi aşılanmış bitkilerdeki toplam varyasyonun %94.39'unu oluşturmaktadır. PCA, 'V(%3)+MS' ve 'V(%2)+MS'nin, SPAD, yaprak alanı-LA, bağıl su içeriği-RWC, sürgün kuru ağırlığı- SDW ve kök kuru ağırlığı-RFW ile anlamlı ve pozitif korelasyon içinde olduğunu göstermiştir. 'V(%3)+MS' ve 'V(%2)+MS' uygulamaları; sürgün uzunluğu-SL, stoma iletkenliği-gs, sürgün yaş ağırlığı-SFW, gövde kalınlığı- SD ve kök kuru ağırlığı-RDW ile pozitif ve zayıf korelasyon sergilemiştir. Genel olarak incelenen tüm özelliklerin birbirleriyle ilişkilendirilmeleri, anlamlı ve pozitif bulunmuştur. Özellikle SPAD, LA ve RWC; SDW ve RFW; gs, SL ve SFW arasındaki ve RDW ile SD arasındaki pozitif ve güçlü korelasyonlar dikkat çekici olmuştur. Sonuç olarak patlıcanlarda aşılı bitki kullanımı ve hafif stres koşullarında vermikompost uygulamaları, bitkilerin morfofizyolojik özelliklerini olumlu yönde etkilemiş ve strese karşı toleranslarını artırmıştır. Bu nedenle sürdürülebilir tarım uygulamaları için etkili bir strateji olarak görülebilir.

Keywords

Solanum melongena Aşılama Vermikompost Abiyotik stress PCA

Supporting Institution

Tarımsal Araştırmalar ve Politikalar Genel Müdürlüğü

References

  • Ali, M., Gençoğlan, C., Gençoğlan, S., & Uçak, A.B. (2021). Yield and water use of eggplants (Solanum melongena L.) Under different ırrigation regimes and fertilizers. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 18 (3), 533-544. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.857908.
  • Ashraf, M., & Harris, P. J. C. (2005). Abiotic Stresses: plant resistance through breeding and molecular approaches. New York, USA: Haworth Press Inc.
  • Boyaci, H. F., & Ellialtioglu, S. S. (2018). Rootstock usage in eggplant: Actual situation and recent advances. In XXX International Horticultural Congress IHC2018: III International Symposium on Innovation and New Technologies in Protected 1271, pp. 403-410.
  • Demir, Z. (2019). Effects of vermicompost on soil physicochemical properties and lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. crispa) yield in greenhouse under different soil water regimes. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 50 (17), 2151-2168. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2024.2328622
  • Demir, Z. (2020). Alleviation of adverse effects of sodium on soil physicochemical properties by application of vermicompost. Compost Science & Utilization 28 (2), 100-116. https://doi. 10.1080/1065657X.2020.1789011.
  • Demir, Z., & Kıran, S. (2020). Effect of vermicompost on macro and micro nutrients of lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. crispa) under salt stress conditions. KSÜ Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 23 (1), 33-43. https://doi.10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.579695.
  • Deveci M., Cabi E., Arin L., & Yavas, Ö. (2017). The effect of water deficit on some physiological properties of Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench cv. “sultani.” Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 48–54.
  • Dhanda, S. S., & Sethi, G. S. (1998). Inheritance of excised-leaf water loss and relative water content in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). Euphytica, 104, 39-47
  • Ebrahimi, M., Souri, M. K., Mousavi, A., & Sahebani, N. (2021). Biochar and vermicompost improve growth and physiological traits of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) under deficit irrigation. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture, 8 (1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40538-021-00216-9
  • El-Mogy, M. M., Atia, M. A., Dhawi, F., Fouad, A. S., Bendary, E. S., Khojah, E., ... & Abdeldaym, E. A. (2022). Towards better grafting: SCoT and CDDP analyses for prediction of the tomato rootstocks performance under drought stress. Agronomy, 12(1), 153. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12010153
  • Faloye, O. T., Ajayi, A. E., Kamchoom, V., Akintola, O. A., & Oguntunde, P. G. (2024). Evaluating impacts of biochar and inorganic fertilizer applications on soil quality and maize yield using principal component analysis. Agronomy, 14(8), 1761. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14081761
  • Ghaffari, H., Tadayon, M. R., Bahador, M., & Razmjoo, J. (2022). Biochemical and yield response of sugar beet to drought stress and foliar application of vermicompost tea. Plant Stress, 5: p: 100087. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stress.2022.100087
  • Istanbuli, T., Baum, M., Touchan, H., & Hamwieh, A. (2020). Evaluation of morpho-physiological traits under drought stress conditions in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Photosynthetica, 58, 1059–1067. https://doi.10.32615/ps.2020.041
  • Jiao, S., Zeng, F., Huang, Zhang, L., Mao, J., & Chen, B. (2023). Physiological, biochemical and molecular responses associated with drought tolerance in grafted grapevine. BMC Plant Biol, 23, 110. https://doi. 10.1186/s12870-023-04109-x
  • Jifeng, N., Lei, Z., David, Z., & Chengke, W. (2009). Interactive image segmentation by maximal similarity based region merging. Pattern Recognition, 43 (2), 445-456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2009.03.004
  • Kazeminasab, A., Yarnia, M., Lebaschy, M. H., Mirshekari, B., & Rejali, F. (2016). The effect of vermicompost and PGPR on physiological traits of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.). Journal of Medicinal Plants and By-products, 2, 135-144. https://doi.org/10.22092/jmpb.2016.109389
  • Kıran, S., Ateş, Ç., Kuşvuran, Ş., Talhouni, M. & Ellialtioglu, Ş.Ş. (2019a). Some physiological properties and analysis of yield parameters of grafted and non-grafted. Soil Water Journal,6 (2), 18-25.
  • Kıran, S. (2019b). Effects of vermicompost on some morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters of lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. crispa) under drought stress. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici, 47 (2), 352-358. https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha47111260
  • Kıran, S., Demir, Z., Boyacı, H.F., Aydınşakir, K., Kuşvuran, Ş., Zengin, S., & Ellialtıoğlu, Ş. Ş. (2023). Determination of the effects of grafted plant use and vermicompost application on yield and quality of eggplant grown in deficit irrigation conditions. TAGEM (TAGEM/TSKAD/B/19/A9/P3/888) project Report (not published).
  • Kurniawati, S. (2014). Drought stress tolerance mechanisms of eggplant (Solanum spp.), Physiology and molecular. Bosor Agricultural University, PhD Thesis, Indonesia.
  • Munns, R., & Tester, M. (2008). Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 59: 651–681.
  • Ors, S., Ekinci, M., Yildirim, E., Sahin, U., Turan, M., & Dursun, A. (2021). Interactive effects of salt and drought stress on photosynthetic characteristics and physiology of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) seedlings. South African Journal of Botany, 137, 335-339. https://doi. 0.1016/j.sajb.2020.10.031.
  • Osakabe, Y., Osakabe, K., Shinozaki, K., & Tran, L.S. (2014). Response of plants to water stress. Frontiers in Plant Science, 5, 86. https://doi. 10.3389/fpls. 2014.00086.
  • Rao, K. V. M., Raghavendra, A. S., & Reddy, K.J. (2006). Physiology and Molecular Biology of Stress Tolerance in Plants. Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Springer.
  • Sousa, H. C., de Sousa, G. G., Cambissa, P. B., Lessa, C. I., Goes, G. F., Silva, F. D. B., & Viana, T. V. A. (2022). Gas exchange and growth of zucchini crop subjected to salt and water stress. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 26, 815–822. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n11p815-822
  • Sekera, A., Cebula, S., & Kunicki, E. (2007). Cultivated eggplants–origin, breeding objectives, and genetic resources, a review. Folia Horticulturae, 19 (1), 97-114.
  • Toppino, L., Barchi, L., & Rotino, G. L. (2022). Next generation breeding for abiotic stress resistance in eggplant. In: genomic designing for abiotic stress resistant vegetable crops (pp. 115-151). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
  • Villanueva, G., Vilanova, S., Plazas, M., Prohens, J., & Gramazio, P. (2023). Transcriptome profiles of eggplant (Solanum melongena) and its wild relative S. dasyphyllum under different levels of osmotic stress provide insights into response mechanisms to drought. Current Plant Biology, 33, 100276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpb.2023.100276
  • Wahab, A., Abdi, G., Saleem, M. H., Ali, B., Ullah, S., Shah, W., Mumtaz, S., Yasin, G., Muresan, C. C., & Marc, R. A. (2022). Plants’ physio-biochemical and phyto- hormonal responses to alleviate the adverse effects of drought stress: A Comprehensive Review. Plants, 11, 1620. https://doi.10.3390/ plants11131620
  • Wassie, W. A., Andualem, M. A., Molla, A. E., Tarekegn, Z. G., Aragaw, M. W & Ayana, M. T. (2023). Growth, physiological, and biochemical responses of ethiopian red pepper (Capsicum annum L.) cultivars to drought stress. Scientific World Journal Article, ID 4374318. https://doi. 10.1155/2023/4374318
  • Wong, W.S., Zhong, H.T., Cross, A.T., & Yong, JWH (2020). Plant biostimulants in vermicomposts: Characteristics and plausible mechanisms. The Chemical Biology of Plant Biostimulants, 155-180.
  • Zhang, Z., Liu, Y., Cao, B., Chen, Z., & Xu, K. (2020). The effectiveness of grafting to improve drought tolerance in tomato. Plant growth regulation, 91, 157-167. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-020-00596-2
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Vegetable Growing and Treatment
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Sevinç Kıran 0000-0001-6808-8326

Zeynep Demir 0000-0002-7589-3216

Hatice Filiz Boyacı 0000-0002-3799-4673

Köksal Aydinşakir 0000-0003-0225-7646

Şebnem Kuşvuran 0000-0002-1270-6962

Sinan Zengin 0000-0002-1687-1906

Şeküre Şebnem Ellialtıoğlu 0000-0002-3851-466X

Early Pub Date January 30, 2025
Publication Date
Submission Date March 28, 2024
Acceptance Date November 23, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2025Volume: 28 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Kıran, S., Demir, Z., Boyacı, H. F., Aydinşakir, K., et al. (2025). Evaluation of the Effects of Grafting and Vermicompost Applications on the Morphophysiological Properties of Eggplant under Drought Stress with Principal Component Analysis. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 28(1), 96-103. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1460048
 Download Cover Image


International Peer Reviewed Journal
Free submission and publication
Published 6 times a year



88x31.png


KSU Journal of Agriculture and Nature

e-ISSN: 2619-9149