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The Effect of Fusarium Head Blight on Wheat Quality Parameters: Change After Fungicide Applicates in Infected-Spikes

Year 2021, Volume: 11 Issue: özel sayı, 3455 - 3464, 30.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1027025

Abstract

The infections caused by seedling blight (FSB), root rot, and Fusarium head blight (FHB) of
Fusarium culmorum (Wm. G. Sm.) Sacc. is a serious problem in cereal agriculture of the world as well the Trakya
Region. The aim of this study was to determine the effect on protein rate (%), Particle Size Index (PSI), Zeleny
sedimentation (ml), wet gluten (%) and gluten index (%) on wheat kernels of F. culmorum and change of these
quality parameters after applied fungicides. Spikes were the hand-sprayer pump-inoculated with conidial
suspension of the fungus at the anthesis stage (ZGS 61) of wheat. Prothioconazole+trifloxystrobin (Madison SC
Bayer CropScience, Türkiye), thiophanate-methyl+tetraconazole (Yamato, SumiAgro, Türkiye) ve tebuconazole
(Rally SC 250, Agrofarm, Türkiye) active ingredients were applied 48 h post-inoculation of fungi with a handgarden sprayer. At the end of the experiment, quality parameters of wheat kernels were measured. Protein rate
contents also did not change in FHB infected-kernels compared to applicated-fungicide parcels. Wet gluten (%),
Particle Size Index (PSI), Zeleny sedimentation (ml) and gluten index (%) were decreased in infected-kernels
compared to control kernels. Among fungicides, prothioconazole+trifloxystrobin was the most effective
fungicide on quality parameters. Zeleny sedimentation and gluten were significant and positive (p<0.01)

References

  • Anonymus 1990. Approved Methods of the American Association of Cereal Chemist, USA.
  • Anonymous 1994. ICC Standard No 155: Determination of Wet Gluten Quantity and Quality (Gluten Index ac. To Perten) of Whole Wheat Meal and Wheat Flour.
  • Anonymous, 2007. Commission Regulation (EC) No 1126/2007 of 28 September 2007 Amending Regulation (Ec) No 1881/2006 Setting Maxi-Mum Levels For Certain Contaminants in Foodstuffs As Regards Fusarium Toxins in Maize and Maize Products (Text with EEA Relevance). https://eurlex.europa.eu/legalcontent/EN/ALL/uri=CELEX:32007R1126 (erişim tarihi 2 Şubat 2021).
  • Atlı A, 1999. Buğday ve Ürünleri Kalitesi. Orta Anadolu'da Hububat Tarımının Sorunları ve Çözüm Yolları Sempozyumu. S. 498-506 (8-11 Haziran) Bildirileri. Konya.
  • Bai G, 1995. Scab of Wheat: Epidemiology, Inheritance of Resistance and Molecular Markers Linked to Cultivar Resistance. Ph.D. Thesis. West Lafayette, IN, USA, Purdue University.
  • Bechtel DB, Kaleikau LA, Gaines RL, Seitz LM, 1985. The Effects of Fusarium graminearum Infection on Wheat Kernels. Cereal Chemistry, 62:191–197.
  • Bennett JW, Klich, M, 2003. Mycotoxins. Clinic Microbiology Review, 16:497–516.
  • Bottalico A, Perrone G, 2002. Toxigenic Fusarium Species and Mycotoxins Associated with Head Blight in Small-grain Cereals in Europe. Mycotoxins Plant Disease, 108:611–624.
  • Chala A, Weinert J, Wolf GA, 2003. An İntegrated Approach to the Evaluation of the Efficacy of Fungicides Against Fusarium culmorum, the Cause of Head Blight of Wheat. Journal of Phytopathology, 151:673–678.
  • Finci S, 1979. Buğdayın Kök ve Kök-Boğazı Hastalıkları ve Korunma Çareleri. Gıda Tarım ve Hayvancılık Bakanlığı Zirai Mücadele ve Zirai Karantina Genel Müdürlüğü, Çiftçi Broşürü No: 21, s,15.
  • Foroud NA, Eudes F, 2009.Trichothecenes in Cereal Grains. International Journal Molecular Science,10:147–173.
  • Gaudet DA, Laroche A, Yoshida M, 1999. Low Temperature-Wheat-Fungal Interactions: A Carbohydrate Connection. Physiologia Plantarum, 106:437–444.
  • Góral T, Wiśniewska H, Ochodzki P, Nielsen LK, Walentyn-Góral D, Stępień Ł, 2018. Relationship Between Fusarium Head Blight, Kernel Damage, Concentration of Fusarium Biomass, and Fusarium Toxins in Grain of Winter Wheat Inoculated with Fusarium culmorum. Toxins, 11, 2.
  • Goasaert H, Brijs K, Veraverbeke WS, Courtin CM, Gebruers K, Delcour JA. 2005. Wheat Flour Constituents: How They Impact Bread Quality, and How to Impact their Functionality. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 16:12–30.
  • González-Domínguez E, Meriggi P, Ruggeri M, Rossi V, 2021. Efficacy of Fungicides Against Fusarium Head Blight Depends on the Timing Relative to Infection Rather than on Wheat Growth Stage. Agronomy, 11(8): 1549.
  • Hekimhan H, 2010. Trakya Bölgesinde Buğdaylarda Kök ve Kök Boğazı Çürüklüğüne Neden Olan Fungal Etmenler ve Patojenisitelerini Etkileyen Bazı Faktörler Üzerine Araştırmalar. Doktora Tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya.
  • Haidukowski M, Visconti A, Perrone G, Vanadia S, Pancaldi D, Covarelli L, Balestrazzi R, Pascale M, 2012. Effect of Prothioconazole-based Fungicides on Fusarium Head Blight Grain Yield and Deoxynivalenol Accumulation in Wheat Under Field Conditions. Phytopathologia Mediterranea, 51(1):236-246.
  • Hruskova M, Famera O, 2003. Prediction of Wheat and Flour Zeleny Sedimantation Value Using NIR Technique, Czech Journal of Food Science, 21:91-96.
  • Jones RK, 2000 Assessments of Fusarium Head Blight of Wheat and Barley in Response to Fungicide Treatment. Plant Disease, 84:1021–1030.
  • Kahraman T, Avcı R, Öztürk İ, 2008. Islah Çalışmaları Sonucu Geliştirilen Bazı Ekmeklik Buğday Hatlarının Tane Verimi ve Bazı Kalite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi. Ülkesel Tahıl Sempozyumu, 2-5 Haziran 2008, KONYA.
  • Khalil IH, Carver BF, Krenzer EG, MacKown CT, Horn GW, 2002. Genetic Trends in Winter Wheat Yield and Test Weight Under Dual Purpose and Grain Only Management. Crop Science, 710-715.
  • Köycü ND, Özer N, 2019. Trakya Bölgesi’nde Bazı Buğday Çeşitlerinin Fusarium spp. İzolatlarına Karşı Dayanıklılığın Tespit Edilmesi. KSÜ Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 22(4): 498-505.
  • Marín S, Ramos AJ, Cano-Sancho G, Sanchis V, 2013. Mycotoxins: Occurrence, Toxicology, and Exposure Assessment. Food Chemistry Toxicology, 60:218–237.
  • Mert Türk F, Kahraman F, Gencer R, Egese CÖ, 2013. Fusarium Başak Yanıklığının Buğdayda Toplam Protein Oranı ve Karbonhidrat İçeriğine Etkisi. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 23(2): 149–153.
  • Miadenow N, Przulj N, Hristov N, Djuric V, Milovanovic M, 2001. Cultivar-by-Enviroment Interactions for Wheat Quality Traits in Semiarid Conditions. Cereal Chemistry, 78, 363-367.
  • Morkunas I, Marczak Ł, Stachowiak J, Stobiecki M, 2005. Sucrose-ınduced Lupine Defense Against Fusarium oxysporum: Sucrose-stimulated Accumulation of Isoflavonoids as a Defense Response of Lupine to Fusarium oxysporum. Plant Physiology Biochemistry, 43:363–373.
  • Mutlu A, 2020. Buğdayda Kalite Kriterleri (edt: N. Yarpuz Bozdoğan; Ziraat Orman ve Su Ürünleri Alanında Teori ve Araştırmalar. Gece Kitaplığı, Bölüm;14.
  • Nightingale M, Marchylo BA, Clear RM, Dexter JE, Preston KR, 1999. Fusarium Head Blight: Effect of Fungal Protease on Wheat Storage Protein Oranı. Cereal Chemistry, 76:150-158.
  • Okur Y, 2017. Ekmeklik Buğday Kalitesini Değerlendirmede Kullanılan Kimyasal ve Fiziksel Özelliklerin İncelenmesi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, s70.
  • Pasquali M, Beyer M, Logrieco A, Audenaert K, BalmasV, Basler R, Boutigny A-L, Chrpova J, Czembor E, Gagkaeva T, Gonzales-Jaen MT, Hofgaard IS, Köycü ND, Hoffman L, J. Levic, Marin P, Miedaner T, Migheli Q, Moretti A, Müller MEH, Munaut F, Parikka P, Pallez-Barthel M, Piec J, Scauflaire J, Scherm B, Stankovic S, Thrane U, Uhlig S, Vanheule A, Yli_Mattila T and Vogelgsang S 2016. A European Database of Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum Trichothecene Genotypes. Frontiers in Microbiology, 7: 406.
  • Paul PA, Lipps, PE, Hershman DE, McMullen MP, Draper MA, Madden LV, 2008. Efficacy of Triazole-Based Fungicides for Fusarium Head-Blight and Deoxynivalenol Control in Wheat: A Multivariate Meta-analysis. Phytopathology, 98: 999–1011.
  • Pasquali M, Beyer M, Logrieco A, Audenaert K, BalmasV, Basler R, Boutigny AL, Chrpova J, Czembor E, Gagkaeva T, Gonzales-Jaen MT, Hofgaard IS, Köycü ND, Hoffman L, Levic J, Marin P, Miedaner T, Migheli Q, Moretti A, Müller MEH, Munaut F, Parikka P, Pallez-Barthel M, Piec J, Scauflaire J, Scherm B, Stankovic S, Thrane U, Uhlig S, Vanheule A, Yli_Mattila T and Vogelgsang S, 2016. A European Database of Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum Trichothecene Genotypes. Frontiers in Microbiology, 7: 406.
  • Peterson CJ, Graybosch RA, Baezinger PS, Grombacher AW, 1992. Genotype and Environment Effects on Quality Characteristics of Hard Red Winter Wheat. Crop Science, 32: 98-103.
  • Perten H 1990. Rapid Measurement of Wheat Gluten Quality by the Gluten Index. Cereal Foods World, 35:401-402.
  • Salgado JD, Madden L, Paul PA, 2014. Efficacy and Economics of Integrating in Field and Harvesting Strategies to Manage Fusarium Head Blight of Wheat. Plant Disease, 98:1407–1421.
  • Scherm B, Balmas V, Spanu F, Pani G, Delogu G, Pasquali M, Migheli Q, 2013. Fusarium culmorum: Causal Agent of Foot and Root Rot and Head Blight on Wheat. Molecular Plant Pathology, 14(4):323–341.
  • Streuter N, Moerschbacher B, Fischer Y, Noll U, Reisener H, 1989. Fructose-2,6-Bisphosphate in Wheat Leaves Infected with Stem Rust. Journal of Plant Physiology, 134:254–257.
  • Tarkowski LP, Van De Poel B, Höfte M, Ende WVD, 2019. Sweet Immunity: Inulin Boosts Resistance of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) Against Grey Mold (Botrytis cinerea) in an Ethylene-Dependent Manner. International Journal of Molecular Science, 20: 105.
  • Trail F, 2009. For Blighted Waves of Grain: Fusarium graminearum in The Postgenomics Era. Plant Physiology, 149:103–110.
  • Troccoli A, Borreli GM, De Vita P, Fares C, Di Fonzo N, 2000. Durum Wheat Quality: A Multidisciplinary Concept. Journal of Cereal Science, 32:99-113.
  • Turnbull KM, Rahman S, 2002. Endosperm Texture in Wheat. Journal of Cereal Science, 36:327-337. Xu X, Nicholson P, 2009. Community Ecology of Fungal Pathogens Causing Wheat Head Blight. Annual Review Phytopathology, 47:83–103.
  • Wang H, Sun S, Ge W, Zhao L, Hou B, Wang K, Lyu Z, Chen L, Xu S, Guo J. et al. 2020. Horizontal Gene Transfer of Fhb7 from Fungus Underlies Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Wheat. Science. 368, eaba5435.
  • Wieser H, 2007. Chemistry of Gluten and Protein Orans, Food Microbiology, 24:115-119.
  • Zadoks JC, Chang TT, Konzak CF, 1974. A Decimal Code for the Growth Stages of Cereals. Weed Research, 14:415-421.

Fusarium Başak Yanıklığının Buğday Kalite Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi: Enfekteli Başaklara Fungisit Uygulamaları Sonrasındaki Değişim

Year 2021, Volume: 11 Issue: özel sayı, 3455 - 3464, 30.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1027025

Abstract

Fusarium culmorum’un (Wm. G. Sm.) Sacc. tahıllarda fide yanıklığı (FSB), kök çürüklüğü ve başak
yanıklığına (FHB) neden olduğu enfeksiyonlar, dünyada ve aynı zamanda Trakya Bölgesi’nde de önemli bir
sorundur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, F. culmorum’un buğday tanelerinde protein oranı (%), tanecik boyutu (Particul
Size Index), Zeleny sedimantasyon (ml), gluten (%) ve gluten index (%) kriterlerinin kalite parametreleri üzerine
etkisini ve fungus ile enfekteli başaklara fungisit uygulamaları sonrasında tane kalite kriterlerindeki değişimi
belirlemektir. Buğdayın antezis döneminde (ZGS 61), başaklara el spreyi ile fungusun spor süspansiyonu
uygulaması yapılmıştır. Başaklara fungusun suni inokulasyonundan 48 saat sonra,
prothioconazole+trifloxystrobin (Madison SC, Bayer CropScience, Türkiye), thiophanate-methyl+tetraconazole
(Yamato SE, SumiAgro, Türkiye) ve tebuconazole (Rally SC 250, Agrofarm, Türkiye) etkili maddeleri el
pulverizatörü ile uygulanmıştır. Deneme sonunda buğday tanelerinin kalite parametrelerindeki değişimi tespit
edilmiştir. Fungisit uygulaması yapılan enfekteli başaklarla karşılaştırıldığında, FHB ile enfekteli tanelerde de
protein oranı içeriği değişmemiştir. Enfekteli tanelerde yaş gluten (%), tanecik boyutu (PSI), Zeleny
sedimantasyon miktarı (ml) ve gluten indeks (%) değerleri kontrolle kıyaslandığında azalmıştır. Fungisitler
arasında, prothioconazole+trifloxystrobin kalite parametreleri üzerinde en etkili fungisit olmuştur. Zeleny
sedimantasyon ve yaş gluten arasındaki korelasyon pozitif ve önemli (p<0.01) bulunmuştur.

References

  • Anonymus 1990. Approved Methods of the American Association of Cereal Chemist, USA.
  • Anonymous 1994. ICC Standard No 155: Determination of Wet Gluten Quantity and Quality (Gluten Index ac. To Perten) of Whole Wheat Meal and Wheat Flour.
  • Anonymous, 2007. Commission Regulation (EC) No 1126/2007 of 28 September 2007 Amending Regulation (Ec) No 1881/2006 Setting Maxi-Mum Levels For Certain Contaminants in Foodstuffs As Regards Fusarium Toxins in Maize and Maize Products (Text with EEA Relevance). https://eurlex.europa.eu/legalcontent/EN/ALL/uri=CELEX:32007R1126 (erişim tarihi 2 Şubat 2021).
  • Atlı A, 1999. Buğday ve Ürünleri Kalitesi. Orta Anadolu'da Hububat Tarımının Sorunları ve Çözüm Yolları Sempozyumu. S. 498-506 (8-11 Haziran) Bildirileri. Konya.
  • Bai G, 1995. Scab of Wheat: Epidemiology, Inheritance of Resistance and Molecular Markers Linked to Cultivar Resistance. Ph.D. Thesis. West Lafayette, IN, USA, Purdue University.
  • Bechtel DB, Kaleikau LA, Gaines RL, Seitz LM, 1985. The Effects of Fusarium graminearum Infection on Wheat Kernels. Cereal Chemistry, 62:191–197.
  • Bennett JW, Klich, M, 2003. Mycotoxins. Clinic Microbiology Review, 16:497–516.
  • Bottalico A, Perrone G, 2002. Toxigenic Fusarium Species and Mycotoxins Associated with Head Blight in Small-grain Cereals in Europe. Mycotoxins Plant Disease, 108:611–624.
  • Chala A, Weinert J, Wolf GA, 2003. An İntegrated Approach to the Evaluation of the Efficacy of Fungicides Against Fusarium culmorum, the Cause of Head Blight of Wheat. Journal of Phytopathology, 151:673–678.
  • Finci S, 1979. Buğdayın Kök ve Kök-Boğazı Hastalıkları ve Korunma Çareleri. Gıda Tarım ve Hayvancılık Bakanlığı Zirai Mücadele ve Zirai Karantina Genel Müdürlüğü, Çiftçi Broşürü No: 21, s,15.
  • Foroud NA, Eudes F, 2009.Trichothecenes in Cereal Grains. International Journal Molecular Science,10:147–173.
  • Gaudet DA, Laroche A, Yoshida M, 1999. Low Temperature-Wheat-Fungal Interactions: A Carbohydrate Connection. Physiologia Plantarum, 106:437–444.
  • Góral T, Wiśniewska H, Ochodzki P, Nielsen LK, Walentyn-Góral D, Stępień Ł, 2018. Relationship Between Fusarium Head Blight, Kernel Damage, Concentration of Fusarium Biomass, and Fusarium Toxins in Grain of Winter Wheat Inoculated with Fusarium culmorum. Toxins, 11, 2.
  • Goasaert H, Brijs K, Veraverbeke WS, Courtin CM, Gebruers K, Delcour JA. 2005. Wheat Flour Constituents: How They Impact Bread Quality, and How to Impact their Functionality. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 16:12–30.
  • González-Domínguez E, Meriggi P, Ruggeri M, Rossi V, 2021. Efficacy of Fungicides Against Fusarium Head Blight Depends on the Timing Relative to Infection Rather than on Wheat Growth Stage. Agronomy, 11(8): 1549.
  • Hekimhan H, 2010. Trakya Bölgesinde Buğdaylarda Kök ve Kök Boğazı Çürüklüğüne Neden Olan Fungal Etmenler ve Patojenisitelerini Etkileyen Bazı Faktörler Üzerine Araştırmalar. Doktora Tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya.
  • Haidukowski M, Visconti A, Perrone G, Vanadia S, Pancaldi D, Covarelli L, Balestrazzi R, Pascale M, 2012. Effect of Prothioconazole-based Fungicides on Fusarium Head Blight Grain Yield and Deoxynivalenol Accumulation in Wheat Under Field Conditions. Phytopathologia Mediterranea, 51(1):236-246.
  • Hruskova M, Famera O, 2003. Prediction of Wheat and Flour Zeleny Sedimantation Value Using NIR Technique, Czech Journal of Food Science, 21:91-96.
  • Jones RK, 2000 Assessments of Fusarium Head Blight of Wheat and Barley in Response to Fungicide Treatment. Plant Disease, 84:1021–1030.
  • Kahraman T, Avcı R, Öztürk İ, 2008. Islah Çalışmaları Sonucu Geliştirilen Bazı Ekmeklik Buğday Hatlarının Tane Verimi ve Bazı Kalite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi. Ülkesel Tahıl Sempozyumu, 2-5 Haziran 2008, KONYA.
  • Khalil IH, Carver BF, Krenzer EG, MacKown CT, Horn GW, 2002. Genetic Trends in Winter Wheat Yield and Test Weight Under Dual Purpose and Grain Only Management. Crop Science, 710-715.
  • Köycü ND, Özer N, 2019. Trakya Bölgesi’nde Bazı Buğday Çeşitlerinin Fusarium spp. İzolatlarına Karşı Dayanıklılığın Tespit Edilmesi. KSÜ Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 22(4): 498-505.
  • Marín S, Ramos AJ, Cano-Sancho G, Sanchis V, 2013. Mycotoxins: Occurrence, Toxicology, and Exposure Assessment. Food Chemistry Toxicology, 60:218–237.
  • Mert Türk F, Kahraman F, Gencer R, Egese CÖ, 2013. Fusarium Başak Yanıklığının Buğdayda Toplam Protein Oranı ve Karbonhidrat İçeriğine Etkisi. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 23(2): 149–153.
  • Miadenow N, Przulj N, Hristov N, Djuric V, Milovanovic M, 2001. Cultivar-by-Enviroment Interactions for Wheat Quality Traits in Semiarid Conditions. Cereal Chemistry, 78, 363-367.
  • Morkunas I, Marczak Ł, Stachowiak J, Stobiecki M, 2005. Sucrose-ınduced Lupine Defense Against Fusarium oxysporum: Sucrose-stimulated Accumulation of Isoflavonoids as a Defense Response of Lupine to Fusarium oxysporum. Plant Physiology Biochemistry, 43:363–373.
  • Mutlu A, 2020. Buğdayda Kalite Kriterleri (edt: N. Yarpuz Bozdoğan; Ziraat Orman ve Su Ürünleri Alanında Teori ve Araştırmalar. Gece Kitaplığı, Bölüm;14.
  • Nightingale M, Marchylo BA, Clear RM, Dexter JE, Preston KR, 1999. Fusarium Head Blight: Effect of Fungal Protease on Wheat Storage Protein Oranı. Cereal Chemistry, 76:150-158.
  • Okur Y, 2017. Ekmeklik Buğday Kalitesini Değerlendirmede Kullanılan Kimyasal ve Fiziksel Özelliklerin İncelenmesi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, s70.
  • Pasquali M, Beyer M, Logrieco A, Audenaert K, BalmasV, Basler R, Boutigny A-L, Chrpova J, Czembor E, Gagkaeva T, Gonzales-Jaen MT, Hofgaard IS, Köycü ND, Hoffman L, J. Levic, Marin P, Miedaner T, Migheli Q, Moretti A, Müller MEH, Munaut F, Parikka P, Pallez-Barthel M, Piec J, Scauflaire J, Scherm B, Stankovic S, Thrane U, Uhlig S, Vanheule A, Yli_Mattila T and Vogelgsang S 2016. A European Database of Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum Trichothecene Genotypes. Frontiers in Microbiology, 7: 406.
  • Paul PA, Lipps, PE, Hershman DE, McMullen MP, Draper MA, Madden LV, 2008. Efficacy of Triazole-Based Fungicides for Fusarium Head-Blight and Deoxynivalenol Control in Wheat: A Multivariate Meta-analysis. Phytopathology, 98: 999–1011.
  • Pasquali M, Beyer M, Logrieco A, Audenaert K, BalmasV, Basler R, Boutigny AL, Chrpova J, Czembor E, Gagkaeva T, Gonzales-Jaen MT, Hofgaard IS, Köycü ND, Hoffman L, Levic J, Marin P, Miedaner T, Migheli Q, Moretti A, Müller MEH, Munaut F, Parikka P, Pallez-Barthel M, Piec J, Scauflaire J, Scherm B, Stankovic S, Thrane U, Uhlig S, Vanheule A, Yli_Mattila T and Vogelgsang S, 2016. A European Database of Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum Trichothecene Genotypes. Frontiers in Microbiology, 7: 406.
  • Peterson CJ, Graybosch RA, Baezinger PS, Grombacher AW, 1992. Genotype and Environment Effects on Quality Characteristics of Hard Red Winter Wheat. Crop Science, 32: 98-103.
  • Perten H 1990. Rapid Measurement of Wheat Gluten Quality by the Gluten Index. Cereal Foods World, 35:401-402.
  • Salgado JD, Madden L, Paul PA, 2014. Efficacy and Economics of Integrating in Field and Harvesting Strategies to Manage Fusarium Head Blight of Wheat. Plant Disease, 98:1407–1421.
  • Scherm B, Balmas V, Spanu F, Pani G, Delogu G, Pasquali M, Migheli Q, 2013. Fusarium culmorum: Causal Agent of Foot and Root Rot and Head Blight on Wheat. Molecular Plant Pathology, 14(4):323–341.
  • Streuter N, Moerschbacher B, Fischer Y, Noll U, Reisener H, 1989. Fructose-2,6-Bisphosphate in Wheat Leaves Infected with Stem Rust. Journal of Plant Physiology, 134:254–257.
  • Tarkowski LP, Van De Poel B, Höfte M, Ende WVD, 2019. Sweet Immunity: Inulin Boosts Resistance of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) Against Grey Mold (Botrytis cinerea) in an Ethylene-Dependent Manner. International Journal of Molecular Science, 20: 105.
  • Trail F, 2009. For Blighted Waves of Grain: Fusarium graminearum in The Postgenomics Era. Plant Physiology, 149:103–110.
  • Troccoli A, Borreli GM, De Vita P, Fares C, Di Fonzo N, 2000. Durum Wheat Quality: A Multidisciplinary Concept. Journal of Cereal Science, 32:99-113.
  • Turnbull KM, Rahman S, 2002. Endosperm Texture in Wheat. Journal of Cereal Science, 36:327-337. Xu X, Nicholson P, 2009. Community Ecology of Fungal Pathogens Causing Wheat Head Blight. Annual Review Phytopathology, 47:83–103.
  • Wang H, Sun S, Ge W, Zhao L, Hou B, Wang K, Lyu Z, Chen L, Xu S, Guo J. et al. 2020. Horizontal Gene Transfer of Fhb7 from Fungus Underlies Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Wheat. Science. 368, eaba5435.
  • Wieser H, 2007. Chemistry of Gluten and Protein Orans, Food Microbiology, 24:115-119.
  • Zadoks JC, Chang TT, Konzak CF, 1974. A Decimal Code for the Growth Stages of Cereals. Weed Research, 14:415-421.
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences
Journal Section Bitki Koruma / Plant Protection
Authors

Nagehan Desen Köycü 0000-0001-6876-7580

Early Pub Date December 29, 2021
Publication Date December 30, 2021
Submission Date November 22, 2021
Acceptance Date December 14, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 11 Issue: özel sayı

Cite

APA Köycü, N. D. (2021). Fusarium Başak Yanıklığının Buğday Kalite Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi: Enfekteli Başaklara Fungisit Uygulamaları Sonrasındaki Değişim. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 11(özel sayı), 3455-3464. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1027025
AMA Köycü ND. Fusarium Başak Yanıklığının Buğday Kalite Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi: Enfekteli Başaklara Fungisit Uygulamaları Sonrasındaki Değişim. J. Inst. Sci. and Tech. December 2021;11(özel sayı):3455-3464. doi:10.21597/jist.1027025
Chicago Köycü, Nagehan Desen. “Fusarium Başak Yanıklığının Buğday Kalite Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi: Enfekteli Başaklara Fungisit Uygulamaları Sonrasındaki Değişim”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 11, no. özel sayı (December 2021): 3455-64. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1027025.
EndNote Köycü ND (December 1, 2021) Fusarium Başak Yanıklığının Buğday Kalite Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi: Enfekteli Başaklara Fungisit Uygulamaları Sonrasındaki Değişim. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 11 özel sayı 3455–3464.
IEEE N. D. Köycü, “Fusarium Başak Yanıklığının Buğday Kalite Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi: Enfekteli Başaklara Fungisit Uygulamaları Sonrasındaki Değişim”, J. Inst. Sci. and Tech., vol. 11, no. özel sayı, pp. 3455–3464, 2021, doi: 10.21597/jist.1027025.
ISNAD Köycü, Nagehan Desen. “Fusarium Başak Yanıklığının Buğday Kalite Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi: Enfekteli Başaklara Fungisit Uygulamaları Sonrasındaki Değişim”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 11/özel sayı (December 2021), 3455-3464. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1027025.
JAMA Köycü ND. Fusarium Başak Yanıklığının Buğday Kalite Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi: Enfekteli Başaklara Fungisit Uygulamaları Sonrasındaki Değişim. J. Inst. Sci. and Tech. 2021;11:3455–3464.
MLA Köycü, Nagehan Desen. “Fusarium Başak Yanıklığının Buğday Kalite Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi: Enfekteli Başaklara Fungisit Uygulamaları Sonrasındaki Değişim”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, vol. 11, no. özel sayı, 2021, pp. 3455-64, doi:10.21597/jist.1027025.
Vancouver Köycü ND. Fusarium Başak Yanıklığının Buğday Kalite Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi: Enfekteli Başaklara Fungisit Uygulamaları Sonrasındaki Değişim. J. Inst. Sci. and Tech. 2021;11(özel sayı):3455-64.