Araştırma Makalesi
Sebzelerde Sorun Olan Önemli Bitki Fungal Hastalık Etmenlerine Karşı Vermikomposttan İzole Edilen Mikrobiyomların in vitro Antagonistik Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi
Öz
Bu
çalışmada, solucan gübresi olarak bilinen vermikompostlardan elde edilen
bakteriyel mikrobiyomların sebzelerde sorun olan önemli yaprak ve toprak
kökenli fungal hastalık etmenlerinden Sclerotinia
sclerotiorum, Macrophomina phaseolina, Botrytis cinerea, Verticilium dahliae
üzerine olan antagonistik etkinlikleri in vitro koşullarda
araştırılmıştır. Yapılan izolasyonlar sonucunda toplam 69 adet aday bakteriyel izolat
elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen bakteriyel izolatlar arasında 28 bakteriyel izolat
(toplam izolatın %49.12) in vitro
ikili kültür testlemelerinde fungal etmenlerden S. sclerotiorum’un gelişimini %1.72-75.43, M. phaseolina’nın gelişimini %1.67-65.83, B. cinerea gelişimini %3.44-57.18, V. dahliae gelişimini ise %2.28-58.74 gibi değişen oranlarda engellemişlerdir. Antagonist
potansiyele sahip bakteriyel izolatların çoğunluğunun Bacillus spp.’e ait
olduğu belirlenmiştir. İzolatlar arasında bazı Bacillus spp.’ye ait izolatlar fungal hastalık etmeni S. sclerotiorum hifleri üzerinde önemli
morfolojik değişikliklere neden olmuştur. Antagonist bakterilerin in vitro antagonizm etkinliği, fungus
inokulasyonu öncesi ön inkübasyon süresine bağlı olarak artış göstermiştir. Bacillus spp. ait izolatlar yüksek
antagonistik özelliklerinden dolayı organik ve sürdürülebilir tarımı teşvik
etmek için toprak kökenli hastalıklarla mücadelede kimyasallara alternatif
etkili biyo-kontrol ajanlar olarak kullanılabilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Biyolojik mücadele Antagonist Toprak kökenli Fungal hastalıklar
Destekleyen Kurum
Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyonu Başkanlığı
Proje Numarası
Proje Numarası: BAP-189
Teşekkür
Bu çalışma Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyonu Başkanlığı tarafından finansal olarak desteklenmiştir (Proje Numarası: BAP-189).
Kaynakça
- Ahmad F, Babalola OO, Tak HI 2012. Potential of MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry as a Rapid Detection Technique in Plant Pathology: Identification of Plant-Associated Microorganisms. Anal Bioanal Chem 404: 1247–1255.
- Aktan ZC 2018. Badem Ağaçlarında Sorun Olan Toprak Kökenli Fungal Hastalık Etmenlerine Karşı Antagonist ve Bitki Gelişimini Teşvik Eden Bakterilerin in vitro Etkinliklerinin Belirlenmesi. Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniv Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bitki Koruma Ana Bilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 102 sy.
- Anonim 2018. TUİK Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri. https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=92&locale=tr (Erişim tarihi 02.08.2019)
- Arancon NQ, Edwards CA, Atiyeh R, Metzger JD 2004a. Effects of Vermicomposts Produced from Food Waste on the Growth and Yields of Greenhouse Peppers. Bioresour Technol 93: 139–144.
- Araujo FF, Henning AA, Hungria M 2005. Phytohormones and Antibiotics Produced by Bacillus subtilis and Their Effects on Seed Pathogenic Fungi and on Soybean Root Development. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 21(8-9): 1639-1645.
- Atiyeh RM, Subler S, Edwards CA, Bachman G, Metzger JD, Shuster W 2000. Effects of Vermicomposts and Composts on Plant Growth in Horticultural Container Media and Soil. Pedobiologia 44: 579–590.
- Barocio-Ceja NB, Ceja-Torres LF, Morales-Garcia JL, Silva-Rojas HV, Flores-Magallon R, Ochoa-Estrada S 2013. In vitro Biocontrol of Tomato Pathogens Using Antagonists Isolated from Chicken-Manure Vermicompost. Phyton-Internatıonal Journal of Experımental Botany 82: 15-22.
- Boehm MJ, Madden LV, Hoitink HAJ 1993. Effect of Organic Matter Decomposition Level on Bacterial Species Diversity and Composition in Relationship to Pythium Damping–Off Severity. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 59: 4171-4179.
- Cavigelli MA, Thien SJ, 2003. Phosphorus Bioavailability Following Incorporation of Green Manure Crops. Soil Science Society American Journal 67: 1186-1194.
- Chaiharn M, Chunhaleuchanon S, Kozo A, Lumyong S 2008. Screening of Rhizobacteria for Their Plant Growth Promoting Activities. KMITL Science and Technology Journal 8(1): 18-23.
- Chung SH, Kong HS, Buyer JS, Lakshman DK, Lydon J, Kim SD, Roberts DP 2008. Isolation and Partial Characterization of Bacillus subtilis ME488 for Suppression of Soil Borne Pathogens of Cucumber and Pepper. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 80: 115–123.
- Conklin AE, Erich MS, Liebman M, Lambert D, Gallandt ER, Halteman WA 2002. Effects of Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) Green Manure and Compost Soil Amendments on Wild Mustard (Brassica kaber) Growth and Incidence of Disease. Plant and Soil 238: 245-256.
- Devi OG, Dutta BK, Das AK 2013. In vitro Solubilization of Rock Phosphate and Biocontrol of Tea Pathogens by Microorganisms Isolated from Vermicompost. Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 7: 759-765.
- Edwards CA, Arancon NQ 2004. Interactions among Organic Matter Earthworms and Microorganisms in Promoting Plant Growth. In: Functions and Management of Organic Matter in Agro ecosystems. C.A. Edwards (Editor in Chief), F. Magdoff, R. Weil (Eds.) Crc Press, Boca Raton, pp. 327- 376.
- Emmert EAB, Handelsman J, 1999. Biocontrol of Plant Disease: A (Gram -) Positive Perspective. FEMS Microbiological Letters 171: 1-9.
- Gamliel A, Stapleton JJ 1993. Effect of Chicken Compost or Ammonium Phosphate and Solarization on Pathogen Control, Rhizosphere Microorganisms and Lettuce Growth. Plant Disease 77: 886-891.
- Gamliel A, Stapleton JJ, 2012. Combining Soil Solarization with Organic Amendments. In: Gamliel A., Katan J. (eds). Soil Solarization: Theory and Practice, pp. 109-120. APS Press, USA.
- Gupta CP, Kumar B, Dubey RC, Maheshwari DK 2006. Chitinase Mediated Destructive Antagonistic Potential of Pseudomonas aeruginosa GRC1 against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Causing Stem Rot of Peanut. BioControl 51: 821–835.
- Hadar Y 1991. Control of Soil-Borne Diseases Using Suppressive Compost in Container Media. Phytoparasitica 19: 167.
- Huang CJ, Chen CY 2004. Gene Cloning and Biochemical Characterization of Chitinase CH from Bacillus cereus 28-9. Annals of Microbiology 54(3): 289-297.
- Hoitink HJ, Harry AJ, Zhang W 1997. Making Compost to Suppress Plant Disease. BioCycle 38(4): 40.
- Jadhav HP, Shaikh SS, Sayyed RZ 2017. Role of Hydrolytic Enzymes of Rhizoflora in Biocontrol of Fungal Phytopathogens: An Overview: In: Rhizotrophs: Plant Growth Promotion to Bioremediation (pp. 183-203). Springer, Singapur.
- Kale RD, Mallesh BC, Bano K, Bagyaraj DJ 1992. Infuence of Vermicompost Application on the Available Macronutrients and Selected Microbial Populations in a Paddy Fields. Soil Biol Biochem 24: 1317-1320.
- Katan J 1999. The Methyl Bromide Issue: Problems and Potential Solutions. Journal of Plant Pathology 81: 153-159.
- Katan J, Shtienberg D, Gamliel A 2012. The Integrated Management Concept in the Context of Soilborne Pathogens and Soil Disinfestation. In: Gamliel A., Katan J. (eds). Soil Solarization: Theory and Practice, pp. 91-97. APS Press, USA.
- Katan J 2017. Diseases Caused by Soilborne Pathogens: Biology, Management and Challenges. Journal of Plant Pathology 99(2): 305-315.
- Kiran ÖF, Ertunç F 1998. Detection of the Diseases of Solanaceous Plants in Van Province. Journal of Turkish Phytopathology 27: 105-111.
- Koivunen EE, Tully KL, Swett CL 2018. Co-Managing Soil and Plant Pathogens: Effects of Organic Amendments on Soil Fertility and Fungal Pathogen Survival. Plant Soil 432: 171–189.
- Kumar P, Dubey RC, Maheshwari DK 2012. Bacillus Strains Isolated from Rhizosphere Showed Plant Growth Promoting and Antagonistic Activity against Phytopathogens. Microbiological Research 167: 493–499.
- Landa BB, Hervás A, Bettiol W, Jimenes-Dias RM 1997. Antagonist Activity of Bacteria from the Chickpea Rhizosphere against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris. Phytoparasitica 25: 305-318.
- Larkin, RP, Hopkins AD, Martin FN 1996. Suppression of Fusarium Wilt of Watermelon by Nonpathogenic Fusarium oxysporum and Other Microorganisms Recovered from A Disease-Suppressive Soil. Phytopathology 86: 812-819.
- Lelliott RA, Stead DE 1987. Methods for the Diagnosis of Bacterial Disease of Plants. (T. F. PREECE, Editör). In: Methods in Plant Pathology, Blackwell Scientific Publications, 2: 176-177, Oxford.
- Litterick AM, Harrier L, Wallace P, Watson CA, Wood M 2004. The Role of Uncomposted Materials, Composts, Manures and Compost Extracts in Reducing Pest and Disease Incidence and Severity in Sustainable Temperate Agricultural and Horticultural Crop Production: A Review. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 23: 453-479.
- Magid J, Henriksen O, Thorup-Kristensen K, Mueller T 2001. Disproportionately High N-Mineralisation Rates from Green Manures at Low Temperatures Implications for Modelling and Management in Cool Temperate Agro-Ecosystems. Plant and Soil 228: 73-82.
- Malcolm GM, Kuldau GA, Gugino BK, Jimenez-Gasco M 2013. Hidden Host Plant Associations of Soilborne Fungal Pathogens: An Ecological Perspective. Phytopathology 103: 538-544.
- Martin FN 2003. Development of Alternative Strategies for Management of Soilborne Pathogens Currently Controlled with Methyl Bromide. Annual Review of Phytopathology 41: 325-350.
- McDonald BA, Linde C 2002. Pathogen Population Genetics, Evolutionary Potential and Durable Resistance. Annual Review of Phytopathology 40: 349-379.
- Mihail JD 1992. Macrophomina. In: Singleton LL, Mihail JD, Rush CM (eds), Methods for Research on Soilborne Phytopathogenic Fungi. APS Press, Minnesota, pp 134-136.
- Nelson PE 1981. Life Cycle and Epidemiology of Fusarium oxysporum. In: Mace EM, Bell AA, Beckman CH (eds) Fungal Wilt Diseases of Plants. pp 51-80.
- Noble R, Coventry E 2005. Suppression of Soil-Borne Plant Diseases with Composts: A Review. Biocontrol Science and Technology 15: 3-20.
- Pandya U, Prakash S, Shende K, Dhuldhaj U, Saraf M 2017. Multifarious Allelochemicals Exhibiting Antifungal Activity from Bacillus subtilis MBCU5. 3 Biotech 7: 175.
- Pavlovic M, Konrad R, Iwobi AN, Sing A, Busch U, Huber I 2012. A Dual Approach Employing MALDI-TOF MS and Real-Time PCR for Fast Species Identification within the Enterobacter cloacae Complex. FEMS Microbiology Letters 328: 46-53.
- Punja ZK, Rahe JE 1992. Sclerotium. In: Singleton LL, Mihail JD, Rush CM (eds), Methods for Research on Soilborne Phytopathogenic Fungi. APS Press, Minnesota, pp 166-170.
- Riggle D 1998. Vermicomposting Research and Education. Biocycle 54-56.
- Sasser M 1990. Identification of Bacteria through Fatty Acid Analyses. (Z Klement, K Rudolph, DC Sands, Editor). In: Methods in Phytobacteriology. Academia Kiado, Budapest, pp. 199– 204, Hungary.
- Senthilkumar M, Swarnlakshmi K, Govindasamy V, Lee YK, Annapurna K 2009. Biocontrol Potential of Soybean Bacterial Endophytes against Charcoal Rot Fungus Rhizoctonia bataticola. Current Microbiology 58: 288-293.
- Singh N, Pandey P, Dubey RC, Maheshwari DK 2008. Biological Control of Root Rot Fungus Macrophomina phaseolina and Growth Enhancement of Pinus roxburghii (Sarg.) by Rhizosphere Competent Bacillus subtilis BN1. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 24: 1669-1679.
- Sneh B, Jabaji-Hare S, Neate SM, Dijst G 1997. Rhizoctonia Species: Taxonomy, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Pathology and Disease Control. Kluwer, London.
- Soylu S, Kurt Ş 2001. Occurrence and Distribution of Fungal Diseases on Greenhouse Grown Pepper Plants in Hatay Province. International XIth Eucarpia Meeting on Genetics and Breeding of Capsicum & Eggplant, pp 315-319 Antalya-Turkey.
- Soylu S, Soylu EM, Kurt Ş, Ekici ÖK 2005. Antagonistic Potentials of Rhizosphere-Associated Bacterial Isolates against Soil-Borne Diseases of Tomato and Pepper Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Rhizoctonia solani. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 8: 43-48.
- Soylu EM, Kurt Ş, Soylu S 2010. In vitro and in vivo Antifungal Activities of the Essential Oils of Various Plants against Tomato Grey Mould Disease Agent Botrytis cinerea. International Journal of Food Microbiology 143: 183-189.
- Sönmez E 2018. Fasulyede (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Sorun Olan Toprak Kökenli Fungal Hastalık Etmenlerine Karşı Karıştırmalı Yığın Kompostlamasından Elde Edilen Bakterilerin in vitro Koşullarda Antagonistik Potansiyellerinin Araştırılması. Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bitki Koruma Ana Bilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 67 sayfa.
- Szczech M, Rondomanâ Ski W, Brzeski MW, Smolinâ Ska U, Kotowski JF 1993. Suppressive Effect of a Commercial Earthworm Compost on Some Root Infecting Pathogens of Cabbage and Tomato. Biol Agric Hortic 10: 47-52.
- Szczech MM 1999. Suppresiveness of Vermicompost against Fusarium Wilt of Tomato. J of Phytopathology 147-155.
- Şimşek-Erşahin Y 2007. Vermikest ve Vermikest Hümik Fraksiyonlarının Hıyar (Cucumis sativus L.) Kök ve Gövde Çürüklük Etmenleri Rhizoctonia solani (Kühn) ve Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerum Üzerindeki Baskılama Etkisinin Belirlenmesi. GOP Üniversitesi Fen Bil Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, Tokat.
- Xiao L, Xie CC, Cai J, Lin ZJ, Cheun YH 2009. Identification and Characterization of A Chitinase Producing Bacillus Showing Significant Antifungal Activity. Current Microbiology 58(5): 528.
- Tekin Ş, Soylu EM, Soylu S 2004. Rizosfer Bölgesi Topraklardan İzole Edilen Bakteri İzolatlarının Biberlerde Toprak Kökenli Fungal Hastalık Etmenlerine Karşı Antagonist Potansiyellerin Belirlenmesi. Türkiye 1. Bitki Koruma Kongresi, 8-10 Eylül Samsun, sayfa 57.
- Yang MM, Xu LP, Xue QY, Yang JH, Xu Q, Liu HX, Guo JH 2012. Screening Potential Bacterial Biocontrol Agents towards Phytophthora capsici in Pepper. European Journal of Plant Pathology 134(4): 811-820.
- Yılmaz S 2008. Domates Bitkilerinde Sorun Toprak Kökenli Bazı Fungal Hastalık Etmenleri ile Mücadelede Kök Bakterilerinin Kullanılma Potansiyellerinin Belirlenmesi. MKÜ Fen Bilimleri Enst, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 61 s.
- Yoshida S, Hiradate S, Tsukamato T, Hatakeda K, Shirata A 2001. Antimicrobial Activity of Culture Filtrate Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RC-2 Isolated from Mulberry Leaves. Phytopathology 91: 181-187.
- Yücel S 1994. Akdeniz Bölgesi Örtü Alti Sebze Alanlarinda Görülen Fungal Hastalıklar. Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 34: 23-34.
Determinations of in vitro Antagonistic Effects of Microbiomes Isolated from Vermicompost Against Major Plant Fungal Disease Agents of Vegetables
Öz
In this study, in vitro antagonistic
potentials of bacterial microbiomes, obtained from earthworm fertiliser,
vermicompost, were investigated on inhibitions of mycelial growth of major
foliar and soilborne fungal disease agents Sclerotinia
sclerotiorum, Macrophomina phaseolina, Botrytis cinerea, Verticilium dahliae. Total
of 69 putative bacterial biocontrol agent (BCA) isolates were obtained from
commercial vermicompost lots. Among them, 28 bacterial isolates (49.12% of
total isolates) were inhibited mycelial growth of S. sclerotiorum by 1.72-75.43%, M.
phaseolina by 1.67-65.83%, B. cinerea
by 3.44-57.18%, V dahliae by 2.28-58.74%, respectively. Majorities
of bacterial isolates were identified as Bacillus
spp. Certain isolates of Bacillus spp. have caused noticeable
morphological changes on mycelia of S.
sclerotiorum. Antagonistic potentials of bacterial isolates were found to
increase by pre-incubation time prior the fungal inoculation. Due to high
antagonistic properties, efficient isolates of Bacillus spp. may be used as
biocontrol agent against soilborne diseases as an alternative to pesticides to
promote organic and sustainable agriculture.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Proje Numarası
Proje Numarası: BAP-189
Kaynakça
- Ahmad F, Babalola OO, Tak HI 2012. Potential of MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry as a Rapid Detection Technique in Plant Pathology: Identification of Plant-Associated Microorganisms. Anal Bioanal Chem 404: 1247–1255.
- Aktan ZC 2018. Badem Ağaçlarında Sorun Olan Toprak Kökenli Fungal Hastalık Etmenlerine Karşı Antagonist ve Bitki Gelişimini Teşvik Eden Bakterilerin in vitro Etkinliklerinin Belirlenmesi. Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniv Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bitki Koruma Ana Bilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 102 sy.
- Anonim 2018. TUİK Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri. https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=92&locale=tr (Erişim tarihi 02.08.2019)
- Arancon NQ, Edwards CA, Atiyeh R, Metzger JD 2004a. Effects of Vermicomposts Produced from Food Waste on the Growth and Yields of Greenhouse Peppers. Bioresour Technol 93: 139–144.
- Araujo FF, Henning AA, Hungria M 2005. Phytohormones and Antibiotics Produced by Bacillus subtilis and Their Effects on Seed Pathogenic Fungi and on Soybean Root Development. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 21(8-9): 1639-1645.
- Atiyeh RM, Subler S, Edwards CA, Bachman G, Metzger JD, Shuster W 2000. Effects of Vermicomposts and Composts on Plant Growth in Horticultural Container Media and Soil. Pedobiologia 44: 579–590.
- Barocio-Ceja NB, Ceja-Torres LF, Morales-Garcia JL, Silva-Rojas HV, Flores-Magallon R, Ochoa-Estrada S 2013. In vitro Biocontrol of Tomato Pathogens Using Antagonists Isolated from Chicken-Manure Vermicompost. Phyton-Internatıonal Journal of Experımental Botany 82: 15-22.
- Boehm MJ, Madden LV, Hoitink HAJ 1993. Effect of Organic Matter Decomposition Level on Bacterial Species Diversity and Composition in Relationship to Pythium Damping–Off Severity. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 59: 4171-4179.
- Cavigelli MA, Thien SJ, 2003. Phosphorus Bioavailability Following Incorporation of Green Manure Crops. Soil Science Society American Journal 67: 1186-1194.
- Chaiharn M, Chunhaleuchanon S, Kozo A, Lumyong S 2008. Screening of Rhizobacteria for Their Plant Growth Promoting Activities. KMITL Science and Technology Journal 8(1): 18-23.
- Chung SH, Kong HS, Buyer JS, Lakshman DK, Lydon J, Kim SD, Roberts DP 2008. Isolation and Partial Characterization of Bacillus subtilis ME488 for Suppression of Soil Borne Pathogens of Cucumber and Pepper. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 80: 115–123.
- Conklin AE, Erich MS, Liebman M, Lambert D, Gallandt ER, Halteman WA 2002. Effects of Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) Green Manure and Compost Soil Amendments on Wild Mustard (Brassica kaber) Growth and Incidence of Disease. Plant and Soil 238: 245-256.
- Devi OG, Dutta BK, Das AK 2013. In vitro Solubilization of Rock Phosphate and Biocontrol of Tea Pathogens by Microorganisms Isolated from Vermicompost. Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 7: 759-765.
- Edwards CA, Arancon NQ 2004. Interactions among Organic Matter Earthworms and Microorganisms in Promoting Plant Growth. In: Functions and Management of Organic Matter in Agro ecosystems. C.A. Edwards (Editor in Chief), F. Magdoff, R. Weil (Eds.) Crc Press, Boca Raton, pp. 327- 376.
- Emmert EAB, Handelsman J, 1999. Biocontrol of Plant Disease: A (Gram -) Positive Perspective. FEMS Microbiological Letters 171: 1-9.
- Gamliel A, Stapleton JJ 1993. Effect of Chicken Compost or Ammonium Phosphate and Solarization on Pathogen Control, Rhizosphere Microorganisms and Lettuce Growth. Plant Disease 77: 886-891.
- Gamliel A, Stapleton JJ, 2012. Combining Soil Solarization with Organic Amendments. In: Gamliel A., Katan J. (eds). Soil Solarization: Theory and Practice, pp. 109-120. APS Press, USA.
- Gupta CP, Kumar B, Dubey RC, Maheshwari DK 2006. Chitinase Mediated Destructive Antagonistic Potential of Pseudomonas aeruginosa GRC1 against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Causing Stem Rot of Peanut. BioControl 51: 821–835.
- Hadar Y 1991. Control of Soil-Borne Diseases Using Suppressive Compost in Container Media. Phytoparasitica 19: 167.
- Huang CJ, Chen CY 2004. Gene Cloning and Biochemical Characterization of Chitinase CH from Bacillus cereus 28-9. Annals of Microbiology 54(3): 289-297.
- Hoitink HJ, Harry AJ, Zhang W 1997. Making Compost to Suppress Plant Disease. BioCycle 38(4): 40.
- Jadhav HP, Shaikh SS, Sayyed RZ 2017. Role of Hydrolytic Enzymes of Rhizoflora in Biocontrol of Fungal Phytopathogens: An Overview: In: Rhizotrophs: Plant Growth Promotion to Bioremediation (pp. 183-203). Springer, Singapur.
- Kale RD, Mallesh BC, Bano K, Bagyaraj DJ 1992. Infuence of Vermicompost Application on the Available Macronutrients and Selected Microbial Populations in a Paddy Fields. Soil Biol Biochem 24: 1317-1320.
- Katan J 1999. The Methyl Bromide Issue: Problems and Potential Solutions. Journal of Plant Pathology 81: 153-159.
- Katan J, Shtienberg D, Gamliel A 2012. The Integrated Management Concept in the Context of Soilborne Pathogens and Soil Disinfestation. In: Gamliel A., Katan J. (eds). Soil Solarization: Theory and Practice, pp. 91-97. APS Press, USA.
- Katan J 2017. Diseases Caused by Soilborne Pathogens: Biology, Management and Challenges. Journal of Plant Pathology 99(2): 305-315.
- Kiran ÖF, Ertunç F 1998. Detection of the Diseases of Solanaceous Plants in Van Province. Journal of Turkish Phytopathology 27: 105-111.
- Koivunen EE, Tully KL, Swett CL 2018. Co-Managing Soil and Plant Pathogens: Effects of Organic Amendments on Soil Fertility and Fungal Pathogen Survival. Plant Soil 432: 171–189.
- Kumar P, Dubey RC, Maheshwari DK 2012. Bacillus Strains Isolated from Rhizosphere Showed Plant Growth Promoting and Antagonistic Activity against Phytopathogens. Microbiological Research 167: 493–499.
- Landa BB, Hervás A, Bettiol W, Jimenes-Dias RM 1997. Antagonist Activity of Bacteria from the Chickpea Rhizosphere against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris. Phytoparasitica 25: 305-318.
- Larkin, RP, Hopkins AD, Martin FN 1996. Suppression of Fusarium Wilt of Watermelon by Nonpathogenic Fusarium oxysporum and Other Microorganisms Recovered from A Disease-Suppressive Soil. Phytopathology 86: 812-819.
- Lelliott RA, Stead DE 1987. Methods for the Diagnosis of Bacterial Disease of Plants. (T. F. PREECE, Editör). In: Methods in Plant Pathology, Blackwell Scientific Publications, 2: 176-177, Oxford.
- Litterick AM, Harrier L, Wallace P, Watson CA, Wood M 2004. The Role of Uncomposted Materials, Composts, Manures and Compost Extracts in Reducing Pest and Disease Incidence and Severity in Sustainable Temperate Agricultural and Horticultural Crop Production: A Review. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 23: 453-479.
- Magid J, Henriksen O, Thorup-Kristensen K, Mueller T 2001. Disproportionately High N-Mineralisation Rates from Green Manures at Low Temperatures Implications for Modelling and Management in Cool Temperate Agro-Ecosystems. Plant and Soil 228: 73-82.
- Malcolm GM, Kuldau GA, Gugino BK, Jimenez-Gasco M 2013. Hidden Host Plant Associations of Soilborne Fungal Pathogens: An Ecological Perspective. Phytopathology 103: 538-544.
- Martin FN 2003. Development of Alternative Strategies for Management of Soilborne Pathogens Currently Controlled with Methyl Bromide. Annual Review of Phytopathology 41: 325-350.
- McDonald BA, Linde C 2002. Pathogen Population Genetics, Evolutionary Potential and Durable Resistance. Annual Review of Phytopathology 40: 349-379.
- Mihail JD 1992. Macrophomina. In: Singleton LL, Mihail JD, Rush CM (eds), Methods for Research on Soilborne Phytopathogenic Fungi. APS Press, Minnesota, pp 134-136.
- Nelson PE 1981. Life Cycle and Epidemiology of Fusarium oxysporum. In: Mace EM, Bell AA, Beckman CH (eds) Fungal Wilt Diseases of Plants. pp 51-80.
- Noble R, Coventry E 2005. Suppression of Soil-Borne Plant Diseases with Composts: A Review. Biocontrol Science and Technology 15: 3-20.
- Pandya U, Prakash S, Shende K, Dhuldhaj U, Saraf M 2017. Multifarious Allelochemicals Exhibiting Antifungal Activity from Bacillus subtilis MBCU5. 3 Biotech 7: 175.
- Pavlovic M, Konrad R, Iwobi AN, Sing A, Busch U, Huber I 2012. A Dual Approach Employing MALDI-TOF MS and Real-Time PCR for Fast Species Identification within the Enterobacter cloacae Complex. FEMS Microbiology Letters 328: 46-53.
- Punja ZK, Rahe JE 1992. Sclerotium. In: Singleton LL, Mihail JD, Rush CM (eds), Methods for Research on Soilborne Phytopathogenic Fungi. APS Press, Minnesota, pp 166-170.
- Riggle D 1998. Vermicomposting Research and Education. Biocycle 54-56.
- Sasser M 1990. Identification of Bacteria through Fatty Acid Analyses. (Z Klement, K Rudolph, DC Sands, Editor). In: Methods in Phytobacteriology. Academia Kiado, Budapest, pp. 199– 204, Hungary.
- Senthilkumar M, Swarnlakshmi K, Govindasamy V, Lee YK, Annapurna K 2009. Biocontrol Potential of Soybean Bacterial Endophytes against Charcoal Rot Fungus Rhizoctonia bataticola. Current Microbiology 58: 288-293.
- Singh N, Pandey P, Dubey RC, Maheshwari DK 2008. Biological Control of Root Rot Fungus Macrophomina phaseolina and Growth Enhancement of Pinus roxburghii (Sarg.) by Rhizosphere Competent Bacillus subtilis BN1. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 24: 1669-1679.
- Sneh B, Jabaji-Hare S, Neate SM, Dijst G 1997. Rhizoctonia Species: Taxonomy, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Pathology and Disease Control. Kluwer, London.
- Soylu S, Kurt Ş 2001. Occurrence and Distribution of Fungal Diseases on Greenhouse Grown Pepper Plants in Hatay Province. International XIth Eucarpia Meeting on Genetics and Breeding of Capsicum & Eggplant, pp 315-319 Antalya-Turkey.
- Soylu S, Soylu EM, Kurt Ş, Ekici ÖK 2005. Antagonistic Potentials of Rhizosphere-Associated Bacterial Isolates against Soil-Borne Diseases of Tomato and Pepper Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Rhizoctonia solani. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 8: 43-48.
- Soylu EM, Kurt Ş, Soylu S 2010. In vitro and in vivo Antifungal Activities of the Essential Oils of Various Plants against Tomato Grey Mould Disease Agent Botrytis cinerea. International Journal of Food Microbiology 143: 183-189.
- Sönmez E 2018. Fasulyede (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Sorun Olan Toprak Kökenli Fungal Hastalık Etmenlerine Karşı Karıştırmalı Yığın Kompostlamasından Elde Edilen Bakterilerin in vitro Koşullarda Antagonistik Potansiyellerinin Araştırılması. Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bitki Koruma Ana Bilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 67 sayfa.
- Szczech M, Rondomanâ Ski W, Brzeski MW, Smolinâ Ska U, Kotowski JF 1993. Suppressive Effect of a Commercial Earthworm Compost on Some Root Infecting Pathogens of Cabbage and Tomato. Biol Agric Hortic 10: 47-52.
- Szczech MM 1999. Suppresiveness of Vermicompost against Fusarium Wilt of Tomato. J of Phytopathology 147-155.
- Şimşek-Erşahin Y 2007. Vermikest ve Vermikest Hümik Fraksiyonlarının Hıyar (Cucumis sativus L.) Kök ve Gövde Çürüklük Etmenleri Rhizoctonia solani (Kühn) ve Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerum Üzerindeki Baskılama Etkisinin Belirlenmesi. GOP Üniversitesi Fen Bil Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, Tokat.
- Xiao L, Xie CC, Cai J, Lin ZJ, Cheun YH 2009. Identification and Characterization of A Chitinase Producing Bacillus Showing Significant Antifungal Activity. Current Microbiology 58(5): 528.
- Tekin Ş, Soylu EM, Soylu S 2004. Rizosfer Bölgesi Topraklardan İzole Edilen Bakteri İzolatlarının Biberlerde Toprak Kökenli Fungal Hastalık Etmenlerine Karşı Antagonist Potansiyellerin Belirlenmesi. Türkiye 1. Bitki Koruma Kongresi, 8-10 Eylül Samsun, sayfa 57.
- Yang MM, Xu LP, Xue QY, Yang JH, Xu Q, Liu HX, Guo JH 2012. Screening Potential Bacterial Biocontrol Agents towards Phytophthora capsici in Pepper. European Journal of Plant Pathology 134(4): 811-820.
- Yılmaz S 2008. Domates Bitkilerinde Sorun Toprak Kökenli Bazı Fungal Hastalık Etmenleri ile Mücadelede Kök Bakterilerinin Kullanılma Potansiyellerinin Belirlenmesi. MKÜ Fen Bilimleri Enst, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 61 s.
- Yoshida S, Hiradate S, Tsukamato T, Hatakeda K, Shirata A 2001. Antimicrobial Activity of Culture Filtrate Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RC-2 Isolated from Mulberry Leaves. Phytopathology 91: 181-187.
- Yücel S 1994. Akdeniz Bölgesi Örtü Alti Sebze Alanlarinda Görülen Fungal Hastalıklar. Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 34: 23-34.
Toplam 61 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Ziraat, Veterinerlik ve Gıda Bilimleri |
| Bölüm | ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ (Research Article) |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | Proje Numarası: BAP-189 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 28 Şubat 2020 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 5 Ağustos 2019 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 7 Kasım 2019 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2020 |
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2022-JIF = 0.500
2022-JCI = 0.170
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