Investigation of Total Fatty Acid Compositions in The Muscle Tissues of The Two Freshwater Fish Species Living in The Big Menderes River (Aydın)
Öz
In this study, it was aimed to characterize the fatty acid compositions in the muscle tissue of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (rudd) and Anguilla anguilla (eel) freshwater fish species which were caught in Büyük Menderes River (Aydın) and to determine the ω3/ω6 fatty acid ratios. Fatty acid methyl esters obtained from muscle tissue samples of fish were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). The most abundantly found saturated fatty acid types were determined as stearic acid C18:0; (24.554%±0.249) in the S. erythrophthalmus and palmitic acid C16:0 (19.49%±0.643) in the A. anguilla species. As for monounsaturated fatty acids in both fish species, those with the highest percentages were determined as oleic acid C18:1 ω9 (18.03%±0.520 in S. erythrophthalmus; 33.44%±0.336 in A. anguilla) and palmitoleic acid C16:1 ω7 (9.916%±0.484 in S. erythrophthalmus; A. anguilla 10.96%±0.753). Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) C20:5 ω3 and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) C22:6 ω3 values were analyzed for S. erythrophthalmus and A. anguilla species and it was determined at the rates of 5.68%±0.406, 3.72%±0.242, 3.87%±0.505 and 9.24%±0.583, respectively (p<0.05). The ratio of ω3/ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in muscle tissue was 1.48 for the S. erythrophthalmus and 2.29 for A. Anguilla (p<0.05). In this study, A. anguilla was determined to be richer in terms of total amount of EPA and DHA from ω-3 PUFA family which play an important role in human nutrition. The finding that ω3/ω6 ratios were greater than 1 showed that both freshwater fish were good sources of ω3 fatty acids. It is concluded that these fish species living in The Büyük Menderes River are suitable for nutrition of the people of the region and studies should be increased in order to consume more efficiently.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Anguilla Anguilla The Big Menderes River Scardinius erythrophthalmus Fatty acid composition ω3/ω6 ratio
Kaynakça
- Ackman RG 1967. Characteristics of The Fatty Acid Composition and Biochemistry of Some Freshwater Fish Oils and Lipids in Comparison With Marine Oils and Lipids. Comparative Biochemistry Physiology, 22 (3): 907–922.
- Ackman RG 1999. Comparison of Lipids in Marine and Freshwater Organisms. (In Lipids in Freshwater Ecosystems, New York: Springer-Verlag: Ed. Arts MT, Wainman BC) 263-298.
- Ackman RG 2002. Freshwater Fish Lipids an Overlooked Source of Beneficial Long Chain n-3 Fatty Acids. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 104 (5): 253-254.
- Algan B 2009. Kemer Baraj Gölü’ndeki (AYDIN) Yılan (Anguilla Anguilla L.1758) ve Yayın Balığı (Silurus Glanis L.1758)’nın Toplam Yağ Asidi Bileşenlerinin Mevsimsel Değişimi. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 74 sy.
- Altair BM, Jesui VV, Nilson ES, Makoto M 2001. Fatty Acids Profile and Cholesterol Contents of Three Brazilian Brycon Freshwater Fishes. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 14 (6): 565-574.
- Bağcı E, Can E 2015. Tatlı Su Balıklarında Yağ Asitleri, Kolesterol ve Yağda Eriyen Vitaminler. Bilim ve Gençlik Dergisi, 3 (1): 2148-0273.
- Bulut S, Mert R 2014. Determination of The Fatty Acid Composition in Muscle Tissue of Squalius Cephalus (L., 1758) Living Serban Dam Lake (Afyonkarahisar). Erciyes University Journal of The Institute of Science and Technology, 30(2):80-85.
- Cakmak YS, Zengin G, Guler GO, Aktumsek A, Ozparlak H 2012. Fatty Acid Composition and ω3/ω6 Ratios of Muscle Lipids of Six Fish Species in Sugla Lake, Turkey. Archives of Biological Sciences, 64(2):471-477.
- Cengiz EI, Ünlü E, Başhan M 2010. Fatty Acid Composition of Total Lipids in Muscle Tissues of Nine Freshwater Fish from The River Tigris (Turkey). Turkish Journal of Biology, 34: 433-438.
- Citil OB, Kalyoncu L, Kahraman O 2014. Fatty Acid Composition of The Muscle Lipids of Five Fish Species in Işıklı and Karacaören Dam Lake, Turkey. Veterinary Medicine International, Artical ID 936091.
- Çaklı Ş 2007. Su Ürünleri İşleme Teknolojisi. Ege Üniversitesi Yayınları, İzmir, 696 sy.
- Darlington LG 1988. Do Diets Rich in Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Affect Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis? Annals of The Rheumatic Diseases, 47: 169–172.
- Dunbar BS, Bosire RV, Deckelbaum RJ 2014. Omega 3 and Omega 6 Fatty Acids in Human and Animal Health: An African Perspective. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, 398: 69-77.
- Edwards R, Peet M, Shay J, Horrobin D 1998. Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels in The Diet and in Red Blood Cell Membranes of Depressed Patients. Journal of Affective Disorders, 48: 149–155.
- Folch J, Lees M, Sloane Stanley GH 1957. A Simple Method for The Isolation and Purification of Total Lipids from Animal Tissues. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 226: 497-509.
- Ghazali N, Boussoufa D, Navarro JC, Cafsi ME 2013. Lipid and Fatty Acid Variations in Muscle Tissues of The ‘Yellow’ Stage of The European Eel (Anguilla anguilla) during Short-term Adaptation to Freshwater and Seawater under Food Deprivation. Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology, 45 (6): 385-395.
- Guil-Guerrero JL, Venegas-Venegas E, Rincon-Cervera MA 2011. Fatty Acid Profiles of Livers from Selected Marine Fish Species. Journal of Food Composition Analysis, 24: 217-222.
- Harlıoğlu AG 2011. Balık Artıklarının Balık Yemlerinde Kullanılan Yağların Elde Edilmesinde Kullanımı. Eğirdir Su Ürünleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(2): 56-63.
- Henderson RJ, Tocher DR 1987. The Lipid Composition and Biochemistry of Freshwater Fish. Progress in Lipid Research, 26: 281-347.
- Innis SM 1991. Essential Fatty Acids in Growth and Development. Progress in Lipid Research, 30: 39-103. James MJ, Cleland LG 1996. Dietary Polyunsaturated Fats and Inflammation. Proceedings of The Nutrition Society of Australia, 20: 71-77.
- Jump DB 2002. The Biochemistry of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 277: 8755-8758.
- Kalyoncu L, Abuoğlu Z 2017. Seasonal Differences in The Muscle Fatty Acid Profiles of Two Freshwater Fish Species (Scardinius erythrophthalmus, Squalius cephalus). Biological Diversity and Conservation, 10(1): 104-109.
- Kamler E, Wolnicki J, Kamiński R, Sikorska J 2008. Fatty Acid Composition, Growth and Morphological Deformities in Juvenile cyprinid, Scardinius erythrophthalmus Fed Formulated Diet Supplemented with Natural Food. Aquaculture, 278: 69-76.
- Kandemir Ş, Polat N 2007. Seasonal Variation of Total Lipid and Total Fatty Acid in Muscle and Liver of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss W., 1792) Reared in Derbent Dam Lake. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 7: 27-31.
- Kinsella JE, Lokesh B, Stone RA 1990. Dietary n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Amelioration of Cardiovascular Disease: Possible Mechanisms. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 52: 1–28.
- Lee KW, Lip GYH 2003. The Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease. Quarterly Journal of Medicine, 96: 465-480.
- Łuczyńska J, Paszczyk B, Łuczyński MJ 2014. Fatty Acid Profiles in Marine and Freshwater Fish from Fish Markets in Northeastern Poland. Archives of Polish Fisheries, 22: 181-188.
- McManus RM, Jumpson J, Finegood DT, Clandinin MT, Ryan EA 1996. A Comparison of The Effects of n-3 Fatty Acids from Linseed Oil and Fish Oil in Well-controlled type II Diabetes. Diabetes Care, 19 (5): 463-467.
- Mısır GB, Kutlu S, Çibuk S 2013. Determination of Total Lipid and Fatty Acid Composition of Pearl Mullet (Chalcalburnus tarichi, Pallas 1811). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciencies, 13: 777-783.
- Osman H, Suriah AR, Law EC 2001. Fatty Acid Composition and Cholesterol Content of Selected Marine Fish in Malaysian waters. Food Chemistry, 73 (1): 55-60.
- Ozogul Y, Ozogul F, Alagoz S 2007. Fatty Acid Profiles and Fat Contents of Commercially Important Seawater and Freshwater Fish Species of Turkey: A Comparative Study. Food Chemistry, 103 (1): 217-223.
- Özparlak H 2013. Effect of Seasons on Fatty Acid Composition and n-3/n-6 Ratios of Muscle Lipids of Some Fish Species in Apa Dam Lake, Turkey. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 45 (4): 1027-1033.
- Özyılmaz A, Palalı B 2014. Atatürk Baraj Gölü’nde Avlanan Bazı Balıkların Et Verimleri, Yağ Seviyeleri ve Yağ Asitleri Bileşenleri, Yunus Araştırma Bülteni, 3: 29-36.
- Sargent JR, Bell JG, Bell MV, Henderson RJ, Tocher DR 1995. Requirements Criteria for Essential Fatty Acids. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 11: 183–198.
- Simopoulos AP 1991. Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Health and Disease and in Growth and Development. American Journal Clinical Nutrition, 54: 463-483.
- Simopoulos AP 2002. The Importance of The Ratio of omega-6/omega-3 Essential Fatty Acids. Biomedicine&pharmacotherapy, 56: 365-379.
- Varljen J, Sulic S, Brmalj J, Baticic L, Obersnel V, Kapovic M 2003. Lipid Classes and Fatty Acid Composition of Diplodus vulgaris and Conger conger Originating from the Adriatic Sea. Food Technology and Biotechnology, 41 (2): 49-156.
- Vlieg P, Body DB 1988. Lipid Contents and Fatty Acid Composition of Some New Zealand Freshwater Finfish and Marine Finfish, Shellfish and Roes. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 22: 151-162.
Büyük Menderes Nehri’nde (Aydın) Yaşayan İki Tatlı Su Balığı Türünün Kas Dokularındaki Total Yağ Asidi Kompozisyonunun Araştırılması
Öz
Bu çalışmada Büyük Menderes Nehri’nde (Aydın) yakalanan Scardinius erythrophthalmus (kızılkanat) ve Anguilla anguilla (yılan balığı) tatlı su balığı türlerinin kas dokusundaki yağ asidi bileşimlerinin karakterize edilmesi ve ω3/ω6 yağ asidi oranlarının belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Balıkların kas doku örneklerinden elde edilen yağ asidi metil esterleri gaz kromatografisi (GC) ile analiz edildi. En bol bulunan doymuş yağ asitleri S. erythrophthalmus türünde stearik asit C18:0 (%24.554±0.249); A. anguilla türünde ise palmitik asit C16:0 (%19.49±0.643) olarak tespit edildi. Her iki balık türündeki tekli doymamış yağ asitleri için ise en büyük yüzdeye sahip olanlar oleik asit C18:1 ω9 (S. erythrophthalmus türünde %18.03±0.520; A. anguilla türünde %33.44±0.336) ve palmitoleik asit C16:1 ω7 (S. erythrophthalmus türünde %9.916±0.484; A. anguilla türünde %10.96±0.753) olarak belirlendi. Eikosapentaenoik asit (EPA) C20:5 ω3 ve dokosaheksaenoik asit (DHA) C22:6 ω3 değerleri S. erythrophthalmus ve A. anguilla türleri için analiz edildi ve sırasıyla %5.68±0.406; %3.72±0.242 ve %3.87±0.505; %9.24±0.583 oranlarında tayin edildi (p<0.05). ω3/ω6 çoklu doymamış yağ asitleri oranı S. erythrophthalmus türünde 1.48; A. anguilla türünde ise 2.29 olarak belirlendi (p<0.05). Bu çalışmada insan beslenmesinde önemli rol oynayan ω-3 PUFA ailesinden EPA ve DHA’nın toplam miktarı yönünden A. anguilla ‘nın daha zengin olduğu tespit edildi. ω3/ω6 oranlarının 1’den yüksek olduğu bulgusu her iki tatlı su balığının ω-3 yağ asitlerinin iyi bir kaynağı olduğunu gösterdi. Büyük Menderes Nehri’nde yaşayan bu balık türlerinin bölge halkının beslenmesine uygun olduğu ve daha verimli tüketilmesi adına çalışmaların arttırılması gerektiği sonucuna varıldı.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Yağ asitleri ω3/ω6 oranı Aydın Büyük Menderes Nehri Tatlı su balığı Scardinius erythrophthalmus
Kaynakça
- Ackman RG 1967. Characteristics of The Fatty Acid Composition and Biochemistry of Some Freshwater Fish Oils and Lipids in Comparison With Marine Oils and Lipids. Comparative Biochemistry Physiology, 22 (3): 907–922.
- Ackman RG 1999. Comparison of Lipids in Marine and Freshwater Organisms. (In Lipids in Freshwater Ecosystems, New York: Springer-Verlag: Ed. Arts MT, Wainman BC) 263-298.
- Ackman RG 2002. Freshwater Fish Lipids an Overlooked Source of Beneficial Long Chain n-3 Fatty Acids. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 104 (5): 253-254.
- Algan B 2009. Kemer Baraj Gölü’ndeki (AYDIN) Yılan (Anguilla Anguilla L.1758) ve Yayın Balığı (Silurus Glanis L.1758)’nın Toplam Yağ Asidi Bileşenlerinin Mevsimsel Değişimi. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 74 sy.
- Altair BM, Jesui VV, Nilson ES, Makoto M 2001. Fatty Acids Profile and Cholesterol Contents of Three Brazilian Brycon Freshwater Fishes. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 14 (6): 565-574.
- Bağcı E, Can E 2015. Tatlı Su Balıklarında Yağ Asitleri, Kolesterol ve Yağda Eriyen Vitaminler. Bilim ve Gençlik Dergisi, 3 (1): 2148-0273.
- Bulut S, Mert R 2014. Determination of The Fatty Acid Composition in Muscle Tissue of Squalius Cephalus (L., 1758) Living Serban Dam Lake (Afyonkarahisar). Erciyes University Journal of The Institute of Science and Technology, 30(2):80-85.
- Cakmak YS, Zengin G, Guler GO, Aktumsek A, Ozparlak H 2012. Fatty Acid Composition and ω3/ω6 Ratios of Muscle Lipids of Six Fish Species in Sugla Lake, Turkey. Archives of Biological Sciences, 64(2):471-477.
- Cengiz EI, Ünlü E, Başhan M 2010. Fatty Acid Composition of Total Lipids in Muscle Tissues of Nine Freshwater Fish from The River Tigris (Turkey). Turkish Journal of Biology, 34: 433-438.
- Citil OB, Kalyoncu L, Kahraman O 2014. Fatty Acid Composition of The Muscle Lipids of Five Fish Species in Işıklı and Karacaören Dam Lake, Turkey. Veterinary Medicine International, Artical ID 936091.
- Çaklı Ş 2007. Su Ürünleri İşleme Teknolojisi. Ege Üniversitesi Yayınları, İzmir, 696 sy.
- Darlington LG 1988. Do Diets Rich in Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Affect Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis? Annals of The Rheumatic Diseases, 47: 169–172.
- Dunbar BS, Bosire RV, Deckelbaum RJ 2014. Omega 3 and Omega 6 Fatty Acids in Human and Animal Health: An African Perspective. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, 398: 69-77.
- Edwards R, Peet M, Shay J, Horrobin D 1998. Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels in The Diet and in Red Blood Cell Membranes of Depressed Patients. Journal of Affective Disorders, 48: 149–155.
- Folch J, Lees M, Sloane Stanley GH 1957. A Simple Method for The Isolation and Purification of Total Lipids from Animal Tissues. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 226: 497-509.
- Ghazali N, Boussoufa D, Navarro JC, Cafsi ME 2013. Lipid and Fatty Acid Variations in Muscle Tissues of The ‘Yellow’ Stage of The European Eel (Anguilla anguilla) during Short-term Adaptation to Freshwater and Seawater under Food Deprivation. Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology, 45 (6): 385-395.
- Guil-Guerrero JL, Venegas-Venegas E, Rincon-Cervera MA 2011. Fatty Acid Profiles of Livers from Selected Marine Fish Species. Journal of Food Composition Analysis, 24: 217-222.
- Harlıoğlu AG 2011. Balık Artıklarının Balık Yemlerinde Kullanılan Yağların Elde Edilmesinde Kullanımı. Eğirdir Su Ürünleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(2): 56-63.
- Henderson RJ, Tocher DR 1987. The Lipid Composition and Biochemistry of Freshwater Fish. Progress in Lipid Research, 26: 281-347.
- Innis SM 1991. Essential Fatty Acids in Growth and Development. Progress in Lipid Research, 30: 39-103. James MJ, Cleland LG 1996. Dietary Polyunsaturated Fats and Inflammation. Proceedings of The Nutrition Society of Australia, 20: 71-77.
- Jump DB 2002. The Biochemistry of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 277: 8755-8758.
- Kalyoncu L, Abuoğlu Z 2017. Seasonal Differences in The Muscle Fatty Acid Profiles of Two Freshwater Fish Species (Scardinius erythrophthalmus, Squalius cephalus). Biological Diversity and Conservation, 10(1): 104-109.
- Kamler E, Wolnicki J, Kamiński R, Sikorska J 2008. Fatty Acid Composition, Growth and Morphological Deformities in Juvenile cyprinid, Scardinius erythrophthalmus Fed Formulated Diet Supplemented with Natural Food. Aquaculture, 278: 69-76.
- Kandemir Ş, Polat N 2007. Seasonal Variation of Total Lipid and Total Fatty Acid in Muscle and Liver of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss W., 1792) Reared in Derbent Dam Lake. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 7: 27-31.
- Kinsella JE, Lokesh B, Stone RA 1990. Dietary n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Amelioration of Cardiovascular Disease: Possible Mechanisms. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 52: 1–28.
- Lee KW, Lip GYH 2003. The Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease. Quarterly Journal of Medicine, 96: 465-480.
- Łuczyńska J, Paszczyk B, Łuczyński MJ 2014. Fatty Acid Profiles in Marine and Freshwater Fish from Fish Markets in Northeastern Poland. Archives of Polish Fisheries, 22: 181-188.
- McManus RM, Jumpson J, Finegood DT, Clandinin MT, Ryan EA 1996. A Comparison of The Effects of n-3 Fatty Acids from Linseed Oil and Fish Oil in Well-controlled type II Diabetes. Diabetes Care, 19 (5): 463-467.
- Mısır GB, Kutlu S, Çibuk S 2013. Determination of Total Lipid and Fatty Acid Composition of Pearl Mullet (Chalcalburnus tarichi, Pallas 1811). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciencies, 13: 777-783.
- Osman H, Suriah AR, Law EC 2001. Fatty Acid Composition and Cholesterol Content of Selected Marine Fish in Malaysian waters. Food Chemistry, 73 (1): 55-60.
- Ozogul Y, Ozogul F, Alagoz S 2007. Fatty Acid Profiles and Fat Contents of Commercially Important Seawater and Freshwater Fish Species of Turkey: A Comparative Study. Food Chemistry, 103 (1): 217-223.
- Özparlak H 2013. Effect of Seasons on Fatty Acid Composition and n-3/n-6 Ratios of Muscle Lipids of Some Fish Species in Apa Dam Lake, Turkey. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 45 (4): 1027-1033.
- Özyılmaz A, Palalı B 2014. Atatürk Baraj Gölü’nde Avlanan Bazı Balıkların Et Verimleri, Yağ Seviyeleri ve Yağ Asitleri Bileşenleri, Yunus Araştırma Bülteni, 3: 29-36.
- Sargent JR, Bell JG, Bell MV, Henderson RJ, Tocher DR 1995. Requirements Criteria for Essential Fatty Acids. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 11: 183–198.
- Simopoulos AP 1991. Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Health and Disease and in Growth and Development. American Journal Clinical Nutrition, 54: 463-483.
- Simopoulos AP 2002. The Importance of The Ratio of omega-6/omega-3 Essential Fatty Acids. Biomedicine&pharmacotherapy, 56: 365-379.
- Varljen J, Sulic S, Brmalj J, Baticic L, Obersnel V, Kapovic M 2003. Lipid Classes and Fatty Acid Composition of Diplodus vulgaris and Conger conger Originating from the Adriatic Sea. Food Technology and Biotechnology, 41 (2): 49-156.
- Vlieg P, Body DB 1988. Lipid Contents and Fatty Acid Composition of Some New Zealand Freshwater Finfish and Marine Finfish, Shellfish and Roes. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 22: 151-162.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ (Research Article) |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Nisan 2021 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 20 Nisan 2020 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 27 Temmuz 2020 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2021 |
Kaynak Göster
Cited By
Proximate analysis and fatty acid profile of muscle tissues in different body parts of crimean barbel (Barbus tauricus Kessler, 1877)
Revista Científica de la Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias
https://doi.org/10.52973/rcfcv-e33287
Divergences of Biochemical Features of Three Reared Trouts; Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis, Mitchill 1814), Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1972), and Black Sea Trout (Salmo trutta labrax Pallas 1811)
Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1038290
2022-JIF = 0.500
2022-JCI = 0.170
Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi (International
Peer Reviewed Journal)
Dergimiz, herhangi bir başvuru veya yayımlama ücreti almamaktadır. (Free submission and publication)
Yılda 6 sayı yayınlanır. (Published 6 times a year)
Bu web sitesi Creative Commons Atıf 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.