Seralarda Bir Günlük Toplam Sıcaklığa Göre Yapılan Dinamik Kontrol Stratejisine Bağlı Enerji Tasarrufunun Belirlenmesi
Öz
Seralarda enerji tasarrufu amacıyla son yıllarda uygulanan dinamik kontrol stratejilerinden bir tanesi, sıcaklık toplamına göre yapılan denetimidir. Bu yöntem, belirli bir üretim hedefine ulaşmak için sabit gece/gündüz sıcaklığı yerine belirli bir sıcaklık toplamının yeterli olduğu esasına dayanır. Serada gece saatlerinde sıcaklığın düşürülmesi önemli derecede ısı enerjisi tasarrufu sağlar. Belirtilen nedenle gece saatlerinde sıcaklığın alt kritik sınıra çekilmesi ve günlük toplam sıcaklıkta eksik kalan sıcaklığın gündüz saatlerinde havalandırma ayar sıcaklığının yükseltilerek telafi edilmesi, son yıllarda enerji tasarrufu amacıyla seralarda kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Yapılan çalışmada seracılığın yaygın olarak yapıldığı Antalya ve son yıllarda jeotermal seracılığın yaygınlaştığı Afyonkarahisar illerinin uzun yıllık iklim değerleri kullanılarak, sabit sıcaklık (statik strateji) ve bir günlük sıcaklık toplamına göre (dinamik strateji) yapılan sıcaklık denetiminde sağlanan ısı tasarrufu belirlenmiştir. Yapılan hesaplamalar sonucunda ılıman iklime sahip Antalya koşullarında dinamik kontrol ile statik kontrol stratejisine göre serada istenen gece sıcaklığına bağlı olarak en fazla %30 ve karasal iklimin hakim olduğu Afyonkarahisar koşullarında %9 enerji tasarrufunun sağlanabileceği belirlenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Sera Toplam Sıcaklık Dinamik Kontrol Stratejisi Enerji Tasarrufu
Kaynakça
- Baille A 1999. Greenhouse structure and equipment for improving crop production in mild winter climates. Acta Hort., 491: 37–47.
- Baytorun AN 2016. Seralar. Sera tipleri, donanımı ve iklimlendirmesi. Nobel yayınevi 415 syf.
- Baytorun AN, Akyüz A, Üstün S, Çaylı A 2017. Antalya İklim Koşullarında Farklı Donanımlara Sahip Seraların Isı Enerjisi Gereksiniminin Belirlenmesi. Türk Tarım –Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 5 (2):144-152
- Baytorun AN 2022. Seralarda iklimlendirme. Nobel yayın evi 490 sayfa.
- Challa H, Heuvelink E, Meeteren U 1995. Crop growth and development. In Spanomitsios (eds). SEdstructure and environment: Temperature control and energy conservation in a plastic greenhouse. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 80(3): 251-259.
- Elings A, Kempkes FLK, Kaarsemaker RC, Ruijs MNA, van de Braak NJ, Dueck TA 2005. The energy balance and energy saving measures in greenhouse tomato cultivation. ISHS Acta Horticulturae, 691: 67-74.
- Gilli C, Kempkes F, Munoz P, Montero JI, Giuffrida F, Baptista FJ, et al. 2017. Potential of different energy saving strategies in heated greenhouse. In III international symposium on organic greenhouse horticulture, 1164: 467-474.
- Goldmeyer T 2019. Greenhouse Management. A guide to Operations and Technology. 406 syf.
- Körner O, Challa H 2003a. Design for an improved temperature integration concept in greenhouse cultivation. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 39(1): 39-59.
- Langton FA, Hamer PJC 2003. Energy efficient production of high-quality ornamental species. Final Report to Defra, Project HH1330.
- Langhans RW, Wolfe M, Albright LD 1985. Use of average night temperatures for plant growth for potential energy savings. Acta Horticulturae, 115:31-36.
- Maeritz U 2011. Potential von Energieeinsparungen durch computergestützte Klimastrategien bei Fruchtgemüse unter Glas. Produktion und Kosten im Griff–Energie-Optimierung im Gartenbaubetrieb. Gemüseerzeugerring. Prodüktionstechnische Beratung.
- Miller WB, Albright LD, Langhans RW 1985. Plant growth under averaged day/night temperatures. In Symposium greenhouse climate and its control, 174:313-320.
- Nisen A, Grafiadellis M, Jiménez R, La Malfa G, Martinez-Garcia PF, Monteiro A, Verlodt H, Villele O, Zabeltitz Cv, Denis Jc, Baudoin W, Garnaud Jc 1988. Cultures protegees en climat mediterranean. FAO, Rome.
- Rath T 1992. Einsatz wissensbasierter Systeme zur Modellierung und Darstellung von Gartenbautechnischen Fachwissen am Beispiel des hybriden Expertensystems HORTEX. Gartenbautechnische Informationen, Heft 34, Institut für Technik im Gartenbau der Universität Hannover.
- Shamim A Md, Guo H, Tanino K 2019. Energy saving techniques for reducing the heating cost of conventional greenhouse. Biosystems Engineering, 178:9-33.
- Spanomitsios GK 2001. Temperature control and energy conservation in a plastic greenhouse. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 80(3): 251-259.
- Tantau HJ 1983. Heizungsanlagen im Gartenbau. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart.
- Tantau HJ 1998. Energy saving potential of greenhouse climate control. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, 48(1): 93-101.
- Teichert A 2006. Zielsetzung Energieeinsparung. Möglichkeiten und technische Maßnahmen in Gewächshausanlagen. Obst- und Gartenbau. Landinfo 3/2006
- Zabeltitz Chr 1986. Gewächshäuser. Verlag Eugen-Ulmer 1986.
Determination of Energy Savings Based on a Dynamic Control Strategy Based on One-Day Total Temperature in Greenhouses
Öz
One of the dynamic control strategies implemented in the last years for energy saving in greenhouses is the control made according to the total temperature. This method is based on the principle that a certain sum of temperatures (rather than a constant temperature) is sufficient to reach a certain production target. Lowering the temperature at night provides significant heat energy savings. For this reason, reducing the temperature to the lower critical limit at night hours and compensating for the missing temperature in the daily total temperature by increasing the ventilation temperature during the day has been used in greenhouses for energy saving in recent years. In this study, the long year climate values of Antalya, where greenhouse cultivation is wide spread, and Afyonkarahisar, where geothermal greenhouse cultivation has become wide spread in recent years, was used to determine the heat savings achieved in the temperature control performed according to the constant temperature (static strategy) and the sum of one-day temperature (dynamic strategy). As a result of the calculations made depending on the desired night temperature in these greenhouses, it was determined that up to 30% energy savings can be achieved in Antalya conditions with mild climate, and 9% in Afyonkarahisar conditions where the continental climate prevails.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Greenhouse Total Temperature Dynamic Control Strategy Energy Saving
Kaynakça
- Baille A 1999. Greenhouse structure and equipment for improving crop production in mild winter climates. Acta Hort., 491: 37–47.
- Baytorun AN 2016. Seralar. Sera tipleri, donanımı ve iklimlendirmesi. Nobel yayınevi 415 syf.
- Baytorun AN, Akyüz A, Üstün S, Çaylı A 2017. Antalya İklim Koşullarında Farklı Donanımlara Sahip Seraların Isı Enerjisi Gereksiniminin Belirlenmesi. Türk Tarım –Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 5 (2):144-152
- Baytorun AN 2022. Seralarda iklimlendirme. Nobel yayın evi 490 sayfa.
- Challa H, Heuvelink E, Meeteren U 1995. Crop growth and development. In Spanomitsios (eds). SEdstructure and environment: Temperature control and energy conservation in a plastic greenhouse. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 80(3): 251-259.
- Elings A, Kempkes FLK, Kaarsemaker RC, Ruijs MNA, van de Braak NJ, Dueck TA 2005. The energy balance and energy saving measures in greenhouse tomato cultivation. ISHS Acta Horticulturae, 691: 67-74.
- Gilli C, Kempkes F, Munoz P, Montero JI, Giuffrida F, Baptista FJ, et al. 2017. Potential of different energy saving strategies in heated greenhouse. In III international symposium on organic greenhouse horticulture, 1164: 467-474.
- Goldmeyer T 2019. Greenhouse Management. A guide to Operations and Technology. 406 syf.
- Körner O, Challa H 2003a. Design for an improved temperature integration concept in greenhouse cultivation. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 39(1): 39-59.
- Langton FA, Hamer PJC 2003. Energy efficient production of high-quality ornamental species. Final Report to Defra, Project HH1330.
- Langhans RW, Wolfe M, Albright LD 1985. Use of average night temperatures for plant growth for potential energy savings. Acta Horticulturae, 115:31-36.
- Maeritz U 2011. Potential von Energieeinsparungen durch computergestützte Klimastrategien bei Fruchtgemüse unter Glas. Produktion und Kosten im Griff–Energie-Optimierung im Gartenbaubetrieb. Gemüseerzeugerring. Prodüktionstechnische Beratung.
- Miller WB, Albright LD, Langhans RW 1985. Plant growth under averaged day/night temperatures. In Symposium greenhouse climate and its control, 174:313-320.
- Nisen A, Grafiadellis M, Jiménez R, La Malfa G, Martinez-Garcia PF, Monteiro A, Verlodt H, Villele O, Zabeltitz Cv, Denis Jc, Baudoin W, Garnaud Jc 1988. Cultures protegees en climat mediterranean. FAO, Rome.
- Rath T 1992. Einsatz wissensbasierter Systeme zur Modellierung und Darstellung von Gartenbautechnischen Fachwissen am Beispiel des hybriden Expertensystems HORTEX. Gartenbautechnische Informationen, Heft 34, Institut für Technik im Gartenbau der Universität Hannover.
- Shamim A Md, Guo H, Tanino K 2019. Energy saving techniques for reducing the heating cost of conventional greenhouse. Biosystems Engineering, 178:9-33.
- Spanomitsios GK 2001. Temperature control and energy conservation in a plastic greenhouse. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 80(3): 251-259.
- Tantau HJ 1983. Heizungsanlagen im Gartenbau. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart.
- Tantau HJ 1998. Energy saving potential of greenhouse climate control. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, 48(1): 93-101.
- Teichert A 2006. Zielsetzung Energieeinsparung. Möglichkeiten und technische Maßnahmen in Gewächshausanlagen. Obst- und Gartenbau. Landinfo 3/2006
- Zabeltitz Chr 1986. Gewächshäuser. Verlag Eugen-Ulmer 1986.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Ziraat, Veterinerlik ve Gıda Bilimleri |
| Bölüm | ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ (Research Article) |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Ekim 2022 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 21 Haziran 2021 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 1 Ekim 2021 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022 |
2022-JIF = 0.500
2022-JCI = 0.170
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