Effects of Callus Cell Suspension Cultures and Elicitor Applications on Bioactive Components in Globe Artichoke [Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus (L.) Fiori]
Abstract
Globe artichoke [Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus (L.) Fiori] has many health-protecting properties due to its valuable bioactive components which are not stable and produced in high amounts in the raw plant material in nature. These bioactive components that gaining interest can be increased thanks to the contribution of valuable in vitro techniques, such as callus and cell suspension cultures, and various new applications such as elicitor treatments. Present study aimed to determined bioactive components in three globe artichoke cultivars by using callus cell suspension cultures in various media combinations and by applying two elicitor treatments, namely methyl jasmonate and chitosan, at 3 different concentrations (methyl jasmonate 50 µM, 100 µM, and 200 µM; chitosan 200 mg L-1, 400 mg L-1, and 800 mg L-1) with 3 different application durations (24h, 48h, and 72h). The bioactive compounds profile of cultivars was determined by HPLC-DAD. Obtained results clearly revealed that using well-balanced concentrations of auxin: cytokinin (1:1 or 10:1) in a media composition is a must for triggering the callus formation process for globe artichoke. Results also showed that accumulated bioactive components and their amounts varied based on cultivars. Experiment results revealed that different types of elicitors other than methyl jasmonate and chitosan, or different doses of elicitors and application durations should be used/tested to get desired levels of bioactive components. The findings of the present study may play a supportively and complementarily mission in several important fields such as agriculture, and pharmaceutical engineering.
Keywords
Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus (L.) Fiori Bioactive components Callus cell suspension culture Chitosan Methyl jasmonate
Supporting Institution
Akdeniz University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit
Project Number
FDK-2019-4611 and FBA-2019-4814
Thanks
Thanks to Dr. Mehmet Ali Saridas from Cukurova University for his contribution to statistical analysis.
References
- Abbas MS, El-Shabrawi HM, Soliman AS, Selim MA 2018. Optimization of germination, callus induction, and cell suspension culture of African locust beans Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) Benth. Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 16(2018): 191-201.
- Ahmad W, Zahir A, Nadeem M, Garros L, Drouet S, Renouard S, Doussot J, Giglioli-Guivarc’h N, Hano C, Abbasi BH 2019. Enhanced production of lignans and neolignans in chitosan-treated flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) cell cultures. Process Biochemistry 79(2019): 155-165.
- Ahmed SA, Baig MMV 2014. Biotic elicitor enhanced production of psoralen in suspension cultures of Psoralea corylifolia L. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 21(5): 499-504.
- Alsoufi ASM, Pączkowski C, Szakiel A, Długosz M 2019. Effect of jasmonic acid and chitosan on triterpenoid production in Calendula officinalis hairy root cultures. Phytochemistry Letters 31(2019): 5-11.
- Edahiro J, Seki M 2006. Phenylpropanoid metabolite supports cell aggregate formation in strawberry cell suspension culture. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering 102(1): 8-13.
- El-Bahr MK, Bekheet SAE-H, Gabr AMM, El-Shenawy R, El Abd YS 2018. Accumulation of Cynarin, the Hepatoprotective Compound, in Ethephon Treated Callus Cultures of Globe Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.). Journal of Biological Sciences 18(5): 243-250.
- Gamborg OL, Miller RA, Ojima K 1968. Nutrient requirement of suspensions cultures of soybean root cells. Exp Cell Res 50(1): 151-158.
- Hesami M, Daneshvar MH 2018. Indirect Organogenesis through Seedling-Derived Leaf Segments of Ficus religiosa - a Multipurpose Woody Medicinal Plant. J Crop Sci Biotech 21(2): 129-136.
- Jiao J, Gaia Q-Y, Wang X, Qin Q-P, Wang Z-Y, Liu J, Fu Y-J 2018. Chitosan elicitation of Isatis tinctoria L. hairy root cultures for enhancing flavonoid productivity and gene expression and related antioxidant activity. Industrial Crops & Products 124(2018): 28-35.
- Joshaghani MS, Ghasemnezhad A, Alizadeh M 2014. Effect of explants types, culture media and concentrations of plant growth regulator on callus induction rate in Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.). International Journal of Biotechnology Research 2(6): 70-74.
- Krzyzanowska J, Czubacka A, Pecio L, Przybys M, Doroszewska T, Stochmal A, Oleszek W 2012. The effects of jasmonic acid and methyl jasmonate on rosmarinic acid production in Mentha x piperita cell suspension cultures. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 108(1): 73-81.
- Lim FL, Yam MF, Asmawi MZ, Chan L-K 2013. Elicitation of Orthosiphon stamineus cell suspension culture for enhancement of phenolic compounds biosynthesis and antioxidant activity. Industrial Crops and Products 50(2013): 436-442.
- Liu Z-B, Chen J-G, Yin Z-P, Shangguan X-C, Peng D-Y, Lu T, Lin P 2018. Methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid elicitation increase content and yield of chlorogenic acid and its derivatives in Gardenia jasminoides cell suspension cultures. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) 134(2018): 79-93.
- Negrel J, Javelle F 1995. Induction of phenylpropanoid and tyramine metabolism in pectinase- or pronase-elicited cell suspension cultures of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Physiol Plant 95(4): 569-574.
- Ngara R, Ressand J, Ndimba BK 2008. Establishment of sorghum cell suspension culture system for proteomics studies. Afr J Biotechnol 7(6): 744-749.
- Ozsan T, Onus AN 2020a. Comparative study on in vitro micropropagation response of seven globe artichoke [Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus (L.) Fiori] cultivars: open-pollinated cultivars vs F1 hybrids. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 48(3):1210-1220.
- Ozsan T, Onus AN 2020b. Callogenesis optimization of some globe artichoke [Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus (L.) Fiori] cultivars based on in vivo and in vitro leaf explants. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 48(4):1873-1884.
- Pandino G, Courts FL, Lombardo S, Mauromıcale G, Williamson G 2010. Caffeoylquinic Acids and Flavonoids in the Immature Inflorescence of Globe Artichoke, Wild Cardoon, and Cultivated Cardoon. J Agric Food Chem 58(2): 1026-1031.
- Pandino G, Lombardo S, Mauromicale G 2013. Globe artichoke leaves and floral stems as a source of bioactive compounds. Industrial Crops and Products 44(2013): 44-49.
- Pandino G, Lombardo S, Mauromicale G, Williamson G 2011. Phenolic acids and flavonoids in leaf and floral stem of cultivated and wild Cynara cardunculus L. genotypes. Food Chem 126(2): 417-422.
- Pandino G, Meneghini M, Tavazza R, Lombardo S, Mauromicale G 2017. Phytochemicals accumulation and antioxidant activity in callus and suspension cultures of Cynara scolymus L. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 128(2017): 223-230.
- Reis A, Scopel M, Zuanazzi JAS 2018. Trifolium pratense: Friable calli, cell culture protocol and isoflavones content in wild plants, in vitro and cell cultures analyzed by UPLC. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia 28(5): 542-550.
- Ruta C, Tagarelli A, Campanelli A, De Mastro G, Morone-Fortunato I 2013. Callogenesis Capability of Artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus L. Fiori). (Proc. 8th IS on Artichoke, Cardoon and Their Wild Relatives, Acta Hort, Italy: Ed. Pagnotta MA) 377-380.
- Sarmadi M, Karimi N, Palazón J, Ghassempour A, Mirjalili MH 2018. The effects of salicylic acid and glucose on biochemical traits and taxane production in a Taxus baccata callus culture. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 132(2018): 271-280.
- Sökmen A, Gürel E 2001. Sekonder Metabolit Üretimi. (Bitki Biyoteknolojisi I, Doku Kültürü ve Uygulamaları, Selçuk Üniversitesi Basımevi, Konya: Ed. Babaoğlu M, Gürel E, Özcan S) 211-261.
- Tanoori A, Ghasemnezhad A, Alizadeh M 2015. In vitro estimation of antioxidant compounds of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) as affected by methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research 7(12): 991-996.
- Verpoorte R, Contin A, Memelink J 2002. Biotechnology for the production of plant secondary metabolites. Phytochem Rev 1(2002): 13-25.
- Wani S, Kaloo Z, Shah M, Banday S 2018. Influence of explant and plant growth regulators on callus mediated regeneration in Lavatera cashmeriana Cambess. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 7(3): 326-336.
Kallus Hücre Süspansiyon Kültürleri ve Elisitör Uygulamalarının Enginarda [Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus (L.) Fiori] Biyoaktif Bileşenler Üzerine Etkisi
Abstract
Enginar [Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus (L.) Fiori] doğada ham bitki materyalinde yüksek miktarlarda ve stabil olarak üretilmeyen değerli biyoaktif bileşenleri nedeniyle sağlık üzerine koruyucu birçok özelliğe sahiptir. Bu biyoaktif bileşenler, kallus ve hücre süspansiyon kültürleri gibi değerli in vitro tekniklerin ve elisitör gibi çeşitli yeni uygulamaların katkısıyla artırılabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, çeşitli besi ortam kombinasyonlarında kallus hücre süspansiyon kültürleri kullanılarak ve 3 farklı konsantrasyonda (metil jasmonat 50 µM, 100 µM ve 200 µM; kitosan 200 mg L-1, 400 mg L-1 ve 800 mg L-1) 3 farklı uygulama süresiyle (24 saat, 48 saat ve 72 saat) uygulamaların biyoaktif içerikler üzerine olan etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çeşitlerin biyoaktif bileşik profili HPLC-DAD ile belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, besi ortamı bileşiminde iyi dengelenmiş oksin: sitokinin (1:1 veya 10:1) konsantrasyonlarının kullanılmasının, enginarda kallus oluşum sürecini tetiklemek için bir zorunluluk olduğunu açıkça ortaya koymuştur. Sonuçlar ayrıca biriken biyoaktif bileşenlerin ve miktarlarının çeşitlere göre değiştiğini ortaya koymuştur. Araştırma sonuçları, istenen biyoaktif bileşen seviyelerini elde etmek için metil jasmonat ve kitosan dışında farklı tipte elisitörlerin veya aynı elisitörlerin farklı dozlarının ve/veya uygulama sürelerinin kullanılması/test edilmesi gerektiğini açık bir şekilde ortaya koymuştur. Mevcut çalışmanın bulgularının, tarım ve ilaç mühendisliği gibi birçok önemli alanda destekleyici ve tamamlayıcı bir etkisi olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Keywords
Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus (L.) Fiori Biyoaktif bileşenler Kallus hücre süspansiyon kültürü Kitosan Metil jasmonat
Project Number
FDK-2019-4611 and FBA-2019-4814
References
- Abbas MS, El-Shabrawi HM, Soliman AS, Selim MA 2018. Optimization of germination, callus induction, and cell suspension culture of African locust beans Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) Benth. Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 16(2018): 191-201.
- Ahmad W, Zahir A, Nadeem M, Garros L, Drouet S, Renouard S, Doussot J, Giglioli-Guivarc’h N, Hano C, Abbasi BH 2019. Enhanced production of lignans and neolignans in chitosan-treated flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) cell cultures. Process Biochemistry 79(2019): 155-165.
- Ahmed SA, Baig MMV 2014. Biotic elicitor enhanced production of psoralen in suspension cultures of Psoralea corylifolia L. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 21(5): 499-504.
- Alsoufi ASM, Pączkowski C, Szakiel A, Długosz M 2019. Effect of jasmonic acid and chitosan on triterpenoid production in Calendula officinalis hairy root cultures. Phytochemistry Letters 31(2019): 5-11.
- Edahiro J, Seki M 2006. Phenylpropanoid metabolite supports cell aggregate formation in strawberry cell suspension culture. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering 102(1): 8-13.
- El-Bahr MK, Bekheet SAE-H, Gabr AMM, El-Shenawy R, El Abd YS 2018. Accumulation of Cynarin, the Hepatoprotective Compound, in Ethephon Treated Callus Cultures of Globe Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.). Journal of Biological Sciences 18(5): 243-250.
- Gamborg OL, Miller RA, Ojima K 1968. Nutrient requirement of suspensions cultures of soybean root cells. Exp Cell Res 50(1): 151-158.
- Hesami M, Daneshvar MH 2018. Indirect Organogenesis through Seedling-Derived Leaf Segments of Ficus religiosa - a Multipurpose Woody Medicinal Plant. J Crop Sci Biotech 21(2): 129-136.
- Jiao J, Gaia Q-Y, Wang X, Qin Q-P, Wang Z-Y, Liu J, Fu Y-J 2018. Chitosan elicitation of Isatis tinctoria L. hairy root cultures for enhancing flavonoid productivity and gene expression and related antioxidant activity. Industrial Crops & Products 124(2018): 28-35.
- Joshaghani MS, Ghasemnezhad A, Alizadeh M 2014. Effect of explants types, culture media and concentrations of plant growth regulator on callus induction rate in Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.). International Journal of Biotechnology Research 2(6): 70-74.
- Krzyzanowska J, Czubacka A, Pecio L, Przybys M, Doroszewska T, Stochmal A, Oleszek W 2012. The effects of jasmonic acid and methyl jasmonate on rosmarinic acid production in Mentha x piperita cell suspension cultures. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 108(1): 73-81.
- Lim FL, Yam MF, Asmawi MZ, Chan L-K 2013. Elicitation of Orthosiphon stamineus cell suspension culture for enhancement of phenolic compounds biosynthesis and antioxidant activity. Industrial Crops and Products 50(2013): 436-442.
- Liu Z-B, Chen J-G, Yin Z-P, Shangguan X-C, Peng D-Y, Lu T, Lin P 2018. Methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid elicitation increase content and yield of chlorogenic acid and its derivatives in Gardenia jasminoides cell suspension cultures. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) 134(2018): 79-93.
- Negrel J, Javelle F 1995. Induction of phenylpropanoid and tyramine metabolism in pectinase- or pronase-elicited cell suspension cultures of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Physiol Plant 95(4): 569-574.
- Ngara R, Ressand J, Ndimba BK 2008. Establishment of sorghum cell suspension culture system for proteomics studies. Afr J Biotechnol 7(6): 744-749.
- Ozsan T, Onus AN 2020a. Comparative study on in vitro micropropagation response of seven globe artichoke [Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus (L.) Fiori] cultivars: open-pollinated cultivars vs F1 hybrids. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 48(3):1210-1220.
- Ozsan T, Onus AN 2020b. Callogenesis optimization of some globe artichoke [Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus (L.) Fiori] cultivars based on in vivo and in vitro leaf explants. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 48(4):1873-1884.
- Pandino G, Courts FL, Lombardo S, Mauromıcale G, Williamson G 2010. Caffeoylquinic Acids and Flavonoids in the Immature Inflorescence of Globe Artichoke, Wild Cardoon, and Cultivated Cardoon. J Agric Food Chem 58(2): 1026-1031.
- Pandino G, Lombardo S, Mauromicale G 2013. Globe artichoke leaves and floral stems as a source of bioactive compounds. Industrial Crops and Products 44(2013): 44-49.
- Pandino G, Lombardo S, Mauromicale G, Williamson G 2011. Phenolic acids and flavonoids in leaf and floral stem of cultivated and wild Cynara cardunculus L. genotypes. Food Chem 126(2): 417-422.
- Pandino G, Meneghini M, Tavazza R, Lombardo S, Mauromicale G 2017. Phytochemicals accumulation and antioxidant activity in callus and suspension cultures of Cynara scolymus L. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 128(2017): 223-230.
- Reis A, Scopel M, Zuanazzi JAS 2018. Trifolium pratense: Friable calli, cell culture protocol and isoflavones content in wild plants, in vitro and cell cultures analyzed by UPLC. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia 28(5): 542-550.
- Ruta C, Tagarelli A, Campanelli A, De Mastro G, Morone-Fortunato I 2013. Callogenesis Capability of Artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus L. Fiori). (Proc. 8th IS on Artichoke, Cardoon and Their Wild Relatives, Acta Hort, Italy: Ed. Pagnotta MA) 377-380.
- Sarmadi M, Karimi N, Palazón J, Ghassempour A, Mirjalili MH 2018. The effects of salicylic acid and glucose on biochemical traits and taxane production in a Taxus baccata callus culture. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 132(2018): 271-280.
- Sökmen A, Gürel E 2001. Sekonder Metabolit Üretimi. (Bitki Biyoteknolojisi I, Doku Kültürü ve Uygulamaları, Selçuk Üniversitesi Basımevi, Konya: Ed. Babaoğlu M, Gürel E, Özcan S) 211-261.
- Tanoori A, Ghasemnezhad A, Alizadeh M 2015. In vitro estimation of antioxidant compounds of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) as affected by methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research 7(12): 991-996.
- Verpoorte R, Contin A, Memelink J 2002. Biotechnology for the production of plant secondary metabolites. Phytochem Rev 1(2002): 13-25.
- Wani S, Kaloo Z, Shah M, Banday S 2018. Influence of explant and plant growth regulators on callus mediated regeneration in Lavatera cashmeriana Cambess. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 7(3): 326-336.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences |
| Journal Section | RESEARCH ARTICLE |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | FDK-2019-4611 and FBA-2019-4814 |
| Publication Date | June 30, 2022 |
| Submission Date | June 14, 2021 |
| Acceptance Date | August 17, 2021 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022Volume: 25 Issue: 3 |
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