FARKLI AZOT VE FOSFOR DOZLARININ KETENCİK BİTKİSİ (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz)’NİN BAZI BİTKİSEL ÖZELLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE OLAN ETKİSİNİN BELİRLENMESİ

Yusuf Arslan; İlhan Subaşı; Duran Katar; Recep Kodaş; Hasan Keyvanoğlu

doi:10.7161/anajas.2014.29.3.231-239

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS ON THE YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENT OF FALSE FLAX (Camelina sativa L.) CRANTZ)

Year 2014, Volume: 29 Issue: 3, 231 - 239, 29.10.2014

Yusuf Arslan İlhan Subaşı Duran Katar Recep Kodaş Hasan Keyvanoğlu

https://doi.org/10.7161/anajas.2014.29.3.231-239

Cited By: 6

Abstract

This study was carried out under the ecological conditions of Ankara in 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 vegetation season. The experiment was laid out In The Randomized Complete Block in a Split Plot Design with three replications. The different phosphorous doses (0, 3, 6 and 9 kg P2O5/da) and different nitrogen doses (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 kg N/da) were randomized into main and sub plots, respectivelly. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of different phosphorous doses and nitrogen doses on the plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, 1000 seed weight (g), the seed yield (kg), oil content (%) and fatty acid compositions in false flax (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz). In 2011-2012 vegetation season, mean data for plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, 1000 seed weight (g), the seed yield (kg) and oil content (%) among different phosphorous doses and nitrogen doses ranged from 52.7cm to 66.0 cm, 3.7 to 8 number, 1.81 to 1.31 g, 87.53 to 181.13 kg/da and 23.67 to 31.73% respectively. In 2012-2013 vegetation season, mean data for plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, 1000 seed weight (g), the seed yield (kg) and oil content (%) among different phosphorous doses and nitrogen doses ranged from 116.4 to 129.7 cm, 5 to 9.7 number, 1.19 to 1.48 g, 106.61 to 419.82 g and 24.23 to 32.3% respectively. According to in this study, the highest seed yield were obtained from the application of 6 kg/da of phosphorus and 15 kg/da of nitrogen in the appropriate precipitation conditions.

Keywords

Camelina, Camelina sativa, seed yield and oil content, nitrogen and phosphorus doses

References

Agegnehu, M., Honermeier, B. 1997. Effects of seeding rate and nitrogen fertilization on seed yield, seed quality and yield components of false flax (Camelina sative Crtz). Die Bodenkultur. 48 (1).
Alessi, J., Power, J.F., Zimmerman, D.C. 1981. Effect of seeding date and populatıon on water- use efficiency and safflower yield. Agronomy Journal, 73(5): 783-787.
Berti M., Wilckens, R., Fischer, S., Solis, A., Johnson, B. 2011. Seeding date influence on Camelina seed yield, yield components, and oil content in Chile, 34: 1358-1365.
Budin, J.T., Brene, W.M., Putnam, D.H. 1995. Some compositional properties of Camelina (Camelina sativa L. Crantz) seeds and oils. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 72(3): 309-315.
Bugnarug, C., Borcean, I. 2000. A study on the effect of fertilizers on the crop and oil content of Camelina sativa L. Lucr. Stiint. Agric. Univ Stiint Agron Med Vet Banat Timisoara, 32: 541-544.
Cherin, O., Campbell, A., Parker, T. 2009. Egg quality and lipid composition of eggs from hens fed Camelina sativa. J Appl Poult Res., 18: 143-150.
Crowley, J.G., Fröhlich, A. 1998. Factors Affecting the Composition and Use of Camelina. Crops Research Centre, Oak Park, Carlow. ISBN 1 901138666.
Frohlic, A., Rice, B. 2005. Evaluation of Camelina sativa oil as feedstock for biodiesel production. Industrial Crops and Products, 21(1): 25-31.
Gesch, R.W., Cermak, S.C. 2011. Sowing date and tillage effects on fall-seeded Camelina in the Northern Corn Belt., 103(4): 980-987.
Goulson, D. 2003. Conserving wild bees for crop pollination. Food Agric Environ 1: 142-144.
Grant, D.J. 2008. Response of Camelina to Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Sulfur. Fertilizer Facts. Montana State University, Ext. Service, Western Triangle Ag. Research Center, Conrad.
İlisulu, K. 1972. Yağ Bitkileri ve Islahı. Çağlayan Kitapevi, s. 321-324. Beyoğlu-İstanbul.
İncekara, F. 1972. Endüstri Bitkileri ve Islahı. Cilt: 2, Ege Üniversitesi Matbaası, İzmir.
Karahoca, A. 2002. Çukurova Koşullarında Ketencik (Camelina sativa)'te Farklı Azot ve Fosfor Gübrelemesinin Tohum Verimi ve Yağ Oranına Etkileri. Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Basılmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Adana.
Kara, K. 1994. Değişik sıra aralık mesafelerinin ketencik (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) verim ve verim unsurları üzerine etkileri. Tr. J. of Agricultural and Foresty, 18: 59-64.
Katar, D., Arslan, Y., Subaşı, İ. 2012a. Ankara ekolojik şartlarında farklı ekim zamanlarının ketencik (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) bitkisinin verim ve verim unsurları üzerine etkisi. Atatürk Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg., 43(1): 23-27.
Katar, D., Arslan, Y., Subaşı, İ. 2012b. Ankara ekolojik koşullarında farklı ekim zamanlarının ketencik (Camelina Sativa (L.) Crantz) bitkisinin yağ oranı ve bileşimi üzerine olan etkisinin belirlenmesi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(3): 84-90.
Katar, D., Arslan, Y., Subaşı, İ. 2012c. Genotypic variations on yield, yield components and oil quality in some Camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) genotypes. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 17(2): 105-110.
Katar, D., Arslan, Y., Subaşı, İ. 2012d. Kışlık farklı ekim zamanlarının ketencik (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) bitkisinin verim ve verim öğelerine etkisi. GOÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 29(1): 105-112.
Koncıus, D., Karcauskıene, D. 2010. The Effect of nitrogen fertilizers, sowing time and seed rate on the productivity of Camelina sativa. Agriculture, 97(4): 37-46.
Kurt, O., Seyis, F. 2008. Alternatif Yağ Bitkisi: Ketencik (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz). OMU. Zir. Fak. Dergisi, 23(2): 116-120.
McVay, K.A., Lamb, P.F. 2008. Camelina Production in Montana. Extension Mont guide 200701AG. Montana State Univ., Bozeman.
Mulligan, G.A. 2002. Weedy Introduced Mustards (Brassicaceae) of Canada. Can Field-Nat., 116: 623-631.
Putnam, D.H., Budin, J.T., Field, L.A., Breene, W.M. 1993. Camelina: A Promising Low-Input Oilseed. From http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/proceedings 1993/V2-314.html.
Ryhänen, E.L., Perttilä, S., Tupasela, T., Valaja, J., Eriksson, C., Larkka, K. 2007. Effect of Camelina sativa expeller cake on performance and meat quality of broilers. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 87(8): 1489-1494.
Schultze-Motel, W. 1986. Camelina. G. Hegi, ed. Illustrierte Flora Von Mittel-Europa, 3rd ed. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin, Hamburg, Germany, pp. 340-345.
Szczebiot, M. 2002. Effect of mineral fertilization on yielding of spring false flax and crambe. Rośliny Oleiste, 23(1).
Tedin, O. 1922. Zur. Bluten- und Befruchtungsbiologie der Leindotter (Camelina sativa). Bot Not., 177-189.
Tomas, L., Jaroslav, H., Jiri, M., Johann, V., Jiri, P., Radek, F., Ladislav, V., Ladisla, D., Anna, M. 2011. Effect of Combined Nitrogen and Sulphur Fertilization on Yield and Qualitative Parameters of Camelina sativa [L.] Crtz. (false flax). 6: 313-321.
Urbaniak, S.D., Caldwell, C.D., Zheljazkov, V.D., Lada, R., Luan, L. 2008. The Effect of cultivar and applied nitrogen on the performance of Camelina sativa L. in the Maritime provinces of Canada. Can J Plant Sci., 88: 111-119.
Vollmann, J., Damboeck, A., Eckl, A., Schrems, H., Ruckenbauer, P. 1996. Improvement of Camelina sativa, an Underexploited Oilseed. p. 357-362.
Waraich, E.A., Z., Ahmed, Ahmad, R., Ashraf, M. Y., Saifullah, Naeem, M.S., Rengel, Z. 2013. Camelina sativa, a climate proof crop, has high nutritive value and multiple-uses: a review. AJCS, 7(10): 1551-1559, ISSN:1835-2707.
Zubr, J. 1997. Oil-seed crop: Camelina sativa. İndustrial Crops and Products (6): 113-119.
Zubr J, Matthaus, B. 2002 Effects of growth conditions on fatty acids and Tocopherols in Camelina sativa oil. Ind Crops Prod, 15: 155-162.
Zubr, J. 2003a. Dietary fatty acids and amino acids of Camelina sativa seed. J. Food Qual., 26: 451-462.
Zubr J., 2003b. Qualitative variation of Camelina sativa seed from different locations, Industrial Crops and Products, 17(3): 161-169.
Zubr, J. 2009. Unique dietry oil from Camelina sativa seed, agro food industry. Hi Tech, 20: 42-46.

FARKLI AZOT VE FOSFOR DOZLARININ KETENCİK BİTKİSİ (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz)’NİN BAZI BİTKİSEL ÖZELLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE OLAN ETKİSİNİN BELİRLENMESİ

Year 2014, Volume: 29 Issue: 3, 231 - 239, 29.10.2014

Yusuf Arslan İlhan Subaşı Duran Katar Recep Kodaş Hasan Keyvanoğlu

https://doi.org/10.7161/anajas.2014.29.3.231-239

Cited By: 6

Abstract

Bu çalışma 2011-2012 ve 2012-2013 vejetasyon dönemlerinde Ankara ekolojik koşullarında yürütülmüştür. Deneme Tesadüf Bloklarında Bölünen Parseller Deneme Deseni’ne göre üç tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Denemede ana parsellere fosfor dozları (0, 3, 6, 9 kg/da), alt parsellere de azot dozları (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 kg/da) uygulanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; ketencik (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) bitkisinde farklı fosfor ve azot dozlarının bitki boyu (cm), yan dal sayısı (adet/bitki), 1000 tohum ağırlığı (g), dekara tohum verimi (kg/da), yağ oranı (%) ve yağ asidi kompozisyonu üzerine etkisini belirlemektir. Fosfor ve azot dozlarına bağlı olarak 2011-2012 vejetasyon döneminde ortalama bitki boyunun 52.7-66.0 cm, yan dal sayısının 3.7-8 adet/bitki, 1000 tohum ağırlığının 1.18-1.31 g, tohum veriminin 87.53-181.13 kg/da ve yağ oranının %23.67-31.73 arasında olduğu; 2012-2013 vejetasyon döneminde ise ortalama bitki boyunun 116.4-129.7 cm, yan dal sayısının 5 ile 9.7 adet/bitki, 1000 tohum ağırlığının 1.19-1.48 g, tohum veriminin 106.61-419.82 kg/da ve yağ oranının %24.23-32.30 arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen verilere göre uygun yağış şartlarında en yüksek tohum verimi için toprakta 9-11 kg/da fosfor ve 20 kg/da azot bulunması yeterli olmaktadır.

Keywords

Ketencik, Camelina sativa, tohum verimi ve yağ oranı, azot ve fosfor dozları

References

Agegnehu, M., Honermeier, B. 1997. Effects of seeding rate and nitrogen fertilization on seed yield, seed quality and yield components of false flax (Camelina sative Crtz). Die Bodenkultur. 48 (1).
Alessi, J., Power, J.F., Zimmerman, D.C. 1981. Effect of seeding date and populatıon on water- use efficiency and safflower yield. Agronomy Journal, 73(5): 783-787.
Berti M., Wilckens, R., Fischer, S., Solis, A., Johnson, B. 2011. Seeding date influence on Camelina seed yield, yield components, and oil content in Chile, 34: 1358-1365.
Budin, J.T., Brene, W.M., Putnam, D.H. 1995. Some compositional properties of Camelina (Camelina sativa L. Crantz) seeds and oils. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 72(3): 309-315.
Bugnarug, C., Borcean, I. 2000. A study on the effect of fertilizers on the crop and oil content of Camelina sativa L. Lucr. Stiint. Agric. Univ Stiint Agron Med Vet Banat Timisoara, 32: 541-544.
Cherin, O., Campbell, A., Parker, T. 2009. Egg quality and lipid composition of eggs from hens fed Camelina sativa. J Appl Poult Res., 18: 143-150.
Crowley, J.G., Fröhlich, A. 1998. Factors Affecting the Composition and Use of Camelina. Crops Research Centre, Oak Park, Carlow. ISBN 1 901138666.
Frohlic, A., Rice, B. 2005. Evaluation of Camelina sativa oil as feedstock for biodiesel production. Industrial Crops and Products, 21(1): 25-31.
Gesch, R.W., Cermak, S.C. 2011. Sowing date and tillage effects on fall-seeded Camelina in the Northern Corn Belt., 103(4): 980-987.
Goulson, D. 2003. Conserving wild bees for crop pollination. Food Agric Environ 1: 142-144.
Grant, D.J. 2008. Response of Camelina to Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Sulfur. Fertilizer Facts. Montana State University, Ext. Service, Western Triangle Ag. Research Center, Conrad.
İlisulu, K. 1972. Yağ Bitkileri ve Islahı. Çağlayan Kitapevi, s. 321-324. Beyoğlu-İstanbul.
İncekara, F. 1972. Endüstri Bitkileri ve Islahı. Cilt: 2, Ege Üniversitesi Matbaası, İzmir.
Karahoca, A. 2002. Çukurova Koşullarında Ketencik (Camelina sativa)'te Farklı Azot ve Fosfor Gübrelemesinin Tohum Verimi ve Yağ Oranına Etkileri. Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Basılmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Adana.
Kara, K. 1994. Değişik sıra aralık mesafelerinin ketencik (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) verim ve verim unsurları üzerine etkileri. Tr. J. of Agricultural and Foresty, 18: 59-64.
Katar, D., Arslan, Y., Subaşı, İ. 2012a. Ankara ekolojik şartlarında farklı ekim zamanlarının ketencik (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) bitkisinin verim ve verim unsurları üzerine etkisi. Atatürk Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg., 43(1): 23-27.
Katar, D., Arslan, Y., Subaşı, İ. 2012b. Ankara ekolojik koşullarında farklı ekim zamanlarının ketencik (Camelina Sativa (L.) Crantz) bitkisinin yağ oranı ve bileşimi üzerine olan etkisinin belirlenmesi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(3): 84-90.
Katar, D., Arslan, Y., Subaşı, İ. 2012c. Genotypic variations on yield, yield components and oil quality in some Camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) genotypes. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 17(2): 105-110.
Katar, D., Arslan, Y., Subaşı, İ. 2012d. Kışlık farklı ekim zamanlarının ketencik (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) bitkisinin verim ve verim öğelerine etkisi. GOÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 29(1): 105-112.
Koncıus, D., Karcauskıene, D. 2010. The Effect of nitrogen fertilizers, sowing time and seed rate on the productivity of Camelina sativa. Agriculture, 97(4): 37-46.
Kurt, O., Seyis, F. 2008. Alternatif Yağ Bitkisi: Ketencik (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz). OMU. Zir. Fak. Dergisi, 23(2): 116-120.
McVay, K.A., Lamb, P.F. 2008. Camelina Production in Montana. Extension Mont guide 200701AG. Montana State Univ., Bozeman.
Mulligan, G.A. 2002. Weedy Introduced Mustards (Brassicaceae) of Canada. Can Field-Nat., 116: 623-631.
Putnam, D.H., Budin, J.T., Field, L.A., Breene, W.M. 1993. Camelina: A Promising Low-Input Oilseed. From http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/proceedings 1993/V2-314.html.
Ryhänen, E.L., Perttilä, S., Tupasela, T., Valaja, J., Eriksson, C., Larkka, K. 2007. Effect of Camelina sativa expeller cake on performance and meat quality of broilers. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 87(8): 1489-1494.
Schultze-Motel, W. 1986. Camelina. G. Hegi, ed. Illustrierte Flora Von Mittel-Europa, 3rd ed. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin, Hamburg, Germany, pp. 340-345.
Szczebiot, M. 2002. Effect of mineral fertilization on yielding of spring false flax and crambe. Rośliny Oleiste, 23(1).
Tedin, O. 1922. Zur. Bluten- und Befruchtungsbiologie der Leindotter (Camelina sativa). Bot Not., 177-189.
Tomas, L., Jaroslav, H., Jiri, M., Johann, V., Jiri, P., Radek, F., Ladislav, V., Ladisla, D., Anna, M. 2011. Effect of Combined Nitrogen and Sulphur Fertilization on Yield and Qualitative Parameters of Camelina sativa [L.] Crtz. (false flax). 6: 313-321.
Urbaniak, S.D., Caldwell, C.D., Zheljazkov, V.D., Lada, R., Luan, L. 2008. The Effect of cultivar and applied nitrogen on the performance of Camelina sativa L. in the Maritime provinces of Canada. Can J Plant Sci., 88: 111-119.
Vollmann, J., Damboeck, A., Eckl, A., Schrems, H., Ruckenbauer, P. 1996. Improvement of Camelina sativa, an Underexploited Oilseed. p. 357-362.
Waraich, E.A., Z., Ahmed, Ahmad, R., Ashraf, M. Y., Saifullah, Naeem, M.S., Rengel, Z. 2013. Camelina sativa, a climate proof crop, has high nutritive value and multiple-uses: a review. AJCS, 7(10): 1551-1559, ISSN:1835-2707.
Zubr, J. 1997. Oil-seed crop: Camelina sativa. İndustrial Crops and Products (6): 113-119.
Zubr J, Matthaus, B. 2002 Effects of growth conditions on fatty acids and Tocopherols in Camelina sativa oil. Ind Crops Prod, 15: 155-162.
Zubr, J. 2003a. Dietary fatty acids and amino acids of Camelina sativa seed. J. Food Qual., 26: 451-462.
Zubr J., 2003b. Qualitative variation of Camelina sativa seed from different locations, Industrial Crops and Products, 17(3): 161-169.
Zubr, J. 2009. Unique dietry oil from Camelina sativa seed, agro food industry. Hi Tech, 20: 42-46.

There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	Turkish
Journal Section	Field Crops
Authors	Yusuf Arslan İlhan Subaşı Duran Katar Recep Kodaş Hasan Keyvanoğlu
Publication Date	October 29, 2014
Published in Issue	Year 2014 Volume: 29 Issue: 3

Cite

APA	Arslan, Y., Subaşı, İ., Katar, D., Kodaş, R., et al. (2014). FARKLI AZOT VE FOSFOR DOZLARININ KETENCİK BİTKİSİ (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz)’NİN BAZI BİTKİSEL ÖZELLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE OLAN ETKİSİNİN BELİRLENMESİ. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 29(3), 231-239. https://doi.org/10.7161/anajas.2014.29.3.231-239
AMA	Arslan Y, Subaşı İ, Katar D, Kodaş R, Keyvanoğlu H. FARKLI AZOT VE FOSFOR DOZLARININ KETENCİK BİTKİSİ (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz)’NİN BAZI BİTKİSEL ÖZELLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE OLAN ETKİSİNİN BELİRLENMESİ. ANAJAS. November 2014;29(3):231-239. doi:10.7161/anajas.2014.29.3.231-239
Chicago	Arslan, Yusuf, İlhan Subaşı, Duran Katar, Recep Kodaş, and Hasan Keyvanoğlu. “FARKLI AZOT VE FOSFOR DOZLARININ KETENCİK BİTKİSİ (Camelina Sativa (L.) Crantz)’NİN BAZI BİTKİSEL ÖZELLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE OLAN ETKİSİNİN BELİRLENMESİ”. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 29, no. 3 (November 2014): 231-39. https://doi.org/10.7161/anajas.2014.29.3.231-239.
EndNote	Arslan Y, Subaşı İ, Katar D, Kodaş R, Keyvanoğlu H (November 1, 2014) FARKLI AZOT VE FOSFOR DOZLARININ KETENCİK BİTKİSİ (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz)’NİN BAZI BİTKİSEL ÖZELLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE OLAN ETKİSİNİN BELİRLENMESİ. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 29 3 231–239.
IEEE	Y. Arslan, İ. Subaşı, D. Katar, R. Kodaş, and H. Keyvanoğlu, “FARKLI AZOT VE FOSFOR DOZLARININ KETENCİK BİTKİSİ (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz)’NİN BAZI BİTKİSEL ÖZELLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE OLAN ETKİSİNİN BELİRLENMESİ”, ANAJAS, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 231–239, 2014, doi: 10.7161/anajas.2014.29.3.231-239.
ISNAD	Arslan, Yusuf et al. “FARKLI AZOT VE FOSFOR DOZLARININ KETENCİK BİTKİSİ (Camelina Sativa (L.) Crantz)’NİN BAZI BİTKİSEL ÖZELLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE OLAN ETKİSİNİN BELİRLENMESİ”. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 29/3 (November 2014), 231-239. https://doi.org/10.7161/anajas.2014.29.3.231-239.
JAMA	Arslan Y, Subaşı İ, Katar D, Kodaş R, Keyvanoğlu H. FARKLI AZOT VE FOSFOR DOZLARININ KETENCİK BİTKİSİ (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz)’NİN BAZI BİTKİSEL ÖZELLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE OLAN ETKİSİNİN BELİRLENMESİ. ANAJAS. 2014;29:231–239.
MLA	Arslan, Yusuf et al. “FARKLI AZOT VE FOSFOR DOZLARININ KETENCİK BİTKİSİ (Camelina Sativa (L.) Crantz)’NİN BAZI BİTKİSEL ÖZELLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE OLAN ETKİSİNİN BELİRLENMESİ”. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 29, no. 3, 2014, pp. 231-9, doi:10.7161/anajas.2014.29.3.231-239.
Vancouver	Arslan Y, Subaşı İ, Katar D, Kodaş R, Keyvanoğlu H. FARKLI AZOT VE FOSFOR DOZLARININ KETENCİK BİTKİSİ (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz)’NİN BAZI BİTKİSEL ÖZELLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE OLAN ETKİSİNİN BELİRLENMESİ. ANAJAS. 2014;29(3):231-9.