Investigation of Symptoms and Hosts of Semi Parasite Plant Species in East Mediterranean and Central Anatolia Region of Turkey
Öz
This
study was carried out to determine the symptoms and hosts of the semi parasitic plant
species causing problems on the forest and fruit trees in the East
Mediterranean (Kahramanmaras) and Central Anatolia region (Nigde) in 2012-2016. When these semi parasitic plants
appear on the plants, they can cause swelling at the germinated sites of
branches of their host and resulting backward tissue drying. It has also been
observed to cause the host to die completely in some host such as almonds and
apricot. The study was conducted in Nigde, through the Mistletoe survey performed on some fruit and park trees and the
results indicated that a subspecies of semi parasitic. Viscum album naming Viscum album ssp. album was living on these trees. The whitethorn, wild pear, Ankara pear, almond, Braeburn apple,
plum, apricot, sour cherry, locust, Canada poplar and willow were found to be the host for Viscum
album ssp. album. Other mistletoe species; Viscum album ssp. abietis was seen on Taurus fir and Taurus
cedar while Viscum album subsp. austriacum on Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Ball PW 1993. Viscum L. In flora Europaea. p. 86. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, UK.
- Barbu C 2009. Impact of Mistletoe Attack (Viscum album ssp. abietis) on Radial Growth of Silver fir. A case study in the North of Eastern Carpathians. Annals of Forest Research, 52: 89-96.
- Barbu C 2012. Impact of White Mistletoe (Viscum album ssp. abietis) Infection on Needles and Crown Morphology of Silver Fir (Abies alba Mill.). Not. Bot.Horti Agrobo, 2012, 40(2): 152-158. Print ISSN 0255-965X; Electronic, 1842-4309.
- Bhattacharyya UC, Uniyal BP 1982. A Botanical Tourto Pangi and Triloknath in the upper Chenab. J Bombay Natural History Society, 79: 57-78.
- Bolsinger CL 1978. The Extent of Dwarf Mistletoe in Six Principal Soft woods in California, Oregon, and Washington, as Determined From Forest Survey Records. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Dwarf Mistletoe Control through Forest Management, 11-13 April.
- Bondev IA, Lyubenova MI 1984. Materials and Critical Notes on the Bulgarian Flora.Fitologija, 24:64-67.
- Ciesla WM, Geils BW, Adams RP 2004. Hosts and Geographic Distribution of Arceuthobium oxycedri. United States Department of agriculture forest service, US.
- Dobbertin M, Rigling A 2006. Pine mistletoe (Viscum album ssp. austriacum) Contributes to Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris) Mortality in the Rhone Valley of Switzerland. For. Path., 36: 309-322.
- Frohne D, Pfander HJ 1984. Mistletoe. In a Colour Atlas of Poisonous Plants. 1st ed. Wolfe Pub., pp: 155-156, London, UK.
- Geils BW, Wiens D, Hawksworth FG 2002a. Phoradendron in Mexico and the United States. USDA Forest Service Gen Tech. Rep.
- Geils BW, Tovar JC, Moody B 2002b. Mistletoes of North AmericanConifers. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-98. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 123 p.
- Hawksworth FG 1983. Mistletoes as Forest Parasites. In: The biology of mistletoes (eds. Calder M, Bernhardt P), pp. 317-333. Academic Press Australia.
- Hawksworth FG, Scharpf RF 1986. Spread of European Mistletoe (Viscum album L.) in California, US. European J. Forest Pathology,16:1-5.
- Hawksworth FG, Johnson DW 1989. Biology and Management of Dwarf Mistletoe in Lodgepole Pine in The Rocky Mountains, USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, General Technical Report Rm-169, Colorado, 38 p.
- Hawksworth FG, Geils BW 1990. How Long Do Mistletoe-Infected Ponderosa Pines Live? West. J. of App. Forestry, 5(2):47-48.
- Hawksworth FG, Wiens D 1996. Dwarf Mistletoes: Biology, Pathology and Systematics. Agric. Handb. 709. Washington DC: US Department of agriculture. 410 pp. [online] Available: http://www.rms.nau.edu/publications/ah_709.
- Hegi G 1981. Illustrierte Flora von Mittel europa, Band III, Teil 1. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin, Hamburg, 504 pp.
- Heide-jørgensen HS 2015. The MistletoeViscum album. www.viscum.dk
- Idžojtić M, Pernar RM, Glavaš M, Zebec M,Diminić D 2008. TheIncidence of Mistletoe (Viscum album ssp. abietis) on Silver Fir (Abies alba) in Croaţia. Biologia, 63(1):81-85.
- Khaldi A, Khouja ML, Abdelmoula K, Khouaja A 2000. The Situation of Juniperus phoenicea and Juniperus oxycedrus in Tunisia. Paper presented at the international Symposium Problems of Juniper Forests, Osh, Kyrgyzstan.
- Kirkup DW, Polhill RM, Wiens D 2000. Viscum in the Context of its Family Viscaceae and Its Diversity in Africa. In: Mistletoe: The Genus Viscum, ed. A. Bussing. Harwood Academic Publishers.
- Koski RD, Jacobi, WR, Swift, CE 2013. Mistletoes in Colorado Conifers. Colorado State University Extension. 2/99. Revised 12/13.
- Lazarev MA,Grigorov AN 1980. Modern Conditions and Perspectives of Studying Arceuthobium M.B. parasitizing the Crimean junipers. Byull. Gos. Nikit. Bot. Sada., 1:64-67.
- Marsden MA, Filip GM, Hessburg PF 1991. Using the Forest Timber Inventory for Sampling The Occurrence of Pests on Interior Douglas-fir. In: Baumgartner, D.M.; J.E. Lotan, comp. and eds.; Symposium proceedings: Interior Douglas-fir, the species and its management. February 27-March 1, 1990. Cooperative Extension, Washington State University, Pullman, WA. p. 109-113.
- Matula R, Svátek M, Pálková M, Volařík D,Vrška T 2015. MistletoeInfection in an Oak Forest is Influenced by Competition and Host Size Radim. PLoS ONE, 10(5): e0127055. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0127055
- Miller AG 1982. Arceuthobium Bieb. andViscum album L. (Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands), University Press, Edinburgh.
- Odum EP 1971. Fundamantals of Ecology. W.B: Saunders company, Philedelphia, London, Toronto, p.547.
- Oliva J, Colinas C2007. Decline of Silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) Stands in the Spanish Pyrenees: Role of Management, Historic Dynamics and Pathogens. Forest Ecol. Manag, 252:84-97.
- Perry J, Elmore CL, Emeritus D 2006. Mistletoe. University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Pest Notes, Publication,7437, Page;1-3.
- Sarangzai AM, Khan N, Wahab M, Kakar A 2010. New Spread of Dwarf Mistletoe (Arceuthobium oxycedri) in Juniper Forests, Ziarat, Balochistan, Pakistan. Pakistan J. Bot., 42(6): 3709-3714.
- Üstüner T, Düzenli S,Kitis YE 2015. Determination of Infection Rate of Mistletoe (V. album) On Hosts in Nigde Province. J. Turkish Weed Sci.,18(1-2); 5-14.
- Üstüner T 2016. Infection Severity of Semi Parasite Species on Hosts in East Mediterranean Region of Turkey. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS),9(11):17-25.
- Zebec M, Idžojtić M 2006. Hosts and Distribution of Yellow Mistletoe, Loranthus europaeus Jacq. In Croatia. Ladnikia, 19: 41-46.
Türkiye’nin Doğu Akdeniz ve İç Anadolu Bölgeler'inde Görülen Yarı Parazit Bitki Türlerin Konakları ve Simptomlarının Araştırılması
Öz
Bu çalışma 2012-2016 yıllarında Niğde ve Kahramanmaraş illerinde meyve ve orman ağaçlarında sorun olan yarı
parazit bitki türlerinin, konukçuları ve simptomlarını belirlemek için
yapılmıştır. Bu yarı parazit
bitkiler konukçuların dallarında çimlendiği yerde şişkinliklere neden olduğu gibi
sürgün uçlarından geriye doğru kurumalara da neden olmaktadır. Ayrıca kayısı ve
badem gibi bazı konukçularda ağaçların tamamen kurumasına neden olduğu gözlenmiştir.
Niğde ilinde; meyve ve park ağacı türlerinde yapılan ökseotu
sürveyi neticesinde bu ağaçlarda yarı parazit yaşayan Viscum album türüne
ait alt türün Viscum album ssp. album olduğu belirlenmiştir. Alıç,
ahlat, Ankara armudu, badem, elma, erik, kayısı, vişne, akasya, kanada kavağı
ve söğüt ağaçlarında Viscum album ssp. album’a rastlanmıştır.
Diğer ökse otu türleri, Viscum album ssp. abietis Toros göknarı ve Toros sedirinde, Viscum album subsp. austriacum
ise karaçamda görülmüştür.
Kahramanmaraş ilinde; Ardıç ökseotu (Arceuthobium
oxycedri); küçük kozalaklı katran ardıç
(Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus), boylu ardıç (Juniperus excelsa) ve andızda (Juniperus drupacea), meşe ökseotu (Loranthus europaeus) saçlı meşe (Quercus cerris) ve mazı meşesinde (Q. infectoria), Göknar ökseotu (Viscum
album subsp. abietis) Toros göknarı
(Abies cilicica subsp. cilicica) ve Toros sedirinde (Cedrus libani) ayrıca çam
ökseotu (V. album subsp. austriacum) kara çamda (Pinus nigra subsp.
pallasiana) görülmüş diğer yandan Kahramanmaraş’taViscum
album ssp. album’ a hiç bir konukçuda rastlanmamıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Ball PW 1993. Viscum L. In flora Europaea. p. 86. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, UK.
- Barbu C 2009. Impact of Mistletoe Attack (Viscum album ssp. abietis) on Radial Growth of Silver fir. A case study in the North of Eastern Carpathians. Annals of Forest Research, 52: 89-96.
- Barbu C 2012. Impact of White Mistletoe (Viscum album ssp. abietis) Infection on Needles and Crown Morphology of Silver Fir (Abies alba Mill.). Not. Bot.Horti Agrobo, 2012, 40(2): 152-158. Print ISSN 0255-965X; Electronic, 1842-4309.
- Bhattacharyya UC, Uniyal BP 1982. A Botanical Tourto Pangi and Triloknath in the upper Chenab. J Bombay Natural History Society, 79: 57-78.
- Bolsinger CL 1978. The Extent of Dwarf Mistletoe in Six Principal Soft woods in California, Oregon, and Washington, as Determined From Forest Survey Records. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Dwarf Mistletoe Control through Forest Management, 11-13 April.
- Bondev IA, Lyubenova MI 1984. Materials and Critical Notes on the Bulgarian Flora.Fitologija, 24:64-67.
- Ciesla WM, Geils BW, Adams RP 2004. Hosts and Geographic Distribution of Arceuthobium oxycedri. United States Department of agriculture forest service, US.
- Dobbertin M, Rigling A 2006. Pine mistletoe (Viscum album ssp. austriacum) Contributes to Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris) Mortality in the Rhone Valley of Switzerland. For. Path., 36: 309-322.
- Frohne D, Pfander HJ 1984. Mistletoe. In a Colour Atlas of Poisonous Plants. 1st ed. Wolfe Pub., pp: 155-156, London, UK.
- Geils BW, Wiens D, Hawksworth FG 2002a. Phoradendron in Mexico and the United States. USDA Forest Service Gen Tech. Rep.
- Geils BW, Tovar JC, Moody B 2002b. Mistletoes of North AmericanConifers. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-98. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 123 p.
- Hawksworth FG 1983. Mistletoes as Forest Parasites. In: The biology of mistletoes (eds. Calder M, Bernhardt P), pp. 317-333. Academic Press Australia.
- Hawksworth FG, Scharpf RF 1986. Spread of European Mistletoe (Viscum album L.) in California, US. European J. Forest Pathology,16:1-5.
- Hawksworth FG, Johnson DW 1989. Biology and Management of Dwarf Mistletoe in Lodgepole Pine in The Rocky Mountains, USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, General Technical Report Rm-169, Colorado, 38 p.
- Hawksworth FG, Geils BW 1990. How Long Do Mistletoe-Infected Ponderosa Pines Live? West. J. of App. Forestry, 5(2):47-48.
- Hawksworth FG, Wiens D 1996. Dwarf Mistletoes: Biology, Pathology and Systematics. Agric. Handb. 709. Washington DC: US Department of agriculture. 410 pp. [online] Available: http://www.rms.nau.edu/publications/ah_709.
- Hegi G 1981. Illustrierte Flora von Mittel europa, Band III, Teil 1. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin, Hamburg, 504 pp.
- Heide-jørgensen HS 2015. The MistletoeViscum album. www.viscum.dk
- Idžojtić M, Pernar RM, Glavaš M, Zebec M,Diminić D 2008. TheIncidence of Mistletoe (Viscum album ssp. abietis) on Silver Fir (Abies alba) in Croaţia. Biologia, 63(1):81-85.
- Khaldi A, Khouja ML, Abdelmoula K, Khouaja A 2000. The Situation of Juniperus phoenicea and Juniperus oxycedrus in Tunisia. Paper presented at the international Symposium Problems of Juniper Forests, Osh, Kyrgyzstan.
- Kirkup DW, Polhill RM, Wiens D 2000. Viscum in the Context of its Family Viscaceae and Its Diversity in Africa. In: Mistletoe: The Genus Viscum, ed. A. Bussing. Harwood Academic Publishers.
- Koski RD, Jacobi, WR, Swift, CE 2013. Mistletoes in Colorado Conifers. Colorado State University Extension. 2/99. Revised 12/13.
- Lazarev MA,Grigorov AN 1980. Modern Conditions and Perspectives of Studying Arceuthobium M.B. parasitizing the Crimean junipers. Byull. Gos. Nikit. Bot. Sada., 1:64-67.
- Marsden MA, Filip GM, Hessburg PF 1991. Using the Forest Timber Inventory for Sampling The Occurrence of Pests on Interior Douglas-fir. In: Baumgartner, D.M.; J.E. Lotan, comp. and eds.; Symposium proceedings: Interior Douglas-fir, the species and its management. February 27-March 1, 1990. Cooperative Extension, Washington State University, Pullman, WA. p. 109-113.
- Matula R, Svátek M, Pálková M, Volařík D,Vrška T 2015. MistletoeInfection in an Oak Forest is Influenced by Competition and Host Size Radim. PLoS ONE, 10(5): e0127055. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0127055
- Miller AG 1982. Arceuthobium Bieb. andViscum album L. (Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands), University Press, Edinburgh.
- Odum EP 1971. Fundamantals of Ecology. W.B: Saunders company, Philedelphia, London, Toronto, p.547.
- Oliva J, Colinas C2007. Decline of Silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) Stands in the Spanish Pyrenees: Role of Management, Historic Dynamics and Pathogens. Forest Ecol. Manag, 252:84-97.
- Perry J, Elmore CL, Emeritus D 2006. Mistletoe. University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Pest Notes, Publication,7437, Page;1-3.
- Sarangzai AM, Khan N, Wahab M, Kakar A 2010. New Spread of Dwarf Mistletoe (Arceuthobium oxycedri) in Juniper Forests, Ziarat, Balochistan, Pakistan. Pakistan J. Bot., 42(6): 3709-3714.
- Üstüner T, Düzenli S,Kitis YE 2015. Determination of Infection Rate of Mistletoe (V. album) On Hosts in Nigde Province. J. Turkish Weed Sci.,18(1-2); 5-14.
- Üstüner T 2016. Infection Severity of Semi Parasite Species on Hosts in East Mediterranean Region of Turkey. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS),9(11):17-25.
- Zebec M, Idžojtić M 2006. Hosts and Distribution of Yellow Mistletoe, Loranthus europaeus Jacq. In Croatia. Ladnikia, 19: 41-46.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ (Research Article) |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 15 Haziran 2018 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 10 Kasım 2017 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 12 Aralık 2017 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2018Cilt: 21 Sayı: 3 |
2022-JIF = 0.500
2022-JCI = 0.170
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