Araştırma Makalesi
Ekinezya (Echinacea purpurea L.) Bitkisinde Kuraklık Stresi ve Deniz Yosunu Uygulamalarının Bazı Fizyolojik Parametreler Üzerine Etkisi
Öz
Bu çalışma, Echinacea purpurea
L.’da PEG 6000 ile oluşturulan farklı ozmotik basınçta (kontrol,-0.5 MPa, -1.0
MPa ve -1.5 MPa) kuraklık stresi ile deniz yosunu (Ascophyllum nodosum)
uygulamalarının (kontrol, 2, 4 ve 6 cc/l) bazı fizyolojik parametreler
üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Ekinezya bitkisinin
yaprak alanı, yaprak klorofil miktarı, yaprak dokularında iyon sızıntısı,
malondialdehit düzeyi (MDA), yaprak dokularında bağıl su içeriği ve yaprak
dokularında membran dayanıklılık indeksi gibi parametreler incelenmiştir.
Araştırma sonucunda; kuraklık stresinin bitkinin yaprak alanı, yaprak
dokularında bağıl su içeriği ve membran dayanıklılık indeksini azalttığı, MDA
düzeyi ve yaprak dokularında iyon sızıntısı miktarında ise artışlara neden olduğu
belirlenmiştir. Kuraklık stresinin yaprak klorofil oranı üzerine ise önemli bir
etkisi bulunmamıştır. Deniz yosunu ile kuraklık stresinin bitki üzerindeki
olumsuz etkileri azaltılmıştır. Deniz yosunu uygulamalarının, MDA düzeyi ve
yaprak dokularında iyon sızıntısı hariç incelenen yaprak klorofil oranı ve
membran dayanıklılık indeksi üzerindeki etkisi olumlu ve arttırıcı yönde
olmuştur. Deniz yosunu uygulamaları, yaprak dokularında bağıl su içeriği ile
yaprak alanı gibi parametreleri etkilememiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Deniz yosunu Echinaceae purpurea L. Fizyoloji Kuraklık stresi
Teşekkür
Bu çalışma “Kuraklık Stresi Altındaki Ekinezya (Echinaceae purpurea L.)’ da Deniz Yosununun Büyüme Parametreleri ile Fizyolojik ve Biyokimyasal Değişimler Üzerine Etkisi” isimli Mizgin BAT’ ın yüksek lisans tez çalışmasının bir kısmının özeti niteliğindedir.
Kaynakça
- Arora A, Sairam RK, Srivastava GC 2002. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Systems Inplants, Curr. Sci. 82: 1227-1238.
- Assaha, DVM, Liu L, Ueda A, Nagaoka T, Saneoka H 2016. Effects of Drought Stress on Growth, Solute Accumulation and Membrane Stability of Leafy Vegetable, Huckleberry (Solanum scabrum mill.). Journal of Environmental Biology, 37: (1): 107.
- Atak M, Mavi K 2016. Bazı Serin İklim Tahıllarının İlk Gelişme Döneminde Tuz Stresine Tepkilerinin Belirlenmesi. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 21(2):121-129.
- Bajji M, Kinet J M, Lutts S 2001.The Use of The Electrolyte Leakage Method for Assessing Cell Membrane Stability as A Water Stress Tolerance Test in Durum Wheat. Plant Growth Regulation, 36: 61-70.
- Basu S, Roychoudhury A, Paromita Saha P, Sengupta DN 2010. Differential Antioxidative Responses of Indica Rice Cultivars to Drought Stres. Plant Growth Regulation, 60: 51-59.
- Bhargava S, Sawant K 2013. Drought Stress Adaptation: Metabolic Adjustment and Regulation of Gene Expression. Plant Breed. 132: 21-32.
- Blunden G, Jenkins T, Liu Y 1997. Enhanced Leaf Chlorophyll Levels in Plants Treated With Seaweed Extract. J Appl Phycol, 8: 535-543.
- Can N 2013. Pamuk (Gossypium hirsutum L. ) Çeşitlerinde Kuraklık Stresi Etkilerinin Fizyolojik Olarak İncelenmesi (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). AMÜ, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Aydın.
- Desoky EM, Rady MM, Merwad MA 2018. Response of Water Deficit-Stressed Vigna unguiculata Performances to Silicon, Proline or Methionine Foliar Application. Scientia Horticulturae, 228: 132-144.
- Dolferus R 2014. To Grow or Not to Grow: A Stressful Decision for Plants. Plant Sci. 2229: 247-261.
- Egert M, Tevini M 2002. Influence of Drought On Physiological Parameters Symptomatic For Oxidative Stress İn Leaves Of Chives (Allium schoenoprasum). Environmental and Experimental Botany, 48: 43-49.
- El-Sheekh MM, El-Said AF 2000. Effect of Seaweed Extracts on Seed Germination, Seedling Growth and Some Metabolic Processes of Faba Beans (Vicia faba). Cytobios, 101: 23-35.
- Emam Y, Shekoofa A, Salehi F, Jalali AH 2010. Water Stress Effects on Two Common Bean Cultivars With Contrasting Growth Habits. American-Eurasian J. Agric. Environ. Sci, 9 (5): 495-499.
- Farooq M, Wahid A, Kobayashi N, Fujita D, Basra SMA 2009. Plant Dorught Stress: Effects, Mechanisms and Management. Agron. Sustain. Dev. 29: 185-212.
- Filek M, Walas S, Mrowiec H, Rudolphy Skorska, E Sieprawska A, Biesaga Koscielniak J 2012. Membrane Permeability and Micro and Macroelement Accumulation in Spring Wheat Cultivars During The Short Term Effect of Salinity and Peginduced Water Stress. Acta Physiol. Plant, 34: 985-995.
- Ghaderi N, Siosemardeh A 2011. Response to Drought Stress of Two Strawberry Cultivars (cv. Kurdistan and Selva). Hort. Environ. Biotechnol, 52 (1): 6-12.
- Güneş M, Aktaş M 2008. Su Stresinde Yetiştirilen Genç Mısır Bitkisinde Potasyum Uygulamasının Gelişme ve Evrim Üzerine Etkisi. OMÜ Zir. Fak Dergisi, 12: 33-36.
- Heath RL, Packer L 1968. Photoperoxidation in İsolated Chloroplast. I. Kinetics and Stoichiometry of Fatty Acid Peroxidation. Arch. Biochem. Biophys, 125: 189-198.
- Kuşvuran Ş, Daşgan Yıldız H, Abak K 2011. Farklı Kavun Genotiplerinin Kuraklık Stresine Tepkileri. YYÜ Tar Bil Derg. 21 (3): 209-219.
- Korkmaz K 2018. Çilekte Su Stresi Altındaki Bitkiler Üzerine Hümik Asit ve Silikonun Etkisinin İncelenmesi (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). H.Ü, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Şanlıurfa.
- Lisar SY, Motafakkerazad R, Hossain MM, Rahman IM 2012.Water Stress in Plants: Causes, Effects and Responses, Water Stress (eds:Rahman, I. M. M., Hasegawa, H.) InTech, Croatia,1-14.
- Liu C, Liu Y, Guo K, Fan D, Li G, Zheng Y, Yu L, Yang R 2011. Effect of Drought on Pigments, Osmotic Adjustment and Antioxidant Enzymes in Six Woody Plant Species in Karst Habitats of Southwestern China. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 71: 2, 174-183.
- Maldonado CA, Zungga GE, Corcuera LJ, Alberdg M 1997. Effect of Water Stres on Frost Resistance of Oat Leaves. Enviromental and Experimental Botany, 38: 99-107.Matsiyak K, Kaczmarek Z, Krawczyk R 2011. Influence of Seaweed Extracts and Mixture of Humic and Fulvic Acids on Germination and Growth of Zea Mays L. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Agricultura, 10 (1): 33-45.
- Mc Hugh, DJ 2003. A Guide to The Seaweed Industry. Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations, Roma, Italya, 103.
- Michel BE, Kaufmann MR 1973. The osmotic potential of polyethylene glycol 6000. Plant Physiol, 51: 914-916.
- Mishra A, Choudhuri AD 1999. Effects of Salicylic Acid on Heavy Metal-Induced Membrane Deterioration Mediated By Lipoxygenase in Rice. Biologia Plantarum 42 (3): 409-415.
- Özdemir E 1996. Antalya Sahil Kuşağında Yaygın Olarak Bulunan Deniz Yosunu (Zostera L.)' Nun Seralarda Yetiştirme Ortamı Olarak Kullanım Olanakları (Doktora Tezi). AÜ, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
- Özdemir Ö 2008. Accumulation of Selenium in Different Wheat Genotypes and Its Protective Role Against Various Abiotic Stress Factors (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Sabancı Üniversitesi, İstanbul.
- Özkur Ö 2010. Capparis ovata Bitkisinde Kuraklık Stresi Koşullarında Antioksidant Savunma Sisteminin İncelenmesi (Doktora Tezi). EÜ. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İzmir, 55.
- Premchandra GS, Saneoka A, Ogato S 1990. Cell Membrane Stability, Anındicator of Drought Tolerance, As Affected By Applied Nitrogen in Soybean. Journal of Agriculture Science, 115: 63-66.
- Rodriguez S, Wilhelmi R, Cervilla L, Blasco B, Rios J, Rosales A, Romero L, Ruiz J 2010. Genotypic Differences in Some Physiological Parameters Symptomatic for Oxidative Stress Under Moderate Drought in Tomato Plants. Plant Science, 178: 30-40.
- Rostami AA, Rahemi M 2013. Responses of Capri Fig Genotypes To Water Stress and Recovery. J. Biol. Environ. Sci. 7 (21): 131-139.
- Saffaryazdı A, Lahouti M, Ganjeali A, Bayat H 2012. Impact of Selenium Supplementation on Growth and Selenium Accumulation on Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) Plants. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Faculty of Science. Department of Biology. Mashhad. Iran.
- Sairam RK 1994. Effect of Moisture Stress on Physiological Activities of Two Contrasting Wheat Genotypes. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 32: 594-597.
- Sairam RK, Saxena DC 2000. Oxidative Stres and Antioksidants in Wheat Genotypes: Possible Mechanism of Water Stres Tolerance. J. Agron. and Crop Sci. 184: 55-61.
- Sharma P, Dubey R S 2005. Drought Induces Oxidative Stress and Enhances The Activities of Antioxidant Enzymes in Growing Rice Seedlings. Plant Grow. Reg. 46: 209-21.
- Shehab GG, Ahmed OK, El-Beltagi, HS 2010. Effects of Various Chemical Agents for Alleviation of Drought Stress in Rice Plants (Oryza sativa L.). Not. Bot. Hort. Agrobot. Cluj, 38 (1): 139-148.
- Terzi R, Sağlam A, Kutlu N, Nar H, Kadıoğlu A 2008. Kuraklık Koşulları Altındaki Phaseolus vulgaris Kültüvarlarının Antioksidan Enzim Aktivitelerindeki Değişimlerin Araştırılması. 19. Ulusal Biyoloji Kongresi, 23-27 Haziran, Trabzon.
- Turakainen M, Hartikainen HP, Seppanen MM 2004. Effects of Selenium Treatments on Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Growth and Concentrations of Soluble Sugars and Starch. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52: 5378-5382.
- Whapham CA, Blunden G, Jenkins T, Hankins SD 1993. Significance of Betaines in The Increased Chlorophyll Content of Plants Treated With Seaweed Extract. J Appl Phycol, 5: 231-234.
- Yandım G 2013. Bazı Sentetik Siklitol Türevlerinin Kuraklık Stresine Maruz Bırakılan Cicer (Nohut) Fideleri Üzerindeki Fizyolojik ve Biyokimyasal Etkilerinin Araştırılması (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). MÜ, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Mersin.
- Yunusa M, Ephraim RB, Abdullahi S 2014. Effects of Moisture Stress on The Growth Parameters of Soybean Genotypes. Discourse Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 2 (5): 142-148.
- Zonouri M, Javadi T, Ghaderi N 2014. Effect of Foliar Spraying of Ascorbic Acid on Cell Membrane Stability, Lipid Peroxidation, Total Soluble Protein, Ascorbate Peroxidase and Leaf Ascorbic Acid Under Drought Stress in Grapes. International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research, 4 (2): 349-354.
Effect of Drought Stress and Seaweed Applications on Some Physiological Parameters in Echinacea (Echinacea purpurea L.)
Öz
This study was carried out to
determine the effects of seaweed (Ascophyllum
nodosum) extract applications (control,
2, 4 and 6 cc/l) and drought stress at the
different osmotic pressure (control,-0.5 MPa, -1.0 MPa and -1.5 MPa) generated by PEG 6000 on some physiological
parameters in Echinacea. The leaf area, leaf chlorophyll content, ion
leakage in leaf tissues, malondialdehit level (MDA), relative water content,
and membrane endurance index in leaf tissues of echinacea plants were
investigated.As a result of the research;
leaf area, membrane endurance
index and relative water content in leaf tissues decreased under drought
stress. It was determined that there was increase in the level of MDA and ion
leakage in leaf tissues by the applications. Drought stress did not have any
significant effect on the leaf chlorophyll content. It has been determined that
seaweed applications had the negative effects on the plant of drought stress.
There were positive and increasing effects on the examined parameters such as
leaf chlorophyll content and membrane endurance index except for MDA level and
ion leakage in leaf tissues of seaweed applications. Seaweed applications did
not affect investigated parameters includfing relative water content of leaf
tissues and leaf area.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Arora A, Sairam RK, Srivastava GC 2002. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Systems Inplants, Curr. Sci. 82: 1227-1238.
- Assaha, DVM, Liu L, Ueda A, Nagaoka T, Saneoka H 2016. Effects of Drought Stress on Growth, Solute Accumulation and Membrane Stability of Leafy Vegetable, Huckleberry (Solanum scabrum mill.). Journal of Environmental Biology, 37: (1): 107.
- Atak M, Mavi K 2016. Bazı Serin İklim Tahıllarının İlk Gelişme Döneminde Tuz Stresine Tepkilerinin Belirlenmesi. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 21(2):121-129.
- Bajji M, Kinet J M, Lutts S 2001.The Use of The Electrolyte Leakage Method for Assessing Cell Membrane Stability as A Water Stress Tolerance Test in Durum Wheat. Plant Growth Regulation, 36: 61-70.
- Basu S, Roychoudhury A, Paromita Saha P, Sengupta DN 2010. Differential Antioxidative Responses of Indica Rice Cultivars to Drought Stres. Plant Growth Regulation, 60: 51-59.
- Bhargava S, Sawant K 2013. Drought Stress Adaptation: Metabolic Adjustment and Regulation of Gene Expression. Plant Breed. 132: 21-32.
- Blunden G, Jenkins T, Liu Y 1997. Enhanced Leaf Chlorophyll Levels in Plants Treated With Seaweed Extract. J Appl Phycol, 8: 535-543.
- Can N 2013. Pamuk (Gossypium hirsutum L. ) Çeşitlerinde Kuraklık Stresi Etkilerinin Fizyolojik Olarak İncelenmesi (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). AMÜ, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Aydın.
- Desoky EM, Rady MM, Merwad MA 2018. Response of Water Deficit-Stressed Vigna unguiculata Performances to Silicon, Proline or Methionine Foliar Application. Scientia Horticulturae, 228: 132-144.
- Dolferus R 2014. To Grow or Not to Grow: A Stressful Decision for Plants. Plant Sci. 2229: 247-261.
- Egert M, Tevini M 2002. Influence of Drought On Physiological Parameters Symptomatic For Oxidative Stress İn Leaves Of Chives (Allium schoenoprasum). Environmental and Experimental Botany, 48: 43-49.
- El-Sheekh MM, El-Said AF 2000. Effect of Seaweed Extracts on Seed Germination, Seedling Growth and Some Metabolic Processes of Faba Beans (Vicia faba). Cytobios, 101: 23-35.
- Emam Y, Shekoofa A, Salehi F, Jalali AH 2010. Water Stress Effects on Two Common Bean Cultivars With Contrasting Growth Habits. American-Eurasian J. Agric. Environ. Sci, 9 (5): 495-499.
- Farooq M, Wahid A, Kobayashi N, Fujita D, Basra SMA 2009. Plant Dorught Stress: Effects, Mechanisms and Management. Agron. Sustain. Dev. 29: 185-212.
- Filek M, Walas S, Mrowiec H, Rudolphy Skorska, E Sieprawska A, Biesaga Koscielniak J 2012. Membrane Permeability and Micro and Macroelement Accumulation in Spring Wheat Cultivars During The Short Term Effect of Salinity and Peginduced Water Stress. Acta Physiol. Plant, 34: 985-995.
- Ghaderi N, Siosemardeh A 2011. Response to Drought Stress of Two Strawberry Cultivars (cv. Kurdistan and Selva). Hort. Environ. Biotechnol, 52 (1): 6-12.
- Güneş M, Aktaş M 2008. Su Stresinde Yetiştirilen Genç Mısır Bitkisinde Potasyum Uygulamasının Gelişme ve Evrim Üzerine Etkisi. OMÜ Zir. Fak Dergisi, 12: 33-36.
- Heath RL, Packer L 1968. Photoperoxidation in İsolated Chloroplast. I. Kinetics and Stoichiometry of Fatty Acid Peroxidation. Arch. Biochem. Biophys, 125: 189-198.
- Kuşvuran Ş, Daşgan Yıldız H, Abak K 2011. Farklı Kavun Genotiplerinin Kuraklık Stresine Tepkileri. YYÜ Tar Bil Derg. 21 (3): 209-219.
- Korkmaz K 2018. Çilekte Su Stresi Altındaki Bitkiler Üzerine Hümik Asit ve Silikonun Etkisinin İncelenmesi (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). H.Ü, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Şanlıurfa.
- Lisar SY, Motafakkerazad R, Hossain MM, Rahman IM 2012.Water Stress in Plants: Causes, Effects and Responses, Water Stress (eds:Rahman, I. M. M., Hasegawa, H.) InTech, Croatia,1-14.
- Liu C, Liu Y, Guo K, Fan D, Li G, Zheng Y, Yu L, Yang R 2011. Effect of Drought on Pigments, Osmotic Adjustment and Antioxidant Enzymes in Six Woody Plant Species in Karst Habitats of Southwestern China. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 71: 2, 174-183.
- Maldonado CA, Zungga GE, Corcuera LJ, Alberdg M 1997. Effect of Water Stres on Frost Resistance of Oat Leaves. Enviromental and Experimental Botany, 38: 99-107.Matsiyak K, Kaczmarek Z, Krawczyk R 2011. Influence of Seaweed Extracts and Mixture of Humic and Fulvic Acids on Germination and Growth of Zea Mays L. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Agricultura, 10 (1): 33-45.
- Mc Hugh, DJ 2003. A Guide to The Seaweed Industry. Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations, Roma, Italya, 103.
- Michel BE, Kaufmann MR 1973. The osmotic potential of polyethylene glycol 6000. Plant Physiol, 51: 914-916.
- Mishra A, Choudhuri AD 1999. Effects of Salicylic Acid on Heavy Metal-Induced Membrane Deterioration Mediated By Lipoxygenase in Rice. Biologia Plantarum 42 (3): 409-415.
- Özdemir E 1996. Antalya Sahil Kuşağında Yaygın Olarak Bulunan Deniz Yosunu (Zostera L.)' Nun Seralarda Yetiştirme Ortamı Olarak Kullanım Olanakları (Doktora Tezi). AÜ, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
- Özdemir Ö 2008. Accumulation of Selenium in Different Wheat Genotypes and Its Protective Role Against Various Abiotic Stress Factors (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Sabancı Üniversitesi, İstanbul.
- Özkur Ö 2010. Capparis ovata Bitkisinde Kuraklık Stresi Koşullarında Antioksidant Savunma Sisteminin İncelenmesi (Doktora Tezi). EÜ. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İzmir, 55.
- Premchandra GS, Saneoka A, Ogato S 1990. Cell Membrane Stability, Anındicator of Drought Tolerance, As Affected By Applied Nitrogen in Soybean. Journal of Agriculture Science, 115: 63-66.
- Rodriguez S, Wilhelmi R, Cervilla L, Blasco B, Rios J, Rosales A, Romero L, Ruiz J 2010. Genotypic Differences in Some Physiological Parameters Symptomatic for Oxidative Stress Under Moderate Drought in Tomato Plants. Plant Science, 178: 30-40.
- Rostami AA, Rahemi M 2013. Responses of Capri Fig Genotypes To Water Stress and Recovery. J. Biol. Environ. Sci. 7 (21): 131-139.
- Saffaryazdı A, Lahouti M, Ganjeali A, Bayat H 2012. Impact of Selenium Supplementation on Growth and Selenium Accumulation on Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) Plants. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Faculty of Science. Department of Biology. Mashhad. Iran.
- Sairam RK 1994. Effect of Moisture Stress on Physiological Activities of Two Contrasting Wheat Genotypes. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 32: 594-597.
- Sairam RK, Saxena DC 2000. Oxidative Stres and Antioksidants in Wheat Genotypes: Possible Mechanism of Water Stres Tolerance. J. Agron. and Crop Sci. 184: 55-61.
- Sharma P, Dubey R S 2005. Drought Induces Oxidative Stress and Enhances The Activities of Antioxidant Enzymes in Growing Rice Seedlings. Plant Grow. Reg. 46: 209-21.
- Shehab GG, Ahmed OK, El-Beltagi, HS 2010. Effects of Various Chemical Agents for Alleviation of Drought Stress in Rice Plants (Oryza sativa L.). Not. Bot. Hort. Agrobot. Cluj, 38 (1): 139-148.
- Terzi R, Sağlam A, Kutlu N, Nar H, Kadıoğlu A 2008. Kuraklık Koşulları Altındaki Phaseolus vulgaris Kültüvarlarının Antioksidan Enzim Aktivitelerindeki Değişimlerin Araştırılması. 19. Ulusal Biyoloji Kongresi, 23-27 Haziran, Trabzon.
- Turakainen M, Hartikainen HP, Seppanen MM 2004. Effects of Selenium Treatments on Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Growth and Concentrations of Soluble Sugars and Starch. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52: 5378-5382.
- Whapham CA, Blunden G, Jenkins T, Hankins SD 1993. Significance of Betaines in The Increased Chlorophyll Content of Plants Treated With Seaweed Extract. J Appl Phycol, 5: 231-234.
- Yandım G 2013. Bazı Sentetik Siklitol Türevlerinin Kuraklık Stresine Maruz Bırakılan Cicer (Nohut) Fideleri Üzerindeki Fizyolojik ve Biyokimyasal Etkilerinin Araştırılması (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). MÜ, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Mersin.
- Yunusa M, Ephraim RB, Abdullahi S 2014. Effects of Moisture Stress on The Growth Parameters of Soybean Genotypes. Discourse Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 2 (5): 142-148.
- Zonouri M, Javadi T, Ghaderi N 2014. Effect of Foliar Spraying of Ascorbic Acid on Cell Membrane Stability, Lipid Peroxidation, Total Soluble Protein, Ascorbate Peroxidase and Leaf Ascorbic Acid Under Drought Stress in Grapes. International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research, 4 (2): 349-354.
Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Ziraat, Veterinerlik ve Gıda Bilimleri |
| Bölüm | ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ (Research Article) |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 28 Şubat 2020 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 4 Mart 2019 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 24 Temmuz 2019 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2020Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1 |
Kaynak Göster
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