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Su Mercimeğinde (Lemna minor L.) Everzol Red LFB Toksisitesinin Eksojen Salisilik Asit ile Azaltılması

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 4, 876 - 884, 31.08.2020

Gülçin Beker Akbulut , Duygu Özhan Turhan Emel Yiğit

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.683962
Cited By: 2

Öz

Salisilik asit (SA) sistemik direncin oluşmasında önemli bir role sahiptir. Bu çalışmanın amacı eksojen uygulanan 0.5 mM SA’nın reaktif boya maddesi Everzol Red LFB (ER LFB)’ye maruz kalan su mercimeğindeki (Lemna minor L.) stress tepkisi üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemektir. Hem ER LFB (75 ppm, 150 ppm ve 300 ppm) hem de 0.5 mM SA + ER LFB (75 ppm, 150 ppm ve 300 ppm) uygulamalarına maruz kalmanın neden olduğu fitotoksik tepkiler 1., 4. ve 7. günlerde karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. En düşük klorofil a (Kl-a), klorofil b (Kl-b) ve toplam klorofil (toplam Kl) içeriği 300 ppm ER LFB grubunda bulunmuştur. Karotenoid (Kar) içeriği kontrol gruplarına göre azalmıştır. En yüksek toplam glutatyon (GSH), glutatyon S-transferaz (GST) ve peroksidaz (POD) aktiviteleri 7. günde 0.5 mM SA + 300 ppm ER LFB gruplarında bulunmuştur. Glutatyon redüktaz (GR) aktivitesi 7. günde azalmıştır. Malondialdehid (MDA) içeriği olarak ölçülen lipit peroksidasyon seviyesi, kontrol gruplarına kıyasla genellikle hem ER LFB hem de SA + ER LFB gruplarında artmıştır. Sonuçlar SA'nın L. minor’de ER LFB'ye karşı pozitif bir rol oynadığını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Glutatyon Lemna minor Lipid peroksidasyonu Reaktif boyar madde Pigmentasyon

Kaynakça

  • Akerboom TP, Sies H 1981. Assay of Glutathione, Glutathione Disulfide, and Glutathione Mixed Disulfides in Biological Samples Methods in Enzymology 77: 373-382.
  • Asgher M, Khan MIR, Anjum NA, Khan NA 2015. Minimising Toxicity of Cadmium in Plants—Role of Plant Growth Regulators. Protoplasma 252 (2): 399-413.
  • Balen B, Tkalec M, Šikić S, Tolić S, Cvjetko P, Pavlica M, Vidaković-Cifrek Ž. 2011. Biochemical Responses of Lemna minor Experimentally Exposed to Cadmium and Zinc. Ecotoxicology 20 (4): 815-826.
  • Birben E, Sahiner UM, Sackesen C, Erzurum S, Kalayci O 2012. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense, World Allergy Organ J 5(1): 9-19.
  • Bradford MM 1976. A Rapid and Sensitive Method for the Quantitation of Microgram Quantities of Protein Utilizing the Principle of Protein-dye Binding. Analytical Biochemistry 72 (1-2): 248-254.
  • Carlberg I, Mannervik B 1985. Glutathione Reductase Methods in Enzymology 113: 484-490.
  • Carmen Z, Daniela S 2012. Textile Organic Dyes–Characteristics, Polluting Effects and Separation/Elimination Procedures from Industrial Effluents–a Critical Overview.
  • Cheng J, Landesman L, Bergmann B, Classen JJ, Howard J, Yamamoto Y 2002. Nutrient Removal from Swine Lagoon Liquid by Lemna minor 8627. Transactions of the ASAE, 45(4): 1003.
  • Cicek N, Efeoğlu B, Tanyolac D, Ekmekci Y, Strasser RJ 2012. Growth and Photochemical Responses of Three Crop Species Treated with Textile Azo Dyes. Turkish Journal of Botany, 36(5): 529-537.
  • Criqui MC, Plesse B, Durr A, Marbach J, Parmentier Y, Jamet E, Fleck J 1992. Characterization of Genes Expressed in Mesophyll Protoplasts of Nicotiana sylvestris Before the Re-initiation of the DNA Replicational Activity. Mechanisms of development, 38(2): 121-132.
  • De Kok L, Graham M 1989. Levels of Pigments, Soluble Proteins, Amino Acids and Sulhydryl Compounds in Foliar Tissue of Arabidopsis thaliana During Dark-Induced and Natural Senescence. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (Paris) 27(2): 203-209.
  • Duncan DB 1955. Multiple Range and Multiple F Tests. Biometrics 11(1): 1-42.
  • El-Beltagi HS, Ahmed SH, Namich AAM, Abdel-Sattar RR 2017. Effect of Salicylic Acid and Potassium Citrate on Cotton Plant under Salt Stress. Fresen. Environ. Bull 26: 1091-1100.
  • Elmacı A, Özengin N, Yonar T 2009. Removal of Chromium (III), Copper (II), Lead (II) and Zinc (II) Using Lemna minor L. Fresen Environ Bull 18(5): 538-542.
  • Habig W, Pabst M, Jakoby W 1974. The First Enzymatic Step in Mercapturic Acid Formation. Glutathione-S-transferase. J Biol Chem 249: 7130-7139.
  • Hayat Q, Hayat S, Irfan M, Ahmad A 2010. Effect of Exogenous Salicylic Acid under Changing Environment: a review. Environmental and Experimental Botany 68(1): 14-25.
  • Heath RL, Packer L 1968. Photoperoxidation in Isolated Chloroplasts: I. Kinetics and Stoichiometry of Fatty Acid Peroxidation. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 125(1): 189-198.
  • Hoagland DR, Arnon DI 1950. The Water-Culture Method for Growing Plants Without Soil. Circular. California Agricultural Experiment Station, 347 (2nd edit).
  • Hou W, Chen X, Song G, Wang Q, Chang CC 2007. Effects of Copper and Cadmium on Heavy Metal Polluted Waterbody Restoration by Duckweed (Lemna minor). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 45(1): 62-69.
  • Huang L, Lu Y, Gao X, Du G, Ma X, Liu M, Chen, Y 2013. Ammonium-Induced Oxidative Stress on Plant Growth and Antioxidative Response of Duckweed (Lemna minor L.). Ecological Engineering, 58: 355-362.
  • Jozefczak M, Remans T, Vangronsveld J, Cuypers A 2012. Glutathione is a Key Player in Metal-Induced Oxidative Stress Defenses. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 13(3): 3145-3175.
  • Jóźwiak W, Politycka B 2019. Effect of Selenium on Alleviating Oxidative Stress Caused by a Water Deficit in Cucumber Roots. Plants, 8(7): 217.
  • Kagalkar AN, Jagtap UB, Jadhav, JP, Govindwar SP, Bapat VA 2010. Studies on Phytoremediation Potentiality of Typhonium flagelliforme for the Degradation of Brilliant Blue R. Planta 232(1): 271-285.
  • Kant R 2012. Textile Dyeing Industry an Environmental Hazard. Natural Science 4(1): 22-26.
  • Khan NA, Nazar R, Iqbal N, Anjum NA 2012. Phytohormones and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants: Springer Science and Business Media.
  • Klessig DF, Choi HW, Dempsey DMA 2018. Systemic Acquired Resistance and Salicylic Acid: Past, Present, and Future. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 31(9): 871-888.
  • Kumar D, 2014. Salicylic Acid Signaling in Disease Resistance. Plant Science 228: 127-134.
  • Lichtenthaler HK, Wellburn AR 1983. Determinations of Total Carotenoids and Chlorophylls a and b of Leaf Extracts in Different Solvents: Portland Press Ltd.
  • Lieberherr D, Wagner U, Dubuis PH, Métraux JP, Mauch F 2003. The Rapid Induction of Glutathione S-transferases AtGSTF2 and AtGSTF6 by Avirulent Pseudomonas syringae is the Result of Combined Salicylic acid and Ethylene Signaling. Plant and Cell Physiology, 44(7): 750-757.
  • Lin Y, He X, Han G, Tian Q, Hu W 2011. Removal of Crystal Violet from Aqueous Solution Using Powdered Mycelial Biomass of Ceriporia lacerata P2. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 23(12): 2055-2062.
  • Lu Q, Zhang T, Zhang W, Su C, Yang Y, Hu D, Xu Q 2018. Alleviation of Cadmium Toxicity in Lemna minor by Exogenous Salicylic Acid. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 147: 500-508.
  • Lu Y, Ye W, Yang Q, Yu J, Wang Q, Zhou P, Zhao, S 2016. Three-Dimensional Hierarchical Porous PtCu Dendrites: A Highly Efficient Peroxidase Nanozyme for Colorimetric Detection of H2O2. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 230: 721-730.
  • MacAdam, JW, Nelson CJ, Sharp, RE 1992. Peroxidase Activity in the Leaf Elongation Zone of Tall fescue: I. Spatial Distribution of Ionically Bound Peroxidase Activity in Genotypes Differing in Length of the Elongation zone. Plant Physiology 99(3): 872-878.
  • Miteva LE, Ivanov S Alexieva V 2010. Alterations in Glutathione Pool and Some Related Enzymes in Leaves and Roots of Pea Plants Treated with the Herbicide Glyphosate. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 57 (1) : 131-136.
  • Mouzaki-Paxinou AC, Foudoulakis M, Arapis G 2016. The Use of the Biomarkers Chlorophylls and Carotenoids, for the Interpretation of the Effects in Lemna minor after Exposure of two Herbicides with Different Mode of Action.
  • Noctor G, Gomez L, Vanacker H, Foyer CH 2002. Interactions Between Biosynthesis, Compartmentation and Transport in the Control of Glutathione Homeostasis and Signalling. Journal of Experimental Botany, 53 (372): 1283-1304.
  • Ozengin N, Elmaci A 2007. Performance of Duckweed (Lemna minor L.) on Different Types of Wastewater Treatment. Journal of Environmental Biology 28(2): 307-314.
  • Pandey S, Fartyal D, Agarwal A, Shukla T, James D, Kaul, T, Reddy, MK 2017. Abiotic stress tolerance in plants: myriad roles of ascorbate peroxidase. Frontiers in Plant Science 8: 581.
  • Parlak KU 2016. Effects of Copper on Accumulation, Antioxidant Activity and MDA Content in Lemna minor, Lemna gibba and Spirodela polyrrhiza (L.). Erzincan University Journal of Science and Tech, 9(1): 95-106.
  • Peters JL, Castillo FJ, Heath RL 1989. Alteration of Extracellular Enzymes in Pinto bean Leaves upon Exposure to Air Pollutants, Ozone and Sulfur Dioxide. Plant Physiology 89(1): 159-164.
  • Pomati, F., Netting, A. G., Calamari, D., & Neilan, B. A. (2004). Effects of Erythromycin, Tetracycline and Ibuprofen on the Growth of Synechocystis sp. and Lemna minor. Aquatic Toxicology 67(4): 387-396.
  • Razinger J, Dermastia M, Drinovec L, Drobne D, Zrimec, A. and Koce JD 2007. Antioxidative Responses of Duckweed (Lemna minor L.) to Short-term Copper Exposure. Environmental Science and Pollution Research-International, 14(3): 194-201.
  • Shahrtash M 2013. Plant glutathione S-transferases Function During Environmental Stresses: a review article. Romanian Journal of Biology—Plant Biology, 58(1): 19-25.
  • Sharma K, Sharma S, Sharma S, Singh P, Kumar S, Grover R, Sharma P 2007. A Comparative Study on Characterization of Textile Wastewaters (untreated and treated) Toxicity by Chemical and Biological Tests. Chemosphere, 69(1): 48-54.
  • Sharma P, Jha AB, Dubey RS, Pessarakli M 2012. Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Damage, and Antioxidative Defense Mechanism in Plants under Stressful Conditions. Journal of Botany, 2012.
  • Strzałka K, Kostecka-Gugała A, Latowski D 2003. Carotenoids and Environmental Stress in Plants: Significance of Carotenoid-Mediated Modulation of Membrane Physical Properties. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 50(2): 168-173.
  • Tagun R, Boxall AB 2018. The Response of Lemna minor to Mixtures of Pesticides that are Commonly used in Thailand. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 100(4): 516-523.
  • Tatar, SY, Obek E, Yildirim NC 2017. Antioxidant Response in Duckweed after Exposure to Secondary Effluent from Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant, Elazığ, Turkey. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 99(3): 399-404.
  • Teisseire H, Guy V 2000. Copper-induced Changes in Antioxidant Enzymes Activities in Fronds of Duckweed (Lemna minor). Plant Science 153(1): 65-72.
  • Upadhyay R, Panda, S 2005. Biochemical Changes in Azolla pinnata under Chromium Toxicity. Journal of Plant Biology-New Delhi 32(1): 49.
  • Vafaei F, Movafeghi A, Khataee A 2013. Evaluation of Antioxidant Enzymes Activities and Identification of Intermediate Products During Phytoremediation of an Anionic Dye (CI Acid Blue 92) by Pennywort (Hydrocotyle vulgaris). Journal of Environmental Sciences 25(11): 2214-2222.
  • Valko M, Rhodes C, Moncol J, Izakovic M, Mazur M 2006. Free Radicals, Metals and Antioxidants in Oxidative Stress-Induced Cancer. Chemico-Biological Interactions 160(1): 1-40.
  • War A, Paulraj M, War M, Ignacimuthu S 2011. Role of Salicylic Acid in Induction of Plant Defense System in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Plant Signal. Behav 6: 1787-1792.
  • Zahidi T, Lekchiri A, Zahidi T, Lekchiri W, Berrichi A, Mimouni M, El Halouani H 2018. Extraction and Comparison of Two New Peroxidases from Leaves and Roots of Brassica oleraceae var. ramosa. 9(5): 1398-1404

Alleviation of Everzol Red LFB Toxicity in Duckweed (Lemna minor L.) by Exogenous Salicylic Acid

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 4, 876 - 884, 31.08.2020

Gülçin Beker Akbulut , Duygu Özhan Turhan Emel Yiğit

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.683962
Cited By: 2

Öz

Salicylic acid (SA) has an important function in the formation of induced systemic resistance. The aim of this study was to determine effects of exogenous application of 0.5 mM SA on the stress response in duckweed (Lemna minor L.) exposed to the reactive dyestuff Everzol Red LFB (ER LFB). Phytotoxic responses induced by exposure to both ER LFB (75 ppm, 150 ppm and 300 ppm) and 0.5 mM SA+ ER LFB (75 ppm, 150 ppm and 300 ppm) applications were comparatively examined at 1st, 4th, and 7th days. The lowest chlorophyll a (Chl-a), chlorophyll b (Chl-b), and total chlorophyll (total Chl) contents were found in the 300 ppm ER LFB groups. The carotenoid (Car) content was decreased compared to control groups. The highest total glutathione (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and peroxidase (POD) activities were found after 0.5 mM SA + 300 ppm ER LFB groups at 7th day. Glutathione reductase (GR) activity was reduced at 7th day. The level of lipid peroxidation, measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) content was increased generally both ER LFB and SA+ER LFB groups compared to control groups. Results suggest that SA plays a positive role in L. minor against ER LFB.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Glutathione Lemna minor Lipid peroxidation Reactive dyestuff Pigmentation

Kaynakça

  • Akerboom TP, Sies H 1981. Assay of Glutathione, Glutathione Disulfide, and Glutathione Mixed Disulfides in Biological Samples Methods in Enzymology 77: 373-382.
  • Asgher M, Khan MIR, Anjum NA, Khan NA 2015. Minimising Toxicity of Cadmium in Plants—Role of Plant Growth Regulators. Protoplasma 252 (2): 399-413.
  • Balen B, Tkalec M, Šikić S, Tolić S, Cvjetko P, Pavlica M, Vidaković-Cifrek Ž. 2011. Biochemical Responses of Lemna minor Experimentally Exposed to Cadmium and Zinc. Ecotoxicology 20 (4): 815-826.
  • Birben E, Sahiner UM, Sackesen C, Erzurum S, Kalayci O 2012. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense, World Allergy Organ J 5(1): 9-19.
  • Bradford MM 1976. A Rapid and Sensitive Method for the Quantitation of Microgram Quantities of Protein Utilizing the Principle of Protein-dye Binding. Analytical Biochemistry 72 (1-2): 248-254.
  • Carlberg I, Mannervik B 1985. Glutathione Reductase Methods in Enzymology 113: 484-490.
  • Carmen Z, Daniela S 2012. Textile Organic Dyes–Characteristics, Polluting Effects and Separation/Elimination Procedures from Industrial Effluents–a Critical Overview.
  • Cheng J, Landesman L, Bergmann B, Classen JJ, Howard J, Yamamoto Y 2002. Nutrient Removal from Swine Lagoon Liquid by Lemna minor 8627. Transactions of the ASAE, 45(4): 1003.
  • Cicek N, Efeoğlu B, Tanyolac D, Ekmekci Y, Strasser RJ 2012. Growth and Photochemical Responses of Three Crop Species Treated with Textile Azo Dyes. Turkish Journal of Botany, 36(5): 529-537.
  • Criqui MC, Plesse B, Durr A, Marbach J, Parmentier Y, Jamet E, Fleck J 1992. Characterization of Genes Expressed in Mesophyll Protoplasts of Nicotiana sylvestris Before the Re-initiation of the DNA Replicational Activity. Mechanisms of development, 38(2): 121-132.
  • De Kok L, Graham M 1989. Levels of Pigments, Soluble Proteins, Amino Acids and Sulhydryl Compounds in Foliar Tissue of Arabidopsis thaliana During Dark-Induced and Natural Senescence. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (Paris) 27(2): 203-209.
  • Duncan DB 1955. Multiple Range and Multiple F Tests. Biometrics 11(1): 1-42.
  • El-Beltagi HS, Ahmed SH, Namich AAM, Abdel-Sattar RR 2017. Effect of Salicylic Acid and Potassium Citrate on Cotton Plant under Salt Stress. Fresen. Environ. Bull 26: 1091-1100.
  • Elmacı A, Özengin N, Yonar T 2009. Removal of Chromium (III), Copper (II), Lead (II) and Zinc (II) Using Lemna minor L. Fresen Environ Bull 18(5): 538-542.
  • Habig W, Pabst M, Jakoby W 1974. The First Enzymatic Step in Mercapturic Acid Formation. Glutathione-S-transferase. J Biol Chem 249: 7130-7139.
  • Hayat Q, Hayat S, Irfan M, Ahmad A 2010. Effect of Exogenous Salicylic Acid under Changing Environment: a review. Environmental and Experimental Botany 68(1): 14-25.
  • Heath RL, Packer L 1968. Photoperoxidation in Isolated Chloroplasts: I. Kinetics and Stoichiometry of Fatty Acid Peroxidation. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 125(1): 189-198.
  • Hoagland DR, Arnon DI 1950. The Water-Culture Method for Growing Plants Without Soil. Circular. California Agricultural Experiment Station, 347 (2nd edit).
  • Hou W, Chen X, Song G, Wang Q, Chang CC 2007. Effects of Copper and Cadmium on Heavy Metal Polluted Waterbody Restoration by Duckweed (Lemna minor). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 45(1): 62-69.
  • Huang L, Lu Y, Gao X, Du G, Ma X, Liu M, Chen, Y 2013. Ammonium-Induced Oxidative Stress on Plant Growth and Antioxidative Response of Duckweed (Lemna minor L.). Ecological Engineering, 58: 355-362.
  • Jozefczak M, Remans T, Vangronsveld J, Cuypers A 2012. Glutathione is a Key Player in Metal-Induced Oxidative Stress Defenses. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 13(3): 3145-3175.
  • Jóźwiak W, Politycka B 2019. Effect of Selenium on Alleviating Oxidative Stress Caused by a Water Deficit in Cucumber Roots. Plants, 8(7): 217.
  • Kagalkar AN, Jagtap UB, Jadhav, JP, Govindwar SP, Bapat VA 2010. Studies on Phytoremediation Potentiality of Typhonium flagelliforme for the Degradation of Brilliant Blue R. Planta 232(1): 271-285.
  • Kant R 2012. Textile Dyeing Industry an Environmental Hazard. Natural Science 4(1): 22-26.
  • Khan NA, Nazar R, Iqbal N, Anjum NA 2012. Phytohormones and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants: Springer Science and Business Media.
  • Klessig DF, Choi HW, Dempsey DMA 2018. Systemic Acquired Resistance and Salicylic Acid: Past, Present, and Future. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 31(9): 871-888.
  • Kumar D, 2014. Salicylic Acid Signaling in Disease Resistance. Plant Science 228: 127-134.
  • Lichtenthaler HK, Wellburn AR 1983. Determinations of Total Carotenoids and Chlorophylls a and b of Leaf Extracts in Different Solvents: Portland Press Ltd.
  • Lieberherr D, Wagner U, Dubuis PH, Métraux JP, Mauch F 2003. The Rapid Induction of Glutathione S-transferases AtGSTF2 and AtGSTF6 by Avirulent Pseudomonas syringae is the Result of Combined Salicylic acid and Ethylene Signaling. Plant and Cell Physiology, 44(7): 750-757.
  • Lin Y, He X, Han G, Tian Q, Hu W 2011. Removal of Crystal Violet from Aqueous Solution Using Powdered Mycelial Biomass of Ceriporia lacerata P2. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 23(12): 2055-2062.
  • Lu Q, Zhang T, Zhang W, Su C, Yang Y, Hu D, Xu Q 2018. Alleviation of Cadmium Toxicity in Lemna minor by Exogenous Salicylic Acid. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 147: 500-508.
  • Lu Y, Ye W, Yang Q, Yu J, Wang Q, Zhou P, Zhao, S 2016. Three-Dimensional Hierarchical Porous PtCu Dendrites: A Highly Efficient Peroxidase Nanozyme for Colorimetric Detection of H2O2. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 230: 721-730.
  • MacAdam, JW, Nelson CJ, Sharp, RE 1992. Peroxidase Activity in the Leaf Elongation Zone of Tall fescue: I. Spatial Distribution of Ionically Bound Peroxidase Activity in Genotypes Differing in Length of the Elongation zone. Plant Physiology 99(3): 872-878.
  • Miteva LE, Ivanov S Alexieva V 2010. Alterations in Glutathione Pool and Some Related Enzymes in Leaves and Roots of Pea Plants Treated with the Herbicide Glyphosate. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 57 (1) : 131-136.
  • Mouzaki-Paxinou AC, Foudoulakis M, Arapis G 2016. The Use of the Biomarkers Chlorophylls and Carotenoids, for the Interpretation of the Effects in Lemna minor after Exposure of two Herbicides with Different Mode of Action.
  • Noctor G, Gomez L, Vanacker H, Foyer CH 2002. Interactions Between Biosynthesis, Compartmentation and Transport in the Control of Glutathione Homeostasis and Signalling. Journal of Experimental Botany, 53 (372): 1283-1304.
  • Ozengin N, Elmaci A 2007. Performance of Duckweed (Lemna minor L.) on Different Types of Wastewater Treatment. Journal of Environmental Biology 28(2): 307-314.
  • Pandey S, Fartyal D, Agarwal A, Shukla T, James D, Kaul, T, Reddy, MK 2017. Abiotic stress tolerance in plants: myriad roles of ascorbate peroxidase. Frontiers in Plant Science 8: 581.
  • Parlak KU 2016. Effects of Copper on Accumulation, Antioxidant Activity and MDA Content in Lemna minor, Lemna gibba and Spirodela polyrrhiza (L.). Erzincan University Journal of Science and Tech, 9(1): 95-106.
  • Peters JL, Castillo FJ, Heath RL 1989. Alteration of Extracellular Enzymes in Pinto bean Leaves upon Exposure to Air Pollutants, Ozone and Sulfur Dioxide. Plant Physiology 89(1): 159-164.
  • Pomati, F., Netting, A. G., Calamari, D., & Neilan, B. A. (2004). Effects of Erythromycin, Tetracycline and Ibuprofen on the Growth of Synechocystis sp. and Lemna minor. Aquatic Toxicology 67(4): 387-396.
  • Razinger J, Dermastia M, Drinovec L, Drobne D, Zrimec, A. and Koce JD 2007. Antioxidative Responses of Duckweed (Lemna minor L.) to Short-term Copper Exposure. Environmental Science and Pollution Research-International, 14(3): 194-201.
  • Shahrtash M 2013. Plant glutathione S-transferases Function During Environmental Stresses: a review article. Romanian Journal of Biology—Plant Biology, 58(1): 19-25.
  • Sharma K, Sharma S, Sharma S, Singh P, Kumar S, Grover R, Sharma P 2007. A Comparative Study on Characterization of Textile Wastewaters (untreated and treated) Toxicity by Chemical and Biological Tests. Chemosphere, 69(1): 48-54.
  • Sharma P, Jha AB, Dubey RS, Pessarakli M 2012. Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Damage, and Antioxidative Defense Mechanism in Plants under Stressful Conditions. Journal of Botany, 2012.
  • Strzałka K, Kostecka-Gugała A, Latowski D 2003. Carotenoids and Environmental Stress in Plants: Significance of Carotenoid-Mediated Modulation of Membrane Physical Properties. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 50(2): 168-173.
  • Tagun R, Boxall AB 2018. The Response of Lemna minor to Mixtures of Pesticides that are Commonly used in Thailand. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 100(4): 516-523.
  • Tatar, SY, Obek E, Yildirim NC 2017. Antioxidant Response in Duckweed after Exposure to Secondary Effluent from Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant, Elazığ, Turkey. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 99(3): 399-404.
  • Teisseire H, Guy V 2000. Copper-induced Changes in Antioxidant Enzymes Activities in Fronds of Duckweed (Lemna minor). Plant Science 153(1): 65-72.
  • Upadhyay R, Panda, S 2005. Biochemical Changes in Azolla pinnata under Chromium Toxicity. Journal of Plant Biology-New Delhi 32(1): 49.
  • Vafaei F, Movafeghi A, Khataee A 2013. Evaluation of Antioxidant Enzymes Activities and Identification of Intermediate Products During Phytoremediation of an Anionic Dye (CI Acid Blue 92) by Pennywort (Hydrocotyle vulgaris). Journal of Environmental Sciences 25(11): 2214-2222.
  • Valko M, Rhodes C, Moncol J, Izakovic M, Mazur M 2006. Free Radicals, Metals and Antioxidants in Oxidative Stress-Induced Cancer. Chemico-Biological Interactions 160(1): 1-40.
  • War A, Paulraj M, War M, Ignacimuthu S 2011. Role of Salicylic Acid in Induction of Plant Defense System in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Plant Signal. Behav 6: 1787-1792.
  • Zahidi T, Lekchiri A, Zahidi T, Lekchiri W, Berrichi A, Mimouni M, El Halouani H 2018. Extraction and Comparison of Two New Peroxidases from Leaves and Roots of Brassica oleraceae var. ramosa. 9(5): 1398-1404
Toplam 54 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Yapısal Biyoloji
Bölüm ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ (Research Article)
Yazarlar

Gülçin Beker Akbulut 0000-0002-4964-6780

Duygu Özhan Turhan 0000-0002-7111-4289

Emel Yiğit 0000-0001-6333-8437

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ağustos 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 3 Şubat 2020
Kabul Tarihi 2 Nisan 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020Cilt: 23 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Beker Akbulut, G., Özhan Turhan, D., & Yiğit, E. (2020). Alleviation of Everzol Red LFB Toxicity in Duckweed (Lemna minor L.) by Exogenous Salicylic Acid. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 23(4), 876-884. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.683962

Cited By

Everzol Red LFB ve Everzol Yellow CGL'nin Zebra Balığı (Danio rerio) Embriyoları Üzerinde Teratojenik ve Gelişimsel Toksisitesinin Değerlendirilmesi
Commagene Journal of Biology
https://doi.org/10.31594/commagene.1081350
Overview of Allelopathic Potential of Lemna minor L. Obtained from a Shallow Eutrophic Lake
Molecules
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27113428
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