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Trimetilolpropan Triakrilat’ın Potansiyel Toksik, Genotoksik ve Mutajenik Etkilerinin Drosophila melanogaster Kullanılarak Araştırılması

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 6, 1243 - 1253, 30.12.2022

Fatma Turna Demir

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.988017

Öz

Trimetilolpropan triakrilat (TMPTA), mürekkepler, plastikler, ahşap ve metal kaplamalar gibi farklı malzeme ve formüllerde yaygın olarak kullanılan bir kimyasaldır. Birçok alanda yaygın olarak kullanılmasına rağmen bu maddenin genotoksik potansiyeli çeşitli in vivo ve in vitro yaklaşımlarla net olarak ortaya konmamıştır. TMPTA'nın olası riskleri hakkında literatürdeki in vitro ve in vivo verilerin çelişkili olması nedeniyle, bu kimyasal toksisite ve genotoksisite analizleri için kullanılmaya devam etmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, in vivo bir model olan Drosophila melanogaster ile TMPTA'nın potansiyel toksik ve genotoksik etkilerini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Drosophila Comet, kanat somatik mutasyon ve rekombinasyon (SMART) testleri uygulanmış ve fenotipik değişiklik belirlenmiştir. SMART yönteminde kromozom kırılması, nokta mutasyonu ve mitotik rekombinasyon tek tip klonlara neden olurken; mitotik rekombinasyon ise ikiz klonların oluşmasına neden olmaktadır. Drosophila hemosit hücrelerinde DNA hasarını tespit etmek için Comet testi uygulanmıştır. Deneme konsantrasyonu olarak 10 mM konsantrasyon canlılık açısından toksik etki gösterdiğinden, Drosophila'da genotoksisite ve mutajenite çalışmaları için 10 mM'nin altındaki konsantrasyonlarda testler yapılmıştır. Özellikle test edilen tüm toksik olmayan konsantrasyonlarda (0.5, 1, 2.5 ve 5 mM) TMPTA, Drosophila SMART testinde mutajenik etkiler ve Comet testinde genotoksik etkiler göstermiştir. Ancak, TMPTA'nın toksik olmayan konsantrasyonlarında kanatlar, göğüs kılı ve gözler açısından fenotipik değişiklikler tespit edilmemiştir. Bu çalışma, TMPTA'nın Drosophila’daki toksik ve genotoksik etkilerinin değerlendirildiği literatürdeki ilk çalışmadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Trimetilolpropan triakrilat Drosophila melanogaster Genetik hasar Somatik mutasyon Hemosit

Kaynakça

  • Ames BN. McCann J, Yamasaki E 1975. Methods For Detecting Carcinogens and Mutagens With The Salmonella/mammalian-microsome Mutagenicity Test. Mutat Res 31: 347-364.
  • Anonim 2005. NTP report (GMM 3) On The Toxicology Studies of Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate (Technical grade) in F344/N Rats, B6C3F1 Mice And Genetically Modified (FVB Tg. AC hemizygous) Mice (Dermal studies), US National Toxicology Program, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, October, 2005, https://ntp.niehs.nih. gov/ntp/htdocs/gmm_rpts/gmm3.pdf.
  • Anonim 2012. NTP Technical Report (TR-576) On The Toxicology And Carcinogenesis Studies Of Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate (Technical grade) In F344/N Rats And B6C3F1/N Mice (Dermal studies), US National Toxicology Program, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, December 2012.
  • Anonim 2018. Willems MI 2018. Evaluation Of TMPTA, PETA and PEGDA in The Salmonella/microsome Mutagenicity Test, Report No. R5144, TNO Laboratories, Zeist, The Netherlands, 2018 (September 1976).
  • Anonim 2021. NTP. https://manticore.niehs.nih.gov/ cebssearch/test_article/15625-89-5.
  • Anses 2019. Substance Evaluation Conclusion Document For 2-ethyl-2-[[(1-oxoallyl) oxy] methyl]-1,3-propanediyl Diacrylate (Trimethylolpropane triacrylate), EC No 239- 701-3, CAS No 15625-89-5. In: Evaluating Member State(s): France.
  • Azqueta A, Collins AR 2013. The Essential Comet Assay: A Comprehensive Guide to Measuring DNA Damage and Repair. Arch Toxicol 87(6): 949-968.
  • Collins AR 2004. The Comet Assay for DNA Damage and Repair. Principles, Applications, and Limitations. Mol Biotechnol 26: 249-261.
  • Cameron TP, Rogers-Back AM, Lawlor TE, Harbell JW, Seifried HE, Dunkel VC 1991. Genotoxicity of multifunctional acrylates in the Salmonella/mammalian-Microsome Assay and Mouse Lymphoma TK+/−assay. Environ Mol Mutagen 17: 264-271.
  • Carmona ER, Creus A, Marcos R 2011. Genotoxic Effects of Two Nickel-Compounds in Somatic Cells of Drosophila melanogaster. Mutat Res 718: 33-37.
  • Dearfield KL, Millis CS, Harrington-Brock K, Doerr CL, Moore MM 1989. Analysis Of The Genotoxicity Of Nine Acrylate/methacrylate Compounds In L5178Y Mouse Lymphoma Cells. Mutagenesis 4: 381-393.
  • Demir E, Kocaoğlu S, Kaya B 2010. Antigenotoxic Properties of Chlorophyllin and Chlorophylls in The Drosophila Wing Spot Test. Fresen Environ Bull 19(12): 3131-3138.
  • Demir E, Marcos R 2017. Assessing The Genotoxic Effects of Two Lipid Peroxidation Products (4-oxo-2-nonenal and 4-hydroxy-hexenal) in Haemocytes and Midgut Cells of Drosophila melanogaster Larvae. Food Chem Toxicol 105: 1-7.
  • Demir E, Turna F, Kaya B, Creus A, Marcos R. 2013. Mutagenic/recombinogenic effects of four lipid peroxidation products in Drosophila. Food Chem Toxicol 53: 221-227.
  • Demir E, Turna F, Aksakal S, Kaya B, Marcos R 2014. Genotoxicity of Different Sweeteners in Drosophila. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 23 (12c): 3426-3432.
  • Demir E, Vales G, Kaya B, Creus A, Marcos R 2011. Genotoxic Analysis of Silver Nanoparticles in Drosophila. Nanotoxicology 5: 417-424.
  • Feron ER, Vogelstein B 1996. A Genetic Model For Colorectal Tumour Genesis. Cell 62: 759-767.
  • Forghani A, Garber L, Chen C, Tavangarian F, Tighe TB, Devireddy R, Pojman JA, Hayes D. 2018. Fabrication and characterization of thiol-triacrylate polymer via Michael addition reaction for biomedical applications. Biomed Mater 14(1): 015001.
  • Frei H, Würgler FE, Juon, Hall CB, Graf U 1985. Aristolochic Acid is Mutagenic and Recombinogenic in Drosophila Genotoxicity Tests. Arc Toxicol 56: 158-166.
  • Frei H, Würgler FE 1995. Optimal Experimental Design and Sample Size for The Statistical Evaluation of Data From Somatic Mutation And Recombination Test (SMART) In Drosophila. Mutat Res 334: 247-258.
  • Gelbk H-P 1989. Report on the Study of Trimethylolpropantriacrylat (ZST Test Substance No.: 88/998) In The Ames Test, Project No.: 40M0998/884398, BASF AG, Department of Toxicology, Z 470, 6700 Ludwigshafen/Rh., Federal Republic of Germany, February 1989.
  • Gonzales-Cesar E, Ramos-Morales P 1997. Sodium Azide Induces Mitotic Recombination in Drosophila melanogaster. Mutat Res 389 (2 3):157-165.
  • Graf U 1995. Analysis Of The Relationship etween Age Of Larvae At Mutagen Treatment and Frequency and Size of Spots for The Wing Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test n Drosophila melanogaster. Experimentia 51: 168-117.
  • Graf U, Van Schaik N, Würgler FE 1992. Mutation Genetics. Drosophila Genetics A pratical Course, Springer, New York, 239 sy.
  • Graf U, Würgler FE, Katz AJ, Frei H, Juan H, Hall CB, Kale PG 1984. Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test in Drosophila melanogaster. Environ Mutagen 6: 153-188.
  • Haddouk H 2005. Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate. In Vitro Mammalian Chromosome Aberration Test in Cultured Human Lymphocytes. Study number 28205 MLH. CIT Laboratories, BP 563, 27005 Evreux, France, December 2005.
  • Haddouk H 2006. Trimethylolpropane triacrylate. Bone marrow micronucleus test by oral route in mice. Study number 29406 MAS. CIT Laboratories, BP 563, 27005 Evreux, France, June 2006.
  • Hartmann A, Agurell E, Beevers C, Brendler-Schwaab S, Burlinson B, Clay P, Collins A, Smith A, Speit G, Thybaud V, Tice RR 2003. Recommendations for Conducting The In Vivo Alkaline Comet Assay. Mutagenesis 18: 45-51.
  • Hayashi, Y. (1992). Overview of genotoxic carcinogens and non-genotoxic carcinogens. Exp Toxicol Pathol 44(8): 465-471.
  • Hegarat LL, Huet S, Pasquier E, Charles S 2020. Impact of Solvents on The in vitro Genotoxicity o TMPTA in Human HepG2 Cells. Toxicol In Vitro 69: 105003.
  • Henderson L, Wolfreys A, Fedyk J, Bourner C, Windebank S 1998. The Ability of The Comet Assay To Discriminate Between Genotoxins and Cytotoxins. Mutagen 13: 89-94.
  • Karunarathne A, Bhalla A, Sethi A, Perera U, Eddleston M 2021. Importance of pesticides for lethal poisoning in India during 1999 to 2018: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 21(1): 1-13.
  • Keig-Shevlin Z 2017. TMPTA. Mouse alkaline comet assay. Study number 8354612, Covance Laboratories Ltd., Harrogate, UK, October 2017.
  • Kirkland D, Fowler P 2018. A Review of The Genotoxicity of Trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA). Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 828: 36-45.
  • Kirkland D, Speit G 2008. Evaluation Of The Ability Of A Battery of Three in itro Genotoxicity Tests to Discriminate Rodent Carcinogens and Non-carcinogens: III. Appropriate Follow-up Testing in vivo. Mutat Res Gen Tox En is 654 (2): 114-132.
  • Konduracka E. 2019. A link between environmental pollution and civilization disorders: a mini review. Rev Environ Health 34(3): 227-233
  • Kumaravel TS, Jha AN 2006. Reliable Comet Assay Measurements for Detecting DNA Damage Induced by Ionising Radiation And Chemicals. Mutat Res Gen Tox En 605(1-2): 7-16.
  • Liman R, Kursunlu AN, Ciğerci İH, Ozmen M, Acikbas Y 2020. Assessment of the Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Potential of Pillar [5] Arene Derivatives by Allium cepa Roots and Drosophila melanogaster Haemocytes. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 192: 110328.
  • Lindsley DL, Zimm GG 1992. The Genome of Drosophila melanogaster. Academic Press, San Diego, 1133 sy.
  • Lloyd TE, Taylor JP 2010. Flightless Flies: Drosophila Models of Neuromuscular Disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1184: E1-20.
  • Ma BL, Yang Y, Dai Y, Li Q, Lin G, Ma YM 2017. Polyethylene Glycol 400 (PEG400) Affects the Systemic Exposure of Oral Drugs Based on Multiple Mechanisms: taking Berberine as an Eexample. RSC advances, 7(5), 2435-2442.
  • Mishra M, Sabat D, Ekk, B, Sahu S, Unnikannan P, Dash, P 2017. Oral Intake of Zirconia Nanoparticle Alters Neuronal Development and Behaviour of Drosophila melanogaster. J Nanopart Res 19(8): 1-12.
  • Moore MM, Doerr CL 1990. Comparison of Chromosome Aberration Frequency and small-colony TK-deficient Mutant Frequency in L5178Y/TK+/−-3.7.2C Mouse Lymphoma Cells. Mutagenesis 5: 609-614.
  • Moore MM, Harrington-Brock K, Doerr CL, Dearfield KL 1989. Differential Mutant Quantitation at The Mouse Lymphoma tk And CHO Hgprt loci. Mutagenesis 4: 394-403.
  • Mukhopadhyay I, Chowdhuri DK, Bajpayee M, Dhawan A 2004. Evaluation Of In Vivo Genotoxicity of Cypermethrin in Drosophila melanogaster Using The Alkaline Comet Assay. Mutagenesis 19(2):85-90.
  • Myhr B 1979. Mutagenicity Evaluation Of Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate In The Mouse Lymphoma Forward Mutation Assay, LBI Project No. 20989, Litton Bionetics Inc., 5516 Nicholson Lane, Kensington, Maryland, USA, January 1979.
  • Naidu R, Biswas B, Willett IR, Cribb J, Singh BK, Nathanail CP, Coulon F, Semple KT, Jones KC, Barclay A, Aitken RJ 2021. Chemical pollution: A growing peril and potential catastrophic risk to humanity. Environ Int 156: 106616.
  • Ong C, Lee Q Y, Cai Y, Liu X, Ding J, Yung L-Y L, Bay B-H, Baeg G-H 2016. Silver Nanoparticles Disrupt Germline Stem Cell Maintenance in The Drosophila Testis. Sci Rep 6: 20632.
  • Östling O, Johanson KJ 1984. Microelectrophoretic Study Of Radiation- induced DNA Damages in Individual Mammalian Cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 123: 291-298.
  • Parry JM, Parry EM 2012. Genetic Toxicology Principles and Methods. Springer, New York, 433 sy.
  • Pool-Zobel BL, Guigas C, Klein R, Neudecker CH, Renner HW, Schmezer P 1993. Assessment of Genotoxic Effects By Lindane. Food Chem Tox 31(4): 271-283.
  • Singh NP, McCoy MT, Tice RR Schneider EL 1988. A Simple Technique For Quantitation of Low Levels of DNA Damage in Individual Cells. Exp Cell Res 175: 184-191.
  • Siddique HR, Chowdhuri DK, Saxena D, Dhawan, A 2005. Validation Of Drosophila melanogaster As an in vivo Model for Genotoxicity Assessment Using Modified Alkaline Comet Assay. Mutagenesis 20: 285-290.
  • Speit G, Hartmann A 1999. The Comet Assay (Single Cell Gel Test). A Sensitive Genotoxicity Test for The Detection of DNA Damage And Repair. Methods Mol Biol 113: 203-212.
  • Tice RR, Agurell E, Anderson D, Burlinson B, Hartmann A, Kobayashi H, Miyamae Y, Rojas E, Ryu JC, Sasaki, YF 2000. Single Cell Gel/Comet Assay: Guidelines For in vitro and in vivo Genetic Toxicology Testing. Environ Mol Mutagen 35(3): 206-221.
  • Turna Demir F, Yavuz M. 2020. Heavy metal accumulation and genotoxic effects in levant vole (Microtus guentheri) collected from contaminated areas due to mining activities. Environ Pollut 256: 113378.
  • Turna F, Aksakal S, Demir E, Kaya B. 2014. Antigenotoxic Effects of Resveratrol in Somatic Cells Of Drosophila melanogaster. Fresenius Environ Bull 23: 2116-2125.
  • Van Leeuwen CJ, Vermeire TG 2007. Risk Assessment of Chemicals: An Introduction. Springer, Dordrecht, 686 sy.
  • Vogel EW 1992. Tests For Recombinogens In Somatic Cells of Drosophila. Mutat Res 284: 159-175.

Investigation of Potential Toxic, Genotoxic and Mutagenic Effects of Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate Using Drosophila melanogaster

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 6, 1243 - 1253, 30.12.2022

Fatma Turna Demir

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.988017

Öz

Trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) is a chemical which is commonly used in different materials and formulas such as inks, plastics, wood and metal coatings. Although it is widely used in many fields, the genotoxic potential of this substance has not been clearly demonstrated. Because of the conflictive in vitro and in vivo data in the literature about possible risks of TMPTA, this chemical remains to be used for toxicity and genotoxicity analyses. In this context, the aim of this study is to reveal the potential toxic and genotoxic effects of TMPTA in Drosophila melanogaster as an in vivo model. In accordance with this aim, Drosophila Comet, wing somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) were performed and phenotypic alterations were determined. In SMART method, chromosome breakage, point mutation and mitotic recombination cause single spots while mitotic recombination causes twin spots. Comet assay applied to detect DNA damage in Drosophila hemocyte cells. Since the trial concentration of 10 mM showed toxic effect in terms of viability, tests were carried out at concentrations below 10 mM. All the tested non-toxic concentrations (0.5, 1, 2.5, and 5 mM) of TMPTA showed mutagenic effects in the Drosophila Comet Assay, and genotoxic effects were observed by SMART Assay. However, phenotipic alterations were not detected in non-toxic concentrations of TMPTA in terms of wings, thorax bristle, and eyes. This is the first study in the literature to evaluate the toxic and genotoxic effects of TMPTA in Drosophila.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Trimethylolpropane triacrylate Drosophila melanogaster Genetic damage Somatic mutation Hemocyte

Kaynakça

  • Ames BN. McCann J, Yamasaki E 1975. Methods For Detecting Carcinogens and Mutagens With The Salmonella/mammalian-microsome Mutagenicity Test. Mutat Res 31: 347-364.
  • Anonim 2005. NTP report (GMM 3) On The Toxicology Studies of Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate (Technical grade) in F344/N Rats, B6C3F1 Mice And Genetically Modified (FVB Tg. AC hemizygous) Mice (Dermal studies), US National Toxicology Program, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, October, 2005, https://ntp.niehs.nih. gov/ntp/htdocs/gmm_rpts/gmm3.pdf.
  • Anonim 2012. NTP Technical Report (TR-576) On The Toxicology And Carcinogenesis Studies Of Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate (Technical grade) In F344/N Rats And B6C3F1/N Mice (Dermal studies), US National Toxicology Program, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, December 2012.
  • Anonim 2018. Willems MI 2018. Evaluation Of TMPTA, PETA and PEGDA in The Salmonella/microsome Mutagenicity Test, Report No. R5144, TNO Laboratories, Zeist, The Netherlands, 2018 (September 1976).
  • Anonim 2021. NTP. https://manticore.niehs.nih.gov/ cebssearch/test_article/15625-89-5.
  • Anses 2019. Substance Evaluation Conclusion Document For 2-ethyl-2-[[(1-oxoallyl) oxy] methyl]-1,3-propanediyl Diacrylate (Trimethylolpropane triacrylate), EC No 239- 701-3, CAS No 15625-89-5. In: Evaluating Member State(s): France.
  • Azqueta A, Collins AR 2013. The Essential Comet Assay: A Comprehensive Guide to Measuring DNA Damage and Repair. Arch Toxicol 87(6): 949-968.
  • Collins AR 2004. The Comet Assay for DNA Damage and Repair. Principles, Applications, and Limitations. Mol Biotechnol 26: 249-261.
  • Cameron TP, Rogers-Back AM, Lawlor TE, Harbell JW, Seifried HE, Dunkel VC 1991. Genotoxicity of multifunctional acrylates in the Salmonella/mammalian-Microsome Assay and Mouse Lymphoma TK+/−assay. Environ Mol Mutagen 17: 264-271.
  • Carmona ER, Creus A, Marcos R 2011. Genotoxic Effects of Two Nickel-Compounds in Somatic Cells of Drosophila melanogaster. Mutat Res 718: 33-37.
  • Dearfield KL, Millis CS, Harrington-Brock K, Doerr CL, Moore MM 1989. Analysis Of The Genotoxicity Of Nine Acrylate/methacrylate Compounds In L5178Y Mouse Lymphoma Cells. Mutagenesis 4: 381-393.
  • Demir E, Kocaoğlu S, Kaya B 2010. Antigenotoxic Properties of Chlorophyllin and Chlorophylls in The Drosophila Wing Spot Test. Fresen Environ Bull 19(12): 3131-3138.
  • Demir E, Marcos R 2017. Assessing The Genotoxic Effects of Two Lipid Peroxidation Products (4-oxo-2-nonenal and 4-hydroxy-hexenal) in Haemocytes and Midgut Cells of Drosophila melanogaster Larvae. Food Chem Toxicol 105: 1-7.
  • Demir E, Turna F, Kaya B, Creus A, Marcos R. 2013. Mutagenic/recombinogenic effects of four lipid peroxidation products in Drosophila. Food Chem Toxicol 53: 221-227.
  • Demir E, Turna F, Aksakal S, Kaya B, Marcos R 2014. Genotoxicity of Different Sweeteners in Drosophila. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 23 (12c): 3426-3432.
  • Demir E, Vales G, Kaya B, Creus A, Marcos R 2011. Genotoxic Analysis of Silver Nanoparticles in Drosophila. Nanotoxicology 5: 417-424.
  • Feron ER, Vogelstein B 1996. A Genetic Model For Colorectal Tumour Genesis. Cell 62: 759-767.
  • Forghani A, Garber L, Chen C, Tavangarian F, Tighe TB, Devireddy R, Pojman JA, Hayes D. 2018. Fabrication and characterization of thiol-triacrylate polymer via Michael addition reaction for biomedical applications. Biomed Mater 14(1): 015001.
  • Frei H, Würgler FE, Juon, Hall CB, Graf U 1985. Aristolochic Acid is Mutagenic and Recombinogenic in Drosophila Genotoxicity Tests. Arc Toxicol 56: 158-166.
  • Frei H, Würgler FE 1995. Optimal Experimental Design and Sample Size for The Statistical Evaluation of Data From Somatic Mutation And Recombination Test (SMART) In Drosophila. Mutat Res 334: 247-258.
  • Gelbk H-P 1989. Report on the Study of Trimethylolpropantriacrylat (ZST Test Substance No.: 88/998) In The Ames Test, Project No.: 40M0998/884398, BASF AG, Department of Toxicology, Z 470, 6700 Ludwigshafen/Rh., Federal Republic of Germany, February 1989.
  • Gonzales-Cesar E, Ramos-Morales P 1997. Sodium Azide Induces Mitotic Recombination in Drosophila melanogaster. Mutat Res 389 (2 3):157-165.
  • Graf U 1995. Analysis Of The Relationship etween Age Of Larvae At Mutagen Treatment and Frequency and Size of Spots for The Wing Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test n Drosophila melanogaster. Experimentia 51: 168-117.
  • Graf U, Van Schaik N, Würgler FE 1992. Mutation Genetics. Drosophila Genetics A pratical Course, Springer, New York, 239 sy.
  • Graf U, Würgler FE, Katz AJ, Frei H, Juan H, Hall CB, Kale PG 1984. Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test in Drosophila melanogaster. Environ Mutagen 6: 153-188.
  • Haddouk H 2005. Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate. In Vitro Mammalian Chromosome Aberration Test in Cultured Human Lymphocytes. Study number 28205 MLH. CIT Laboratories, BP 563, 27005 Evreux, France, December 2005.
  • Haddouk H 2006. Trimethylolpropane triacrylate. Bone marrow micronucleus test by oral route in mice. Study number 29406 MAS. CIT Laboratories, BP 563, 27005 Evreux, France, June 2006.
  • Hartmann A, Agurell E, Beevers C, Brendler-Schwaab S, Burlinson B, Clay P, Collins A, Smith A, Speit G, Thybaud V, Tice RR 2003. Recommendations for Conducting The In Vivo Alkaline Comet Assay. Mutagenesis 18: 45-51.
  • Hayashi, Y. (1992). Overview of genotoxic carcinogens and non-genotoxic carcinogens. Exp Toxicol Pathol 44(8): 465-471.
  • Hegarat LL, Huet S, Pasquier E, Charles S 2020. Impact of Solvents on The in vitro Genotoxicity o TMPTA in Human HepG2 Cells. Toxicol In Vitro 69: 105003.
  • Henderson L, Wolfreys A, Fedyk J, Bourner C, Windebank S 1998. The Ability of The Comet Assay To Discriminate Between Genotoxins and Cytotoxins. Mutagen 13: 89-94.
  • Karunarathne A, Bhalla A, Sethi A, Perera U, Eddleston M 2021. Importance of pesticides for lethal poisoning in India during 1999 to 2018: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 21(1): 1-13.
  • Keig-Shevlin Z 2017. TMPTA. Mouse alkaline comet assay. Study number 8354612, Covance Laboratories Ltd., Harrogate, UK, October 2017.
  • Kirkland D, Fowler P 2018. A Review of The Genotoxicity of Trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA). Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 828: 36-45.
  • Kirkland D, Speit G 2008. Evaluation Of The Ability Of A Battery of Three in itro Genotoxicity Tests to Discriminate Rodent Carcinogens and Non-carcinogens: III. Appropriate Follow-up Testing in vivo. Mutat Res Gen Tox En is 654 (2): 114-132.
  • Konduracka E. 2019. A link between environmental pollution and civilization disorders: a mini review. Rev Environ Health 34(3): 227-233
  • Kumaravel TS, Jha AN 2006. Reliable Comet Assay Measurements for Detecting DNA Damage Induced by Ionising Radiation And Chemicals. Mutat Res Gen Tox En 605(1-2): 7-16.
  • Liman R, Kursunlu AN, Ciğerci İH, Ozmen M, Acikbas Y 2020. Assessment of the Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Potential of Pillar [5] Arene Derivatives by Allium cepa Roots and Drosophila melanogaster Haemocytes. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 192: 110328.
  • Lindsley DL, Zimm GG 1992. The Genome of Drosophila melanogaster. Academic Press, San Diego, 1133 sy.
  • Lloyd TE, Taylor JP 2010. Flightless Flies: Drosophila Models of Neuromuscular Disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1184: E1-20.
  • Ma BL, Yang Y, Dai Y, Li Q, Lin G, Ma YM 2017. Polyethylene Glycol 400 (PEG400) Affects the Systemic Exposure of Oral Drugs Based on Multiple Mechanisms: taking Berberine as an Eexample. RSC advances, 7(5), 2435-2442.
  • Mishra M, Sabat D, Ekk, B, Sahu S, Unnikannan P, Dash, P 2017. Oral Intake of Zirconia Nanoparticle Alters Neuronal Development and Behaviour of Drosophila melanogaster. J Nanopart Res 19(8): 1-12.
  • Moore MM, Doerr CL 1990. Comparison of Chromosome Aberration Frequency and small-colony TK-deficient Mutant Frequency in L5178Y/TK+/−-3.7.2C Mouse Lymphoma Cells. Mutagenesis 5: 609-614.
  • Moore MM, Harrington-Brock K, Doerr CL, Dearfield KL 1989. Differential Mutant Quantitation at The Mouse Lymphoma tk And CHO Hgprt loci. Mutagenesis 4: 394-403.
  • Mukhopadhyay I, Chowdhuri DK, Bajpayee M, Dhawan A 2004. Evaluation Of In Vivo Genotoxicity of Cypermethrin in Drosophila melanogaster Using The Alkaline Comet Assay. Mutagenesis 19(2):85-90.
  • Myhr B 1979. Mutagenicity Evaluation Of Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate In The Mouse Lymphoma Forward Mutation Assay, LBI Project No. 20989, Litton Bionetics Inc., 5516 Nicholson Lane, Kensington, Maryland, USA, January 1979.
  • Naidu R, Biswas B, Willett IR, Cribb J, Singh BK, Nathanail CP, Coulon F, Semple KT, Jones KC, Barclay A, Aitken RJ 2021. Chemical pollution: A growing peril and potential catastrophic risk to humanity. Environ Int 156: 106616.
  • Ong C, Lee Q Y, Cai Y, Liu X, Ding J, Yung L-Y L, Bay B-H, Baeg G-H 2016. Silver Nanoparticles Disrupt Germline Stem Cell Maintenance in The Drosophila Testis. Sci Rep 6: 20632.
  • Östling O, Johanson KJ 1984. Microelectrophoretic Study Of Radiation- induced DNA Damages in Individual Mammalian Cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 123: 291-298.
  • Parry JM, Parry EM 2012. Genetic Toxicology Principles and Methods. Springer, New York, 433 sy.
  • Pool-Zobel BL, Guigas C, Klein R, Neudecker CH, Renner HW, Schmezer P 1993. Assessment of Genotoxic Effects By Lindane. Food Chem Tox 31(4): 271-283.
  • Singh NP, McCoy MT, Tice RR Schneider EL 1988. A Simple Technique For Quantitation of Low Levels of DNA Damage in Individual Cells. Exp Cell Res 175: 184-191.
  • Siddique HR, Chowdhuri DK, Saxena D, Dhawan, A 2005. Validation Of Drosophila melanogaster As an in vivo Model for Genotoxicity Assessment Using Modified Alkaline Comet Assay. Mutagenesis 20: 285-290.
  • Speit G, Hartmann A 1999. The Comet Assay (Single Cell Gel Test). A Sensitive Genotoxicity Test for The Detection of DNA Damage And Repair. Methods Mol Biol 113: 203-212.
  • Tice RR, Agurell E, Anderson D, Burlinson B, Hartmann A, Kobayashi H, Miyamae Y, Rojas E, Ryu JC, Sasaki, YF 2000. Single Cell Gel/Comet Assay: Guidelines For in vitro and in vivo Genetic Toxicology Testing. Environ Mol Mutagen 35(3): 206-221.
  • Turna Demir F, Yavuz M. 2020. Heavy metal accumulation and genotoxic effects in levant vole (Microtus guentheri) collected from contaminated areas due to mining activities. Environ Pollut 256: 113378.
  • Turna F, Aksakal S, Demir E, Kaya B. 2014. Antigenotoxic Effects of Resveratrol in Somatic Cells Of Drosophila melanogaster. Fresenius Environ Bull 23: 2116-2125.
  • Van Leeuwen CJ, Vermeire TG 2007. Risk Assessment of Chemicals: An Introduction. Springer, Dordrecht, 686 sy.
  • Vogel EW 1992. Tests For Recombinogens In Somatic Cells of Drosophila. Mutat Res 284: 159-175.
Toplam 59 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Yapısal Biyoloji
Bölüm ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ (Research Article)
Yazarlar

Fatma Turna Demir 0000-0001-8045-8641

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 27 Ağustos 2021
Kabul Tarihi 19 Kasım 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022Cilt: 25 Sayı: 6

Kaynak Göster

APA Turna Demir, F. (2022). Trimetilolpropan Triakrilat’ın Potansiyel Toksik, Genotoksik ve Mutajenik Etkilerinin Drosophila melanogaster Kullanılarak Araştırılması. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 25(6), 1243-1253. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.988017
 Kapak Resmi İndir

21082



2022-JIF = 0.500

2022-JCI = 0.170

Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi (International Peer Reviewed Journal)

       Dergimiz, herhangi bir başvuru veya yayımlama ücreti almamaktadır. (Free submission and publication)

      Yılda 6 sayı yayınlanır. (Published 6 times a year)


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Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi
e-ISSN: 2619-9149