Araştırma Makalesi
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Effect of Lignin Peroxidase Enzyme on Feed Values of Different Straws

Yıl 2018, , 374 - 384, 15.06.2018

Abdiwali Mohamoud Abdı Ünal Kılıç

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksudobil.346585

Öz

The purpose of this study was to
determine the effects of various feed additives and lignin peroxidase (LiP)
enzyme application on the quality and digestibility of some straws. Three
different straws (wheat straw, soybean straw and sorghum straw) with 4 different
treatment groups (Control, 4% urea, 10% molasses and 14% urea + molasses) were
used in the study and 8 treatment groups were established for each straw and
results were analyzed according to randomized factorial design. Daisy incubator
was used to determine the in vitro true digestibilities (IVTD) of straw. In this study,
molasses treated straws were the best among all treatment groups
in organoleptic analyze, it was also found that sorghum straws gave the best
results. Sorghum straw silage ranked first in terms of dry matter digestibility
(DMD), dry matter intake (DMI) and the relative feed value (RFV) (P<0.001).
In this study, it was found that the LiP enzyme did not significantly affect
the IVTD
and in
vitro digestibility of ADF (P>0.05) in straws. LiP enzyme
increased lignin digestibilities for all treatments. As conclusion, sorghum
straw was found to have higher feed value compared to other straws used in
present study.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Wheat straw in vitro digestibility lignin peroxidase sorghum straw soybean straw

Kaynakça

  • Al-Sultan SA 2009. Nutritive Value and Ruminal Degradability of Urea-Treated Wheat Straw in Camels. Saudi Arabia, https://scholar.google.com.tr /scholar?cluster=1195245765062739931&hl=tr&as_sdt=0,5&as_vis=1 (Erişim Tarihi: 07.01.2016).
  • Ankom 2003. Method for determining neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, crude fiber. Ankom Technology, Macedon, NY.
  • AOAC 1998. Officinal Methods of Analysis. 16th Edition, AOAC International, Gaithersburg, MD.
  • AOCS 2005. Official procedure, approved procedure Am 5-04, Rapid determination of oil/fat utilizing high temperature solvent extraction. American Oil Chemists Society, Urbana, IL.
  • Arora DS, Chander M, Gill PK 2002. Involvement of lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase and laccase in degradation and selective ligninolysis of wheat straw. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 50: 115 – 120.
  • Bozkurt Z, Görgülü M, Çelik L 2007. Kekik (Oregano vulgare) ve çörekotu (Nigella sativa) esansiyel yağı ile propolisin buğday samanının in vitro gerçek kuru madde, organik madde ve NDF sindirilebilirliğine etkileri. IV.Ulusal Hayvan Besleme Kongresi, Syf.94-97. 24-28 Haziran 2007. Bursa
  • Can A, Denek N, Yazgan K 2004. Effect of urea and molasses supplementation on nutrient intake and digestibility of sheep fed with straw. Journal of Animal Veterinary Advances, 3 (7): 466-469.
  • Cardoso WS, Tardin FD, Tavares GP, Queiroz PV, Mota SS, Megumi MC 2013. Use of sorghum straw (Sorghum bicolor) for second generation ethanol production: pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. Quim. Nova, 36 (5): 623-627.
  • ElObied GH, Ali JA 2013. Optimum concentrate supplement to sorghum straw to reduce live weight loss in calves during summer season in Sudan. International Journal of Agricultural Sciences 3 (9): 016-021.
  • Eriksson KEL, Blanchette R, Ander P 2012. Microbial and enzymatic degradation of wood and wood components. Springer Science & Business Media.
  • Filya İ 2007. Türkiye’ de kaba yem sorunu ve çözüm yolları. Türkiye Süt Sığırcılığı. Kurultayı (Çağrılı Tebliğ). İzmir, 25-26 Ekim 2007.
  • Fluharty FL 2009. Protein and Energy Supplementation of Crop Residues for Breeding Cattle. Department of Animal Sciences, the Ohio State University. p. 01-05.
  • Hamed AHM, Elimam ME 2009. Effects of Chopping on Utilization of Sorghum Stover by Nubian Goats. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 8 (10): 1567-1569.
  • Hossain SM, Anantharaman N 2008. Effect of wheat straw powder on enhancement of ligninolytic enzyme activity using Phanerochate chrysosporium. Indian Journal of Biotechnology, 7: 502-507.
  • Jonathan SG, Okorie AN, Garuba EO, Babayemi OJ 2012. Bioconversion of sorghum stalk and rice straw into value added ruminant feed using Pleurotus pulmonarius. Nature and Science: 10(4): 10-16.
  • Kalkan H, Filya İ 2011. Sellülaz Enziminin Buğday Samanının Besleme Değeri, in vitro Sindirimi ve Mikrobiyal Protein Üretimi Üzerine Etkileri. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(4): 585-594.
  • Kang SW, Park YS, Lee JS, Hong SI, Kim SW 2004. Production of cellulases and hemicellulases by Aspergillus niger KK2 from lignocellulosic biomass.Bioresource Technology, 91(2): 153-156.
  • Khazaal KA, Owen E, Dodson AP, Harvey P, Palmer J 1990. A Preliminary Study of the Treatment of Barley Straw with Ligninase Enzyme: Effect on In-Vitro Digestibility and Chemical Composition. Biological Wastes, 33: 53-62.
  • Khazaal KA, Owen E, Dodson AP, Palmer J, Harvey PO 1993. Treatment of barley straw with ligninase: effect on activity and fate of the enzyme shortly after being added to straw. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 41 (1):15-21.
  • Kılıç A 1986. Silo Yemi (Öğretim, Öğrenim ve Uygulama Önerileri).Bilgehan Basımevi, İzmir, 327.
  • Kılıç Ü, Sarıçiçek BZ 2006. Gaz üretim tekniğinde sonuçları etkileyen faktörler. Hayvansal Üretim Dergisi, 47: 54-61.
  • Kirk TK, Cullen D 1998. Enzymology and molecular genetics of wood degradation by white-rot fungi. Environmentally friendly technologies for the pulp and paper industry. Wiley, New York, 273-307.
  • Kraidees MS 2005. Influence of urea treatment and soybean meal (urease) addition on the utilization of wheat straw by sheep. Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,18(7): 957-965.
  • Kutlu HR, Çelik L 2014. Yemler Bilgisi ve Yem Teknolojisi. Çukurova Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi , Genel Yayın No:266, Ders Kitapları, Adana. Madibela OR, Mahabile W, Boitumelo W 2005. Effect of sorghum stover as replacement basal diet on milk yield, live weight and dry matter intake of Friesian cow in Botswana. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 4 (2): 197-201.
  • Maheri-Sis N, Abdollahi-Ziveh B, Salamatdoustnobar R, Ahmadzadeh A, Aghajanzadeh-Golshani A, Mohebbizadeh M 2011. Determining Nutritive Value of Soybean Straw for Ruminants Using Nylon Bags Technique. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 10 (9): 838-841.
  • Mattoni M, Schiavone A, Tarantola M, Ladetto G, De Meneghi D, Kanwe AB 2007. Effect of urea treatment on the nutritive value of local sorghum and millet straw: a comparative study on growing performance of Djallonke rams. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 6 (1): 318-320.
  • Redden RR 2012. Straw is a good alternative in rations for cows and sheep if properly supplemented with higher quality feedstuffs. Available from https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/drought/forages-and-grazing/feeding-straw.
  • Reid ID 1989. Optimization of solid-state fermentation for selective delignification of aspen wood with Phlebia tremellosa. Enzyme and microbial technology, 11(12): 804-809.
  • Rohweder DA, Barnes RF, Jorgensen N 1978. Proposed hay grading standards based on laboratory analyses for evaluating quality. Journal of Animal Science, 47(3): 747-759.
  • Rossi J 2007. Feeding Straw to Beef Cattle. University of Georgia. College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences & Family and Consumer Science. P. 01-02.
  • Serna-Saldívar SO, Chuck-Hernández C, Pérez-Carrillo E, Heredia-Olea E 2012. Sorghum as a Multifunctional Crop for the Production of Fuel Ethanol: Current Status and Future Trends, Bioethanol, Marco Aurelio Pinheiro Lima (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-51-0008-9, InTech, DOI: 10.5772/20489.
  • Stanton TL, LeValley S 2006. Feed Composition for Cattle and Sheep. Colorado State University extension, P. 01-06.
  • Şahan Z 2012. Bazı bitki uçucu yağlarının enerji, protein ve lif kaynağı yemlerın ın vıtro gerçek sindirilebilirliğine ve yüksek verimli süt sığırlarında süt verimi ve süt kompozisyonlarına etkileri. ÇÜ. Fen Bil.Ens. Zootekni ABD, Doktotra Tezi. 147 s.
  • Van Soest PV, Robertson JB, Lewis BA 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74(10): 3583-3597.
  • Waller JC 2005. Yem Hammaddeleri Besin Değerleri (Sık kullanılmayan yem hammaddeleri ve yan ürünler tablosu). 2005 Reference Issue and Buyers Guide. Volume 76, Number 38, Feedstuffs.
  • Wan C, Li Y 2012. Fungal pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass.Biotechnology advances, 30(6): 1447-1457.
  • Wulandari AP, Triyana T, Andayaningsih P 2013. Delignification of Rice Straw with Ligninase from Novel Penicillium sp. strain apw tt2 for Biopulping. International Journal of Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, 3(1): 43-46.
  • Xu Z, Wang Q, Jiang Z, Yangn X, Ji Y 2007. Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated soybean straw. Biomass and Bioenergy, 31: 162–167.
  • Yavuz M 2005. Bazı Ruminant Yemlerinin Nispi Yem Değeri ve İn vitro Sindirim Değerlerinin Belirlenmesi. GOÜ. Ziraat Fakültesi, 22 (1): 97-101
  • Yılmaz Y 2009. Kekik (Origanum vulgare) ve çörekotu (Nigella sativa) yağı ile arpa, soya fasulyesi küspesi ve buğday samanının gerçek kuru madde, organik madde ve sindirilebilirliğine etkileri. ÇÜ. Fen Bil.Ens. Zootekni ABD, Yüksek lisans Tezi, 39 s.
  • Yu J, Zhang J, He J, Liu Z, Yu Z 2009. Combinations of mild physical or chemical pretreatment with biological pretreatment for enzymatic hydrolysis of rice hull. Bioresource Technology, 100(2):903-908.

Farklı Samanlarda Lignin Peroksidaz Enzimi Kullanımının Yem Değeri Üzerine Etkisi

Yıl 2018, , 374 - 384, 15.06.2018

Abdiwali Mohamoud Abdı Ünal Kılıç

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksudobil.346585

Öz

Bu
çalışma bazı samanların kaba yem kalitesi ve sindirilebilirliği üzerine farklı
katkı maddeleri ilavesi ve lignin peroksidaz enzimi uygulamasının etkisinin
belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada 3 farklı saman (buğday samanı,
soya samanı ve sorgum samanı) ile 2 enzim muamelesi (lignin peroksidaz var -
yok) ve 4 farklı muamele grubu (kontrol, %4 üre, %10 melas ve %14 üre+melas (%4
üre,  %10 melas)) olmak üzere; her bir
yem için 8 muamele grubu oluşturulmuş ve çalışma tesadüf parsellerinde
faktöriyel deneme tertibine göre yürütülmüştür. İn vitro gerçek
sindirilebilirliklerinin (IVGS) belirlenmesinde Daisy inkübatör kullanılmıştır.
Çalışmada, kuru madde sindirilebilirliği (KMS), kuru madde tüketimi (KMT) ve nispi
yem değeri (NYD) ile duyusal kalite testlerine göre en iyi sonuçları sorgum
samanı silajlarının verdiği belirlenmiştir (P<0.001). Melas ilavesinin
silajlarda kaliteyi artırdığı saptanmıştır. Çalışmada, lignin peroksidaz enzimi
ilavesinin samanların in vitro gerçek sindirilebililikleri (İVGS) ve in vitro
ADF sindirilebilirlikleri (İV-ADFS) üzerine önemli etkisinin olmadığı
belirlenmiştir (P>0.05). Lignin peroksidaz enziminin denemede kullanılan
bütün gruplar için lignin sindirilebilirliğini artırdığı ve sorgum samanlarının
besleme değerlerinin diğerlerinden yüksek olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Buğday samanı in vitro sindirilebilirlik lignin peroksidaz sorgum samanı soya samanı

Kaynakça

  • Al-Sultan SA 2009. Nutritive Value and Ruminal Degradability of Urea-Treated Wheat Straw in Camels. Saudi Arabia, https://scholar.google.com.tr /scholar?cluster=1195245765062739931&hl=tr&as_sdt=0,5&as_vis=1 (Erişim Tarihi: 07.01.2016).
  • Ankom 2003. Method for determining neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, crude fiber. Ankom Technology, Macedon, NY.
  • AOAC 1998. Officinal Methods of Analysis. 16th Edition, AOAC International, Gaithersburg, MD.
  • AOCS 2005. Official procedure, approved procedure Am 5-04, Rapid determination of oil/fat utilizing high temperature solvent extraction. American Oil Chemists Society, Urbana, IL.
  • Arora DS, Chander M, Gill PK 2002. Involvement of lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase and laccase in degradation and selective ligninolysis of wheat straw. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 50: 115 – 120.
  • Bozkurt Z, Görgülü M, Çelik L 2007. Kekik (Oregano vulgare) ve çörekotu (Nigella sativa) esansiyel yağı ile propolisin buğday samanının in vitro gerçek kuru madde, organik madde ve NDF sindirilebilirliğine etkileri. IV.Ulusal Hayvan Besleme Kongresi, Syf.94-97. 24-28 Haziran 2007. Bursa
  • Can A, Denek N, Yazgan K 2004. Effect of urea and molasses supplementation on nutrient intake and digestibility of sheep fed with straw. Journal of Animal Veterinary Advances, 3 (7): 466-469.
  • Cardoso WS, Tardin FD, Tavares GP, Queiroz PV, Mota SS, Megumi MC 2013. Use of sorghum straw (Sorghum bicolor) for second generation ethanol production: pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. Quim. Nova, 36 (5): 623-627.
  • ElObied GH, Ali JA 2013. Optimum concentrate supplement to sorghum straw to reduce live weight loss in calves during summer season in Sudan. International Journal of Agricultural Sciences 3 (9): 016-021.
  • Eriksson KEL, Blanchette R, Ander P 2012. Microbial and enzymatic degradation of wood and wood components. Springer Science & Business Media.
  • Filya İ 2007. Türkiye’ de kaba yem sorunu ve çözüm yolları. Türkiye Süt Sığırcılığı. Kurultayı (Çağrılı Tebliğ). İzmir, 25-26 Ekim 2007.
  • Fluharty FL 2009. Protein and Energy Supplementation of Crop Residues for Breeding Cattle. Department of Animal Sciences, the Ohio State University. p. 01-05.
  • Hamed AHM, Elimam ME 2009. Effects of Chopping on Utilization of Sorghum Stover by Nubian Goats. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 8 (10): 1567-1569.
  • Hossain SM, Anantharaman N 2008. Effect of wheat straw powder on enhancement of ligninolytic enzyme activity using Phanerochate chrysosporium. Indian Journal of Biotechnology, 7: 502-507.
  • Jonathan SG, Okorie AN, Garuba EO, Babayemi OJ 2012. Bioconversion of sorghum stalk and rice straw into value added ruminant feed using Pleurotus pulmonarius. Nature and Science: 10(4): 10-16.
  • Kalkan H, Filya İ 2011. Sellülaz Enziminin Buğday Samanının Besleme Değeri, in vitro Sindirimi ve Mikrobiyal Protein Üretimi Üzerine Etkileri. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(4): 585-594.
  • Kang SW, Park YS, Lee JS, Hong SI, Kim SW 2004. Production of cellulases and hemicellulases by Aspergillus niger KK2 from lignocellulosic biomass.Bioresource Technology, 91(2): 153-156.
  • Khazaal KA, Owen E, Dodson AP, Harvey P, Palmer J 1990. A Preliminary Study of the Treatment of Barley Straw with Ligninase Enzyme: Effect on In-Vitro Digestibility and Chemical Composition. Biological Wastes, 33: 53-62.
  • Khazaal KA, Owen E, Dodson AP, Palmer J, Harvey PO 1993. Treatment of barley straw with ligninase: effect on activity and fate of the enzyme shortly after being added to straw. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 41 (1):15-21.
  • Kılıç A 1986. Silo Yemi (Öğretim, Öğrenim ve Uygulama Önerileri).Bilgehan Basımevi, İzmir, 327.
  • Kılıç Ü, Sarıçiçek BZ 2006. Gaz üretim tekniğinde sonuçları etkileyen faktörler. Hayvansal Üretim Dergisi, 47: 54-61.
  • Kirk TK, Cullen D 1998. Enzymology and molecular genetics of wood degradation by white-rot fungi. Environmentally friendly technologies for the pulp and paper industry. Wiley, New York, 273-307.
  • Kraidees MS 2005. Influence of urea treatment and soybean meal (urease) addition on the utilization of wheat straw by sheep. Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,18(7): 957-965.
  • Kutlu HR, Çelik L 2014. Yemler Bilgisi ve Yem Teknolojisi. Çukurova Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi , Genel Yayın No:266, Ders Kitapları, Adana. Madibela OR, Mahabile W, Boitumelo W 2005. Effect of sorghum stover as replacement basal diet on milk yield, live weight and dry matter intake of Friesian cow in Botswana. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 4 (2): 197-201.
  • Maheri-Sis N, Abdollahi-Ziveh B, Salamatdoustnobar R, Ahmadzadeh A, Aghajanzadeh-Golshani A, Mohebbizadeh M 2011. Determining Nutritive Value of Soybean Straw for Ruminants Using Nylon Bags Technique. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 10 (9): 838-841.
  • Mattoni M, Schiavone A, Tarantola M, Ladetto G, De Meneghi D, Kanwe AB 2007. Effect of urea treatment on the nutritive value of local sorghum and millet straw: a comparative study on growing performance of Djallonke rams. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 6 (1): 318-320.
  • Redden RR 2012. Straw is a good alternative in rations for cows and sheep if properly supplemented with higher quality feedstuffs. Available from https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/drought/forages-and-grazing/feeding-straw.
  • Reid ID 1989. Optimization of solid-state fermentation for selective delignification of aspen wood with Phlebia tremellosa. Enzyme and microbial technology, 11(12): 804-809.
  • Rohweder DA, Barnes RF, Jorgensen N 1978. Proposed hay grading standards based on laboratory analyses for evaluating quality. Journal of Animal Science, 47(3): 747-759.
  • Rossi J 2007. Feeding Straw to Beef Cattle. University of Georgia. College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences & Family and Consumer Science. P. 01-02.
  • Serna-Saldívar SO, Chuck-Hernández C, Pérez-Carrillo E, Heredia-Olea E 2012. Sorghum as a Multifunctional Crop for the Production of Fuel Ethanol: Current Status and Future Trends, Bioethanol, Marco Aurelio Pinheiro Lima (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-51-0008-9, InTech, DOI: 10.5772/20489.
  • Stanton TL, LeValley S 2006. Feed Composition for Cattle and Sheep. Colorado State University extension, P. 01-06.
  • Şahan Z 2012. Bazı bitki uçucu yağlarının enerji, protein ve lif kaynağı yemlerın ın vıtro gerçek sindirilebilirliğine ve yüksek verimli süt sığırlarında süt verimi ve süt kompozisyonlarına etkileri. ÇÜ. Fen Bil.Ens. Zootekni ABD, Doktotra Tezi. 147 s.
  • Van Soest PV, Robertson JB, Lewis BA 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74(10): 3583-3597.
  • Waller JC 2005. Yem Hammaddeleri Besin Değerleri (Sık kullanılmayan yem hammaddeleri ve yan ürünler tablosu). 2005 Reference Issue and Buyers Guide. Volume 76, Number 38, Feedstuffs.
  • Wan C, Li Y 2012. Fungal pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass.Biotechnology advances, 30(6): 1447-1457.
  • Wulandari AP, Triyana T, Andayaningsih P 2013. Delignification of Rice Straw with Ligninase from Novel Penicillium sp. strain apw tt2 for Biopulping. International Journal of Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, 3(1): 43-46.
  • Xu Z, Wang Q, Jiang Z, Yangn X, Ji Y 2007. Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated soybean straw. Biomass and Bioenergy, 31: 162–167.
  • Yavuz M 2005. Bazı Ruminant Yemlerinin Nispi Yem Değeri ve İn vitro Sindirim Değerlerinin Belirlenmesi. GOÜ. Ziraat Fakültesi, 22 (1): 97-101
  • Yılmaz Y 2009. Kekik (Origanum vulgare) ve çörekotu (Nigella sativa) yağı ile arpa, soya fasulyesi küspesi ve buğday samanının gerçek kuru madde, organik madde ve sindirilebilirliğine etkileri. ÇÜ. Fen Bil.Ens. Zootekni ABD, Yüksek lisans Tezi, 39 s.
  • Yu J, Zhang J, He J, Liu Z, Yu Z 2009. Combinations of mild physical or chemical pretreatment with biological pretreatment for enzymatic hydrolysis of rice hull. Bioresource Technology, 100(2):903-908.
Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ (Research Article)
Yazarlar

Abdiwali Mohamoud Abdı 0000-0001-8322-4031

Ünal Kılıç 0000-0003-3909-799X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Haziran 2018
Gönderilme Tarihi 25 Ekim 2017
Kabul Tarihi 27 Kasım 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018

Kaynak Göster

APA Abdı, A. M., & Kılıç, Ü. (2018). Farklı Samanlarda Lignin Peroksidaz Enzimi Kullanımının Yem Değeri Üzerine Etkisi. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım Ve Doğa Dergisi, 21(3), 374-384. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksudobil.346585

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